Analytik Jena novAA 800 User manual

Operating Manual
novAA 800
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer

Analytik Jena AG
Konrad-Zuse-Str.1
07745 Jena Germany
Phone + 49 3641 77 70
Fax + 49 3641 77 92 79
Email [e-mail]
Analytik Jena AG
Konrad-Zuse-Str. 1
07745 Jena Germany
Phone + 49 3641 / 77-7407 (Hotline)
Email [e-mail]
http://www.analytik-jena.com
novAA is a registered trademark of Analytik Jena AG.
Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corp.
The identification with ® or TM is omitted in this manual.
10-1430-002-23
04.19
Analytik Jena AG
© Copyright 2019, Analytik Jena AG
Manufacturer
Service
General information
Copyrights and
Trademarks
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Edition
Implementation of the
Technical Documentation

novAA 800 Contents
3
Contents
1Basic information............................................................................................................. 7
1.1 Notes on this user manual .......................................................................................... 7
1.2 Intended use ............................................................................................................... 8
1.3 Warranty and liability.................................................................................................. 8
2Safety instructions ........................................................................................................... 9
2.1 General notes.............................................................................................................. 9
2.2 Safety labeling on the device ...................................................................................... 9
2.3 Requirements for the operating personnel ............................................................... 11
2.4 Safety instructions, transport and installation .......................................................... 11
2.5 Safety instructions for operation............................................................................... 12
2.5.1 Safety instructions for electrical equipment.............................................................. 12
2.5.2 Hazards associated with the operation of the flame and the graphite furnace......... 13
2.5.3 Safety instructions relating to the formation of ozone and toxic vapors................... 14
2.5.4 Safety instructions for compressed gas cylinders and systems.................................. 14
2.5.5 Handling of samples, auxiliary and operating materials ........................................... 15
2.5.6 Decontamination in case of biological contamination .............................................. 16
2.6 Behavior during emergencies.................................................................................... 16
2.7 Safety instructions: service and repair....................................................................... 17
3Function and setup ........................................................................................................ 18
3.1 AAS techniques ......................................................................................................... 18
3.2 Optical principle ........................................................................................................ 19
3.3 Measurement principle............................................................................................. 21
3.4 Lamp turrets and lamps ............................................................................................ 21
3.5 Electrothermal atomizer ........................................................................................... 22
3.5.1 Graphite tube furnace ............................................................................................... 24
3.5.2 Gas flows in the furnace shroud................................................................................ 25
3.5.3 Graphite tube variations, furnace parts and inserts .................................................. 26
3.5.4 Radiation sensor ....................................................................................................... 27
3.5.5 Furnace camera......................................................................................................... 27
3.6 Accessories for the graphite tube technique ............................................................. 27
3.6.1 Autosampler AS-GF................................................................................................... 27
3.6.2 Mobile cooling unit KM 5.......................................................................................... 28
3.7 Flame system ............................................................................................................ 29
3.7.1 Automatic gas control ............................................................................................... 29
3.7.2 Burner-nebulizer system........................................................................................... 30
3.7.3 Burner and flame type .............................................................................................. 32
3.7.4 Sensors...................................................................................................................... 33
3.8 Accessories for flame technique................................................................................ 33
3.8.1 Autosamplers AS-F and AS-FD.................................................................................. 33
3.8.2 Piston compressor PLANET L-S50-15....................................................................... 35
3.8.3 Injection module SFS 6.............................................................................................. 35
3.8.4 Scraper – automatic cleaner of the burner head....................................................... 36
3.9 Optional accessory – Air Purge Kit ............................................................................ 37
3.10 Optional accessory – hydride systems....................................................................... 37
4Installation and initial start-up .................................................................................... 38
4.1 Installation conditions............................................................................................... 38
4.1.1 Environmental conditions ......................................................................................... 39
4.1.2 Energy supply............................................................................................................ 40
4.1.3 Gas supply ................................................................................................................. 41
4.1.4 Exhaust unit .............................................................................................................. 42
4.1.5 Space requirement, weight and device layout........................................................... 43
4.2 Supply and control connections ................................................................................ 48
4.3 Removing the transport locks ................................................................................... 51

