Cisco Small Business SPA8800 User manual

Application Note
Revised June 10
th
2009
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Page 1 of 69
Configuring the Cisco SPA8800 IP Telephony Gateway in
an Asterisk
®
Environment

Configuring the Cisco SPA8800 IP Telephony Gateway in an Asterisk Environment
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Page 2 of 69
TableofContents
Introduction 5
Audience 5
Scope 5
Related Documents 5
Overview 6
Summary of Tasks in this Document 6
Requirements 7
Configuring Asterisk for a SPA8800 7
Summary: 7
Configuring the Asterisk Server 8
Editing the /etc/asterisk/sip.conf file 8
Editing the /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf file 10
Loading the Modified Configuration 10
Configuring the SPA8800 12
SPA8800 Ports and Connections 12
Connect the SPA8800 12
Factory Resetting the SPA8800 13
Configuring Static IP Address Addressing 13

Configuring the Cisco SPA8800 IP Telephony Gateway in an Asterisk Environment
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Page 3 of 69
Upgrading the SPA8800's Firmware 15
Configuring Phone Extensions on the SPA8800 FXS Phone Ports 16
Configuring FXO Line Ports on the SPA8800 17
Configuring FXO Line Dial Plans for inbound PSTN call Routing 19
Testing the Phone System 20
T.38 Faxing 21
Codecs 23
Troubleshooting 24
Troubleshooting Rejected Because Extension not Found 25
Failing Inbound from ITSP 25
Failing Inbound from PSTN 25
SPA8800 Debug and syslog 26
SPA8800 SIP Debugging 27
Troubleshooting with Asterisk CLI Commands 29
sip show peers 29
sip show peer <PeerName> 29
sip show users 31
sip show user <UserName> 31
Sample Traces 31
Trace of Asterisk Server Registering to ITSP 32
Trace of SPA922 Registering to an Asterisk Server 33
Trace of SPA8800 Phone Ports Registering 36

Configuring the Cisco SPA8800 IP Telephony Gateway in an Asterisk Environment
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Page 4 of 69
Trace of Call between SPA8800 FXS1 and FXS2 42
Trace of SPA8800 FXS Port Calling SPA922 IP Phone 49
Trace of SPA8800 FXS 1 Making Outbound Call 52
Trace of SPA8800 FXS Receiving Inbound Call 60
Trace of FAX Line Toggle Code #99 68
Gathering Information for Support 69

Configuring the Cisco SPA8800 IP Telephony Gateway in an Asterisk Environment
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Page 5 of 69
Introduction
The Cisco®SPA8800 IP Telephony Gateway provides four RJ-11 FXS and four FXO ports, a
10/100BASE-T RJ-45 Ethernet interface to connect to either a router or multilayer switch, and an
auxiliary port for local administration. It also provides a single multiport RJ-21 50-pin connector.
The SPA8800 can in only a matter of minutes, be easily be configured as an Asterisk®FXO
gateway.
Calls originating from the public switched telephone network (PSTN) can be terminated by the
SPA8800's FXO ports and routed to analog or IP phones based on an Asterisk server's
configuration. Analog phones connected to the SPA8800 can make low-cost VoIP calls via an
Internet Telephony Service Provider (ITSP) or can make calls via the PSTN.
Many interesting call routing options are possible using Asterisk to control the SPA8800 gateway.
Asterisk can be configured to trunk the SPA8800's four FXO ports together into a trunk group. A
trunk group allows the PSTN lines connected to the FXO ports to be over-subscribed and shared
among all configured analog and IP phones, effectively lowering telephony costs by not requiring a
dedicated line per phone. For example, you can have 4 connected PSTN lines and share them with
any number of phones. When all 4 lines are busy, the 5th user will hear a congestion tone.
Additionally, the SPA8800's FXS ports can be used in other ways, including connecting analog
phones, door phones, and fax machines.
The SPA8800 supports fax with G.711 pass-through or real-time fax over IP via T.38 fax relay and
also supports the G.711 A-law, G.711 µ-law, G.726, G.729A, G.723.1 voice codecs.
In the event that you only need FXS ports and do not need any FXO ports, consider using the
Cisco SPA8000 8-Port IP Telephony Gateway. The SPA8000 configuration is very similar to the
SPA8800.
Audience
This application note is targeted at anyone who needs an FXO gateway for their Asterisk server. It
is expected that readers of this document are familiar with the administration tasks involved with
configuring VoIP in an Asterisk environment.
Scope
This scope of this document is limited to configuring the SPA8800 in an Asterisk environment and
does not address the following topics:
•Installing an Asterisk server
•Advanced Asterisk configuration
•SPA8800 localization
•Security
Refer to the Related Documents for additional configuration and background information.
Related Documents
•Asterisk: http://www.asterisk.org
•Asterisk Book from O'Reilly: http://www.asteriskdocs.org/
•Cisco SPA8800 Administration Guide

