Hioki SM-8216 User manual

SUPER MEGOHMMETER
Instruction Manual
SM-8216
November 2010 Revised edition 2 SM8216A981-02 10-11H

i
WARNING
A “WARNING” CALLS ATTENTION TO A CONDITION OR POSSIBLE
SITUATION THAT COULD CAUSE DEATH OR INJURY TO THE
OPERATOR OR NEARBY PESRONS.
DANGER
A “DANGER” CALLS ATTENTION TO A CONDITION OR POSSIBLE
SITUATION THAT CAN CAUSE DEATH OR INJURY TO THE OPERATOR
OR NEARBY PERSONS.
CAUTION
A “CAUTION” calls attention to a condition or possible situation that
could cause injury to the operator or persons nearby and damage and
destroy the super megohmmeter and samples.
1. Safety Precautions
Operators of the SM-8216 super megohmmeter are requested to read this
operation manual thoroughly before operation for safety and to obtain best
performance.
Operators are also requested to strictly observe all the DANGER, WARNING,
and CAUTION notices in this manual and on the instrument to prevent injury
and damage.
1-1 Safety Warnings
This operation manual includes some DANGER!, WARNING!, and CAUTION!
notice with a symbol. These must be observed for safety of the operator and
other persons, as well as for protection of your super megohmmeter and
samples from possible damage and destruction.

ii
Congratulations on your purchase of a HIOKI SM-8216 super megohmemeter.
The super megohmmeter is a unique analog resistance meter designed to
measure high resistance in a wide range.
The MS-8216 meter outputs a high test voltage – 1000 V maximum to apply
across the sample circuit.
Operators are requested to read this operation manual thoroughly before trying
to operate the instrument for safety and to prevent electrical shock and damage
to the circuit to measure.
Keep this manual where all staff can access it any time.

iii
Symbol Meaning Description
1.2 Symbols on the Super Megohmmeter
Safety Warning Labels on the Super Megohmmeter
T
his symbol is shown at pats whose
usage needs reference to the operation
manual.
DANGER –
HIGH VOLTAGE
HAZARD
T
his symbol is shown at the Rx ‘–‘/’+’
Measuring terminals which carry a
high voltage to be applied across the
circuit to be measured.
WARNING
DANGER
端子より高電圧発生の為、
感電の恐れあり。
HIGH VOLTAGE
危険
高電圧危険
Electric shock hazard!
Terminals carry high voltage.
2
)
DANGER and WARNING Labels on the Rear Panel
1
)
DANGER and WARNING Labels on the Housing and Front

iv
2. Operating Environmental Precautions
DANGER
■ Do not operate the super megohmmeter in the presence of flammable gas.
There is s possibility of an explosion and/or fire.
■ Do not touch the Rx ‘–‘/’+’ measuring terminals on the front panel of the
SM-8216 during measurement. They output a maximum measuring
voltage of 1000 V.
WARNING
■ Ground the ground prong of the power cord plug to avoid electrical shock.
If the ground prong cannot be grounded, connect the GND terminal on the
rear of the instrument to a ground. When the power cord plug is connected
to the AC line socket via an accessory 3-prong to 2-prong adapter, the
green ground tab of the adapter to the ground.
■Do not remove the housing cover of the instrument. Even after turning off the
instrument power switch, a dangerous residual voltage may be present for
several minutes after the power is turned off. If repair or internal
readjustment is needed, contact your local HIOKI Electronics distributor.
CAUTION
■ Before turning on the power switch for the instrument, check
that the LINE SELECTOR switches are set for your local AC line
voltage. If the wrong AC line voltage is applied to the unit, it will
be damaged (higher voltage supply) or will not function properly
(lower voltage supply). See 1.3 Setting LINE SELECTOR Switches
for switch setting. Use the right size and amperage power fuse. If a fuse
of incorrectamperage is inserted into the fuse holder, the unit will be
damaged. See 1.4 Checking the Fuse Amperage for a correct fuse
amperage.
■ Do not install or operate the super meghommeter in a placewhere is
affected by dust, shock and vibration, direct sunshine, steam, heat
generating facilities, air conditioning draft, etc. These can cause a
failure with the instrument.