Contents novAA 800
4
4.4 Placing and connecting the novAA 800 .................................................................... 53
4.5 Installing and starting the ASpect LS software ......................................................... 53
4.6 Loading the lamp turret and adjusting the lamps..................................................... 53
4.6.1 Removing and installing the hollow cathode lamp................................................... 55
4.6.2 Removing and installing the deuterium hollow cathode lamp.................................. 55
4.6.3 Configuring the lamp turret in ASpect LS.................................................................. 56
4.6.4 Adjusting the lamps.................................................................................................. 58
4.7 Changing the atomization technique........................................................................ 60
4.8 Graphite tube technique ........................................................................................... 62
4.8.1 Connections in the sample chamber for the graphite tube technique ...................... 62
4.8.2 Default settings in the software for the graphite technique ..................................... 63
4.8.3 Inserting the graphite tube into the furnace............................................................. 65
4.8.4 Formation of the graphite tube furnace.................................................................... 67
4.8.5 Cleaning / baking out the graphite tube................................................................... 68
4.9 Installing and adjusting the autosampler AS-GF....................................................... 68
4.9.1 Installing the autosampler........................................................................................ 68
4.9.2 Adjusting the sampler............................................................................................... 71
4.9.3 Loading the sample tray ........................................................................................... 72
4.9.4 Uninstalling the autosampler.................................................................................... 73
4.10 Installing the flame technique .................................................................................. 74
4.10.1 Connections in the sample chamber for the flame technique................................... 74
4.10.2 Software presettings for the flame technique........................................................... 75
4.10.3 Installation for manual sample introduction............................................................. 75
4.10.4 Installation for continuous operation / sample introduction via autosampler.......... 77
4.10.5 Installing the injection module SFS 6........................................................................ 81
4.10.6 Replacing the burner................................................................................................. 82
4.10.7 Installing the scraper................................................................................................. 82
4.11 Starting up the novAA 800 with accessories............................................................. 83
4.11.1 Switching on sequence.............................................................................................. 83
4.11.2 Switching off sequence ............................................................................................. 84
5Service and maintenance .............................................................................................. 85
5.1 Maintenance overview.............................................................................................. 86
5.2 Maintaining the basic device .................................................................................... 88
5.2.1 Replacing the fuses ................................................................................................... 88
5.2.2 Cleaning the sample chamber................................................................................... 89
5.2.3 Checking the gas connections for leaks..................................................................... 89
5.3 Graphite tube furnace ............................................................................................... 89
5.3.1 Cleaning the furnace windows.................................................................................. 90
5.3.2 Cleaning the graphite surfaces.................................................................................. 91
5.3.3 Cleaning and changing the graphite tube ................................................................. 91
5.3.4 Replacing electrodes and furnace shroud ................................................................. 92
5.4 Burner-nebulizer system........................................................................................... 98
5.4.1 Taking the burner-nebulizer system apart................................................................ 99
5.4.2 Cleaning the burner ................................................................................................ 101
5.4.3 Cleaning the nebulizer ............................................................................................ 102
5.4.4 Cleaning the mixing chamber ................................................................................. 102
5.4.5 Cleaning the siphon ................................................................................................ 103
5.4.6 Assembling the burner-nebulizer system................................................................ 103
5.4.7 Aligning the atomizer within the beam path.......................................................... 105
5.4.8 Cleaning the sensor for burner detection................................................................ 106
5.5 Autosampler graphite AS-GF .................................................................................. 106
5.5.1 Purging the dosing tube.......................................................................................... 107
5.5.2 Servicing the dosing tube........................................................................................ 108
5.5.3 Replacing the dosing syringe .................................................................................. 110
5.5.4 Cleaning the autosampler after cup overflow ......................................................... 111
5.6 Autosamplers AS-F, AS-FD...................................................................................... 111
5.6.1 Washing the sample path ....................................................................................... 111
5.6.2 Washing the mixing cup of the AS-FD .................................................................... 112

