Victron energy Blue Smart IP65 User manual

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Appendix
Blue Smart IP65 Charger
Blue Power IP65 Charger
12/4 24/5
12/5 12/10
12/7
12/15

1
Safety instructions
•Always provide proper ventilation during charging.
•Avoid covering the charger.
•Never try to charge non-rechargeable - or frozen batteries.
•Never place the charger on top of the battery when
charging.
•Prevent sparks close to the battery. A battery being charged
could emit explosive gasses.
•Battery acid is corrosive. Rinse immediately with water if
acid comes into contact with skin.
•This appliance is not designed for use by young children or
people who cannot read or understand the manual unless
they are under the supervision of a responsible person to
ensure that they can use the battery charger safely. Store
and use the battery charger out of the reach of children, and
ensure that children cannot play with the charger.
•Connection to the mains supply must be in accordance with
the national regulations for electrical installations. In case of
a damaged supply cord please contact the manufacturer or
your service agent.
•The battery terminal not connected to the chassis has to be
connected first. The other connection is to be made to the
chassis, remote from the battery and fuel line. The battery
charger is then to be connected to the supply mains.
•After charging, disconnect the battery charger from the
supply mains. Then remove the chassis connection and
then the battery connection.

2
1. Quick user guide
A. Connect the charger to the battery.
B. Connect the charger to the wall socket. The TEST LED will indicate that
the mains cable is connected to the wall socket.
All charge status LEDs will flash in case of reverse polarity connection,
short-circuit or if a 12V charger is connected to a 24V battery.
The TEST LED will flash as long as a charge pulse does not increase battery
voltage to more than 12,5V resp. 25V.
When the TEST LED is on continuously, proceed to C.
C. If required, press the MODE-button or, in case of a Smart charger, use a
Bluetooth Smart device to select another charge program.
When RECONDITION is selected in combination with NORMAL or HIGH;
the RECONDITION LED will be on, and the RECONDITION LED will flash
during reconditioning.
The charger can be switched to low current mode (see technical
specifications) by pressing the MODE button during 3 seconds. The MODE
LED will blink when in low current mode.
The low current mode remains activated until the MODE button is pressed
again during 3 seconds.
D. The battery is about 80% charged and ready for use when the absorption
LED switches on.
E. The battery is fully charged when the FLOAT or STORAGE LED is on.
F. Stop charging at any time by disconnecting the mains cable from the wall
socket.
Explanation icons

3
2. “Must know” features and facts
2.1 Blue Smart version only
Set-up, monitor and update the charger (add new features when
they become available) using Apple and Android smartphones,
tablets or other devices.
2.2 Ultra high efficiency “green” battery charger
With up to 95% efficiency, these chargers generate up to four
times less heat when compared to the industry standard.
And once the battery is fully charged, power consumption
reduces to 0,5 Watt, some five to ten times better than the
industry standard.
2.3 Durable, safe and silent
- Low thermal stress on the electronic components.
- Protection against ingress of dust, water and chemicals.
- Protection against overheating: the output current will
reduce as temperature increases up to 60°C, but the
charger will not fail.
- The chargers are totally silent: no cooling fan or any other
moving parts.
2.4 Reverse polarity protected
Once the battery is connected, the charger immediately detects
voltage and polarity. If the battery is connected incorrectly, all
status-LEDs will start blinking. No sparks will occur.
2.5 Recovery function for fully discharged batteries
Most reverse polarity protected chargers will not recognize, and
therefore not recharge a battery which has been discharged to
zero or nearly zero Volts. The Blue Power Charger however will
attempt to recharge a fully discharged battery with low current
and resume normal charging once sufficient voltage has
developed across the battery terminals.
2.6 Temperature compensated charging
The optimal charge voltage of a lead-acid battery varies inversely
with temperature. The Blue Power IP65 Charger measures

