ABB RELION 650 SERIES User manual

Relion® 650 SERIES
Line distance protection REL650
Version 1.1 IEC
Product guide

Contents
1. 650 series overview............................................................. 3
2. Application............................................................................. 3
3. Available functions...............................................................7
4. Impedance protection...................................................... 13
5. Current protection............................................................. 15
6. Voltage protection............................................................. 17
7. Frequency protection........................................................18
8. Secondary system supervision....................................... 18
9. Control.................................................................................. 19
10. Logic.................................................................................... 20
11. Monitoring..........................................................................20
12. Metering..............................................................................22
13. Human Machine interface.............................................. 23
14. Basic IED functions.......................................................... 23
15. Station communication.................................................. 24
16. Hardware description......................................................25
17. Connection diagrams...................................................... 27
18. Technical data................................................................... 28
19. Ordering..............................................................................62
Disclaimer
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by ABB Power Grids. ABB Power
Grids assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. Drawings and diagrams are not binding.
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved.
Trademarks
ABB and Relion are registered trademarks of the ABB Group. All other brand or product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
2 ABB Power Grids

1. 650 series overview GUID-420ACE74-2F34-4991-8DA3-967843F6BFFF v1
The 650 series IEDs provide optimum 'off-the-shelf',
ready-to-use solutions. It is configured with complete
protection functionality and default parameters to meet
the needs of a wide range of applications for generation
transmission and sub-transmission grids.
The 650 series IEDs include:
• Complete ready-made solutions optimized for a wide
range of applications for generation, transmission and
sub-transmission grids.
• Support for user-defined names in the local language
for signal and function engineering.
• Minimized parameter setting based on default values
and ABB's new global base value concept. You only
need to set those parameters specific to your own
application, such as the line data.
• GOOSE messaging for horizontal communication.
• Extended HMI functionality with 15 dynamic three-
color-indication LEDs per page, on up to three pages,
and configurable push-button shortcuts for different
actions.
• Programmable LED text-based labels.
• Settable 1A/5A -rated current inputs.
2. Application M13636-3 v5
REL650 is used for the protection, control and
monitoring of overhead lines and cables in solidly or
impedance earthed networks. The IED can be used up to
the high voltage levels. It is suitable for the protection
of heavily loaded lines and multi-terminal lines where
the requirement for fast three-phase tripping is wanted.
The full scheme distance protection provides protection
of power lines with high sensitivity and low requirement
on remote end communication. The five zones have fully
independent measuring and setting which gives high
flexibility for all types of lines.
The modern technical solution offers fast operating
time of typically 1.5 cycles.
The autoreclose includes priority features for single-
breaker arrangements. It co-operates with the
synchrocheck function with high-speed or delayed
reclosing.
High set instantaneous phase and earth overcurrent,
four step directional or non-directional delayed phase
and earth overcurrent, sensitive earth fault for not
direct earthed systems, thermal overload and two step
under and overvoltage protection are examples of the
available functions allowing the user to fulfill any
application requirement.
The distance and earth fault protection can
communicate with remote end in any teleprotection
communication scheme.
The advanced logic capability, where the user logic is
prepared with a graphical tool, allows special
applications.
Disturbance recording and fault locator are available to
allow independent post-fault analysis after primary
disturbances.
SEMOD51220-5 v6
Three packages has been defined for following
applications:
• Five zone distance protection with quadrilateral
characteristic (A01)
• Five zone distance protection with mho characteristic
(A05)
• Five zone distance protection with quadrilateral
characteristic, single pole tripping (A11)
The packages are configured and ready for direct use.
Analogue and tripping IO has been pre-defined for basic
use.
Add binary I/O as required for the application when
ordering. Other signals need to be applied as required
for each application.
The graphical configuration tool ensures simple and fast
testing and commissioning.
Line distance protection REL650
Version 1.1 IEC
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Issued: May 2020
Revision: B
ABB Power Grids 3
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

REL650 A01 – Quad Distance Zones, Single Breaker
10AI (4I+1I+5U)
SMB RREC
79 0->1
SMP PTRC
94 1->0
TCS SCBR
Cond
SPVN ZBAT
Cond
Other configured functions
OV2 PTOV
59 U>
PH PIOC
50 3I>>
CC RBRF
50BF 3I> BF
V MMXU
Meter.
QA1
QB1 QB2
QB9
QC9
QC2
QC1
WA1
WA2
V MSQI
Meter.
DRP RDRE
Mont.
EF PIOC
50N IN>>
CC RPLD
52PD PD
S SCBR
Cond
L PTTR
26 q>
EF4 PTOC
51N/67N IN>
OC4 PTOC
51/67 3I>
BRC PTOC
46 Iub
SDEPSDE
67N IN<->
STB PTOC
50STB I>
GOP PDOP
32 P>
GUP PDUP
37 P<
UV2 PTUV
27 U<
LOV PTUV
27 U<
ZQD PDIS
21 Z<
FDPS PDIS
Ph Sel
ZDN RDIR
21 Z<->
ZM RPSB
68
ZCV PSOF
SOTF
LMB RFLO
Monit.
SES RSYN
25 SYNC
ZC PSCH
85
ZCRW PSCH
85
ETP MMTR
Wh<->
CV MMXN
Meter.
EC PSCH
85
ECRW PSCH
85
SDD RFUFC MMXU
Meter.
C MSQI
Meter.
IEC61850
ANSI IEC
Function Enabled
in Settings
1000/1
132kV/110V
132kV/
110V 132kV/
110V
132 kV Bus
Line data
Line length: 50km
Positive sequence line impedance: 0.195+j*0.410 Ohms-Primary/km
Zero sequence line impedance: 0.400+j*1.310 Ohms-Primary/km
IEC09000653-2-en.vsd
VNMMXU
Meter.
DNP
ANSI IEC
Function Disabled in Settings
IEC60870-5-103
ANSI IEC
IEC09000653 V2 EN-US
Figure 1. A typical protection application for quadrilateral distance zones in a single breaker arrangement
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
4 ABB Power Grids
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