novAA 800 Contents
5
5.6.3 Replacing the cannulas and guide on the autosampler arm of the AS-FD .............. 112
5.6.4 Replacing the cannula on the autosampler arm of the AS-F................................... 113
5.6.5 Replacing the intake tube ....................................................................................... 113
5.6.6 Replacing the tube set on the AS-FD ...................................................................... 113
5.6.7 Cleaning up after cup overflow ............................................................................... 114
5.7 Cooling unit KM 5 ................................................................................................... 114
5.8 Piston compressor PLANET L-S50-15..................................................................... 115
6Troubleshooting........................................................................................................... 116
6.1 Troubleshooting according to software messages .................................................. 116
6.2 Equipment faults and analytical problems.............................................................. 119
7Transport and storage.................................................................................................122
7.1 Preparing the novAA 800 for transport .................................................................. 122
7.2 Ambient conditions for transport and storage ........................................................ 123
8Disposal......................................................................................................................... 124
9Specification ................................................................................................................. 125
9.1 Technical data......................................................................................................... 125
9.1.1 Data on the novAA 800........................................................................................... 125
9.1.2 Minimum requirements of the ASpect LS software................................................. 129
9.1.3 Data for the graphite tube technique...................................................................... 130
9.1.4 Data for the flame technique .................................................................................. 131
9.1.5 Accessories data...................................................................................................... 132
9.2 Guidelines and standards........................................................................................ 134
10 CE Declaration of Conformity......................................................................................135
11 Index ............................................................................................................................. 136
Figures
Fig. 1 Safety markings on the rear of the device.......................................................... 9
Fig. 2 Safety markings on the front and side panels of the device ........................... 10
Fig. 3 Sample chamber of the novAA 800 D .............................................................. 18
Fig. 4 Sample chamber of the novAA 800 F............................................................... 19
Fig. 5 Optical diagram of the novAA 800................................................................... 20
Fig. 6 Lamp turret with reader .................................................................................... 22
Fig. 7 Graphite furnace in the sample chamber......................................................... 23
Fig. 8 Graphite furnace, opened.................................................................................. 24
Fig. 9 Inner and outer gas flows in the graphite furnace .......................................... 25
Fig. 10 Graphite furnace shroud................................................................................ 26
Fig. 11 Variants of the graphite tube........................................................................ 26
Fig. 12 Furnace shroud, adapters and inserts .......................................................... 27
Fig. 13 Autosampler AS-GF ....................................................................................... 28
Fig. 14 Nebulizer-mixing-chamber-burner-system................................................. 31
Fig. 15 Mixing chamber and nebulizer, disassembled............................................. 32
Fig. 16 Burner types ................................................................................................... 33
Fig. 17 Autosampler AS-FD with separate Fluidics module .................................... 34
Fig. 18 Injection module SFS 6.................................................................................. 36
Fig. 19 Scraper mounted to a 50-mm burner head................................................. 37
Fig. 20 Dimensions of the novAA 800 – front view................................................. 45
Fig. 21 Dimensions of the novAA 800 (with AS-FD and Fluidics module) ............ 45
Fig. 22 Dimensions of the novAA 800 (with autosampler AS-GF)......................... 46
Fig. 23 Installation diagram novAA 800 with exhaust unit .................................... 47
Fig. 24 novAA 800 – side view with carrying handles............................................. 48

Contents novAA 800
6
Fig. 25 Supply and control connection panel ........................................................... 49
Fig. 26 Rear view novAA 800 with connections and fuses ..................................... 49
Fig. 27 Fuses and electrical connections .................................................................. 50
Fig. 28 Gas and cooling water connections.............................................................. 50
Fig. 29 Transport lock on the novAA 800 ................................................................ 52
Fig. 30 Transport locks on the graphite furnace...................................................... 52
Fig. 31 Arrangement of the lamp turret and bracket of the D2-HCL...................... 54
Fig. 32 Cover plate on the left side panel................................................................. 54
Fig. 33 D2-HCL holder installed in the lamp chamber............................................. 56
Fig. 34 D2-HCL with holder, removed from the lamp chamber.............................. 56
Fig. 35 Window SELECT LAMP/ELEMENT...................................................................... 57
Fig. 36 Window LAMP TURRET..................................................................................... 58
Fig. 37 Window SPECTROMETER –ENERGY................................................................... 59
Fig. 38 Changing the atomization technique........................................................... 60
Fig. 39 Elements in the sample chamber for the graphite furnace technique ...... 62
Fig. 40 Connections on the graphite furnace........................................................... 63
Fig. 41 MAIN SETTINGS window in ASpect LS ............................................................. 64
Fig. 42 Dialog window Furnace / Control................................................................. 65
Fig. 43 Opened graphite furnace with graphite tube.............................................. 66
Fig. 44 Installed AS-GF .............................................................................................. 69
Fig. 45 AS-GF with screws for aligning the furnace ................................................ 70
Fig. 46 AS-GF adjusted .............................................................................................. 71
Fig. 47 Connections on the burner-nebulizer system.............................................. 74
Fig. 48 Connections on the sample chamber walls.................................................. 74
Fig. 49 MAIN SETTINGS window in the ASpect LS software....................................... 75
Fig. 50 Flame technique, manual sample introduction........................................... 76
Fig. 51 Flame mode, continuous with autosamplers AS-FD and SFS 6 ................. 77
Fig. 52 Rear view of the autosampler AS-FD ........................................................... 79
Fig. 53 Dosing unit at the Fluidics module of the AS-FD ........................................ 80
Fig. 54 SFS 6 for manual sample introduction, installed ........................................ 81
Fig. 55 Screws on the front burner jaw .................................................................... 83
Fig. 56 Fastening rail / knurled head screws on the scraper .................................. 83
Fig. 57 Markings on the furnace windows ............................................................... 91
Fig. 58 Electrodes and graphite tube sheath ........................................................... 92
Fig. 59 Furnace tools.................................................................................................. 92
Fig. 60 Removing and disassembling the burner-nebulizer system....................... 99
Fig. 61 Mixing chamber and nebulizer disassembled for cleaning ........................ 99
Fig. 62 Withdrawing the nebulizer from the mixing chamber ............................. 100
Fig. 63 Screw joints of the burner........................................................................... 101
Fig. 64 Burner, disassembled .................................................................................. 102
Fig. 65 Spacers inserted in burner jaws.................................................................. 102
Fig. 66 Components of the nebulizer...................................................................... 105
Fig. 67 Adjustment screw for aligning the atomizer ............................................. 105
Fig. 68 Openings of the sensor system for the burner detection ......................... 106
Fig. 69 AUTOSAMPLER window, FUNCTION TESTS tab ................................................. 107
Fig. 70 ADJUST SAMPLER window............................................................................... 108
Fig. 71 Dosing tube on the AS-GF........................................................................... 108
Fig. 72 Dosing unit at AS-GF and AS-FD ................................................................ 110
Fig. 73 Inserting the transport locks for the graphite furnace.............................. 123