4
ambient temperature during the test phase and compensates for
temperature during the charge process. The temperature is
measured again when the charger is in low current mode during
float or storage. Special settings for a cold or hot environment are
therefore not needed.
2.7 Adaptive Battery Management
Lead-acid batteries should be charged in three stages, which are
[1] bulk or constant-current charge,
[2] absorption or topping
charge and [3] float charge.
Several hours of absorption charge are needed to fully charge the
battery and prevent early failure to sulfation¹.
The relatively high voltage during absorption does however
accelerate aging due to grid corrosion on the positive plates.
Adaptive Battery Management limits corrosion by reducing
absorption time when possible, that is: when charging a battery
that is already (nearly) fully charged.
2.8 Storage mode: less corrosion of the positive plates
Even the lower float charge voltage that follows the absorption
period will cause grid corrosion. It is therefore essential to reduce
the charge voltage even further when the battery remains
connected to the charger during more than 48 hours.
2.9 Reconditioning
A lead-acid battery that has been insufficiently charged or has
been left discharged during days or weeks will deteriorate due to
sulfation¹. If caught in time, sulfation can sometimes be partially
reversed by charging the battery with low current up to a higher
voltage.
Remarks:
a) Reconditioning should be applied only occasionally to flat plate VRLA
(gel and AGM) batteries because the resulting gassing will dry out the
electrolyte.
b) Cylindrical cell VRLA batteries build more internal pressure before
gassing and will therefore lose less water when subjected to
reconditioning. Some manufacturers of cylindrical cell batteries
therefore recommend the reconditioning setting in case of cyclic
application.
c) Reconditioning can be applied to flooded batteries to “equalise” the
cells and to prevent acid stratification.

5
d) Some battery charger manufactures recommend pulse charging to
reverse sulfation. However, most battery experts agree that there is
no conclusive proof that pulse charging works any better than
constant voltage charging. This is confirmed by our own tests.
2.10 Lithium-ion (LiFePO₄) batteries
Li-ion batteries do not suffer from sulfation.
But Li-ion batteries are very sensitive to under voltage or over
voltage².
Li-ion batteries therefore often have integrated cell balancing and
under voltage protection (UVP) circuitry.
Some reverse polarity protected chargers will not recognize a
battery when the UVP has tripped.
The Blue Power Charger will however automatically reset the
UVP and start charging.
Important note:
NEVER attempt to charge a Li-ion battery when its
temperature is below 0°C.
2.11 Low current mode
Some lead acid batteries can overheat if charged with a current
exceeding 0,3C (C is the capacity in Ah. A 12Ah battery for
example should not be charged with a current exceeding
0,3 x 12 = 4A). The low current mode (charge current limited to
4A or less, see technical specifications) should therefore be used
to charge low capacity lead-acid batteries.
¹ For more information about batteries, please
refer to our book ‘Energy Unlimited’ (downloadable from
www.victronenergy.com),
or
http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/sulfation_and_how_to_pr
event_it
² For more information about Li-ion batteries please see
http://www.victronenergy.com/batteries/lithium-battery-12,8v/

6
3. Charge algorithms
3.1 Smart charge algorithm with optional reconditioning for
lead-acid batteries
Charge voltages at room temperature:
MODE
ABS
V
FLOAT
V
STORAGE
V
RECONDITION
Max V@% of Inom
NORMAL
14,4
13,8
13,2
16,2@8%, max 1h
HIGH
14,7
13,8
13,2
16,5@8%, max 1h
LI-ION
14,2
13,5
13,5
n. a.
For 24V chargers: multiply all voltage values by 2.
NORMAL (14,4V): recommended for flooded flat plate lead
antimony batteries (starter batteries), flat plate gel and AGM
batteries.
HIGH (14,7V): recommended for flooded lead calcium batteries,
Optima spiral cell batteries and Odyssey batteries.
Seven step charge sequence for lead-acid batteries:
1. CHARGE/TEST
Tests if the battery can accept charge, even if the battery is
fully discharged (zero or nearly zero Volt across the
terminals).
All charge status LEDs will flash in case of reverse polarity
connection, short-circuit or if a 12V charger is connected to
a 24V battery.
The TEST LED will flash as long as a charge pulse does
not increase battery voltage to more than 12,5V resp. 25V.
If the flashing persists during several minutes the battery is
probably damaged (internal short-circuit): disconnect the
charger.
A false rejection may occur if a load is simultaneously
draining a very weak or fully discharged battery during the
test phase: disconnect the load and repeat the test.

