Valhalla Scientific 4314KVM User manual

4314KVM
Rugged Digital Igniter Tester
Operation Manual
Rev 1.1
 
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9 S C I E N T I F I C
© 202 3 Valhalla Scientific .. All Rights Reseed.

VALHALLA SCIENTIFIC INC. CERTIFICATION
Valhalla Scientific, Inc. certifies that this instrument was thoroughly tested and inspected and found
to meet published specifications when shipped from the factory. Valhalla Scientific, Inc. further
certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the Nation Institute of Standards and
Technology to the extent allowed by NIST’s calibration facility.
Due to continuing product refinement and due to possible parts manufacturer changes, Valhalla
Scientific, Inc. reserves the right to change any or all specifications without notice.
VALHALLA SCIENTIFIC INC. WARRANTY STATEMENT
The warranty period for this instrument is stated on your invoice and packing list. Please refer to these
to determine appropriate warranty dates.
We will repair the instrument during the warranty period provided it is returned to Valhalla Scientific,
Inc. freight prepaid. No other warranty is expressed or implied.
Valhalla Scientific, Inc. is not liable for consequential damages.
Permission and a Return Material Authorization number (RMA) must be obtained directly from the
factory for warranty repairs. No liability will be accepted if returned without such permission.
Due to continuing product refinement and due to possible parts manufacturer change, Valhalla
Scientific reserves the right to change any or all specifications without notice.
4314KVM Digital Igniter Tester User Manual
Revision # 1 Edition 1 (2023)
Copyright © 2023 Valhalla Scientific, Inc. All rights reserved.

WARNINGS
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation, service, and
repair of this product. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere
in this manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the product.
Valhalla Scientific assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
For continued protection, replace the line fuse(s) only with fuse(s) of the same voltage and current
rating and type. DO NOT use repaired fuses or short-circuited fuse holders.
Keep away from live circuits: Operating personnel must not remove equipment covers or shields.
Procedures involving the removal of covers or shields are for use of service trained personnel only.
Under certain conditions, dangerous voltage may exist even with the equipment switched off. To avoid
dangerous electrical shock, DO NOT perform procedures involving cover or shield removal unless you
are qualified to do so.
DO NOT operate damaged equipment: Whenever it is possible that the safety protection features
built into this product have been impaired, either through physical damage, excessive moisture, or any
reason, REMOVE POWER and do not use the product until safe operation can be verified by service-
trained personnel. If necessary, return the product to Valhalla Scientific for service and repair to ensure
that safety features are maintained.
DO NOT substitute parts or modify equipment: Because of the danger of introducing additional
hazards, do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modification to the product.
Return the product to Valhalla Scientific for service and repair to ensure that safety features are
maintained.
Permanent wiring of hazardous voltage or sources capable of delivering greater than 150VA should be
labeled, fused, or in some other way protected against accidental bridging or equipment failure.
DO NOT leave measurement terminals energized when not in use.