REL650 A05 – Mho Distance Zones, Single Breaker
10AI (4I+1I+5U)
SMB RREC
79 0->1
SMP PTRC
94 1->0
TCS SCBR
Cond
SPVN ZBAT
Cond
Other configured functions
OV2 PTOV
59 U>
PH PIOC
50 3I>>
CC RBRF
50BF 3I> BF
V MMXU
Meter.
QA1
QB1 QB2
QB9
QC9
QC2
QC1
WA1
WA2
V MSQI
Meter.
DRP RDRE
Mont.
EF PIOC
50N IN>>
CC RPLD
52PD PD
S SCBR
Cond
L PTTR
26 q>
EF4 PTOC
51N/67N IN>
OC4 PTOC
51/67 3I>
BRC PTOC
46 Iub
SDEPSDE
67N IN<->
STB PTOC
50STB I>
GOP PDOP
32 P>
GUP PDUP
37 P<
UV2 PTUV
27 U<
LOV PTUV
27 U<
FMPS PDIS
Ph Sel
ZDN RDIR
21 Z<->
ZM RPSB
68
ZCV PSOF
SOTF
LMB RFLO
Monit.
SES RSYN
25 SYNC
ZC PSCH
85
ZCRW PSCH
85
ETP MMTR
Wh<->
CV MMXN
Meter.
EC PSCH
85
ECRW PSCH
85
SDD RFUFC MMXU
Meter.
C MSQI
Meter.
ZMO PDIS
21 Z<
IEC61850
ANSI IEC
Function Enabled
in Settings
132 kV Bus
1000/1
132kV/110V
132kV/
110V 132kV/
110V
Line data
Line length: 50km
Positive sequence line impedance: 0.195+j*0.410 Ohms-Primary/km
Zero sequence line impedance: 0.400+j*1.310 Ohms-Primary/km
IEC09000654-2-en.vsd
VNMMXU
Meter.
DNP
ANSI IEC
Function Disabled in Settings
IEC60870-5-103
ANSI IEC
IEC09000654 V2 EN-US
Figure 2. A typical protection application for mho distance zones in a single breaker arrangement
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
ABB Power Grids 5
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

REL650 A11 – Quad Distance Zones,
1PH/3PH Tripping, Single Breaker
10AI (4I+1I+5U)
TCS SCBR
Cond
SPVN ZBAT
Cond
Other configured functions
OV2 PTOV
59 U>
V MMXU
Meter.
QA1
QB1 QB2
QB9
QC9
QC2
QC1
WA1
WA2
V MSQI
Meter.
DRP RDRE
Mont.
EF PIOC
50N IN>>
CC RPLD
52PD PD
S SCBR
Cond
L PTTR
26 q>
EF4 PTOC
51N/67N IN>
BRC PTOC
46 Iub
SDE PSDE
37 2I<
STB PTOC
50STB I>
GOP PDOP
32 P>
GUP PDUP
37 P<
UV2 PTUV
27 U<
LOV PTUV
27 U<
ZQD PDIS
21 Z<
FDPS PDIS
Ph Sel
ZDN RDIR
21 Z<->
ZM RPSB
68
ZCV PSOF
SOTF
LMB RFLO
Monit.
SES RSYN
25 SYNC
ZC PSCH
85
ETP MMTR
Wh<->
CV MMXN
Meter.
EC PSCH
85
ECRW PSCH
85
SDD RFUFC MMXU
Meter.
C MSQI
Meter.
IEC61850
ANSI IEC
Function Enabled
in Settings
1000/1
132kV/110V
132kV/
110V 132kV/
110V
132 kV Bus
Line data
Line length: 50km
Positive sequence line impedance: 0.195+j*0.410 Ohms-Primary/km
Zero sequence line impedance: 0.400+j*1.310 Ohms-Primary/km
IEC10000342-1-en.vsd
ZCWS PSCH
85
SPT PIOC
50 3I>>
OC4S PTOC
51/67 3I>
STP PTRC
94 1->0
STB RREC
79 0->1
CSP RBRF
50BF 3I> BF
VN MMXU
Meter.
DNP
ANSI IEC
Function Disabled in Settings
IEC60870-5-103
ANSI IEC
IEC10000342 V1 EN-US
Figure 3. A typical protection application for quadrilateral characteristic distance zones in a single breaker arrangement, single pole
tripping
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
6 ABB Power Grids
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

3. Available functions
Main protection functions GUID-35C75FDE-9C6C-44CE-8BDB-6CCB9541EDFE v2.1.1
IEC 61850/
Function block
name
ANSI Function description Line Distance
REL650 (A01)
3Ph/1CB, quad
REL650 (A05)
3Ph/1CB, mho
REL650 (A11)
1Ph/1CB
Impedance protection
ZQDPDIS 21 Five zone distance protection, quadrilateral characteristic 1 1
FDPSPDIS 21 Phase selection with load enchroachment, quadrilateral
characteristic
1 1
ZMOPDIS 21 Five zone distance protection, mho characteristic 1
FMPSPDIS 21 Faulty phase identification with load enchroachment for
mho
1
ZDNRDIR 21 Directional impedance quadrilateral and mho 1 1 1
PPLPHIZ Phase preference logic 1 1 1
ZMRPSB 68 Power swing detection 1 1 1
ZCVPSOF Automatic switch onto fault logic, voltage and current
based
1 1 1
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
ABB Power Grids 7
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