7
The charger can be switched to low current mode (see technical
specifications) by pressing the MODE button during 3 seconds. The
MODE LED will blink when in low current mode.
The low current mode remains activated until the MODE button is
pressed again during 3 seconds.
2. BULK
Charges the battery with maximum current until absorption
voltage is reached. The battery will then be about 80%
charged and is ready for use.
3. ABS - Absorption
Charges the battery at constant voltage and with
decreasing current until it is fully charged.
See table above for absorption voltage at room
temperature.
Adaptive battery management:
The absorption time is short (minimum 30 minutes) if the
battery was (nearly) fully charged and increases to 8 hours
in case of a deeply discharged battery.
4. RECONDITION
Optional reconditioning for deeply discharged lead-acid
batteries.
Reconditioning is applicable to the charge algorithms
NORMAL and HIGH and can be selected by pressing the
MODE button one more time after selection of the required
algorithm.
When in RECONDITION mode the battery will be charged
with low current up to a higher voltage at the end of the
absorption phase.
The RECONDITION LED will be on during charging, and
will blink during the reconditioning period.
During reconditioning the maximum current is equal to 8%
of the nominal current until the maximum voltage is
reached. Reconditioning is terminated after one hour or
when the maximum voltage is reached, whichever comes
first. See table.
Example:
For a 12/15 charger: the recondition current is
15 x 0,08 = 1,2A.
5. FLOAT
Keeps the battery at constant voltage and fully charged.

8
6. STORAGE
Keeps the battery at reduced constant voltage to limit
gassing and corrosion of the positive plates.
Slow self discharge is prevented by an automatic weekly
refresh of the battery with a short absorption charge.
7. READY
The battery is fully charged when the FLOAT or STORAGE
LED is on.
3.2 Lithium-ion (LiFePO₄) batteries
When charging a Lithium-ion battery, the Blue Power Charger
uses a specific charging algorithm for Lithium-ion batteries, to
ensure optimum performance. Select LI-ION with the mode
button.
3.3 When a load is connected to the battery
A load can be applied to the battery while charging, as long as
the current draw is much lower than the rated output of the
battery charger.
Reconditioning is not possible when a load is connected to the
battery.
Remarks:
a) Disconnect all loads before attempting to recharge a very
weak or fully discharged lead-acid battery. Loads may be
reconnected once the bulk phase has started.
b) Disconnect all loads before attempting to recharge a Li-ion
battery when the under voltage protection (UVP) of the
Li˗ion battery has tripped. Loads may be reconnected once
the bulk phase has started.
3.4 Triggering a new charge cycle
A new charge cycle will start when:
a) The charger has reached float or storage, and, due to a
load, current increases up to maximum current during more
than four seconds.
b) The MODE button is pressed during charging.
c) The AC supply has been disconnected and reconnected.

9
3.5 Estimating charge time
A lead-acid battery is about 80% charged at the beginning of the
absorption period.
The time Tto 80% charged can be calculated as follows:
T = Ah / I
Where:
Iis the charge current (= charger output minus load current).
Ah is the amount of Ah to be charged.
A full absorption period of up to 8 hours is needed to charge the
battery to 100%.
Example:
Charge time to 80% of a fully discharged 100Ah battery when
charged with a 10A Blue Power Charger: T = 100 / 10 = 10 hours
Charge time to 100%: 10 + 8 = 18 hours.
A Li-ion battery is more than 95% charged at the beginning of the
absorption period, and reaches 100% charge after approximately
30 minutes absorption charge.
3.6 High internal resistance
When a battery reaches the end of its cycle- or float life, or when
it dies prematurely due to sulfation or corrosion, capacity will
dramatically drop and internal resistance will increase. The
charger will not recognise such a battery during the test phase (it
could as well be a nearly fully charged battery).
A very short bulk phase when charging a supposedly discharged
battery does however indicate that the battery has reached the
end of its useful life.
Remark: sulfation can sometimes be partially reversed by
repeated application of the RECONDITION MODE.
3.7 Can be used as a power supply
The charger will supply DC loads when no battery is connected.