Table of Contents
Chapter 1 – General Information.................................................................................................................. 1
Instrument Description............................................................................................................................. 1
Safety Considerations ............................................................................................................................... 1
Instrument Identification.......................................................................................................................... 2
Chapter 2 – Unpacking and Installing ........................................................................................................... 3
Inspection.................................................................................................................................................. 3
Power Requirements ................................................................................................................................ 3
Installation ................................................................................................................................................ 3
Chapter 3 – Specifications............................................................................................................................. 4
Range/Resolution/Test Current/Failsafe Current..................................................................................... 4
Accuracy.................................................................................................................................................... 4
Temperature ............................................................................................................................................. 5
General Specifications............................................................................................................................... 5
Physical Specifications .............................................................................................................................. 5
Chapter 4 – Optional Equipment .................................................................................................................. 6
Available Options ....................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option A2: Battery Charger.................................................................................................................. 6
Replacement Batteries.......................................................................................................................... 6
AC-115: Continuous Isolated AC Power................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Test Leads .................................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option K-174: 4-Wire Kelvin Lead Set (RG174 coaxial cable) ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option K: 4-Wire Kelvin Lead Set .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option MP-S: Single Probe Lead Set ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option MP-1: Kelvin Micro-Probes ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option MP-2: Kelvin Mini-Probes ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option MP-3: Kelvin Micro-Probes ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option MP-4/MP-5: Surface Probes ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option KK: 4-Wire Kelvin Lead Set........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option C: Banana-to-Clip Cable ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option BBL: Banana-to-Banana Cable................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Option KCS: Kelvin Clips ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Option JAWS: Heavy-Duty Clips ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Chapter 5 – Features and Operations........................................................................................................... 8
General...................................................................................................................................................... 8
Front Panel................................................................................................................................................ 8
ON/OFF Button ..................................................................................................................................... 8
Range Selection Knob ........................................................................................................................... 8
Fuse Holder ........................................................................................................................................... 8
Charging Jack.......................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Fail Safe Button (model 4314KVS only) .............................................................................................. 11
Connections ............................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4-Wire Resistance Measurement ......................................................................................................... 9
Displays ................................................................................................................................................... 12
Ohms Display and Multiplier LEDs ...................................................................................................... 12
Interpreting the Display ......................................................................................................................12
Current Display and Multiplier LEDs (KVS models only) ..................................................................... 12
Enable/Disable Current Display .......................................................................................................... 12
Fail-Safe Operation .................................................................................................................................13
Fail-Safe Test (model 4314KVS only) ..................................................................................................13
Low Battery Indicator.............................................................................................................................. 14
Standby Mode......................................................................................................................................... 14
Chapter 6 - Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 15
Localizing the Problem............................................................................................................................ 15
Schematics and Parts List........................................................................................................................ 15
Component Replacement ....................................................................................................................... 15
Block Diagram ............................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Chapter 7 - Routine Maintenance............................................................................................................... 16
General....................................................................................................................................................16
Required Test Equipment ....................................................................................................................... 16
Precision Resistors: .............................................................................................................................16
Test Leads: ............................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Voltage Standard: ...............................................................................................................................16
DMM: ..................................................................................................................................................16
Power Supply: .....................................................................................................................................16

Calibration Procedure .............................................................................................................................17
VOLTAGE SENSE ADJUSTMENTS .........................................................................................................17
RESISTANCE ADJUSTMENTS................................................................................................................ 18
FAILSAFE CHECK ..................................................................................................................................19
LOW BATTERY & POWER-UP CHECK ...................................................................................................20
Checking the Calibration Results ............................................................................................................ 20
½ Scale and Linearity Check ................................................................................................................20
Zero Check...........................................................................................................................................20
Battery Replacement Instructions ..........................................................................................................20
Chapter 8 –Structural Features................................................................................................................... 21
Certifications........................................................................................................................................... 21
Chapter 9 - Addendums ..............................................................................................................................22
Table of Figures
Figure 1 - Fail-Safe test button detail (KVS) ................................................................................................11
Figure 2 - 4314KV Front Panel ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3 - 4314KVS Front Panel...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 4 - Connection Detail .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 5 - Error Sources in Resistance Measurements ................................................................................. 9
Figure 6 - Block Diagram ................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 7 – Fail-Safe shorting points............................................................................................................. 19
Figure 8 - Pelican 1200 Case ....................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 9 - Pressure Equalization Valve........................................................................................................21

1
Chapter 1 – General Information
Instrument Description
The Valhalla Scientific Model 4314KVM Digital Igniter Tester is designed to provide extremely safe and
reliable resistance testing of explosive or volatile devices. Some of the proven uses include fuses, squibs,
igniters, explosive bolts, automobile airbag initiators and many others.
Essentially, a Model 4314KVM is a 4-wire ohmmeter which has been designed to use very low-test
currents for its measurement. Additional circuitry proprietary to Valhalla Scientific is used to ensure that
test current levels do not exceed the specified "failsafe current" even in a worst-case component failure
situation. The failsafe feature is tested in every instrument before shipment and the results provided to
the customer on a Certificate of Calibration that accompanies the unit. In addition, to prove that this level
of safety is intact, the 4314KVMis equipped with a constant test current monitoring display and a unique
Fail-Safe test button that simulates a worst-case component failure and displays the measured fail-safe
current, all while the output is isolated from the current source.
The Valhalla Scientific 4314KVM Igniter Tester contains the enhanced inner circuitry as its ultra-safe 4314
Series predecessors, with the addition of Constant Current monitoring, Fail Safe test, and 7 ranges (2Ω to
2MΩ), all designed in a compact, rugged water-resistant Pelican case for protection in the harshest
environments. The KVM also features an additional safety feature compared to the models in the KV
Series. The 4314KVM front panel has a 6-pin Mil-Spec circular connector, “MS3112E10-6S” that replaces
the four-terminal banana jacks and battery charge jack located on the 4314KV/KVS front panel. This gives
the 4314KVM, an added safety feature that prevents the possibility of having the charging adapter
connected while using the instrument for measurements. This is accomplished by the removal of the rear
panel charge jack and including its connections to the instruments charging circuits through the 6-pin
front panel connector. Four of the front panel connector pins are used to mate with the measurement
adapter cable and the other two pins are for the battery charging cable adapter. By using separate
adapter cables for measurements and charging of the batteries, it ensures that the charge circuit cannot
be activated at the same time as measurements are being made.
Measures Under all Conditions: The KV series of Igniter Testers are not only safe resistance testers for
explosive devices, they also, thanks to the case, are impact resistant and water tight. The devices float in
water, are waterproof when closed, to a depth of 3 feet, and can be operated outside in direct rain.
They come self-contained with a slim-line AC/DC Battery Charger and measurement test leads ready to
use.
The standard feature of the 4314KVM is a battery monitoring circuit that alerts the user if the batteries
have become or will soon become unusable.
Safety Considerations
The 4314KVM Digital Igniter Testers are battery-operated equipment. For an optimal function of the
Failsafe circuitry DO NOT connect the battery charger while the instrument is in an ON position. Always
disconnect the battery charger before operating the instrument.