Back-up protection functions GUID-47D5EAC9-5F4A-4A3D-B813-4E50A2BCCDC3 v2.1.1
IEC 61850/
Function
block name
ANSI Function description Line Distance
REL650 (A01)
3Ph/1CB, quad
REL650 (A05)
3Ph/1CB, mho
REL650 (A11)
1Ph/1CB
Current protection
PHPIOC 50 Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection 1 1
SPTPIOC 50 Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection 1
OC4PTOC 51/67 Four step directional phase overcurrent protection 1 1
OC4SPTOC 51/67 Four step phase overcurrent protection 1
EFPIOC 50N Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection 1 1 1
EF4PTOC 51N/67N Four step directional residual overcurrent protection 1 1 1
SDEPSDE 67N Sensitive directional residual overcurrent and power
protection
1 1 1
UC2PTUC 37 Time delayed 2-step undercurrent protection 1 1 1
LPTTR 26 Thermal overload protection, one time constant 1 1 1
CCRBRF 50BF Breaker failure protection 1 1
CSPRBRF 50BF Breaker failure protection 1
STBPTOC 50STB Stub protection 1 1 1
CCRPLD 52PD Pole discordance protection 1 1 1
BRCPTOC 46 Broken conductor check 1 1 1
GUPPDUP 37 Directional underpower protection 1 1 1
GOPPDOP 32 Directional overpower protection 1 1 1
DNSPTOC 46 Negative sequence based overcurrent function 1 1 1
Voltage protection
UV2PTUV 27 Two step undervoltage protection 1 1 1
OV2PTOV 59 Two step overvoltage protection 1 1 1
ROV2PTOV 59N Two step residual overvoltage protection 1 1 1
LOVPTUV 27 Loss of voltage check 1 1 1
Frequency protection
SAPTUF 81 Underfrequency function 2 2 2
SAPTOF 81 Overfrequency function 2 2 2
SAPFRC 81 Rate-of-change frequency protection 2 2 2
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
8 ABB Power Grids
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

Control and monitoring functions GUID-C4EC0541-2883-4185-90AB-BAEB25A5E249 v2.1.1
IEC 61850/Function
block name
ANSI Function description Line Distance
REL650 (A01)
3Ph/1CB, quad
REL650 (A05)
3Ph/1CB, mho
REL650 (A11)
1Ph/1CB
Control
SESRSYN 25 Synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing 1 1 1
SMBRREC 79 Autorecloser 1 1
STBRREC 79 Autorecloser 1
QCBAY Bay control 1 1 1
LOCREM Handling of LR-switch positions 1 1 1
LOCREMCTRL LHMI control of Permitted Source To Operate (PSTO) 1 1 1
SLGGIO Logic Rotating Switch for function selection and LHMI
presentation
15 15 15
VSGGIO Selector mini switch extension 20 20 20
DPGGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions
double point
16 16 16
SPC8GGIO Single point generic control 8 signals 5 5 5
AUTOBITS AutomationBits, command function for DNP3.0 3 3 3
I103CMD Function commands for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1
I103IEDCMD IED commands for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1
I103USRCMD Function commands user defined for IEC60870-5-103 4 4 4
I103GENCMD Function commands generic for IEC60870-5-103 50 50 50
I103POSCMD IED commands with position and select for
IEC60870-5-103
50 50 50
Secondary system supervision
CCSRDIF 87 Current circuit supervision 1 1 1
SDDRFUF Fuse failure supervision 1 1 1
TCSSCBR Breaker close/trip circuit monitoring 3 3 3
Logic
SMPPTRC 94 Tripping logic 1 1
SPTPTRC 94 Tripping logic 1
TMAGGIO Trip matrix logic 12 12 12
OR Configurable logic blocks, OR gate 283 283 283
INVERTER Configurable logic blocks, Inverter gate 140 140 140
PULSETIMER Configurable logic blocks, Pulse timer 40 40 40
GATE Configurable logic blocks, Controllable gate 40 40 40
XOR Configurable logic blocks, exclusive OR gate 40 40 40
LOOPDELAY Configurable logic blocks, loop delay 40 40 40
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
ABB Power Grids 9
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

IEC 61850/Function
block name
ANSI Function description Line Distance
REL650 (A01)
3Ph/1CB, quad
REL650 (A05)
3Ph/1CB, mho
REL650 (A11)
1Ph/1CB
TIMERSET Configurable logic blocks, timer function block 40 40 40
AND Configurable logic blocks, AND gate 280 280 280
SRMEMORY Configurable logic blocks, set-reset memory flip-flop
gate
40 40 40
RSMEMORY Configurable logic blocks, reset-set memory flip-flop
gate
40 40 40
FXDSIGN Fixed signal function block 1 1 1
B16I Boolean 16 to Integer conversion 16 16 16
B16IFCVI Boolean 16 to Integer conversion with logic node
representation
16 16 16
IB16A Integer to Boolean 16 conversion 16 16 16
IB16FCVB Integer to Boolean 16 conversion with logic node
representation
16 16 16
Monitoring
CVMMXN Measurements 6 6 6
CMMXU Phase current measurement 10 10 10
VMMXU Phase-phase voltage measurement 6 6 6
CMSQI Current sequence component measurement 6 6 6
VMSQI Voltage sequence measurement 6 6 6
VNMMXU Phase-neutral voltage measurement 6 6 6
CNTGGIO Event counter 5 5 5
DRPRDRE Disturbance report 1 1 1
AxRADR Analog input signals 4 4 4
BxRBDR Binary input signals 6 6 6
SPGGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions 64 64 64
SP16GGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions 16
inputs
16 16 16
MVGGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions 16 16 16
MVEXP Measured value expander block 66 66 66
LMBRFLO Fault locator 1 1 1
SPVNZBAT Station battery supervision 1 1 1
SSIMG 63 Insulation gas monitoring function 1 1 1
SSIML 71 Insulation liquid monitoring function 1 1 1
SSCBR Circuit breaker condition monitoring 1 1 1
I103MEAS Measurands for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1
I103MEASUSR Measurands user defined signals for IEC60870-5-103 3 3 3
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
10 ABB Power Grids
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