Configuring the Cisco SPA8800 IP Telephony Gateway in an Asterisk Environment
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Page 6 of 69
•Cisco Small Business IP Phones Admin Guide
•Cisco Small Business IP Phones User Guide
•Cisco Community Central: Small Business Community ATA Support
Overview
Configuring the SPA8800 is a relatively trivial task and is similar to configuring any of the Sipura /
Linksys / Cisco ATA and SPA9000 Voice System devices. Troubleshooting configuration problems
due to incorrectly typed information in configuration fields requires advanced network and Asterisk
troubleshooting skills. This application note walks you through configuring a SPA8800 and also
provides sample traces that may be of use to you when you are troubleshooting your SPA8800 in
an Asterisk environment.
By the end of this document, an Asterisk phone user, analog or IP, will be able to pick up a phone
and dial out via the PSTN or ITSP, depending on the steering digit they use.
Summary of Tasks in this Document
You must complete the following tasks in order to use the SPA8800 in an Asterisk environment:
1. Gather Basic Information
2. Configure the Asterisk Server
a. Edit the sip.conf file
b. Edit the extensions.conf file
c. Connect to the Asterisk Server's console
d. Reload Asterisk modules
3. Connect the SPA8800
4. Configure the SPA8800
a. Configure static IP address and related information
b. Upgrade the SPA8800's firmware
5. Configure phone extensions on the SPA8800 FXS Phone Nports
6. Configure FXO line parameters on the SPA8800 LINE Nports
7. Configure FXO line dial plans for inbound PSTN call routing
8. Test the phone system for appropriate behavior

Configuring the Cisco SPA8800 IP Telephony Gateway in an Asterisk Environment
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Page 7 of 69
Requirements
You need the following equipment and services:
•A functional Asterisk server
•A functional LAN with network connectivity to the Internet and an optional Internet Telephony
Service Provider (ITSP)
•A SPA8800
•One to four analog phones
•Optional IP phones such as the SPA525G, SPA9x2, SPA9x1, or WIP310 (wireless) IP phones
Configuring Asterisk for a SPA8800
Before you configure your Asterisk server for the SPA8000, you need to gather some basic
information:
1. Static IP address for the SPA8800. By default, this device is a DHCP client, but will be of no
use to you if it is assigned a new dynamic IP address periodically. In this document, I use
192.168.2.237/24
2. Gateway / Default router, DNS, and NTP server IP addresses
3. Extension numbers for up to four analog phones to be connected to the SPA8800's PHONE
FXS ports 1-4. In this document, I use 101, 102, 103, and 104.
4. Decide how many PSTN lines will be connected to the SPA8800's LINE FXO ports 1-4. In this
document, I use two PSTN lines connected to FXO LINE ports 2 and 3 [UDP 5161 and 5261
respectively]
5. Decide what steering digits to use. In this document, I use 8 for PSTN and 9 for ITSP
6. Decide what phone or phones to route inbound PSTN and ITSP calls to. In this document, I will
route all inbound calls to the analog phone associated with extension 101.
7. Decide what to name the SPA8800 context group in the extensions.conf file. In this document,
I use the [fxsgroup] context.
Summary:
•SPA8800 static IP address: 192.168.2.237/24
•Gateway / Default router, DNS, and NTP server IP addresses
•Analog phones: 101-104
•PSTN lines: 2, LINE 2 [UDP 5161] and LINE 3 [UDP 5261]
•Steering digits: 8 for PSTN, 9 for ITSP
•Inbound PSTN call target: 101
•Inbound ITSP call target: 101