novAA 800 Basic information
7
1Basic information
1.1 Notes on this user manual
The user manual describes the following models of the novAA product family:
novAA 800 D – Combined device for flame and graphite furnace techniques
novAA 800 F for flame technique
novAA 800 G for graphite furnace technique
In this manual all these devices are collectively called novAA 800. Any differences be-
tween the models are explained in the relevant section. Unless otherwise stated, the
device shown on the illustrations is the combined device novAA 800 D.
The novAA 800 is intended for operation by qualified specialist personnel observing
this user manual.
This user manual is addressed to personnel familiar with analysis and provides infor-
mation about the design and function of the novAA 800 and the necessary know-how
for the safe handling of the device and its components. Furthermore, the user manual
includes information on the maintenance and servicing of the device as well as hints
on potential causes for malfunctions and their correction.
Instructions for actions which occur in chronological order are numbered and com-
bined in action units.
Warnings are marked by a warning triangle and a signal word. The type, source and
consequences of the danger are stated together with notes on preventing the danger.
The elements of the control and analysis program are indicated as follows:
Terms used in the program are identified with SMALL CAPS (e.g., Menu FILE).
Buttons are identified by square brackets (e.g., [OK] button)
Menu items are separated by arrows (e.g. FILE OPEN)
The user manual uses the following symbols and signal words to indicate hazards or
instructions. The safety instructions are always placed before an action.
WARNING
Indicates a potentially hazardous situati
on which might cause fatal or very serious
injuries (deformations).
CAUTION
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which might cause minor or moderate inju-
ries.
NOTICE
Indicates potential damage to equipment or the environment.
Conventions
Symbols and signal words

Basic information novAA 800
8
1.2 Intended use
The novAA 800 is an atomic absorption spectrophotometer with deuterium back-
ground correction that can be used for the sequential determination of traces of met-
als and semi-metals in liquid or dissolved samples in routine analysis as well as for
research purposes. Depending on the model, the device is equipped with a transversely
heated graphite tube atomizer and/or a flame atomizer.
For the hydride technique and the HydrEA technique (used for coupling with the
graphite furnace) there are hydride systems for batch and continuous operation.
The novAA 800 may only be used for atomic absorption spectrometry with the tech-
niques described in this manual. Any departure from the instructions for proper use
may lead to warranty restrictions and reduced manufacturer liability in the case of
damage.
Not observing the safety instructions when handling the novAA 800 is considered non-
compliant use deviating from the intended purpose. Safety instructions are to be found
especially on the equipment itself, in section "Safety instructions" on page 9 and in the
description of the relevant work steps.
1.3 Warranty and liability
The warranty duration and liability comply with the legal requirements and the provi-
sions in the general terms and conditions of Analytik Jena.
Deviations from the intended use described in this user manual result in limitations of
warranty and liability during a damage event. Damage to wearing parts is not included
in the warranty.
Warranty and liability claims are excluded for personal injury and property damage if
they can be attributed to the following causes:
use of the device other than intended
improper commissioning, operation and maintenance of the device
modifications of the equipment without prior consultation with Analytik Jena
operation of the device with faulty safety equipment or improperly fitted safety and
protection equipment
inadequate monitoring of the equipment components subject to wear
use of other than original spare parts, wearing parts or consumables
improper repairs
faults due to the non-observance of this user manual

novAA 800 Safety instructions
9
2Safety instructions
2.1 General notes
For your own safety and to ensure error-free and safe operation of the novAA800,
please read this chapter carefully before using the appliance.
Observe all safety notes listed in this user manual and all messages and notes dis-
played by the control and analysis program ASpect LS on the monitor.
Besides the safety instructions in this user manual and the local safety regulations that
apply to the operation of the device, the general applicable regulations regarding acci-
dent prevention, occupational health and safety and environmental protection have to
be observed and complied with.
References to potential dangers do not replace the work protection regulations which
must be observed.
2.2 Safety labeling on the device
Warnings and information symbols have been attached to the novAA 800 which must
always be observed.
Damaged or missing warnings and information symbols can cause incorrect actions
leading to personal injury or material damage! Labels containing symbols must not be
removed or moistened with methanol! Damaged symbol labels must be replaced with-
out delay!
Fig. 1 Safety markings on the rear of the device
Rear of the device