10
4. Technical specifications
Blue Power Charger IP65
Blue Smart Charger IP65
12V 4/5/7/10/15A 24V 5/8A
Input voltage range 180-265 VAC
Efficiency 94% 95%
Standby power consumption 0,5W
Minimum battery voltage Starts charging from down to 0V
Charge voltage 'absorption'
Normal: 14,4V
High: 14,7V
Li-ion: 14,2V
Normal: 28,8V
High: 29,4V
Li-ion: 28,4V
Charge voltage 'float'
Normal: 13,8V
High: 13,8V
Li-ion: 13,5V
Normal: 27,6V
High: 27,6V
Li-ion: 27,0V
Charge voltage 'storage'
Normal: 13,2V
High: 13,2V
Li-ion: 13,5V
Normal: 26,4V
High: 26,4V
Li-ion: 27,0V
Charge current 4 / 5 / 7 / 10 / 15A 5 / 8A
Charge current in low current mode 2 / 2 / 2 / 3 / 4A 2 / 3A
Temperature compensation
(lead-acid batteries only)
16 mV/°C 32 mV/°C
Can be used as power supply Yes
Back current drain 0,7Ah/month (1mA)
Protection
Reverse polarity Output short circuit
Over temperature
Operating temp. range -20 to +50°C (full rated output up to 30°C)
Humidity (non condensing) Max 95%
ENCLOSURE
Battery-connection Black and red cable of 1,5 meter
230 V AC-connection
Cable of 1,5 meter with
CEE 7/7, BS 1363 plug (UK) or AS/NZS 3112 plug
Protection category IP65 (splash and dust proof)
Weight 0,9kg 0,9kg
Dimensions (h x w x d)
12/7: 47x95x190mm
0ther: 60x105x190mm
24/5: 47x95x190mm
24/8: 60x105x190mm
STANDARDS
Safety EN 60335-1, EN 60335-2-29
Emission EN 55014-1, EN 61000-6-3, EN 61000-3-2
Immunity EN 55014-2, EN 61000-6-1, EN 61000-6-2, EN 61000-3-3

11
Five year limited warranty
This limited warranty covers defects in materials and
workmanship in this product, and lasts for five years from the date
of original purchase of this product. The customer must return the
product together with the receipt of purchase to the point of
purchase.
This limited warranty does not cover damage, deterioration or
malfunction resulting from alteration, modification, improper or
unreasonable use or misuse, neglect, exposure to excess
moisture, fire, improper packing, lightning, power surges, or other
acts of nature.
This limited warranty does not cover damage, deterioration or
malfunction resulting from repairs attempted by anyone
unauthorized by Victron Energy to make such repairs.
Victron Energy is not liable for any consequential damages
arising from the use of this product.
The maximum liability of Victron Energy under this limited
warranty shall not exceed the actual purchase price of the
product.

1
EN NL FR DE ES SE FI
Veiligheidsvoorschriften
•Zorg altijd voor voldoende ventilatie tijdens het laden.
•Dek de lader niet af.
•Probeer nooit een niet oplaadbare - of bevroren accu te
laden.
•Plaats de lader tijdens het laden nooit bovenop de accu.
•Voorkom vonken in de buurt van de accu.Tijdens het laden
van een accu kunnen er explosieve gassen worden
afgeven.
•Accuzuur is corrosief. Bij aanraking met de huid dient dit
met overvloedig water te worden afgespoeld.
•Dit apparaat is niet geschikt voor gebruik door kinderen.
Bewaar de oplader buiten het bereik van kinderen.
•Aansluiting op het elektriciteitsnet moet in overeen-
stemming zijn met de nationale regelgeving voor elektrische
installaties. Neem bij een beschadigd elekticiteitsnoer
contact op met de fabrikant of leverancier.
•De accuklem die niet is aangesloten op het chassis moet
als eerste worden aangesloten. De andere klem moet op
het chassis worden aangesloten, verwijderd van de accu en
de brandstofleiding. De acculader moet vervolgens worden
aangesloten op de voeding.
•Koppel na het opladen de acculader los van de voeding.
Verwijder vervolgens de verbinding met het chassis en
daarna de verbinding met de accu.

