ABB Relion 670 series Instructions for use

—
RELION® 670 SERIES
Line differential protection RED670
Version 2.1IEC
Application manual

Document ID: 1MRK 505 343-UEN
Issued: March 2019
Revision: B
Product version: 2.1
© Copyright 2016 ABB. All rights reserved

Copyright
This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written
permission from ABB, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party, nor
used for any unauthorized purpose.
The software and hardware described in this document is furnished under a license and may
be used or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license.
This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL
Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/) This product includes cryptographic software written/
developed by: Eric Young ([email protected]) and Tim Hudson ([email protected]).
Trademarks
ABB and Relion are registered trademarks of the ABB Group. All other brand or product names
mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
holders.
Warranty
Please inquire about the terms of warranty from your nearest ABB representative.

Disclaimer
The data, examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for the concept or product
description and are not to be deemed as a statement of guaranteed properties. All persons
responsible for applying the equipment addressed in this manual must satisfy themselves that
each intended application is suitable and acceptable, including that any applicable safety or
other operational requirements are complied with. In particular, any risks in applications where
a system failure and/or product failure would create a risk for harm to property or persons
(including but not limited to personal injuries or death) shall be the sole responsibility of the
person or entity applying the equipment, and those so responsible are hereby requested to
ensure that all measures are taken to exclude or mitigate such risks.
This document has been carefully checked by ABB but deviations cannot be completely ruled
out. In case any errors are detected, the reader is kindly requested to notify the manufacturer.
Other than under explicit contractual commitments, in no event shall ABB be responsible or
liable for any loss or damage resulting from the use of this manual or the application of the
equipment.

Conformity
This product complies with the directive of the Council of the European Communities on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility
(EMC Directive 2004/108/EC) and concerning electrical equipment for use within specified
voltage limits (Low-voltage directive 2006/95/EC). This conformity is the result of tests
conducted by ABB in accordance with the product standard EN 60255-26 for the EMC directive,
and with the product standards EN 60255-1 and EN 60255-27 for the low voltage directive. The
product is designed in accordance with the international standards of the IEC 60255 series.

Table of contents
Section 1 Introduction.......................................................................................................23
1.1 This manual....................................................................................................................................... 23
1.2 Intended audience........................................................................................................................... 23
1.3 Product documentation................................................................................................................. 24
1.3.1 Product documentation set...................................................................................................... 24
1.3.2 Document revision history.........................................................................................................25
1.3.3 Related documents..................................................................................................................... 25
1.4 Document symbols and conventions...........................................................................................26
1.4.1 Symbols......................................................................................................................................... 26
1.4.2 Document conventions...............................................................................................................27
1.5 IEC61850 edition 1 / edition 2 mapping...................................................................................... 27
Section 2 Application........................................................................................................ 35
2.1 General IED application.................................................................................................................. 35
2.2 Main protection functions............................................................................................................. 36
2.3 Back-up protection functions....................................................................................................... 38
2.4 Control and monitoring functions............................................................................................... 40
2.5 Communication................................................................................................................................44
2.6 Basic IED functions..........................................................................................................................47
Section 3 Configuration....................................................................................................49
3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................49
3.2 Description of configuration RED670......................................................................................... 50
3.2.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................50
3.2.1.1 Description of configuration A31..........................................................................................50
3.2.1.2 Description of configuration A32..........................................................................................51
3.2.1.3 Description of configuration B31..........................................................................................53
3.2.1.4 Description of configuration B32..........................................................................................55
Section 4 Analog inputs.................................................................................................... 59
4.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 59
4.2 Setting guidelines............................................................................................................................59
4.2.1 Setting of the phase reference channel..................................................................................59
4.2.1.1 Example......................................................................................................................................60
4.2.2 Setting of current channels.......................................................................................................60
4.2.2.1 Example 1...................................................................................................................................60
4.2.2.2 Example 2................................................................................................................................... 61
4.2.2.3 Example 3...................................................................................................................................62
4.2.2.4 Examples on how to connect, configure and set CT inputs for most commonly
used CT connections............................................................................................................... 66
4.2.2.5 Example on how to connect a star connected three-phase CT set to the IED............ 67
4.2.2.6 Example how to connect delta connected three-phase CT set to the IED...................70
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4.2.2.7 Example how to connect single-phase CT to the IED....................................................... 72
4.2.3 Relationships between setting parameter Base Current, CT rated primary
current and minimum pickup of a protection IED................................................................ 73
4.2.4 Setting of voltage channels.......................................................................................................74
4.2.4.1 Example......................................................................................................................................74
4.2.4.2 Examples how to connect, configure and set VT inputs for most commonly
used VT connections............................................................................................................... 74
4.2.4.3 Examples on how to connect a three phase-to-earth connected VT to the IED..........75
4.2.4.4 Example on how to connect a phase-to-phase connected VT to the IED..................... 77
4.2.4.5 Example on how to connect an open delta VT to the IED for high impedance
earthed or unearthed netwoeks............................................................................................79
4.2.4.6 Example how to connect the open delta VT to the IED for low impedance
earthed or solidly earthed power systems......................................................................... 80
4.2.4.7 Example on how to connect a neutral point VT to the IED.............................................. 82
Section 5 Local HMI........................................................................................................... 85
5.1 Display................................................................................................................................................86
5.2 LEDs.................................................................................................................................................... 87
5.3 Keypad............................................................................................................................................... 88