Safety instructions novAA 800
10
Number Warning / Information symbol Meaning
scope of application
1
The device contains restricted substances.
Analytik Jena guarantees, that those hazardous
substances may not leak out during the next 25
years when the device is used in accordance with
its intended purpose.
2 Caution! Disconnect AC line before removing
cover.
Changing mains fuse only by authorized
personnel.
Warning only for novAA 800 D + G
Before opening the device hood switch off the
device and disconnect the mains plug from the
mains connection.
The main inlet fuses (F1, F2) may only be re-
placed by Analytic Jena customer service and au-
thorized technical personnel.
3 Warning! Voltage on power point also by switched
off AAS power switch! Pay close attention to the
limit of the admissible current when connecting
up individual components. Fuse also in N-Line!
(For meaning see warning text)
4
Unlock power cable before opening!
Before opening the device hood switch off the
device and disconnect the mains plug from the
mains connection.
Fig. 2 Safety markings on the front and side panels of the device
Front and side panels of
the device

novAA 800 Safety instructions
11
Number Warning / Information symbol Meaning
scope of application
1
Hot surfaces! Risk of burns at the hot graphite
furnace and burner! (Position: at the height ad-
justment)
2
Read the operating manual before commencing
work. (Position: at the mains switch on the right-
side of novAA 800)
3 Caution! Hot surface!
Caution! Emission of UV radiation!
Hot surfaces! Risk of burns at the hot graphite
furnace and burner!
Dangerous UV radiation!
Do not look into the lamp beam, into the flame or
the graphite furnace without UV protection
goggles.
Danger of short circuit!
Handling with jewels not allowed!
Short circuit warning only for novAA 800 D + G
Do not wear any metallic jewelry (especially
around the neck). Not observing this instruction
may cause a short circuit in the electrically heated
furnace. The jewelry may become very hot and
cause burns.
4 Warning! Switch off lamps when door is opened! The ultraviolet light emitted by the (deuterium)
hollow cathode lamps can cause eye and skin
damage. Turn off the lamp current via ASpect LS
software before opening the lamp chamber.
2.3 Requirements for the operating personnel
The novAA 800 must only be operated by qualified specialist personnel instructed in
the use of the device. The instruction must also include conveying the content of this
user manual and the user manuals of other system components.
In addition to the safety at work instructions in this user manual the generally applica-
ble safety and accident prevention regulations of the respective country of operation
must be observed and adhered to. The operator must ascertain the latest version of
these regulations.
The user manual must be accessible to the operating and service personnel at any
time!
2.4 Safety instructions, transport and installation
Observe the following notes:
The novAA 800 is always installed by the service department of Analytik Jena or by
specialist personnel that was authorized and trained by Analytik Jena. Independent
assembly and installation are not permitted. Incorrect installation can create seri-
ous hazards.

Safety instructions novAA 800
12
The various different models of the novAA 800 product family weigh between 95
and 130 kg. Use a lift truck to transport the device.
Four people are required to move the device in the laboratory by holding the device
on four firmly screwed-in carrying handles.
Perform a professional and documented decontamination of the device before
returning it to Analytik Jena. The decontamination protocol is provided by the ser-
vice when the return is registered. Analytik Jena must refuse acceptance of contam-
inated devices. The sender may be liable for any damage caused by inadequate de-
contamination of the device.
The novAA 800 must not be operated in an explosive environment.
Smoking and open flames in the operating room of the novAA 800 are prohibited!
The operator is responsible for establishing a control method to ensure that the
NO2and acetylene connectors are leak-tight.
2.5 Safety instructions for operation
Prior to starting up the device, the operator of the novAA 800 must verify the
proper condition of the device including the condition of its safety equipment. This
applies in particular after each modification or extension of the device or its repair.
The device must only be operated if all protective equipment (e.g. covers and
doors) are in place, properly installed and fully operational. The sound condition of
the protection and safety equipment must be checked regularly. Any defects must
be corrected as soon as they occur. Protective and safety equipment must never be
removed, modified or switched off during operation.
During operation, the operator must have free access to all connections and the
power switch on the right side of the device as well as to the power strip.
The ventilation equipment on the device must be in good working condition. Cov-
ered ventilation grilles or slits etc. may cause the device to break down or damage
the device. When placing the device and system components observe a minimum
clearance of 150 mm to walls and neighboring installations.
Prevent any liquids from entering the inside of the instrument. The liquids might
get into contact with electronic components and cause a short circuit.
2.5.1 Safety instructions for electrical equipment
Work on the electrical components of the novAA 800 may only be performed by a
qualified electrical technician according to applicable electro-technical regulations.
Lethal voltages may occur in the device! Contact with live components may cause
death, serious injury or painful electrical shock.
Observe the following notes:
The mains plug must be connected to a proper CEE power socket to ensure that the
device meets protection class I (ground connector). The device may only be con-
nected to power sources whose nominal voltage is the same as that on the type
Protection against explo-
sion and fire

novAA 800 Safety instructions
13
plate of the equipment. The protective effect must not be invalidated by the use of
an extension line which does not have a protective conductor.
The novAA 800 and its system components must always be switched off before
being connected with one another.
The auxiliary components that are to communicate with each other, for example
PC, monitor, printer, hydride system and cooling unit, have to be connected to the
power strip that is supplied with the device. The compressor needs a separate pow-
er supply. When connecting own components to the power strip, observe the max-
imum allowable drain current (see section "Energy supply" on page 40).
Before opening the device it must be switched off on the device switch and the
mains connector must be disconnected from the mains outlet!
The novAA 800 must be switched off before carrying out any electrical work and
the mains plug must be pulled out. Safe disconnection from the mains can only be
achieved by pulling out the mains plug. The power strip is still energized, even
when the novAA 800 is switched off at the mains switch on the right side wall. The
power strip socket to which the novAA 800 is connected is protected by a fuse in
both wires, one in the L conductor (line) and one in the N conductor (neutral). This
can mean in the case of a fault that connected components are supplied with volt-
age via the L-line, but no current can flow through the N-line, i.e., without a more
thorough check, the connected devices appear to be voltage-free, which is not true.
Any work on the electronics (behind the device enclosure) may only be carried out
by the customer service of Analytik Jena and specially authorized technicians.
2.5.2 Hazards associated with the operation of the flame and the graphite furnace
HCL, D2-HCL, the heated graphite tube (T > 1000 °C) and the flame of the burner
transmit optical radiation (in the UV range and the visible range). Do not look into
the rays emitted by the lamp, the graphite tube or the flame without UV protection
goggles. Protect the skin against UV radiation.
Switch off the lamp by means of the control and analysis software ASpect LS before
opening the lamp door: Set the lamp current in [mA] to zero in the OPTICAL
PARAMETERS section of the SPECTROMETER / CONTROL window. Open the drop-down
list BACKGROUND CORRECTION and select the option NO BACKGROUND. Click [CONFIGURE].
Negate the error message.
To observe the placement of the samples or the drying of liquid samples, the dental
mirror may only be inserted into the beam path from the left side of the graphite
furnace. When observing on the right side of the furnace, UV radiation may be re-
flected.
The sample chamber door (safety glass pane) must be closed and the flame super-
vised when it is burning. Ensure that the flame detector is working correctly.
For devices with hydride technique, only work with the sample chamber door (safe-
ty glass pane) closed.
The fuel gas pressure must not fall below 70 kPa to prevent the flame from firing
back. The integrated pressure sensor will automatically switch off the novAA 800 if
this condition is not met. In addition to that, monitor the pressure on the pressure
gage of the gas supply.

Safety instructions novAA 800
14
When using graphite furnace technique, do not look into the graphite furnace
opening without wearing protective goggles. Sputtering sample substances and hot
graphite particles may cause eye and face injuries.
High temperatures occur during flame and graphite furnace operation. Do not
touch hot parts such as the burner head or the graphite furnace during or immedi-
ately after a measurement. Observe the required cooling times.
Do not wear any metallic jewelry (especially around the neck) when working with
the novAA 800 D and G. Not observing this instruction may cause a short circuit in
the electrically heated furnace. In case of a short circuit, the jewelry may become
very hot and cause burns.
Electromagnetic dispersion fields with flux densities ≤ 100 µT occur in the vicinity
of the sample chamber due to the heating of the graphite tube.
When using graphite furnace technique, the sound level may rise up to 55 dBA. If
the nitrous-oxide-acetylene flame blows back into the mixing chamber, the mo-
mentary sound level lies below 130 dBA.
2.5.3 Safety instructions relating to the formation of ozone and toxic vapors
The UV radiation of the hollow cathode lamps (HCL, D2-HCL) and the N2O/acetylene
flame causes an interaction with the surrounding air to form toxic concentrations of
ozone exceeding the permissible limit. Furthermore, toxic byproducts may escape from
the samples or while the samples are processed.
Observe the following note:
The novAA 800 may only be operated when the exhaust unit is activated.
Always keep the sample chamber closed when the flame is lit.
2.5.4 Safety instructions for compressed gas cylinders and systems
Observe the following notes:
The operating gases (argon, acetylene and nitrous oxide) are taken from com-
pressed gas containers or local compressed gas systems. The required purity of the
gases must be ensured.
Pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air must not be used as an oxidant when using
flame technique. There is a risk of explosion.
Work on compressed gas cylinders and systems must only be carried out by individ-
uals with specialist knowledge and experience in compressed gas systems.
The safety instructions and guidelines for operating compressed gas cylinders or
compressed gas systems that apply at the operating location must be strictly com-
plied with.
Compressed air hoses and pressure reducers may only be used for the assigned
gases.
Incoming piping, screwed joints and pressure reducers for nitrous oxide (N2O) must
be kept free of grease.
Pay particular attention to escaping acetylene! Combined with air, acetylene forms
highly flammable mixtures. The gas can be identified by its distinct garlic-like odor.