Configuring the Cisco SPA8800 IP Telephony Gateway in an Asterisk Environment
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Page 8 of 69
Configuring the Asterisk Server
Once you have gathered all of the basic information, you can begin configuring the Asterisk server.
Editing the /etc/asterisk/sip.conf file
# vim /etc/asterisk/sip.conf
[general]
…
…
;register => <DID>@<ITSP>:<password>:<DID>@<ITSP>/101
register =>
[email protected]:mypassword:[email protected]/101
…
…
;
;SPA8800 Changes
;define SPA8800 analog phone 1 extension 101
[101]
type=friend
username=101
secret=101
qualify=yes
nat=no
host=dynamic
canreinvite=no
context=fxsgroup
regext=101
;
;define SPA8800 analog phone 2 extension 102
[102]
type=friend
username=102
secret=102
qualify=yes
nat=no
host=dynamic
canreinvite=no
context=fxsgroup
regext=102
;
;define SPA8800 analog phone 3 extension 103
[103]
type=friend
username=103
secret=103
qualify=yes
nat=no
host=dynamic

Configuring the Cisco SPA8800 IP Telephony Gateway in an Asterisk Environment
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Page 9 of 69
canreinvite=no
context=fxsgroup
regext=103
;
;define SPA8800 analog phone 4 extension 104
[104]
type=friend
username=104
secret=104
qualify=yes
nat=no
host=dynamic
canreinvite=no
context=fxsgroup
regext=104
;
;define SPA8800 pstn2 user
[pstn2]
type=friend
host=192.168.2.237 ;IP address of the SPA8800
port=5161 ;5161 is the default SIP port for line 2 on the SPA8800
dtmfmode=rfc2833
context=pstn2
insecure=very
;
;define SPA8800 pstn3 user
[pstn3]
type=friend
host=192.168.2.237 ;IP address of the SPA8800
port=5261 ;5261 is the default SIP port for line 2 on the SPA8800
dtmfmode=rfc2833
context=pstn3
insecure=very
;
[itsp1]
type=peer
user=phone
host=sip.broadvoice.com
fromdomain=sip.broadvoice.com
fromuser=3612887272
secret=TitSSTQqpp
username=3612887272
insecure=very
authname=3612887272
dtmfmode=inband
dtmf=inband
canreinvite=no
qualify=yes

Configuring the Cisco SPA8800 IP Telephony Gateway in an Asterisk Environment
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Page 10 of 69
nat=yes
context=itsp1
;eof
Editing the /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf file
# vim /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf
…
…
; SPA8800 Changes
;outbound dialing
[fxsgroup]
;
;
; dial 7 to explicitly use FXS3
exten => _7.,1,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN:1}@pstn3,60,r)
;
; dial8 as a steering digit:
; if FXS2 is not available, FXS3 will be used.
; if FXS3 is not available, the user hears congestion
exten => _8.,1,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN:1}@pstn2,60,r)
exten => _8.,2,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN:1}@pstn3,60,r)
;
; dial 9 to explicitly use ITSP
exten => _9.,1,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN:1}@itsp1,30,r)
;
; r causes ringing for calling party but audio is not
; passed until called party answers call
; T allows caller to transfer with #
exten => 101,1,Dial(SIP/101,60,rT)
exten => 102,1,Dial(SIP/102,60,rT)
exten => 103,1,Dial(SIP/103,60,rT)
exten => 104,1,Dial(SIP/104,60,rT)
exten => 200,1,Dial(SIP/200,60,rT)
exten => 201,1,Dial(SIP/201,60,rT)
;
;inbound from PSTN
[pstn2]
; t allows called person to transfer with a #
exten => 101,1,Dial(SIP/101,60,rt)
[pstn3]
exten => 201,1,Dial(SIP/201,60,rt)
;inbound calls from ITSP
[itsp1]
exten => 3615551212,1,Answer
;enable ring group of extensions 101, 102, and 200
exten => 3615551212,2,Dial(SIP/101&SIP/102&SIP/200,25,rt)
exten => 3615551212,3,Hangup
;eof
…
…
Loading the Modified Configuration
1. Connect to the Asterisk console: