Xerox 900 series User manual

XEROX
Technical Information
,
Xerox 900 Series / 9300 MONARCH
Technical Manual
90 06 160 April 1968

701 South Aviation Boulevard
EI Segundo, California90245
213679-4511
Xerox 900 Series/9300 MONARCH
Technicat Manual
90 06 160 April
1968
Price: $3.75
XEROX
Printed in U.S.A.

REVISION
This publication, 90 06 16D, is a revision of the Xerox 900 Series/9300 MONARCH Techni-
cal Manual, 90 06 16C. The only change made in this edition is the restoration of the
description for the MONARCH Loader Routine (Cata log No. 042010-900 Series,
642025-9300) .
NOTICE
The specifications of the software system described in this publication are subject to change
without notice. The availability or performance of some features may depend on a specific
configuration of equipment such as additional tape units or larger memory. Customers should
consult their Xerox sales representative for details.
II

CONTENTS
Catalog No.
900 Series 9300 Page
Introduction
iv
MONARCH Operating System for 900 Series/9300 Computers ,042012 642028 1
MONARCH Control Routine (CONTROL) 042004 642027 3
Type Message Subroutines
(TYPM, TYPOUT)
4
Standard Action Subroutine
for System Routines (GSYSP) 5
MONARCH Message Analysis Tables (TABLES)
042005 642019 14
MONARCH Control Message Input Subroutine (QMSGRD) 042006 642020
17
MONARCH I/O Subroutine Loader (LDIOSR)
042007 642021
19
Card Read Subroutine (CARD)
042031 642030 22
Paper Tape/Typewriter
I/O Subroutine (MTYIO) 042032 642031 23
Magnetic Tape
I/O Subroutine (MAGTP) 042033 642032 24
Line Printer Subroutine
(MPRNT)
042034 642033 26
MONARCH Control Supplementary Action Routines (LDI2) 042030 642034 27
Transfer to
MOf'JARCH Control (TFMONRCH) 042008 642023
39
900 Series RAD MONARCH Generator (SYSGE N)
40
RAD MONARCH Loader ($QSYLDR)
04210D 44
900 Series MONARCH Resident RAD File Management
Routine
(QFMR) 58
MONARCH Bootstrap Loader (BOOTSTRAP)
042009 642024
68
MONARCH Loader ($QSYLDR)
042010 642025 70
MONARCH Update Routine
($UPDATE)
042011 642026 84
Appendix A Control Message Action Subroutines
92
Appendix B Adding New Functions to the MONARCH
Monitor 96
TABLES
Function Code Table
16
Symbol Tab Ie Items and Internal Format of Reference and Definition Items 46
iii

iv
INTRODUCTION
This manual describes the functional characteristics of the programs compris-
ing the MONARCH Monitor. This description is intended to supplement the
MONARCH Reference Manual (SDS Publication No. 900566) and provides in-
formation needed for the mai ntenance and modifi cation of the MO NARC H
Operating System.
All of these programs have been assembled using META-SYMBOL. The recom-
mended means of maki ng changes to one of these programs is by furn ishing sym-
bo ic corrections relative to the current META-SYMBOL I isting of that program
and then reassembling with the symbolic corrections and the current encoded
program as input. A new encoded deck shou Id be requested each time a pro--
gram is reassembled in order to facilitate future changes.
See the description of the MONARCH Update Routine for information relating
to creati ng and updati ng MO NARC H system tapes.