novAA 800 Safety instructions
15
Operate the acetylene cylinder only in an upright position and secured against fall-
ing over. When the cylinder pressure is lower than 100 kPa, the acetylene cylinder
must be replaced to avoid acetone entering the automatic gas control.
The operator must carry out weekly safety checks regarding the status and for leaks
on all gas supplies and connectors including the ones on the device itself. Possible
pressure losses from closed systems and lines under pressure are to be determined.
Leaks and damaged must be repaired without delay.
The gas supply must be closed prior to inspections, service and repairs!
After successful repair and service of the components of the compressed air cylin-
ders or system the device must be checked for sound operation prior to recommis-
sioning!
Unauthorized assembly and installation are not permitted!
After changing the gas cylinder, thoroughly ventilate the cylinder location.
2.5.5 Handling of samples, auxiliary and operating materials
The operator is responsible for the selection of substances used in the process as well
as for their safe handling. This is particularly important for radioactive, infectious,
poisonous, corrosive, combustible, explosive and otherwise dangerous substances.
Observe the following notes:
When handling dangerous substances local safety codes and guidelines must be
observed.
Warnings on the labels must always be observed. Only use labeled tubes. Use suit-
able body protection (laboratory coat, safety goggles and rubber gloves) when
handling samples.
The novAA 800 must only be operated under an activated laboratory exhaust hood
(hazards arising from the formation of ozone, combustion gases produced by the
samples, poisonous and combustible by-products from sample preparation pro-
cesses).
Keep flammable and explosive substances away from the flame.
Cleaning with hydrofluoric acid must be carried out in an exhaust chamber. The
operator must wear a rubber apron, gloves and a face mask when handling hy-
drofluoric acid.
Sodium borohydride (NaBH4)is highly corrosive, hygroscopic and, in solution,
extremely aggressive. Avoid dripping and spilling of reduction agent.
Biological samples must be handled according to local guidelines regarding the
handling of infectious material.
When measuring material containing cyanide you have to make sure that prussic
acid cannot be generated in the waste bottle, i.e. the waste solution must not be
acidic.
Ensure that all residue liquid from the nebulizer and the automatic sampler is di-
rected into the waste bottle supplied.
The operator is responsible for ensuring that waste materials such as drained
coolant and residue liquid from the waste bottle are disposed of in an environmen-
tally responsible manner and according to local regulations.

Safety instructions novAA 800
16
Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) Flammable, highly volatile, noxious-smelling
Toluene Flammable, hazardous to health
Kerosene Flammable, hazardous to the aquatic environment,
hazardous to health
Methanol, ethanol, propanol Flammable, partly acutely toxic
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) flammable, hazardous to health, extremely volatile,
dissolves polyethylene and polystyrene
This list is not exhaustive. Other solvents could be considered when using the no-
vAA 800. If in doubt about the potential hazards ask the manufacturer to provide more
detailed information.
2.5.6 Decontamination in case of biological contamination
Observe the following notes:
The operator is responsible for carrying out suitable decontamination should the
device be contaminated externally or internally with dangerous substances.
Spots, drops or larger spillages should be removed and cleaned using an absorbent
material such as cotton wool, laboratory wipes or cellulose.
Then, wipe the affected area with a suitable disinfectant such as Incidin Plus solu-
tion.
Before using a cleaning or decontamination procedure other than that prescribed
by the manufacturer, the user is required to check with the manufacturer that the
intended procedure will not damage the device. Safety labels attached to the no-
vAA 800 must not be moistened with methanol.
2.6 Behavior during emergencies
Observe the following notes:
If there is no immediate risk of injury, in hazardous situations or in case of acci-
dents, immediately switch off the novAA 800 using the mains contactor on the
right side wall of the device. Disconnect the mains plug from the mains socket.
Make sure that the mains plug is readily accessible.
Switch off the installed components using the mains switch of the connected power
strip. Ensure that the positioning of the power strip allows quick access.
Caution! For the PC there is a risk of data loss and damage to the operating system!
Close the gas supply immediately after switching off the devices, if possible.
Examples of organic
solvents

novAA 800 Safety instructions
17
2.7 Safety instructions: service and repair
Observe the following notes:
The novAA 800 is categorically unpacked and assembled by the customer service
department of Analytik Jena or its authorized and trained specialist personnel. Un-
authorized servicing can lead to maladjustment or damage of the device. There-
fore, the tasks that the operator is allowed to carry out are strictly limited to the
tasks listed in chapter "Service and maintenance" on page 85.
The exterior of the novAA 800 must only be cleaned with a damp – not dripping –
cloth. Use only water and, if required, customary surfactants.
For cleaning the sample compartment and transport channels (tube system) of the
novAA 800 the operator is required to establish appropriate safety precautions –
particularly in terms of contaminated and infectious materials.
If water or other liquids are found to leak out of the instrument, contact the Analyt-
ik Jena service engineers.