2
1. Korte gebruiksomschrijving
A. Sluit de lader aan op de accu.
B. Sluit de lader aan op een stopcontact. De TEST LED geeft aan
dat de oplader is aangesloten.
Wanneer alle status LEDs knipperen is de oplader verkeerd
aangesloten, is er kortsluiting of is er een 12V lader aangesloten
op een 24 volt accu.
De TEST LED zal knipperen zolang de laadpuls de accuspanning
niet boven de 12,5V of respectievelijk 25V brengt.
Zodra de TEST LED continu brand, kunt u verder gaan met C.
C. Druk, indien nodig, op de knop MODE of, in het geval van een
Smart charger, gebruik een Bluetooth Smart apparaat om een
ander laadprogramma te kiezen.
Wanneer RECONDITION wordt gekozen in combinatie met
NORMAL of HIGH, zal de LED RECONDITION branden.
Tijdens de herconditionering zal de LED RECONDITION
knipperen.
De lader kan in de modus Lage stroom (zie technische
specificaties) worden gezet door 3 seconden lang de knop MODE
ingedrukt te houden. Een van de vier MODE LEDs gaat
knipperen als de modus Lage stroom is geactiveerd.
De modus Lage stroom blijft actief tot de knop MODE nogmaals 3
seconden lang wordt ingedrukt.
D. De accu is voor ongeveer 80% opgeladen en klaar voor
gebruik als de absoprtie LED gaat branden.
E. De accu is volledig opgeladen als de LEDs FLOAT
(druppellading) of STORAGE (opslaglading) branden.

3
EN NL FR DE ES SE FI
F. Het laadproces kan te allen tijde beëindigd worden door de
stekker van de lader uit het stopcontact te trekken.
Betekenis iconen

4
2. “Must know” functies en feiten
2.1 Alleen Blue Smart versie
Set-up, bewaken en actualiseren van de lader (toevoegen van
nieuwe functies zodra ze beschikbaar zijn) met behulp van Apple
en Android smartphones, tablets en andere apparaten.
2.2 ‘Groene’, ultra-efficiënte acculader
Met een efficiëntie tot 95% wordt er tot vier keer minder warmte
gegeneerd in vergelijking met de standaard binnen de industrie.
Wanneer een accu volledig is geladen, wordt het energie verbruik
gereduceerd tot 0,5 Watt.
2.3 Duurzaam, veilig en stil
- Lage thermische belasting op de elektronische
componenten.
- Bescherming tegen binnendringen van stof, water en
chemicaliën.
- Bescherming tegen oververhitting: de laadstroom wordt
gereduceerd als de temperatuur de 60°C nadert maar de
lader zal niet uitvallen.
- De lader is volledig stil: geen koelfan.
2.4 Bescherming tegen omgekeerde polariteit
Bij het aansluiten detecteert de lader direct de spanning en
polariteit. Is de accu verkeerd aangesloten, dan zullen alle status-
LEDs knipperen.
2.5 Start functie voor volledig ontladen accu's
De meeste laders met bescherming tegen omgekeerde polariteit
zullen een volledig ontladen accu niet herkennen en dus ook niet
laden. De Blue Power Charger daarentegen zal een volledig
ontladen accu met een lage stroom proberen te laden en
overschakelen op het normale laadprogramma zodra de
spanning voldoende gestegen is.
2.6 Laden met temperatuur compensatie
De optimale laadspanning van lood accu’s is omgekeerd
evenredig met de temperatuur. De Blue Power Charger meet
tijdens de testfase de omgevingstemperatuur en compenseert
hiervoor tijdens het laadproces. De temperatuur wordt opnieuw
gemeten tijdens float en storage. Speciale instellingen voor een
koude of warme omgeving zijn om deze reden niet nodig.