2
Instrument Identification
Valhalla Scientific instruments are identified by a two-part serial number. The Serial Tag is located on the
rear or bottom of the instrument. The number is in the form of 68-0000 (KVS). The first two digits, called
the serial number prefix, indicate the model. It changes only when a change is made to the instrument.
The last 4 digits, called the serial number suffix, are unique for each individual unit.
Be sure to include the entire serial number, both prefix and suffix, in any correspondence about your
instrument.
The serial number can also be found on the Main Board, Calibration Tag and Certificate of Calibration.

3
Chapter 2 – Unpacking and Installing
Inspection
If the shipping carton is damaged, request that the carrier's agent be present when the unit is unpacked.
If the instrument appears damaged, the carrier's agent should authorize repairs before the unit is returned
to the factory. Even if the instrument appears undamaged, it may have suffered internal damage in transit
that may not be evident until the unit is operated or tested to verify conformance with its specifications.
If the unit fails to operate or fails to meet the performance specifications of Chapter 3, notify the carrier's
agent and the nearest Valhalla Sales Office. Retain the shipping carton for the carrier's inspection. DO
NOT return equipment to Valhalla Scientific or any of its sales offices prior to obtaining authorization to
do so.
Power Requirements
The Model 4314KV/KVS is powered by an internal rechargeable heavy-duty Nickel–metal hydride (NiMH)
battery pack. The battery charge is maintained by an external AC/DC converter that plugs into a standard
receptacle. The AC adapter can accept an input voltage from 100 to 240 Vac (50-60Hz) and an output of
7.5VDC @ 366mA.
The 4314KVM must be turned off and have the adapter connected to charge the batteries.
The battery pack may power the 4314KVM for up to 10 hours before requiring a recharge.
Although the batteries are fully charged prior to shipment, it may be desirable to refresh the charge for
24 hours before use. As a rule of thumb, the 4314KVM requires twice as much time to fully recharge as
the amount of discharge time. For example, if the instrument was used continuously for 2 hours, the AC
adapter must be connected for 4 hours to fully restore the charge.
Installation
The Model 4314KVM consumes little power and generates virtually no heat. Consequently, it may be
used in any area where the environment does not exceed the temperature specifications of Chapter 3.

4
Chapter 3 – Specifications
Range/Resolution/Test Current/Failsafe Current
Table 1
Range
Value
2Ω
20Ω
200Ω
2kΩ
20kΩ
200kΩ
2MΩ
Standby
Resolution
100μΩ
1mΩ
10mΩ
100mΩ
1Ω
10Ω
100Ω
-
Test
Current
5mA
5mA
500µA
50μA
5μA
500nA
50nA
0A
Fail-Safe
Current[1]
8mA
8mA
1.8mA
180μA
18μA
1.8μA
180nA
-
[1] Maximum value. Actual Failsafe Currents vary from instrument to instrument. The actual measured
level is provided on the certificate of calibration.
Accuracy
Table 2
Range
Accuracy
2Ω -20kΩ
±0.03% of reading ± 0.02% of range
200kΩ
±0.05% of reading ± 0.05% of range
2MΩ
±1% of reading ± 0.2% of range
Current Monitor Accuracy (KVS model)
Resistance Range
Current
Measurement Limit Current Range Resolution Tolerance
2Ω - 20kΩ 0-15.0mA
10mA – 15mA
0.1mA
±5%
1mA – 9.99mA
0.01mA
±5%
100µA – 999µA
1µA
±5%
0 – 99.9µA
0.1µA
±5% ±0.3µA
•For 200kΩ and 2MΩ Range settings, ammeter displays range nominal Test Current and Fail-Safe Current values.
•Above 15.0mA the display will show O.L.
Fail-Safe Test Accuracy
Values displayed during the external Fail-Safe test are ±10% from the actual values measured during
certification.