!t ;1 I -1* I SCIENTIFIC DATA SYSTEMS
SDS PROGRAM LIBRARY
PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
Catalog Nos. 042012 (900 Serie
642028 (9300)
IDENTIFICATION: MONARCH FOR 900 SERIES/9300 COMPUTERS
COMPUTER
CONFIGURATION: Any SDS 900 Series/9300 Computer system with at least 8K words of core
storage, console typewriter, and one or more magnetic tapes.
For detai Is,
see MONARCH REFERENCE MANUAL.
PURPOSE:
PROGRAMMING
CONVENTIONS:
MEMORY
REQUIREMENTS:
SUBROUTINES
USED:
To perform automatic execution of a sequence of independent or related pro-
grams without requiring operator intervention.
MONARCH may be assembled using either SYMBOL or META-SYMBOL. It
also uses
no internal PROGRAMMED OPERATORS and it is reloca.table.
At Ieast
8K words of core storage.
MONARCH consists of the following routines:
Catalog No.
Routine Mnemonic 900 Series 9300
l.
MONARCH Control Routine CONTROL 042004 642027
2. MONARCH Message Analysis
TABLES
042005 642019
Tables
3. MONARCH Control Message QMSGRD 042006 642020
Input Subroutine
4. MO
NARC H I/O Subrouti ne
LDIOSR
042007 642021
Loader
5. Card
Read Subroutine
CARD
042031 642030
6. Paper T
ape/T ypewri ter I/O
MTYIO 042032 642031
Subroutine
7. Magnetic Tape
I/O Subrouti ne MAGTP 042033 642032
8.
Line Printer Subroutine
MPRNT
042034 642033
9. MONARCH Supplementary
LDI2
042030 642034
Action Rouri nes

SUBROUTINES
USED:
(cont. )
2
Catalog No.
Routine
Mnemonic
900 Series
10. Transfer to
MONARCH
TFMONRCH 042008
Control
1l.
MO NARCH Bootstrap Loader BOOTSTRAP 042009
12.
MONARCH Loader QSYLDR or 042010
LOAD
13.
MONARCH Update UPDATE 042011
14. FORTRAN
Action Routine FORTACT 042014
15. FORTRAN
Bias
FORTBIAS 042015
16.
ALGOL Action Routine
ALGOLA
042017
*There is no 9300 MONARCH requirement for FORTACTi
thus, 9300 FORTACT
is used as a test program to test
selective I/O handler loading only.
9300
642023
642024
642025
642026
642035*
642036

t ;1 I _1* I SCIENTIPIC DATA SYSTEMS
SDS PROGRAM LIBRARY
PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
042004 (900 Serie!
Catalog Nos. 642027 (9300)
IDENTIFICATION: MONARCH CONTROL ROUTINE (CONTROL)
PURPOSE: Analyze the contents of MONARCH Control messages.
ACTION: The following functions are performed (in the order shown) related to the
processing of MO NARC H Control messages:
CALLING
SEQUENCE:
PROGRAMMING
CONVENTIONS:
MEMORY
REQUIREMENTS:
a. Read the message from the current control-message medium.
b. Analyze the syntax of the control message.
c. Convert any parameters in the control message to the internal representa-
tion appropriate to the parameter and store the parameter values obtained
in specified memory location(s}.
d. Transfer control to the Action Subroutine (processor) corresponding to the
function code in the control message.
If errors are detected during this process, an appropriate error message is
typed out, the message contai ni ng the error is ignored, and the routine at-
tempts to read the next control message from typewriter 1 {on the W buffer
for 900 Series Computers, or on Channel A for the 9300}.·
a. After loading or reloading the MONARCH system:
BRU RDMSG
b. To read the next control message when the MONARCH Monitor is still
in memory (e.g., as would be the case after a control-message error is
reported):
BRU RDMSGR
with a valid unit, channel, and I/O subroutine address in the Unit
Assignment Table for control messages (QMSG).
Relocatable routine. No PROGRAMMED OPERATORS used. Contents of
registers are not preserved.
Approximately 2420
8
or 129610 memory locations.
3