IEC 61850/Function
block name
ANSI Function description Line Distance
REL650 (A01)
3Ph/1CB, quad
REL650 (A05)
3Ph/1CB, mho
REL650 (A11)
1Ph/1CB
I103AR Function status auto-recloser for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1
I103EF Function status earth-fault for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1
I103FLTPROT Function status fault protection for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1
I103IED IED status for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1
I103SUPERV Supervison status for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1
I103USRDEF Status for user defined signals for IEC60870-5-103 20 20 20
Metering
PCGGIO Pulse counter logic 16 16 16
ETPMMTR Function for energy calculation and demand handling 3 3 3
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
ABB Power Grids 11
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

Designed to communicate GUID-22F345AB-6250-40E7-9B80-36EA4D8EDA62 v2.2.1
IEC 61850/Function
block name
ANSI Function description Line Distance
REL650 (A01)
3Ph/1CB, quad
REL650 (A05)
3Ph/1CB, mho
REL650 (A11)
1Ph/1CB
Station communication
IEC 61850 communication protocol, LAN1 1 1 1
DNP3.0 for TCP/IP communication protocol, LAN1 1 1 1
IEC61870-5-103 IEC60870-5-103 serial communication via ST 1 1 1
GOOSEINTLKRCV Horizontal communication via GOOSE for interlocking 59 59 59
GOOSEBINRCV GOOSE binary receive 4 4 4
GOOSEDPRCV GOOSE function block to receive a double point value 32 32 32
GOOSEINTRCV GOOSE function block to receive an integer value 32 32 32
GOOSEMVRCV GOOSE function block to receive a mesurand value 16 16 16
GOOSESPRCV GOOSE function block to receive a single point value 64 64 64
Scheme communication
ZCPSCH 85 Scheme communication logic for distance or overcurrent
protection
111
ZCRWPSCH 85 Current reversal and weak-end infeed logic for distance
protection
1 1
ZCWSPSCH 85 Current reversal and weak-end infeed logic for distance
protection
1
ZCLCPLAL Local acceleration logic 1 1 1
ECPSCH 85 Scheme communication logic for residual overcurrent protection 1 1 1
ECRWPSCH 85 Current reversal and weak-end infeed logic for residual
overcurrent protection
1 1 1
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
12 ABB Power Grids
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

Basic IED functions GUID-1DA8FC6E-D726-407B-84D3-0796B00D636F v2
IEC 61850/Function
block name
Function description
Basic functions included in all products
INTERRSIG Self supervision with internal event list 1
SELFSUPEVLST Self supervision with internal event list 1
SNTP Time synchronization 1
TIMESYNCHGEN Time synchronization 1
DTSBEGIN, DTSEND,
TIMEZONE
Time synchronization, daylight saving 1
IRIG-B Time synchronization 1
SETGRPS Setting group handling 1
ACTVGRP Parameter setting groups 1
TESTMODE Test mode functionality 1
CHNGLCK Change lock function 1
TERMINALID IED identifiers 1
PRODINF Product information 1
PRIMVAL Primary system values 1
SMAI_20_1-12 Signal matrix for analog inputs 2
3PHSUM Summation block 3 phase 12
GBASVAL Global base values for settings 6
ATHSTAT Authority status 1
ATHCHCK Authority check 1
FTPACCS FTP access with password 1
DOSFRNT Denial of service, frame rate control for front port 1
DOSLAN1 Denial of service, frame rate control for LAN1 1
DOSSCKT Denial of service, socket flow control 1
4. Impedance protection
Five zone distance protection, quadrilateral
characteristic ZQDPDIS M13787-3 v9
Five zone distance protection, quadrilateral
characteristic ZQDPDIS is a five zone full scheme
protection with three fault loops for phase-to-phase
faults and three fault loops for phase-to-earth fault for
each of the independent zones. Individual settings for
each zone in resistive and reactive reach gives flexibility
for use as back-up protection for transformer connected
to overhead lines and cables of different types and
lengths.
ZQDPDIS together with Phase selection with load
encroachment FDPSPDIS has functionality for load
encroachment, which increases the possibility to detect
high resistive faults on heavily loaded lines, as shown in
figure4.
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
ABB Power Grids 13
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

en05000034.vsd
R
X
Forward
operation
Reverse
operation
IEC05000034 V1 EN-US
Figure 4. Typical quadrilateral distance protection zone with
Phase selection with load encroachment function
FDPSPDIS activated
Built-in adaptive load compensation algorithm prevents
overreaching of all zones at phase-to-earth faults on
heavily loaded power lines.
The distance protection zones can operate
independently of each other in directional (forward or
reverse) or non-directional mode. This makes them
suitable, together with different communication
schemes, for the protection of power lines and cables in
complex network configurations, such as parallel lines,
multi-terminal lines, and so on.
Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with
fixed angle FDPSPDIS M13139-3 v5
The operation of transmission networks today is in
many cases close to the stability limit. Due to
environmental considerations, the rate of expansion and
reinforcement of the power system is reduced, for
example, difficulties to get permission to build new
power lines. Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic
with fixed angle FDPSPDIS is designed to accurately
select the proper fault loop in the distance function
dependent on the fault type.
The heavy load transfer that is common in many
transmission networks may make fault resistance
coverage difficult to achieve. Therefore, FDPSPDIS has a
built-in algorithm for load encroachment, which gives
the possibility to enlarge the resistive setting of both
the phase selection and the measuring zones without
interfering with the load.
The extensive output signals from the phase selection
gives also important information about faulty phase(s),
which can be used for fault analysis.
Five zone distance protection, mho characteristic
ZMOPDIS SEMOD175459-4 v7
The numerical mho line distance protection is a five zone
full scheme protection for back-up detection of short
circuit and earth faults. The full scheme technique
provides back-up protection of power lines with high
sensitivity and low requirement on remote end
communication. The five zones have fully independent
measuring and settings, which gives high flexibility for
all types of lines.
The IED can be used up to high voltage levels. It is
suitable for the protection of heavily loaded lines and
multi-terminal lines where the requirement for fast
three-phase tripping is wanted.
Built-in adaptive load compensation algorithm prevents
overreaching at phase-to-earth faults on heavily loaded
power lines, see figure 5.
en07000117.vsd
jX
Operation area Operation area
R
Operation area
No operation area No operation area
IEC07000117 V1 EN-US
Figure 5. Load encroachment influence on the offset mho
characteristic
The distance protection zones can operate, independent
of each other, in directional (forward or reverse) or non-
directional mode (offset). This makes them suitable,
together with different communication schemes, for the
protection of power lines and cables in complex network
configurations, such as parallel lines, multi-terminal
lines and so on.
Faulty phase identification with load encroachment
FMPSPDIS SEMOD153825-5 v4
The phase selection function is design to accurate select
the proper fault loop in the distance function dependent
on the fault type.
The heavy load transfer that is common in many
transmission networks may in some cases interfere with
the distance protection zone reach and cause unwanted
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
14 ABB Power Grids
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