5
Temperature
Temperature Coefficient: ±0.002% per °C (from 0°C-15°C and 35°C-50°C)
not applicable for 200kΩ range and above.
Operating Temperature Range: 0°C to 50°C
Storage Temperature Range: -10°C to 70°C
General Specifications
Display Type: 4 ½ digits Light Emitting Diodes (LED) (19999)
Current Display: 3 digits Light Emitting Diodes (LED) (999)
Overload Indication: Screen displays “O.L.”
Conversion Rate: 3 readings per second
Terminal Configuration: 4-Wire Kelvin
Current Source Compliance Voltage: Clamped at 1.6V
Power: (“D” Cell Batt. Pk) 4.8V rechargeable NiMH Batteries 10000mAh
Battery Charger: Provides 7.5VDC at 366mA nominal.
Physical Specifications
Width: 10.62” / 27cm
Depth: 9.68” / 24.6cm
Height: 4.87” / 12.4cm
Weight: 6 lbs / 2.7kg net; 7lbs / 3.2kg shipping [2]
[2] Shipping weight may vary.

6
Chapter 4 – Optional Features and Accessories
Each 4314KVM Igniter Tester is shipped with a detachable battery charger (AF-A) and a set of AF-K 4
wire leads. This section lists several items that may be desirable for special applications.
Accessories
AF-A: Battery Charger
"AF-A" is an AC/DC converter 115-240VAC line voltage to 7.5VDC at 366mA terminated in a 6-pin
connector for matting to the 4314KVM front panel circular receptacle.
Replacement Battery Pack
The rechargeable NiMH battery pack installed in the 4314KVM should provide years of trouble-free
operation. Replacement, however, will eventually be necessary. The 4314KVM uses a 4.8V four D-cell
battery pack. When ordering replacement battery pack, please specify “HDP” Heavy Duty Battery Pack.
Test Leads
This section details the different test lead sets and connectors available for use with the 4314KVM
Igniter Tester. All cables and test leads are manufactured by Valhalla Scientific Inc. and tested before
shipping.
Alligator Clip Type Leads
AF-K: Kelvin Lead Set
"AF-K" is a shielded, 4-wire Kelvin cable set, 48 inches
in length terminated in gold plated alligator clips
(KCS). Option "K" is the recommended general
purpose lead set for most applications. Figure 3.
KCS: Gold-Plated Clips
"KCS" are gold-plated alligator clips used on the "K"
lead set for 4-wire measurements of smaller
components and leads. Clips open to 1/2 inch and
accommodate test currents of up to 10A.
AF-K: Kelvin 4-Wire Lead Set

7
Needle Type Probes
AF-MP-1: Kelvin Micro-Probes
"AF-MP-1" is a 48-inch shielded 4-wire Kelvin cable set with a 1A test current capacity employing a set of
Kelvin Micro-Probes. The probes are equipped with spring-loaded stainless-steel tips with 0.05" spacing.
AF-MP-2: Kelvin Mini-Probes
"AF-MP-2" is a 48-inch shielded 4-wire Kelvin cable set with a 1A test current capacity employing a set of
Kelvin Mini-Probes. The probes are equipped with spring-loaded stainless-steel tips with 0.18" spacing.
AF-MP-S: Single Pointed Probe Set
"AF-MP-S" is a 48-inch shielded cable set with a 1A test current capacity employing a set of single
pointed handheld pencil type probes. (2 wires to each point).
Surface Probes
AF-MP-4: Surface Probes
These probes permit rapid, repeatable bonding testing on a
variety of screened or flat surfaces. Test current is evenly
distributed through the probe base while sensing is
accomplished via a spring-loaded center contact. The target
area is 1-inch in diameter. Figure 5
AF-MP-5: Surface Probes
These probes permit rapid, repeatable bonding testing on a
variety of screened or flat surfaces. Test current is evenly
distributed through the probe base while sensing is
accomplished via a spring-loaded center contact. The target area is ½ inch in diameter.
AF-MP-2 Micro-Probe