5
EN NL FR DE ES SE FI
2.7 Adaptive Battery Management (variabele absorptie tijd)
Loodaccu’s worden geladen in drie fasen; [1] ‘bulk’ (laden met
constante stroom), [2] ‘absorption’ (laden met constante
spanning), en [3] ‘float’: (onderhoud of druppelladen).
Een lange absorptie tijd is nodig om een accu volledig te laden en
vroegtijdig falen door sulfatering¹ te voorkomen. De relatief hoge
spanning tijdens absorptie zorgt echter voor veroudering door
corrosie van de positieve accuplaten. Met Adaptive Battery
Management wordt corrosie beperkt door, wanneer mogelijk, de
absorptie tijd te verkorten. Dit is het geval bij een (bijna) volledig
geladen accu.
2.8 Storage mode: minder corrosie op de positieve platen
Zelfs de lagere spanning tijdens float, welke volgt op de absorptie
fase, zal corrosie veroorzaken. Met de storage mode wordt de
spanning nog verder verlaagd en kan de lader permanent op de
accu aangesloten blijven.
2.9 Reconditioning
Een lood accu die niet geheel of gedeeltelijk ontladen blijft
gedurende dagen of weken zal achteruitgaan als gevolg van
sulfatering¹. Sulfatering kan soms deels teruggedraaid worden
door het laden van de accu met een lage stroom en een hogere
spanning: de reconditioning mode.
Opmerkingen:
a) Vlakke plaat VRLA (gel en AGM) accu’s gaan licht gassen (en
verliezen daardoor water) in de reconditioning mode.Het verdiend
daarom aanbeveling om reconditioning slechts incidenteel toe passen
op dit type accu’s.
b) VRLA accu’s met cilindrische cellen bouwen meer interne druk op
tijdens reconditioning en verliezen minder water. Om deze reden
adviseren sommige fabrikanten van accu’s met cilindrische cellen om
reconditioning regelmatig toe te passen.
c) Reconditioning kan worden toegepast op natte accu’s (accu’s met
vloeibaar electrolyt) om de cellen te egaliseren en om stratificatie van
het electrolyt te voorkomen.
d) Sommige fabrikanten van acculaders adviseren pulserend laden om
sulfatering tegen te gaan. De meeste accu experts zijn het echter met
elkaar eens dat er geen bewijs is dat pulserend laden beter werkt dan
laden met verhoogde spanning. Ons eigen onderzoek bevestigd dit.

6
2.10 Lithium-ion (LiFePO₄) accu’s
Li-ion accu’s sulfateren niet en hoeven niet regelmatig volledig
geladen te worden.
Maar Li-ion accu’s zijn erg gevoelig voor een te lage- of te hoge
spanning².
Li-ion accu’s zijn om deze reden vaak voorzien van een
geïntegreerd systeem om de cellen te egaliseren (cell balancing)
en te beschermen tegen een te lage spanning (UVP: Under
Voltage Protection).
Sommige laders met omgekeerde polariteit bescherming zullen
een accu voorzien van UVP niet herkennen.
De Blue Power Charger zal de UVP echter automatisch resetten
en beginnen met laden.
Belangrijke opmerking:
Probeer NOOIT een Li-ion accu te laden als de temperatuur
onder de 0°C is.
2.11 Modus Lage stroom
Sommige loodzuuraccu's kunnen oververhit raken als deze
worden opgeladen met een stroom hoger dan 0,3C (C is de
capaciteit in Ah. Een 12Ah-accu dient bijvoorbeeld niet met een
stroom hoger dan 0,3 x 12 = 4A) te worden opgeladen. De modus
Lage stroom (de laadstroom is hierbij beperkt tot 4A of minder,
zie de technische specificaties) dient daarom te worden gebruikt
voor het opladen van loodzwavelzuuraccu's met een lage
capaciteit.
¹ Voor meer informatie over accu’s raadpleeg het document
‘Energy Unlimited’ (te downloaden van www.victronenergy.com),
of
http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/sulfation_and_how_to_pr
event_it
² Voor meer informatie over Li-ion accu’s raadpleeg
http://www.victronenergy.com/batteries/lithium-battery-12,8v/