operation. Therefore the function has a built in
algorithm for load encroachment, which gives the
possibility to enlarge the resistive setting of the
measuring zones without interfering with the load.
The output signals from the phase selection function
produce important information about faulty phase(s),
which can be used for fault analysis as well.
Directional impedance quadrilateral and mho
ZDNRDIR SEMOD154885-5 v5
The evaluation of the direction to the fault is made in
the directional element ZDNRDIR for the quadrilateral
and mho characteristic distance protections ZQDPDIS
and ZMOPDIS.
Phase preference logic PPLPHIZ SEMOD151924-4 v3
Phase preference logic function PPLPHIZ is intended to
be used in isolated or high impedance earthed networks
where there is a requirement to trip only one of the
faulty lines at cross-country fault.
Phase preference logic inhibits tripping for single
phase-to-earth faults in isolated and high impedance
earthed networks, where such faults are not to be
cleared by distance protection. For cross-country faults,
the logic selects either the leading or the lagging phase-
earth loop for measurement and initiates tripping of the
preferred fault based on the selected phase preference.
A number of different phase preference combinations
are available for selection.
Power swing detection ZMRPSB M13873-3 v7
Power swings may occur after disconnection of heavy
loads or trip of big generation plants.
Power swing detection function (ZMRPSB) is used to
detect power swings and initiate block of selected
distance protection zones. Occurrence of earth-fault
currents during a power swing inhibits the ZMRPSB
function to allow fault clearance.
Automatic switch onto fault logic, voltage and
current based ZCVPSOF SEMOD153644-5 v2
Automatic switch onto fault logic, voltage and current
based (ZCVPSOF) is a function that gives an
instantaneous trip at closing of breaker onto a fault. A
dead line detection check is provided to activate the
function when the line is dead.
Mho distance protections can not operate for switch
onto fault condition when the phase voltages are close
to zero. An additional logic based on UI Level is used for
this purpose.
5. Current protection
Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection PHPIOC
M12910-3 v7
The instantaneous three phase overcurrent function has
a low transient overreach and short tripping time to
allow use as a high set short-circuit protection function.
Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection
SPTPIOC GUID-EF84F35F-DD13-40DB-A99A-D72C070F93ED v1
The instantaneous three phase overcurrent function has
a low transient overreach and short tripping time to
allow use as a high set short-circuit protection function.
Four step phase overcurrent protection OC4PTOC
M12846-3 v8
The four step phase overcurrent protection function
OC4PTOC has an inverse or definite time delay
independent for step 1 and 4 separately. Step 2 and 3
are always definite time delayed.
All IEC and ANSI time delayed characteristics are
available.
The directional function is voltage polarized with
memory. The function can be set to be directional or
non-directional independently for each of the steps.
Four step phase overcurrent protection OC4SPTOC
GUID-155E28B3-9083-4303-AA7C-AACD0697CB71 v1
The four step phase overcurrent function (OC4SPTOC)
has an inverse or definite time delay independent for
each step separately.
All IEC and ANSI time delayed characteristics are
available.
The directional function is voltage polarized with
memory. The function can be set to be directional or
non-directional independently for each of the steps.
Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection
EFPIOC M12701-3 v8
The Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection
EFPIOC has a low transient overreach and short tripping
times to allow the use for instantaneous earth-fault
protection, with the reach limited to less than the
typical eighty percent of the line at minimum source
impedance. EFPIOC can be configured to measure the
residual current from the three-phase current inputs or
the current from a separate current input. EFPIOC can
be blocked by activating the input BLOCK.
Four step residual overcurrent protection EF4PTOC
M13667-3 v10
The four step residual overcurrent protection (EF4PTOC)
has a settable inverse or definite time delay
independent for step 1 and 4 separately. Step 2 and 3
are always definite time delayed.
All IEC and ANSI time delayed characteristics are
available.
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
ABB Power Grids 15
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