Function and setup novAA 800
18
3Function and setup
3.1 AAS techniques
The following atomization techniques are available for the devices of the novAA 800
product family:
Atomization technique novAA 800 F novAA 800 G novAA 800 D
Burner-nebulizer system
(flame technique)

-

Transversely heated
graphite tube
(graphite furnace tech-
nique)
-
 
Cell unit
(hydride and mercury cold
vapor technique)
  
Transversely heated
graphite tube with
Ir/Au coating
(HydrEA technique)
-
 
Fig. 3 Sample chamber of the novAA 800 D
In the combined device novAA 800 D the flame atomizer and the graphite furnace are
both attached to a bracket on the height adjustment that can be tilted by 60°. Tilting
the bracket forwards into locking position puts the graphite furnace into the optical
axis. Tilting the bracket backwards up to an adjustable stop puts the flame unit into
the optical axis. Since both atomizers are aligned with the axis, changing from one
atomization techniques to the next can be done in a few minutes. The control and
analysis software ASpect LS uses the height adjustment to move the atomizer into the
correct operating position automatically. The depth of the atomizer within the sample

novAA 800 Function and setup
19
chamber is factory preset and may be adjusted manually for the flame atomizer using
an adjustment screw.
The novAA 800 F (flame) and the novAA 800 G (graphite) are both equipped with one
atomizer.
Fig. 4 Sample chamber of the novAA 800 F
The core element of the graphite furnace mode is a closed, transversely heated graph-
ite furnace into which the samples are loaded from the top.
For flame operation, the novAA 800 is designed as a double-beam instrument, which
can also be used in single-beam operation. Core piece of the flame mode is the mix-
ing-chamber-nebulizer system with direction-independent stable nebulizer.
The time-controlled infection module SFS 6 is available for the flame injection tech-
nique. It switches the valves in a constant stream of carrier solution to couple the sam-
ple segments.
The hydride technique with latest-generation hydride systems (HS 50, HS 55 modular,
HS 60 modular) is the preferred process for the detection-sensitive determination of
the hydride-forming elements As, Bi, Sb, Se, Sn, Te and Hg. The cell unit of the hydride
system is placed on the mixing chamber instead of the burner in the novAA 800 D
and F and on the clamped connector in the novAA 800 G.
Alternatively, the combined device novAA 800 D and the novAA 800 G allow coupling
hydride technique with graphite furnace technique. The HydrEA technique ("Hydride
technique with electro-thermal atomization") consists in accumulating metal hydrides
or mercury vapor on the iridium-coated or gold-coated graphite tube and atomizing
them at temperatures of 2100 °C (metal hydrides) or 800 °C (mercury). This allows
attaining a very high sensitivity.
3.2 Optical principle
The novAA 800 is a double-beam instrument, which can be used in single or double
beam mode, depending on the selected technique. On the left side the 8-lamp turret
(item 8 in Fig. 5) is vertically arranged. The lamp turret can be equipped with

Function and setup novAA 800
20
1.5" hollow cathode lamps (HCL) as the primary radiation source. In front of the lamp
turret there also is a deuterium hollow cathode lamp (D2-HCL) (item 7 in Fig. 5) in
vertical arrangement for the classical background compensation.
An optical beam splitter (item 9 in Fig. 5) with reflection and transmission fields in
chess-board pattern unites the radiation of the active primary HCL with the continuum
radiation of the D2-HCL and splits it simultaneously into the sample and reference
beams. Identical beam paths with the same beam distribution and density in the spa-
tial angle used for both radiation sources ensure the optimal background compensa-
tion with the D2-HCL.
The reference beam is routed behind the sample chamber. A rotating sector mirror
(item 5 in Fig. 5) with 90° reflection sector and transmission sector brings the sample
and reference beams together.
For the graphite furnace technique with D2background correction, the novAA 800 is
operated as a single-beam instrument.
Fig. 5 Optical diagram of the novAA 800
1 Monochromator mirror
2
Mesh
3
Slit aperture
4
Si-hybrid receiver
5
Sector mirror
6
Atomizer: graphite furnace or
burner-nebulizer system
7 Deuterium hollow cathode lamp ((D
2
-HCL)
8
Lamp turret with 8 hollow cathode lamps
9
Beam splitter mirror
The sample beam or combined sample/reference beam is projected onto the entrance
slit of a mesh monochromator (items 1 and 2 in Fig. 5). The mesh monochromator is
equipped with fixed slits of 0.2 nm / 0.3 nm / 0.5 nm / 0.8 nm / 1.2 nm bandwidth. It