SUBROUTINES
USED:
COMMENTS:
QMSGRD, MTYIO, TYPM
The
MONARCH Message Analysis Tables (TABLES - $CODES, $PARAMS,
and $CHAR) are referred to by this routine.
$CODES is the table of MONARCH symbolic functions.
$PARAMS is the table of MONARCH symbolic parameters.
$CHAR is the table of MONARCH BCD character classifications.
Listing for the Type Message Subroutine (TYPM, TYPOUT) and the Standard
Action Subroutine for System Routines (GSYSP) are included in the MON-
ARCH Control Routine listings.
IDENTIFICATION: TYPE MESSAGE SUBROUTINES (TYPM, TYPOUT)
PURPOSE: To
type (BREAKPOINT 1 or SENSE 1 reset) or print (BREAKPOINT 1 or
SENSE 1 set) control messages and MONARCH error messages, etc., on
typewriter 1 or line printer 1, respectively (on the W buffer for 900 Series
Computers or on Channel A for 9300 Computers). The unit and channel
designations are fixed in the Fi Ie Description Table (TMFDT) for typewri ter
output and in the File Description Table (PRTFDT) for line printer output.
ACTION: Characters are typed, beginning with the leftmost character in the memory
location specified by the Index Register (bits 10 through 23 for 900 Series
Computers, or bits 9 through 23 for 9300 Computers) until:
CALLING
SEQUENCE:
PROGRAMMING
CONVENTIONS:
4
a. A period (SDS code 338) is typed or printed or
b. 72 characters have been typed or printed.
The message text is assumed to be packed 4 characters per word. A carriage
return (SDS code 528) is typed prior to typing the text and after the last
character of text is typed. If the message is output on the line printer, the
printer is upspaced one line prior to printing the message.
BRM TYPM or
BRM TYPOUT
with the origin of the message text in bits 10 through 23 of the Index Register
for 900 Series Computers, or in bits 9 through 23 for 9300 Computers.
Relocatable subroutine· assembled with MONARCH Control Routine. Does
not use PROGRAMMED OPERATORS. The contents of the Index Regi ster are
preserved but the contents of the A and B Registers are modified.

MEMORY
REQUIREMENTS: Approximately 60
S
or 48
10
memory locations.
SUBROUTINES
USED:
MTYIO
COMMENTS: This routine is used by the MONARCH Control Routine to type out or print
control messages obtained from media other than typewriter 1 (on the W
buffer for 900 Series Computers, or on Channe I A for 9300 Computers). It is
used by
the MONARCH Control Routine and MONARCH Action Subroutines
(processors) to type or print error messages and to communicate other informa-
tion to the console operator. ...__--
IDENTIFICATION: STANDARD ACTION SUBROUTINE FOR SYSTEM ROUTINES (::;SYSP)
PURPOSE:
To provide a standard subroutine for controlling the loading of standard system
routines (e.g., assemblers and compilers) from a MONARCH system tape.
ACTION: The following actions are performed in the order indicated:
1. The MONARCH Loader's symbol table is "purged" so that the only entries
in the symbol table are all the external labels defined within the Loader
itself, which includes the following:
a. Ali external definitions for MONARCH Unit Assignment Table (UAT)
entries and, for 900 Series Computers only, the external definitions
for the Business Assignment Table (BAT).
b. An external definition for the Processor Error Switch (QPESW).
c. An external definition for the entry point to the Monitor Bootstrap
Routine
(QBOOT).
d. An external definition for the entry point to the MONARCH Loader
(QSYLDR).
e. An external definition for the entry point to the octal dump routine
(QDUMP).
2. Selective loading of standard input/output subroutines. The contents of
IORELC (bits 0 through 8) are examined to see if any standard I/O sub-
routines are to be loaded to handle input/output functions for the system
routine. If this is the case, LDIOSR is called to load the indicated I/O
subroutines. Bits 9 through 23 of IORELC provide the load relocation
bias for the first I/O subroutine to be loaded.
3. Locating the standard system routine. The system tape "search
'!
sub-
routine (QSRCH) is coiled with instructions to position the system tape
in the record gop following the level 1 MONARCH ID record for that
5

ACTION:
(cont. )
CALLING
SEQUENCE:
PROGRAMMING
CONVENTIONS:
MEMORY
REQUIREMENTS:
SUBROUTINES
USED:
6
4.
system routine or to position the RAD system file at the first word of that
system routine. The address of the search key is obtained from the loca-
tion $OMTE in the MONARCH control routine.
Loading the standard system routine. Control is transferred to the
MONARCH Loader with the load relocation bias (bits 9 through 23 of
IORELC) in the A Register and Loader Option Flags in the B Register.
The Loader Option flags are obtained from location SRLDF in the MON-
ARCH Control Routine. SRLDF is initially set to specify loading with no
planned halts and no symbol
table listing.
BRM GSYSP or BRU GSYSP
with:
(IORELC)O_S =
I/O Function Switches.
(IORELC)9_23 = Load relocation bias for first subprogram of the system
routine.
(OMTE)
(SRLDF)
= Address of a-character program ID. This same ID is
assumed to occur in characters 9 through 16 of the level
1 MONARCH ID record which precedes the system rou-
tine on the system tape, or in words one and two of its
RAD directory entry.
= Loader Option Flags for MONARCH Loader.
Relocatable subroutine. No PROGRAMMED
OPERATORS are used and no
registers are preserved. Assembled with MONARCH Control Routine.
Approximately 50S or 40
10
memory locations.
LDIOSR
SRLDSY
QSRCH
TYPM
QSYLDR (MONARCH Loader)

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS (MONARCH CONTROL ROUTINE)
(a)
a~(b)
(a)~ (b)
QMSG
MTYIO
CADDR
LM
RM
LN
LA
LL
LU
LS
IG
IL
RL
RU
WDTYP
ONR
DNR
SYM
LIT
TY
MT
PR
PP
CR
CP
LP
Contents of a
Store contents of b in location a
Store contents of b indirectly in a
UAT
entry for control messages
Address
of typewriter I/O subroutine
Character address of next control message character
Message left delimiter character
Message right de Ii miter character
Left del imiter of numeric word
Left
delimiter of symbolic word
Left
delimiter of literal word
Universal left delimiter
Leading plus or minus sign
Character is to be ignored
I II ega I c harac rer
Right delimiter for literal
Universal right delimiter
Cell which contains word type code, current word
Word
type code for octa I number
Word type code for decimal number
Word type code for symbol
Wor,d type code for literal'
Typewriter
Magneti c Tape
Photoreader
Paper tape pu nch
Card reader
Card punch
Line Printer
7

8
MONARCH CONTROL ROUTINE
Al~ ____________ ~~
Type the control ......
SlDMSG
Does QMSG «*'tal" _IW ......, chan-
I, and tubtoutlM .w~?
No
QMSG -unit 1, c ..... 10, MTYlO
s
U
I
•
S
U
•
R
Inltlallz ........
Is ...... '"- typewriter I?
Type a carriage return
GETCHR
G.t 1 character from IMIICIge
Input area
I. 1st char. In record an LM ( •. ,., ·A'?11- ....... --.t II IMIIIIQe from typewriter 11
V. ~~::::::::;r~V~.~-----'
S
u
a
R
Is ....... from typewriter I?
No
~
Obtain and claulfy Mkt
word 01 current fWMIIICIIe
Is ,.t ........ worda.~I?
MSGRST
QMSG- unit 1, channel 0, MMO
Is 1st "*tage WOtd a legal function cod. mnemonic? ......... ----- ...
V ..
OMT£ -add,... of ht word of func:tlon cod. entry
PttMMAX - ..... 1IlIUm nuntbef of para .... t."
PRMMIN- mlnllllUm number of paraMeten
ORGPRM - arl,ln of tabl. of para....ter _Iu.
IPf-orl,ln of MONARCH ·'roc...,·IUbr. outlin.
IORAWD-l/O subr ... Iectlons and load reloc:atlon bias
S IADFNC
U
• Type error meuage
R

5
U
•
It
MONARCH CONTROL ROUTINE (cont.)
No
x-typecoM for Cunw'lt word
,COMpUter?
NOTE I
_____ Exit 10 -Proc:_-
Subtautlne (IRU*IPF)
9300
(PIMOIG)-Wlh".af .
• I.,.~ecl.lon·
panIIM"
9OOS. .....
F_ a.oc ..... 24-Wt EC»tVEOO
h_NCtlon for ....... unit and
channel
9

10
s
U
I
I
s
U
I
R
Get Internal chan.
01 ,.,....,
QQIIM
Convert ftUIIIber
to binary
MONARCH CONTROL ROUTINE (cont.)
s
U
•
I
5
U
•
R
SGETWRD
C1~----------~"
5
U
•
I
~
Get IWCt ct.. (C) fl'Ofll
cunwnt ........
x• left dell",lt., cla.lflcatlon code
forC
IC • character cla.mcation code for C
G.t Internal cha-
of number
DEQIN
Convert number to
binary
S
U
•
I
S
U
I
R
GETINT
Get internal chan •
of word
~
Pack chars. of
word
S GETINT
U Get internal
I chars. of
R
word
5
!ill
U
Pack chars. of
I
word
I

MONARCH CONTROL ROUTINE {cont.}
Dl~------------"
s
u
•
R
~
Get next char. (C) from current
~
X .1" .... 1 character cl_lflc:atlon
code for C
~
= ~=
IG IL
Dl A3
Fill u"UMd char. posi-
tiON I" wold ar. with
IfMIC*
11

12
MONARCH CONTROL ROUTINE (cont.)
GETCHR
Extract wold add,... &char. poIltlon
hom (CADDR)
Extract next INII. char. (C) &leaw
rlght;Ultlf1ed In A Register
CADDIt- (CADOI)+1
rACK
Obtain chan. fl"Ol'll WOld area (Itored
1 char./WOId) &.tore thet114 char./
word In ~ry .torage (ACCUM "
ACCUM2)
IADMSG
T~.rror ........ :
"ILLEGAL CONTROL
MESSAGE, MESSAGE
IGNOIED."
NOTE I
Del ... current
.......
IAD"M
we error ".......:
"CONTROL MESSAGE
EllOl, UNDEFINED
SYWOUC rARAMETER.
DECIIN
Convert from 1- to 8-dIQIt decimal
Integer to binary,
.Ingl. precl.ion
OCTiIN
Convert fl"Ol'll 1- to l-dlglt octal
number to binary, ling I. pNClllon
8ADfNC
Twe·
rror
....... :
"CONTROL MESSAGE
ERROR."
NSFPRM
T",. error ......... :
"CONTlOL MESSAGE
Elloa, INSUFFICIENT
rAAAMETElS. "

MONARCH CONTROL ROUTINE (cant.)
S
U
I
R
Bootstrap for paper tape or
magnetic tape?
Abeolut. or
relocataba.?
-.olute
Set up EOM at fli. delcrfp-
t10n tabl. for paper tape
~
Puncho~raF
to paper tape .-clfled
TVPM TVPOUT
Sav. IIWIICIr. origin
I, UEAICPOINT 1 (9300 SENSE 1)_? }- ___________ ~
S
U
•
It
s
U
I
R
no
Type 1 carriage return
Store ".... origin in FII.
o.crlptlon Tabl. (TMFOT+1)
Typetextol ..........
S MTYIO
U
• Type 1 carriage return
It
S
U
I
R
Count number of wOtda In
"..... up to period
Store word count In
fli. delc:rlptlon tabl.
(PRTFOT)
13

IDEN TIFICATION:
PURPOSE:
ACTION:
i4
SCIENTIFIC DATA SYSTEMS
SDS PROGRAM LIBRARY
PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
042005 (900 Series)
Catalog Nos. 642019 (9300)
MONARCH MESSAGE ANALYSIS TABLES (TABLES -$CODES,'!
$PARAMS, $CHAR)
To provide the following tables for use by the MONARCH Control
Routinee
a. Table of MONARCH Control message function codes ($CODES).
Each entry in this table contains (1) the function code mnemonic
for the control message, (2) the address of the processor (Action
Subroutine) for that control message, (3) the minimum and maxi-
mum number of parameters wh ich can be supp lied in the control
message, (4) the address of the memory area in which parameter
values are to be stored, if applicable.
For control message functions which require loading a system rou-
tine from the system tape, the initial load relocation bias and
parameters designati ng input/output functions are a Iso contai ned
in this table.
b. Table of symbolic parameters ($PARAMS). Each entry inthe table
containsa 1-t04-character symbol and a 24-bit binary value for
that symboI.
c. Character classification table ($CHAR). Each entry in this table
corresponds to one of the 64 possible internal character codes.
The position of the tabie entry for a given character, with re-
spect to the origin of the table, is determined by the internal
character code for that character. Each table entry consists of
one word conta in ing:
1. A left delimiter classification code for the character. This
code determines the role that the character plays when it oc-
curs as the leftmost character in a control message word. Oc-
cupies bit positions 12 through 17.
2. An "internal" classification code for the character. This
code determines the role that the character plays when it oc-
curs to the right of the leftmost character in a control mes-
sage word. Occupies bit positions 18 through 23.
None.

CALLING
SEQUENCE:
PROGRAMMING
CONVENTIONS:
MEMORY
REQUIREMENTS:
SUBROUTINES
USED:
Not applicable.
Re locatable subroutine wi th no transfer address in End Record. No PRO-
GRAMMED OPERATORS are used.
Variable, accordi ng to number of function code and symbol ic parameter en-
tries. The current size is approximately 7358 or 47710 locations.
None.
15