8
Chapter 5 – Features and Operations
General
This section of the manual contains complete operating instructions for the Model 4314KVM Digital
Igniter Testers. A description of the front panel controls, connection instructions, and the theory behind
4-wire resistance measurement is discussed in this section.
Front Panel
ON/OFF Button
When the front panel power switch is placed in the OFF/CHARGE position, all power is removed from the
output terminals, and the battery pack is connected to the charging circuit. When the switch is placed in
the ON position, the battery pack is disconnected from the charging circuit. The possibility of a common
mode voltage between the device under test and AC Power ground is therefore eliminated.
Range Selection Knob
The 4314KV/KVS measurement ranges are selected by turning the range knob to the desired position.
Move knob clockwise to increase the range and counterclockwise to reduce the range. Range knob is also
used to place the tester in Stand By mode.
Fuse Holder
The fuse holder is mounted on the front panel and contains a 2 amp in-line fuse. This fuse is designed to
protect the battery pack from excessive charging currents. For continued protection, replace the line fuse
only with fuse of the same voltage and current rating and type. DO NOT use repaired fuses or short-
circuited fuse holders.
6 Pin Mil-Spec Connector for Measurement and Charging
Measurement connections and charging are made via the front panel 6 pin connector.
Source and Sense Connections
The 4314KVM will include a set of 4 wire alligator clips (AF-K) that will mate with the front panel
connector via Mil-Spec MS3116F10-6P. Four of the terminal pins on the front panel receptacle are used
as Sense and Source pins providing full 4-Wire Kelvin measurement capability.
PIN-A
Positive Voltage Sense
PIN-D
Negative Current Source
PIN-B
Negative Voltage Sense
PIN-E
Positive Current Source
Positive and negative current source terminals provide the test current, while the positive and negative
voltage sense terminals are used to monitor the voltage drop across the load.
The 4-Wire Kelvin configuration eliminates errors normally caused by test lead and contact resistances.
In many applications, the contact resistance can exceed the value of the load by several orders of
magnitude. The 4314KVM bypasses this potential error source by providing two pins of constant current
and an additional two pins for high impedance voltage sensing. The result is a fast, accurate resistance

9
measurement of the load, independent of the resistance of the current carrying leads. Later in this
chapter we will illustrate how the 4-wire principle is used to eliminate lead, wire, and contact
resistances as potential error sources.
4-Wire Resistance Measurement
The four-terminal configuration of the 4314KVM eliminates errors normally caused by test lead and
contact resistances. In many applications the contact resistance can exceed the value of the load by
several orders of magnitude. The 4314KVM bypasses this potential error source by providing two
terminals of constant current and an additional two terminals for high impedance voltage measurement.
The result is a fast, accurate resistance measurement of the load, independent of the resistance of the
current carrying leads.
Figure 1 - Error Sources in Resistance Measurements
Figure 5 illustrates how the 4-wire principle is used to eliminate lead, wire, and contact resistances as
potential error sources. The internal current source inherently overcomes all series resistance (within
compliance voltage limits) and delivers a precise constant current.
The internal high-impedance DVM senses the voltage drop across the load. There is negligible contact and
lead resistance error created by the voltage measurement because the high input impedance of the DVM
limits current flow in the voltage leads.

10
The most common termination is alligator type clips. If this is your choice of leads, simply connect one
clip to one end of your load and the other clip to the opposite side of the load.
For flat surfaces, you can choose between two different spring-
loaded surface probes. If this is your choice of leads, simply
press one probe against one side of the surface of your load,
making sure that the surface of the probe is in full contact with
the surface of the load. Press the second probe against the
surface at the oppose side of your load making sure that the
surface of the probe is in full contact with the surface of the
load.
For hard-to-reach surfaces, Valhalla Scientific offers two sets of
spring-loaded dual needle probes differentiated by overall size
and distance between the needles. If this is your choice of
leads, simply press both the needles of one probe against one
end of the surface of your load, press both needles of the
second probe against the surface at the oppose end of your
load.
See chapter 4 for a full list of lead sets and accessories for your
4314KVM.

11
Charger Connections
The 4314KVM will include a battery charger that will mate with the front panel connector via Mil-Spec
MS3116F10-6P. Two of the terminal pins on the front panel receptacle are used as charger inputs.
PIN-C
Battery Charger Negative
PIN-F
Battery Charger Positive
The charging requirements of the internal battery pack are 7.5VDC @ 366mA. The correct charging
voltage is supplied by the adapter included with the instrument. Additional adapters are available as
Option "AF-A".
Fail Safe Button
When pressed, the Fail-Safe test button simulates a worst-case component failure and displays the
measured fail-safe current. During the test, the current source is isolated from the binding-post. The ohms
measurement window will display FSt, to indicate that the unit is in fail-safe test mode.
Figure 2 - Fail-Safe test button detail (KVM)

12
Displays
Ohms Display and Multiplier LEDs
Under normal operations, the Ohms display will indicate the value of the resistance being measured. The
3 LEDs next to the display window will indicate whether the value displayed is in Ohms, kOhms or MOhms.
(Ohms, kilo-ohms or mega-ohms).
The ohms display will read FSt during Fail-Safe test mode.
Interpreting the Display
All Valhalla ohmmeters and igniter testers use a high impedance voltmeter as part of the resistance
measurement process. This voltmeter is a highly accurate and stable 24 bit analog-to-digital converter
(ADC). Unless it is receiving a definite input signal, the output reading of this ADC is ambiguous. The display
may indicate a randomly wandering number, or it may indicate an over-range condition. This
unpredictable display may make it seem to appear that the instrument is experiencing some sort of
malfunction. It is, in fact, just a characteristic of the voltmeter circuit and should not be mistaken for a
fault in the instrument.
The display indications should be ignored unless there is a definite measurement being taken. If this
wandering display is not acceptable, the ohmmeter can be made to indicate zero whenever the sense
terminals are shorted.
The display should indicate a stable reading when the test leads are securely attached to the device under
test. If the display appears to be erroneous when connected to a load, recheck the test leads for integrity
and cleanliness. If all external items appear to be functioning properly, the problem may be the
ohmmeter. In this case, please contact your local Valhalla Scientific Sales Office.
Current Display and Multiplier LEDs
Under normal operations, the Current display will indicate the value of the source current being used by
the tester. The 3 LEDs next to the display window, will indicate whether the value displayed is in mAmps,
µAmps or nAmps. (milli-Amps, micro-Amps or nano-Amps). The display will indicate the measured value
of the current on ranges 2Ω to 20kΩ and the nominal value of the current. The display indications should
be ignored unless there is a definite measurement being taken.
When a Fail-Safe test is initiated by the user by pressing the Fail-Safe Test button, the Current display will
indicate the true (measured) Fail-Safe value for the range selected.
During Fail-Safe test mode, the Current display will indicate the value of the fail-safe current being
measured.
Enable/Disable Current Display
The Current display can be enabled or disabled by the user. To turn the display on/off, set the range to
Stand By. Press the Fail-Safe Test button for approximately 2 seconds. The display will toggle from on to
off or off to on.

13
Fail-Safe Operation
The 4314KVM incorporates a proprietary current source design that renders them incapable of delivering
excessive voltage or current to the device under test. Maximum Fail-Safe Current values are list in Table
3.
Range
Fail-Safe Current[3]
2Ω
8mA
20Ω
8mA
200Ω
1.8mA
2kΩ
180µA
20kΩ
18µA
200kΩ
1.8µA
2MΩ
180nA
Table 3 - Fail-Safe Current Values per Range
Every 4314KVM Igniter Testers are thoroughly tested before the leaves the factory. These tests include a
failsafe test that simulates a "worst case" failure condition. The resulting output current is recorded and
provided on the Certificate of Calibration included with every unit.
Fail-Safe Test
The 4314KVM is equipped with a Fail-Safe test feature that allows for real time verification of the fail-safe
current. When the Fail-Safe test button is pressed, the unit disconnects the source terminals from the
internal circuitry, simulates a worst-case scenario failure, and measures the source current. The value
measured is displayed in the Current window. If the Fail-Safe current measured ever exceeds the max
values listed in Table 3, do not use the device, and contact your local Valhalla Scientific Sales or Tech
Support Office.
Values displayed during the external Fail-Safe test are accurate to ±10% from the actual values measured
during certification.