5.4 Local HMI functionality...................................................................................................................90
5.4.1 Protection and alarm indication.............................................................................................. 90
5.4.2 Parameter management ........................................................................................................... 91
5.4.3 Front communication................................................................................................................. 91
Section 6 Differential protection.....................................................................................93
6.1 High impedance differential protection, single phase HZPDIF .............................................93
6.1.1 Identification................................................................................................................................93
6.1.2 Application....................................................................................................................................93
6.1.2.1 The basics of the high impedance principle.......................................................................94
6.1.3 Connection examples for high impedance differential protection.................................. 99
6.1.3.1 Connections for three-phase high impedance differential protection........................ 99
6.1.3.2 Connections for 1Ph High impedance differential protection HZPDIF.......................100
6.1.4 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................101
6.1.4.1 Configuration.......................................................................................................................... 101
6.1.4.2 Settings of protection function...........................................................................................101
6.1.4.3 T-feeder protection................................................................................................................101
6.1.4.4 Tertiary reactor protection.................................................................................................. 103
6.1.4.5 Restricted earth fault protection........................................................................................105
6.1.4.6 Alarm level operation.............................................................................................................107
6.2 Low impedance restricted earth fault protection REFPDIF ................................................. 108
6.2.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................108
6.2.2 Application..................................................................................................................................108
6.2.2.1 Transformer winding, solidly earthed................................................................................109
6.2.2.2 Transformer winding, earthed through zig-zag earthing transformer....................... 110
6.2.2.3 Autotransformer winding, solidly earthed........................................................................ 110
6.2.2.4 Reactor winding, solidly earthed......................................................................................... 111
6.2.2.5 Multi-breaker applications....................................................................................................112
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6.2.2.6 CT earthing direction............................................................................................................. 113
6.2.3 Setting guidelines...................................................................................................................... 113
6.2.3.1 Setting and configuration.....................................................................................................113
6.2.3.2 Settings.................................................................................................................................... 114
6.3 Line differential protection.......................................................................................................... 115
6.3.1 Identification...............................................................................................................................115
6.3.2 Application.................................................................................................................................. 115
6.3.2.1 Power transformers in the protected zone.......................................................................116
6.3.2.2 Small power transformers in a tap......................................................................................117
6.3.2.3 Charging current compensation..........................................................................................117
6.3.2.4 Time synchronization.............................................................................................................119
6.3.2.5 Analog signal communication for line differential protection...................................... 119
6.3.2.6 Configuration of analog signals..........................................................................................120
6.3.2.7 Configuration of LDCM output signals.............................................................................. 121
6.3.2.8 Open CT detection................................................................................................................. 122
6.3.3 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................123
6.3.3.1 General settings......................................................................................................................123
6.3.3.2 Percentage restrained differential operation.................................................................. 124
6.3.3.3 The 2nd and 5th harmonic analysis.....................................................................................127
6.3.3.4 Internal/external fault discriminator................................................................................. 128
6.3.3.5 Power transformer in the protected zone.........................................................................129
6.3.3.6 Settings examples..................................................................................................................133
6.4 Additional security logic for differential protection LDRGFC .............................................. 141
6.4.1 Identification.............................................................................................................................. 141
6.4.2 Application.................................................................................................................................. 141
6.4.3 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................142
Section 7 Impedance protection....................................................................................145
7.1 Distance measuring zone, quadrilateral characteristic for series compensated
lines ZMCPDIS, ZMCAPDIS, ZDSRDIR......................................................................................... 145
7.1.1 Identification.............................................................................................................................. 145
7.1.2 Application..................................................................................................................................145
7.1.2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 145
7.1.2.2 System earthing..................................................................................................................... 145
7.1.2.3 Fault infeed from remote end..............................................................................................147
7.1.2.4 Load encroachment...............................................................................................................148
7.1.2.5 Long transmission line application.................................................................................... 148
7.1.2.6 Parallel line application with mutual coupling................................................................. 149
7.1.2.7 Tapped line application.........................................................................................................155
7.1.2.8 Series compensation in power systems............................................................................ 157
7.1.2.9 Challenges in protection of series compensated and adjacent power lines............. 163
7.1.2.10 Impact of series compensation on protective IED of adjacent lines........................... 172
7.1.2.11 Distance protection............................................................................................................... 174
7.1.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 180
7.1.3.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 180
7.1.3.2 Setting of zone1......................................................................................................................180
7.1.3.3 Setting of overreaching zone.............................................................................................. 180
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7.1.3.4 Setting of reverse zone..........................................................................................................181
7.1.3.5 Series compensated and adjacent lines............................................................................ 181
7.1.3.6 Setting of zones for parallel line application....................................................................185
7.1.3.7 Setting of reach in resistive direction................................................................................ 187
7.1.3.8 Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function............................. 187
7.1.3.9 Load impedance limitation, with load encroachment function activated................. 189
7.1.3.10 Setting of minimum operating currents........................................................................... 189
7.1.3.11 Setting of timers for distance protection zones............................................................. 189
7.2 Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with fixed angle FDPSPDIS......................... 190
7.2.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................190
7.2.1.1 Identification...........................................................................................................................190
7.2.2 Application..................................................................................................................................190
7.2.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 190
7.2.3.1 Load encroachment characteristics...................................................................................190
7.2.3.2 Resistive reach with load encroachment characteristic................................................ 196
7.2.3.3 Minimum operate currents.................................................................................................. 196
7.3 Distance measuring zones, quadrilateral characteristic ZMQPDIS,
ZMQAPDIS, ZDRDIR........................................................................................................................197
7.3.1 Identification.............................................................................................................................. 197
7.3.2 Application.................................................................................................................................. 197
7.3.2.1 System earthing......................................................................................................................197
7.3.2.2 Fault infeed from remote end.............................................................................................200
7.3.2.3 Load encroachment...............................................................................................................201
7.3.2.4 Short line application............................................................................................................ 202
7.3.2.5 Long transmission line application....................................................................................202
7.3.2.6 Parallel line application with mutual coupling................................................................. 203
7.3.2.7 Tapped line application........................................................................................................ 209
7.3.3 Setting guidelines...................................................................................................................... 211
7.3.3.1 General...................................................................................................................................... 211
7.3.3.2 Setting of zone 1..................................................................................................................... 211
7.3.3.3 Setting of overreaching zone............................................................................................... 211
7.3.3.4 Setting of reverse zone..........................................................................................................212
7.3.3.5 Setting of zones for parallel line application.................................................................... 213
7.3.3.6 Setting of reach in resistive direction................................................................................214
7.3.3.7 Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function............................. 214
7.3.3.8 Load impedance limitation, with Phase selection with load encroachment,
quadrilateral characteristic function activated .............................................................. 216
7.3.3.9 Setting of minimum operating currents........................................................................... 216
7.3.3.10 Directional impedance element for quadrilateral characteristics................................216
7.3.3.11 Setting of timers for distance protection zones............................................................. 218
7.4 Full-scheme distance measuring, Mho characteristic ZMHPDIS ......................................... 219
7.4.1 Identification.............................................................................................................................. 219
7.4.2 Application.................................................................................................................................. 219
7.4.2.1 Functionality............................................................................................................................219
7.4.2.2 System earthing......................................................................................................................219
7.4.2.3 Fault infeed from remote end..............................................................................................222
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7.4.2.4 Load encroachment............................................................................................................... 223
7.4.2.5 Short line application............................................................................................................ 224
7.4.2.6 Long transmission line application.................................................................................... 225
7.4.2.7 Parallel line application with mutual coupling..................................................................225
7.4.2.8 Tapped line application........................................................................................................ 229
7.4.3 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................231
7.4.3.1 General......................................................................................................................................231
7.4.3.2 Setting of zone 1.....................................................................................................................232
7.4.3.3 Setting of zone 2.....................................................................................................................232
7.4.3.4 Setting of zone 3.....................................................................................................................232
7.4.3.5 Setting of overreaching zone...............................................................................................232
7.4.3.6 Setting of reverse zone......................................................................................................... 233
7.4.3.7 Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function............................. 239
7.4.3.8 Load impedance limitation, with load encroachment function activated.................240
7.4.3.9 Setting of minimum operate currents.............................................................................. 240
7.4.3.10 Setting of directional mode................................................................................................. 241
7.4.3.11 Setting of direction for offset mho.................................................................................... 241
7.4.3.12 Setting of timers for distance protection zones............................................................. 241
7.5 Full-scheme distance protection, quadrilateral for earth faults ZMMPDIS, ZMMAPDIS. 242
7.5.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................242
7.5.2 Application..................................................................................................................................242
7.5.2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 242
7.5.2.2 System earthing..................................................................................................................... 242
7.5.2.3 Fault infeed from remote end............................................................................................. 245
7.5.2.4 Load encroachment...............................................................................................................246
7.5.2.5 Short line application............................................................................................................ 247
7.5.2.6 Long transmission line application.................................................................................... 247
7.5.2.7 Parallel line application with mutual coupling................................................................. 248
7.5.2.8 Tapped line application........................................................................................................ 253
7.5.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 255
7.5.3.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 255
7.5.3.2 Setting of zone1......................................................................................................................255
7.5.3.3 Setting of overreaching zone.............................................................................................. 255
7.5.3.4 Setting of reverse zone.........................................................................................................256
7.5.3.5 Setting of zones for parallel line application....................................................................256
7.5.3.6 Setting of reach in resistive direction............................................................................... 258
7.5.3.7 Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function.............................258
7.5.3.8 Load impedance limitation, with load encroachment function activated................. 259
7.5.3.9 Setting of minimum operating currents........................................................................... 259
7.5.3.10 Setting of timers for distance protection zones.............................................................260
7.6 Additional distance protection directional function for earth faults ZDARDIR................260