The directional function is voltage polarized, current
polarized or dual polarized.
EF4PTOC can be set directional or non-directional
independently for each of the steps.
A second harmonic blocking can be set individually for
each step.
EF4PTOC can be used as main protection for phase-to-
earth faults.
EF4PTOC can also be used to provide a system back-up
for example, in the case of the primary protection being
out of service due to communication or voltage
transformer circuit failure.
Directional operation can be combined together with
corresponding communication logic in permissive or
blocking teleprotection scheme. Current reversal and
weak-end infeed functionality are available as well.
Sensitive directional residual overcurrent and power
protection SDEPSDE GUID-EB27F20E-F477-418B-83F0-744BF2988469 v2
In isolated networks or in networks with high impedance
earthing, the earth fault current is significantly smaller
than the short circuit currents. In addition to this, the
magnitude of the fault current is almost independent on
the fault location in the network. The protection can be
selected to use either the residual current or residual
power component 3U0·3I0·cos j, for operating quantity.
There is also available one non-directional 3I0 step and
one non-directional 3U0 overvoltage tripping step.
Time delayed 2-step undercurrent protection
UC2PTUC GUID-4613FD06-ECD0-44ED-8D28-CA22F80495C2 v2
Time delayed 2-step undercurrent protection (UC2PTUC
function is used to supervise the line for low current, for
example, to detect a loss-of-load condition, which
results in a current lower than the normal load current.
Thermal overload protection, one time constant
LPTTR M12020-4 v7
The increasing utilizing of the power system closer to
the thermal limits has generated a need of a thermal
overload protection also for power lines.
A thermal overload will often not be detected by other
protection functions and the introduction of the thermal
overload protection can allow the protected circuit to
operate closer to the thermal limits.
The three-phase current measuring protection has an I2t
characteristic with settable time constant and a thermal
memory.
An alarm level gives early warning to allow operators to
take action well before the line is tripped.
Breaker failure protection CCRBRF M11550-6 v8
Breaker failure protection (CCRBRF) ensures fast back-
up tripping of surrounding breakers in case the own
breaker failure to open. CCRBRF can be current based,
contact based, or an adaptive combination of these two
principles.
A current check with extremely short reset time is used
as check criterion to achieve a high security against
unnecessary operation.
A contact check criteria can be used where the fault
current through the breaker is small.
Breaker failure protection (CCRBRF) current criteria can
be fulfilled by one or two phase currents, or one phase
current plus residual current. When those currents
exceed the user defined settings, the function is
activated. These conditions increase the security of the
back-up trip command.
CCRBRF function can be programmed to give a three-
phase re-trip of the own breaker to avoid unnecessary
tripping of surrounding breakers at an incorrect
initiation due to mistakes during testing.
Breaker failure protection CSPRBRF
GUID-293A8842-8292-45D4-AD04-32CCAD2BF4C9 v1
Breaker failure protection CSPRBRF ensures fast back-
up tripping of surrounding breakers in case of own
breaker failure to open. CSPRBRF can be current based,
contact based, or adaptive combination between these
two principles.
A current check with extremely short reset time is used
as a check criterion to achieve a high security against
unnecessary operation.
A contact check criteria can be used where the fault
current through the breaker is small.
CSPRBRF function current criteria can be fulfilled by one
or two phase currents, or one phase current plus
residual current. When those currents exceed the user
defined settings, the function is activated. These
conditions increase the security of the back-up trip
command.
CSPRBRF can be programmed to give a three-phase re-
trip of the own breaker to avoid unnecessary tripping of
surrounding breakers at an incorrect initiation due to
mistakes during testing.
Stub protection STBPTOC M12902-3 v6
When a power line is taken out of service for
maintenance and the line disconnector is opened the
voltage transformers will mostly be outside on the
disconnected part. The primary line distance protection
will thus not be able to operate and must be blocked.
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
16 ABB Power Grids
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

The stub protection STBPTOC covers the zone between
the current transformers and the open disconnector.
The three-phase instantaneous overcurrent function is
released from a normally open, NO (b) auxiliary contact
on the line disconnector.
Pole discordance protection CCRPLD M13269-3 v9
Circuit breakers and disconnectors can end up with the
poles in different positions (close-open), due to
electrical or mechanical failures. This can cause negative
and zero sequence currents which cause thermal stress
on rotating machines and can cause unwanted
operation of zero sequence or negative sequence
current functions.
Normally the own breaker is tripped to correct such a
situation. If the situation persists the surrounding
breakers should be tripped to clear the unsymmetrical
load situation.
The pole discordance function operates based on
information from the circuit breaker logic with
additional criteria from unsymmetrical phase currents
when required.
Broken conductor check BRCPTOC SEMOD171805-5 v4
Conventional protection functions can not detect the
broken conductor condition. Broken conductor check
(BRCPTOC) function, consisting of continuous current
unsymmetrical check on the line where the IED is
connected will give alarm or trip at detecting broken
conductors.
Directional over/underpower protection GOPPDOP/
GUPPDUP SEMOD175421-4 v4
The directional over-/under-power protection
GOPPDOP/GUPPDUP can be used wherever a high/low
active, reactive or apparent power protection or
alarming is required. The functions can alternatively be
used to check the direction of active or reactive power
flow in the power system. There are a number of
applications where such functionality is needed. Some
of them are:
• detection of reversed active power flow
• detection of high reactive power flow
Each function has two steps with definite time delay.
Reset times for both steps can be set as well.
Negative sequence based overcurrent function
DNSPTOC GUID-CFD34404-5934-41EE-8AAC-A5FD2B9B4E33 v2
Negative sequence based overcurrent function
(DNSPTOC) is typically used as sensitive earth-fault
protection of power lines, where incorrect zero
sequence polarization may result from mutual induction
between two or more parallel lines.
Additionally, it is applied in applications on underground
cables, where zero sequence impedance depends on the
fault current return paths, but the cable negative
sequence impedance is practically constant.
The directional function is current and voltage polarized.
The function can be set to forward, reverse or non-
directional independently for each step.
DNSPTOC protects against all unbalanced faults
including phase-to-phase faults. The minimum start
current of the function must be set to above the normal
system unbalance level in order to avoid unintentional
functioning.
6. Voltage protection
Two step undervoltage protection UV2PTUV M13789-3 v7
Undervoltages can occur in the power system during
faults or abnormal conditions. Two step undervoltage
protection (UV2PTUV) function can be used to open
circuit breakers to prepare for system restoration at
power outages or as long-time delayed back-up to
primary protection.
UV2PTUV has two voltage steps, where step 1 is settable
as inverse or definite time delayed. Step 2 is always
definite time delayed.
Two step overvoltage protection OV2PTOV M13798-3 v7
Overvoltages may occur in the power system during
abnormal conditions such as sudden power loss, tap
changer regulating failures, open line ends on long lines
etc.
OV2PTOV has two voltage steps, where step 1 can be set
as inverse or definite time delayed. Step 2 is always
definite time delayed.
OV2PTOV has an extremely high reset ratio to allow
settings close to system service voltage.
Two step residual overvoltage protection ROV2PTOV
M13808-3 v7
Residual voltages may occur in the power system during
earth faults.
Two step residual overvoltage protection ROV2PTOV
function calculates the residual voltage from the three-
phase voltage input transformers or measures it from a
single voltage input transformer fed from an open delta
or neutral point voltage transformer.
ROV2PTOV has two voltage steps, where step 1 can be
set as inverse or definite time delayed. Step 2 is always
definite time delayed.
Loss of voltage check LOVPTUV SEMOD171457-5 v4
Loss of voltage check (LOVPTUV) is suitable for use in
networks with an automatic system restoration
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
ABB Power Grids 17
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

function. LOVPTUV issues a three-pole trip command to
the circuit breaker, if all three phase voltages fall below
the set value for a time longer than the set time and the
circuit breaker remains closed.
7. Frequency protection
Underfrequency protection SAPTUF M13349-3 v7
Underfrequency occurs as a result of lack of generation
in the network.
Underfrequency protection SAPTUF is used for load
shedding systems, remedial action schemes, gas turbine
startup and so on.
SAPTUF is provided with an undervoltage blocking.
Overfrequency protection SAPTOF M14953-3 v7
Overfrequency protection function SAPTOF is applicable
in all situations, where reliable detection of high
fundamental power system frequency is needed.
Overfrequency occurs at sudden load drops or shunt
faults in the power network. Close to the generating
plant, generator governor problems can also cause over
frequency.
SAPTOF is used mainly for generation shedding and
remedial action schemes. It is also used as a frequency
stage initiating load restoring.
SAPTOF is provided with an undervoltage blocking.
Rate-of-change frequency protection SAPFRC M14965-3 v7
Rate-of-change frequency protection function (SAPFRC)
gives an early indication of a main disturbance in the
system. SAPFRC can be used for generation shedding,
load shedding and remedial action schemes. SAPFRC can
discriminate between positive or negative change of
frequency.
SAPFRC is provided with an undervoltage blocking.
8. Secondary system supervision
Current circuit supervision CCSRDIF M12444-3 v6
Open or short circuited current transformer cores can
cause unwanted operation of many protection functions
such as differential, earth-fault current and negative-
sequence current functions.
It must be remembered that a blocking of protection
functions at an occurrence of open CT circuit will mean
that the situation will remain and extremely high
voltages will stress the secondary circuit.
Current circuit supervision (CCSRDIF) compares the
residual current from a three phase set of current
transformer cores with the neutral point current on a
separate input taken from another set of cores on the
current transformer.
A detection of a difference indicates a fault in the circuit
and is used as alarm or to block protection functions
expected to give unwanted tripping.
Fuse failure supervision SDDRFUF SEMOD113820-4 v5
The aim of the fuse failure supervision function
(SDDRFUF) is to block voltage measuring functions at
failures in the secondary circuits between the voltage
transformer and the IED in order to avoid unwanted
operations that otherwise might occur.
The fuse failure supervision function basically has three
different algorithms, negative sequence and zero
sequence based algorithms and an additional delta
voltage and delta current algorithm.
The negative sequence detection algorithm is
recommended for IEDs used in isolated or high-
impedance earthed networks. It is based on the
negative-sequence measuring quantities, a high value of
voltage 3U2 without the presence of the negative-
sequence current 3I2.
The zero sequence detection algorithm is recommended
for IEDs used in directly or low impedance earthed
networks. It is based on the zero sequence measuring
quantities, a high value of voltage 3U0 without the
presence of the residual current 3I0.
A criterion based on delta current and delta voltage
measurements can be added to the fuse failure
supervision function in order to detect a three phase
fuse failure, which in practice is more associated with
voltage transformer switching during station
operations.
For better adaptation to system requirements, an
operation mode setting has been introduced which
makes it possible to select the operating conditions for
negative sequence and zero sequence based function.
The selection of different operation modes makes it
possible to choose different interaction possibilities
between the negative sequence and zero sequence
based algorithm.
Breaker close/trip circuit monitoring TCSSCBR
GUID-EE8A480D-59AB-423D-9567-317A111EF846 v7
The trip circuit supervision function TCSSCBR is
designed to supervise the control circuit of the circuit
breaker. The invalidity of a control circuit is detected by
using a dedicated output contact that contains the
supervision functionality.
The function operates after a predefined operating time
and resets when the fault disappears.
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
18 ABB Power Grids
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

9. Control
Synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing
SESRSYN M12480-3 v9
The Synchronizing function allows closing of
asynchronous networks at the correct moment including
the breaker closing time, which improves the network
stability.
Synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing
(SESRSYN) function checks that the voltages on both
sides of the circuit breaker are in synchronism, or with
at least one side dead to ensure that closing can be
done safely.
SESRSYN function includes a built-in voltage selection
scheme for double bus arrangements.
Manual closing as well as automatic reclosing can be
checked by the function and can have different settings.
For systems which are running asynchronous a
synchronizing function is provided. The main purpose of
the synchronizing function is to provide controlled
closing of circuit breakers when two asynchronous
systems are going to be connected. It is used for slip
frequencies that are larger than those for synchrocheck
and lower than a set maximum level for the
synchronizing function.
Autorecloser SMBRREC M12390-3 v7
The autorecloser (SMBRREC) function provides high-
speed and/or delayed auto-reclosing for single breaker
applications.
Up to five reclosing attempts can be included by
parameter setting.
The autoreclosing function can be configured to co-
operate with a synchrocheck function.
Autorecloser STBRREC GUID-F49C945D-6C73-4DBC-81F3-FC5380DDC941 v1
The autoreclosing function provides high-speed and/or
delayed auto-reclosing for single breaker applications.
Up to five reclosing attempts can be included by
parameter setting. The first attempt can be single-
and/or three phase for single-phase or multi-phase
faults respectively.
Multiple autoreclosing functions are provided for multi-
breaker arrangements. A priority circuit allows one
circuit breaker to close first and the second will only
close if the fault proved to be transient.
The autoreclosing function can be configured to co-
operate with a synchrocheck function.
Bay control QCBAY M13447-3 v4
The Bay control QCBAY function is used together with
Local remote and local remote control functions is used
to handle the selection of the operator place per bay.
QCBAY also provides blocking functions that can be
distributed to different apparatuses within the bay.
Local remote LOCREM /Local remote control
LOCREMCTRL M17086-3 v4
The signals from the local HMI or from an external local/
remote switch are applied via the function blocks
LOCREM and LOCREMCTRL to the Bay control (QCBAY)
function block. A parameter in function block LOCREM is
set to choose if the switch signals are coming from the
local HMI or from an external hardware switch
connected via binary inputs.
Logic rotating switch for function selection and
LHMI presentation SLGGIO SEMOD114908-4 v6
The logic rotating switch for function selection and
LHMI presentation function (SLGGIO) (or the selector
switch function block) is used to get a selector switch
functionality similar to the one provided by a hardware
selector switch. Hardware selector switches are used
extensively by utilities, in order to have different
functions operating on pre-set values. Hardware
switches are however sources for maintenance issues,
lower system reliability and an extended purchase
portfolio. The logic selector switches eliminate all these
problems.
Selector mini switch VSGGIO SEMOD158756-5 v5
The Selector mini switch VSGGIO function block is a
multipurpose function used for a variety of applications,
as a general purpose switch.
VSGGIO can be controlled from the menu or from a
symbol on the single line diagram (SLD) on the local HMI.
IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions
DPGGIO SEMOD55850-5 v3
The IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions
(DPGGIO) function block is used to send double
indications to other systems or equipment in the
substation. It is especially used in the interlocking and
reservation station-wide logics.
Single point generic control 8 signals SPC8GGIO
SEMOD176462-4 v5
The Single point generic control 8 signals (SPC8GGIO)
function block is a collection of 8 single point
commands, designed to bring in commands from
REMOTE (SCADA) to those parts of the logic
configuration that do not need extensive command
receiving functionality (for example, SCSWI). In this way,
simple commands can be sent directly to the IED
outputs, without confirmation. Confirmation (status) of
the result of the commands is supposed to be achieved
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
ABB Power Grids 19
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved

by other means, such as binary inputs and SPGGIO
function blocks. The commands can be pulsed or steady.
AutomationBits AUTOBITS SEMOD158591-5 v4
The Automation bits function (AUTOBITS) is used to
configure the DNP3 protocol command handling.
10. Logic
Tripping logic SMPPTRC M12275-3 v4
A function block for protection tripping is provided for
each circuit breaker involved in the tripping of the fault.
It provides the pulse prolongation to ensure a trip pulse
of sufficient length, as well as all functionality necessary
for correct co-operation with autoreclosing functions.
The trip function block includes functionality for breaker
lock-out.
Tripping logic SPTPTRC GUID-258B03AB-5AA1-485B-A6C5-B6D45A841E25 v1
A function block for protection tripping is provided for
each circuit breaker involved in the tripping of the fault.
It provides the pulse prolongation to ensure a trip pulse
of sufficient length, as well as all functionality necessary
for correct cooperation with autoreclosing and
communication logic functions.
The trip function block includes functionality for
evolving faults and breaker lock-out.
Trip matrix logic TMAGGIO M15321-3 v7
Trip matrix logic TMAGGIO function is used to route trip
signals and other logical output signals to different
output contacts on the IED.
TMAGGIO output signals and the physical outputs allows
the user to adapt the signals to the physical tripping
outputs according to the specific application needs.
Configurable logic blocks M11396-4 v9
A number of logic blocks and timers are available for the
user to adapt the configuration to the specific
application needs.
•OR function block.
•INVERTER function blocks that inverts the input
signal.
•PULSETIMER function block can be used, for example,
for pulse extensions or limiting of operation of
outputs.
•GATE function block is used for whether or not a
signal should be able to pass from the input to the
output.
•XOR function block.
•LOOPDELAY function block used to delay the output
signal one execution cycle.
•TIMERSET function has pick-up and drop-out delayed
outputs related to the input signal. The timer has a
settable time delay.
•AND function block.
•SRMEMORY function block is a flip-flop that can set or
reset an output from two inputs respectively. Each
block has two outputs where one is inverted. The
memory setting controls if the block should be reset
or return to the state before the interruption, after a
power interruption. Set input has priority.
•RSMEMORY function block is a flip-flop that can reset
or set an output from two inputs respectively. Each
block has two outputs where one is inverted. The
memory setting controls if the block should be reset
or return to the state before the interruption, after a
power interruption. Reset input has priority.
Boolean 16 to Integer conversion B16I SEMOD175725-4 v3
Boolean 16 to integer conversion function (B16I) is used
to transform a set of 16 binary (logical) signals into an
integer.
Boolean 16 to Integer conversion with logic node
representation B16IFCVI SEMOD175781-4 v4
Boolean 16 to integer conversion with logic node
representation function (B16IFCVI) is used to transform
a set of 16 binary (logical) signals into an integer.
Integer to Boolean 16 conversion IB16A SEMOD158373-5 v3
Integer to boolean 16 conversion function (IB16A) is
used to transform an integer into a set of 16 binary
(logical) signals.
Integer to Boolean 16 conversion with logic node
representation IB16FCVB SEMOD158421-5 v4
Integer to boolean conversion with logic node
representation function (IB16FCVB) is used to transform
an integer to 16 binary (logic) signals.
IB16FCVB function can receive remote values over
IEC61850 depending on the operator position input
(PSTO).
11. Monitoring
Measurements CVMMXN, CMMXU, VNMMXU,
VMMXU, CMSQI, VMSQI M12024-3 v6
The measurement functions are used to get on-line
information from the IED. These service values make it
possible to display on-line information on the local HMI
and on the Substation automation system about:
Line distance protection REL650
1MRK 506 328-BEN B
Version 1.1 IEC
20 ABB Power Grids
© Copyright 2011 ABB Power Grids. All rights reserved