7.6.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................260
7.6.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 260
7.6.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 260
7.7 Mho impedance supervision logic ZSMGAPC...........................................................................262
7.7.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................262
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7.7.2 Application..................................................................................................................................262
7.7.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 263
7.8 Faulty phase identification with load encroachment FMPSPDIS.........................................263
7.8.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................263
7.8.2 Application..................................................................................................................................263
7.8.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 264
7.8.3.1 Load encroachment...............................................................................................................265
7.9 Distance protection zone, quadrilateral characteristic, separate settings ZMRPDIS,
ZMRAPDIS and ZDRDIR.................................................................................................................266
7.9.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................266
7.9.2 Application..................................................................................................................................266
7.9.2.1 System earthing..................................................................................................................... 267
7.9.2.2 Fault infeed from remote end............................................................................................. 269
7.9.2.3 Load encroachment...............................................................................................................270
7.9.2.4 Short line application.............................................................................................................271
7.9.2.5 Long transmission line application.................................................................................... 272
7.9.2.6 Parallel line application with mutual coupling..................................................................272
7.9.2.7 Tapped line application.........................................................................................................277
7.9.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 279
7.9.3.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 279
7.9.3.2 Setting of zone 1.....................................................................................................................279
7.9.3.3 Setting of overreaching zone...............................................................................................279
7.9.3.4 Setting of reverse zone.........................................................................................................280
7.9.3.5 Setting of zones for parallel line application.................................................................... 281
7.9.3.6 Setting of reach in resistive direction................................................................................282
7.9.3.7 Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function............................. 282
7.9.3.8 Load impedance limitation, with Phase selection with load encroachment,
quadrilateral characteristic function activated ..............................................................284
7.9.3.9 Setting of minimum operating currents........................................................................... 284
7.9.3.10 Setting of timers for distance protection zones.............................................................284
7.10 Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with settable angle FRPSPDIS....................285
7.10.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................285
7.10.2 Application..................................................................................................................................285
7.10.3 Load encroachment characteristics......................................................................................289
7.10.3.1 Phase-to-earth fault in forward direction.........................................................................290
7.10.3.2 Phase-to-earth fault in reverse direction.......................................................................... 291
7.10.3.3 Phase-to-phase fault in forward direction........................................................................292
7.10.4 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 293
7.10.4.1 Resistive reach with load encroachment characteristic................................................ 293
7.10.4.2 Minimum operate currents.................................................................................................. 294
7.11 Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with fixed angle FDPSPDIS......................... 295
7.11.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................295
7.11.1.1 Identification.......................................................................................................................... 295
7.11.2 Application..................................................................................................................................295
7.11.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 295
7.11.3.1 Load encroachment characteristics...................................................................................295
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7.11.3.2 Resistive reach with load encroachment characteristic................................................ 301
7.11.3.3 Minimum operate currents...................................................................................................301
7.12 High speed distance protection ZMFPDIS............................................................................... 302
7.12.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................302
7.12.2 Application..................................................................................................................................302
7.12.2.1 System earthing..................................................................................................................... 302
7.12.2.2 Fault infeed from remote end............................................................................................. 305
7.12.2.3 Load encroachment.............................................................................................................. 306
7.12.2.4 Short line application............................................................................................................306
7.12.2.5 Long transmission line application....................................................................................307
7.12.2.6 Parallel line application with mutual coupling................................................................. 307
7.12.2.7 Tapped line application.........................................................................................................313
7.12.3 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................315
7.12.3.1 General......................................................................................................................................315
7.12.3.2 Setting of zone 1..................................................................................................................... 315
7.12.3.3 Setting of overreaching zone...............................................................................................315
7.12.3.4 Setting of reverse zone......................................................................................................... 316
7.12.3.5 Setting of zones for parallel line application.................................................................... 317
7.12.3.6 Setting the reach with respect to load.............................................................................. 318
7.12.3.7 Zone reach setting lower than minimum load impedance............................................ 319
7.12.3.8 Zone reach setting higher than minimum load impedance.......................................... 320
7.12.3.9 Other settings......................................................................................................................... 321
7.13 High speed distance protection for series compensated lines ZMFCPDIS ...................... 324
7.13.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................324
7.13.2 Application..................................................................................................................................324
7.13.2.1 System earthing..................................................................................................................... 324
7.13.2.2 Fault infeed from remote end............................................................................................. 326
7.13.2.3 Load encroachment............................................................................................................... 327
7.13.2.4 Short line application............................................................................................................ 328
7.13.2.5 Long transmission line application.................................................................................... 328
7.13.2.6 Parallel line application with mutual coupling................................................................. 329
7.13.2.7 Tapped line application........................................................................................................ 335
7.13.3 Series compensation in power systems............................................................................... 337
7.13.3.1 Steady state voltage regulation and increase of voltage collapse limit..................... 337
7.13.3.2 Increase in power transfer................................................................................................... 338
7.13.3.3 Voltage and current inversion............................................................................................. 339
7.13.3.4 Impact of series compensation on protective IED of adjacent lines.......................... 345
7.13.3.5 Distance protection...............................................................................................................347
7.13.3.6 Underreaching and overreaching schemes...................................................................... 347
7.13.4 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 353
7.13.4.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 353
7.13.4.2 Setting of zone 1.....................................................................................................................353
7.13.4.3 Setting of overreaching zone.............................................................................................. 353
7.13.4.4 Setting of reverse zone.........................................................................................................354
7.13.4.5 Series compensated and adjacent lines............................................................................354
7.13.4.6 Setting of zones for parallel line application....................................................................358
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7.13.4.7 Setting of reach in resistive direction............................................................................... 359
7.13.4.8 Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function.............................360
7.13.4.9 Zone reach setting higher than minimum load impedance.......................................... 361
7.13.4.10 Parameter setting guidelines.............................................................................................. 362
7.14 Power swing detection ZMRPSB ............................................................................................... 364
7.14.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................364
7.14.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 364
7.14.2.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 364
7.14.2.2 Basic characteristics............................................................................................................. 365
7.14.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 365
7.15 Power swing logic PSLPSCH ........................................................................................................371
7.15.1 Identification.............................................................................................................................. 371
7.15.2 Application.................................................................................................................................. 371
7.15.3 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................373
7.15.3.1 Scheme communication and tripping for faults occurring during power
swinging over the protected line........................................................................................ 373
7.15.3.2 Blocking and tripping logic for evolving power swings................................................. 376
7.16 Pole slip protection PSPPPAM ....................................................................................................378
7.16.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................378
7.16.2 Application..................................................................................................................................378
7.16.3 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................381
7.16.3.1 Setting example for line application.................................................................................. 382
7.16.3.2 Setting example for generator application...................................................................... 385
7.17 Out-of-step protection OOSPPAM ............................................................................................389
7.17.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................389
7.17.2 Application..................................................................................................................................389
7.17.3 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................391
7.18 Automatic switch onto fault logic ZCVPSOF .......................................................................... 394
7.18.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................394
7.18.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 394
7.18.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 395
7.19 Phase preference logic PPLPHIZ.................................................................................................396
7.19.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................396
7.19.2 Application..................................................................................................................................396
7.19.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 399
Section 8 Current protection......................................................................................... 401
8.1 Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection PHPIOC ..........................................................401
8.1.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................401
8.1.2 Application..................................................................................................................................401
8.1.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 401
8.1.3.1 Meshed network without parallel line............................................................................... 402
8.1.3.2 Meshed network with parallel line..................................................................................... 404
8.2 Four step phase overcurrent protection OC4PTOC...............................................................405
8.2.1 Identification............................................................................................................................. 405
8.2.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 405
8.2.3 Setting guidelines.....................................................................................................................406
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8.2.3.1 Settings for each step.......................................................................................................... 407
8.2.3.2 2nd harmonic restrain...........................................................................................................410
8.3 Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection EFPIOC .......................................................414
8.3.1 Identification.............................................................................................................................. 415
8.3.2 Application..................................................................................................................................415
8.3.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 415
8.4 Four step residual overcurrent protection, (Zero sequence or negative sequence
directionality) EF4PTOC .............................................................................................................. 417
8.4.1 Identification.............................................................................................................................. 417
8.4.2 Application.................................................................................................................................. 417
8.4.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 419
8.4.3.1 Settings for each step (x = 1, 2, 3 and 4)............................................................................419
8.4.3.2 Common settings for all steps............................................................................................ 421
8.4.3.3 2nd harmonic restrain........................................................................................................... 422
8.4.3.4 Parallel transformer inrush current logic.......................................................................... 422
8.4.3.5 Switch onto fault logic.......................................................................................................... 423
8.4.3.6 Line application example..................................................................................................... 424
8.5 Four step directional negative phase sequence overcurrent protection NS4PTOC .......428
8.5.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................428
8.5.2 Application..................................................................................................................................428
8.5.3 Setting guidelines.....................................................................................................................430
8.5.3.1 Settings for each step ......................................................................................................... 430
8.5.3.2 Common settings for all steps............................................................................................432
8.6 Sensitive directional residual overcurrent and power protection SDEPSDE ....................433
8.6.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................433
8.6.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 434
8.6.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 435
8.7 Thermal overload protection, one time constant, Celsius/Fahrenheit
LCPTTR/LFPTTR.............................................................................................................................442
8.7.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................442
8.7.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 442
8.7.3 Setting guideline....................................................................................................................... 443
8.8 Breaker failure protection CCRBRF............................................................................................444
8.8.1 Identification............................................................................................................................. 444
8.8.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 444
8.8.3 Setting guidelines.....................................................................................................................444
8.9 Stub protection STBPTOC .......................................................................................................... 447
8.9.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................447
8.9.2 Application..................................................................................................................................447
8.9.3 Setting guidelines.....................................................................................................................448
8.10 Pole discordance protection CCPDSC.......................................................................................448
8.10.1 Identification............................................................................................................................. 449
8.10.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 449
8.10.3 Setting guidelines.....................................................................................................................449
8.11 Directional underpower protection GUPPDUP........................................................................450
8.11.1 Identification............................................................................................................................. 450
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8.11.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 450
8.11.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 452
8.12 Directional overpower protection GOPPDOP ......................................................................... 455
8.12.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................455
8.12.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 455
8.12.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 457
8.13 Broken conductor check BRCPTOC .......................................................................................... 460
8.13.1 Identification............................................................................................................................. 460
8.13.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 460
8.13.3 Setting guidelines.....................................................................................................................460
8.14 Voltage-restrained time overcurrent protection VRPVOC.................................................... 461
8.14.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................461
8.14.2 Application..................................................................................................................................461
8.14.2.1 Base quantities....................................................................................................................... 461
8.14.2.2 Application possibilities.......................................................................................................462
8.14.2.3 Undervoltage seal-in............................................................................................................. 462
8.14.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 462
8.14.3.1 Explanation of the setting parameters............................................................................. 463
8.14.3.2 Voltage-restrained overcurrent protection for generator and step-up
transformer.............................................................................................................................463
8.14.3.3 Overcurrent protection with undervoltage seal-in......................................................... 464
Section 9 Voltage protection.........................................................................................467
9.1 Two step undervoltage protection UV2PTUV ......................................................................... 467
9.1.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................467
9.1.2 Application..................................................................................................................................467
9.1.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 467
9.1.3.1 Equipment protection, such as for motors and generators.........................................468
9.1.3.2 Disconnected equipment detection.................................................................................. 468
9.1.3.3 Power supply quality ............................................................................................................ 468
9.1.3.4 Voltage instability mitigation............................................................................................. 468
9.1.3.5 Backup protection for power system faults.................................................................... 468
9.1.3.6 Settings for Two step undervoltage protection............................................................. 468
9.2 Two step overvoltage protection OV2PTOV ........................................................................... 470
9.2.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................470
9.2.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 470
9.2.3 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................471
9.2.3.1 Equipment protection, such as for motors, generators, reactors and
transformers........................................................................................................................... 471
9.2.3.2 Equipment protection, capacitors......................................................................................471
9.2.3.3 Power supply quality..............................................................................................................471
9.2.3.4 High impedance earthed systems......................................................................................472
9.2.3.5 The following settings can be done for the two step overvoltage protection......... 472
9.3 Two step residual overvoltage protection ROV2PTOV ......................................................... 473
9.3.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................473
9.3.2 Application..................................................................................................................................473
9.3.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 474
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9.3.3.1 Equipment protection, such as for motors, generators, reactors and
transformers...........................................................................................................................474
9.3.3.2 Equipment protection, capacitors..................................................................................... 474
9.3.3.3 Power supply quality............................................................................................................. 474
9.3.3.4 High impedance earthed systems......................................................................................474
9.3.3.5 Direct earthed system...........................................................................................................475
9.3.3.6 Settings for Two step residual overvoltage protection.................................................476
9.4 Overexcitation protection OEXPVPH ........................................................................................478
9.4.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................478
9.4.2 Application..................................................................................................................................478
9.4.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 479
9.4.3.1 Recommendations for input and output signals............................................................ 479
9.4.3.2 Settings................................................................................................................................... 480
9.4.3.3 Service value report............................................................................................................... 481
9.4.3.4 Setting example......................................................................................................................481
9.5 Voltage differential protection VDCPTOV ............................................................................... 482
9.5.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................482
9.5.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 483
9.5.3 Setting guidelines.....................................................................................................................484
9.6 Loss of voltage check LOVPTUV ................................................................................................485
9.6.1 Identification............................................................................................................................. 485
9.6.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 485
9.6.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 485
9.6.3.1 Advanced users settings......................................................................................................486
9.7 Radial feeder protection PAPGAPC............................................................................................486
9.7.1 Identification............................................................................................................................. 486
9.7.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 486
9.7.3 Setting guidelines.....................................................................................................................486
Section 10 Frequency protection.................................................................................... 489
10.1 Underfrequency protection SAPTUF ........................................................................................ 489
10.1.1 Identification............................................................................................................................. 489
10.1.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 489
10.1.3 Setting guidelines.....................................................................................................................489
10.2 Overfrequency protection SAPTOF .......................................................................................... 490
10.2.1 Identification............................................................................................................................. 490
10.2.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 490
10.2.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 491
10.3 Rate-of-change frequency protection SAPFRC .......................................................................491
10.3.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................491
10.3.2 Application..................................................................................................................................491
10.3.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 492
Section 11 Multipurpose protection............................................................................... 493
11.1 General current and voltage protection CVGAPC................................................................... 493
11.1.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................493
11.1.2 Application................................................................................................................................. 493
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11.1.2.1 Current and voltage selection for CVGAPC function......................................................494
11.1.2.2 Base quantities for CVGAPC function............................................................................... 496
11.1.2.3 Application possibilities.......................................................................................................496
11.1.2.4 Inadvertent generator energization...................................................................................497
11.1.3 Setting guidelines.....................................................................................................................498
11.1.3.1 Directional negative sequence overcurrent protection.................................................498
11.1.3.2 Negative sequence overcurrent protection..................................................................... 499
11.1.3.3 Generator stator overload protection in accordance with IEC or ANSI standards.. 501
11.1.3.4 Open phase protection for transformer, lines or generators and circuit
breaker head flashover protection for generators......................................................... 503
11.1.3.5 Voltage restrained overcurrent protection for generator and step-up
transformer.............................................................................................................................504
11.1.3.6 Loss of excitation protection for a generator................................................................. 504
Section 12 System protection and control.....................................................................507
12.1 Multipurpose filter SMAIHPAC.................................................................................................... 507
12.1.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................507
12.1.2 Application..................................................................................................................................507
12.1.3 Setting guidelines.....................................................................................................................508
12.1.3.1 Setting example..................................................................................................................... 508
Section 13 Secondary system supervision......................................................................511
13.1 Current circuit supervision CCSSPVC.........................................................................................511
13.1.1 Identification...............................................................................................................................511
13.1.2 Application.................................................................................................................................. 511
13.1.3 Setting guidelines...................................................................................................................... 511
13.2 Fuse failure supervision FUFSPVC.............................................................................................. 512
13.2.1 Identification.............................................................................................................................. 512
13.2.2 Application.................................................................................................................................. 512
13.2.3 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................513
13.2.3.1 General......................................................................................................................................513
13.2.3.2 Setting of common parameters.......................................................................................... 513
13.2.3.3 Negative sequence based.....................................................................................................513
13.2.3.4 Zero sequence based............................................................................................................ 514
13.2.3.5 Delta U and delta I ................................................................................................................. 515
13.2.3.6 Dead line detection................................................................................................................ 515
13.3 Fuse failure supervision VDSPVC................................................................................................ 515
13.3.1 Identification.............................................................................................................................. 515
13.3.2 Application.................................................................................................................................. 515
13.3.3 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................516
Section 14 Control............................................................................................................. 519
14.1 Synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing SESRSYN............................................ 519
14.1.1 Identification.............................................................................................................................. 519
14.1.2 Application..................................................................................................................................519
14.1.2.1 Synchronizing..........................................................................................................................519
14.1.2.2 Synchrocheck..........................................................................................................................520
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14.1.2.3 Energizing check.....................................................................................................................522
14.1.2.4 Voltage selection....................................................................................................................522
14.1.2.5 External fuse failure...............................................................................................................523
14.1.3 Application examples............................................................................................................... 524
14.1.3.1 Single circuit breaker with single busbar..........................................................................524
14.1.3.2 Single circuit breaker with double busbar, external voltage selection....................... 525
14.1.3.3 Single circuit breaker with double busbar, internal voltage selection........................525
14.1.3.4 Double circuit breaker...........................................................................................................526
14.1.3.5 1 1/2 circuit breaker............................................................................................................... 526
14.1.4 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 528
14.2 Autorecloser for 1 phase, 2 phase and/or 3 phase operation SMBRREC ...........................532
14.2.1 Identification..............................................................................................................................532
14.2.2 Application..................................................................................................................................533
14.2.2.1 Auto-reclosing operation OFF and ON.............................................................................. 535
14.2.2.2 Start auto-reclosing and conditions for start of a reclosing cycle.............................. 536
14.2.2.3 Start auto-reclosing from CB open information............................................................. 536
14.2.2.4 Blocking of the autorecloser................................................................................................536
14.2.2.5 Control of the auto-reclosing open time for shot 1........................................................ 536
14.2.2.6 Long trip signal.......................................................................................................................537
14.2.2.7 Maximum number of reclosing shots................................................................................ 537
14.2.2.8 ARMode = 3ph, (normal setting for a single 3 phase shot)..............................................537
14.2.2.9 ARMode = 1/2/3ph ................................................................................................................... 537
14.2.2.10 ARMode = 1/2ph , 1-phase or 2-phase reclosing in the first shot................................... 538
14.2.2.11 ARMode =1ph + 1*2ph, 1-phase or 2-phase reclosing in the first shot......................... 538
14.2.2.12 ARMode=1/2ph + 1*3ph, 1-phase, 2-phase or 3-phase reclosing in the first shot.... 538
14.2.2.13 ARMode =1ph + 1*2/3ph, 1-phase, 2-phase or 3-phase reclosing in the first shot.... 538
14.2.2.14 External selection of auto-reclose mode.......................................................................... 539
14.2.2.15 Reclosing reclaim timer........................................................................................................ 539
14.2.2.16 Pulsing of the CB closing command and Counter.......................................................... 540
14.2.2.17 Transient fault........................................................................................................................540
14.2.2.18 Permanent fault and reclosing unsuccessful signal.......................................................540
14.2.2.19 Lock-out initiation.................................................................................................................540
14.2.2.20 Evolving fault...........................................................................................................................541
14.2.2.21 Automatic continuation of the reclosing sequence .......................................................542
14.2.2.22 Thermal overload protection holding the auto-reclosing function back .................. 542
14.2.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 542
14.2.3.1 Configuration..........................................................................................................................542
14.2.3.2 Auto-recloser parameter settings...................................................................................... 547
14.3 Apparatus control APC................................................................................................................. 550
14.3.1 Application................................................................................................................................. 550
14.3.1.1 Bay control (QCBAY)..............................................................................................................553
14.3.1.2 Switch controller (SCSWI).................................................................................................... 554
14.3.1.3 Switches (SXCBR/SXSWI).....................................................................................................555
14.3.1.4 Reservation function (QCRSV and RESIN).........................................................................555
14.3.2 Interaction between modules.................................................................................................557
14.3.3 Setting guidelines..................................................................................................................... 558
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14.3.3.1 Bay control (QCBAY)..............................................................................................................558
14.3.3.2 Switch controller (SCSWI).................................................................................................... 559
14.3.3.3 Switch (SXCBR/SXSWI).........................................................................................................560
14.3.3.4 Bay Reserve (QCRSV).............................................................................................................560
14.3.3.5 Reservation input (RESIN)....................................................................................................560
14.4 Interlocking ....................................................................................................................................560
14.4.1 Configuration guidelines......................................................................................................... 561
14.4.2 Interlocking for line bay ABC_LINE ........................................................................................561
14.4.2.1 Application.............................................................................................................................. 562
14.4.2.2 Signals from bypass busbar................................................................................................ 562
14.4.2.3 Signals from bus-coupler..................................................................................................... 563
14.4.2.4 Configuration setting........................................................................................................... 565
14.4.3 Interlocking for bus-coupler bay ABC_BC ........................................................................... 566
14.4.3.1 Application.............................................................................................................................. 566
14.4.3.2 Configuration..........................................................................................................................567
14.4.3.3 Signals from all feeders........................................................................................................ 567
14.4.3.4 Signals from bus-coupler..................................................................................................... 569
14.4.3.5 Configuration setting........................................................................................................... 570
14.4.4 Interlocking for transformer bay AB_TRAFO .......................................................................571
14.4.4.1 Application...............................................................................................................................571
14.4.4.2 Signals from bus-coupler......................................................................................................572
14.4.4.3 Configuration setting............................................................................................................573
14.4.5 Interlocking for bus-section breaker A1A2_BS.................................................................... 573
14.4.5.1 Application...............................................................................................................................573
14.4.5.2 Signals from all feeders........................................................................................................ 573
14.4.5.3 Configuration setting........................................................................................................... 576
14.4.6 Interlocking for bus-section disconnector A1A2_DC .........................................................576
14.4.6.1 Application...............................................................................................................................577
14.4.6.2 Signals in single breaker arrangement.............................................................................. 577
14.4.6.3 Signals in double-breaker arrangement........................................................................... 580
14.4.6.4 Signals in 1 1/2 breaker arrangement................................................................................ 582
14.4.7 Interlocking for busbar earthing switch BB_ES ................................................................. 583
14.4.7.1 Application.............................................................................................................................. 583
14.4.7.2 Signals in single breaker arrangement..............................................................................583
14.4.7.3 Signals in double-breaker arrangement............................................................................587
14.4.7.4 Signals in 1 1/2 breaker arrangement................................................................................588
14.4.8 Interlocking for double CB bay DB ........................................................................................588
14.4.8.1 Application.............................................................................................................................. 588
14.4.8.2 Configuration setting........................................................................................................... 589
14.4.9 Interlocking for 1 1/2 CB BH ................................................................................................... 589
14.4.9.1 Application.............................................................................................................................. 590
14.4.9.2 Configuration setting........................................................................................................... 590
14.5 Logic rotating switch for function selection and LHMI presentation SLGAPC................. 591
14.5.1 Identification.............................................................................................................................. 591
14.5.2 Application..................................................................................................................................591
14.5.3 Setting guidelines......................................................................................................................591
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