v
3. Installation Precaution
4. Instrument Handling Precautions
CAUTION
Do not install or place the super megohmmeter in a location which is
not level, not stable or not sturdy enough to hold the instrument and
other related items.
WARNING
■ If the instrument generates smoke or smell, unplug the power cord. If
such an instrument is kept powered on, it may cause a fire. Contact
your local HIOKI Electronics distributor for repair.
■Do not operate the instrument with a wet hand. This may cause
electrical shock.
CAUTION
■
■When moving or transporting the super megohmmeter, avoid
shockand vibration as much as possible. For long-distance
transportation, put the instrument in a shock-absorbing carton or
use the originalshipping carton.
■ When not using the super megohmmeter for an extended period
oftime, unplug the power cord from the AC line socket. Put a
dustcover on the instrument. Store it in a place free of corrosive gas
andvibration, with a surrounding temperature within the range
from –5 to 45℃, and humidity 80% RH or less(non-condensating).
■Do not place anything on the instrument.

vi
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
About the SM-8216 Super Megohmmeters
The SM-8216 super megohmmeter is insulation resistance meters consisting
of a constant voltage power supply and a high sensitive current measuring
section. The super megohmmeter is designed to measure the electrical
resistance of insulating materials with high insulation properties.
The resistance measuring ranges of the SM-8216 is as follows:
5.0×10
4
to 2×10
13
Ω 
The SM-8216 super megohmmeters is provided with a large analog meter for
easy reading of a measured insulation resistance.
The following shows the main specifications for the SM-8216.
For detailed specifications, see 2. SPECIFICATIONS.
For optional accessories, see 7. OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES.
Main Specifications – For detailed specifications, see 2. SPECIFICATIONS.
For optional accessories, see 7. OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES.
Measuring Voltage Ranges:
10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 V
Measuring Resistance Ranges:
5.0×10
4
to 2×10
13
Ω,6 ranges 
Voltage Charging Function: Provided
Voltage Discharging Function: Provided
HV-EN (High Voltage Enable) Interlocking Function: Provided
DC Signal Output Function: Optionally available on factory installation basis
Either one of 1/R output or proportional to resistance value output can
be optionally incorporated in a single SM-8216 unit.
Alarm Function: Optionally available on factory installation basis

vii
Organization of This Operation Manual
This operation manual contains the following 9 sections.
1. PREPARATION BEFORE
OPERATION
This section describes precautions for unpacking and AC line voltage
setting.
2. SPECIFICATIONS
This section describes the specifications for the SM-8216 super meg-
ohmmeters and optional accessories.
3. OPERATING PRINCIPLE
This section describes the operating principle with a block diagram of
the SM-8216.
4. FAMILIARIZATION WITH CONTROLS AND PARTS
This section describes the functions of the controls and parts on the front
and rear panels.
5. PREPARATION FOR MEASUREMENT
This section describes the measuring mode, and setting mode before
operation.
6. MEASUREMENT
This section provides details for function setting, connection to the sample
to be measured in a variety of insulation resistance measurement.
7. OPTINAL ACCESSOIRIES
This section describes the optional accessories, including guard chip,
DC signal outputs, and others.
8. MAINTENANCE AND MISCELANEOUS
This section describes maintenance, storage, transportation and abandon
of old instrument.
9.
EXTERNAL APPEARANCE
This section includes front, rear and side view illustrations of the
instrument with dimensions.

viii


a
CONTENTS
1. PREPARATION BEFORE OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . １
１１
１
1.1 Unpacking and Checking of the Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .１
１１
１
1.2 Operating AC Line Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . ２
２２
２
1.3 Setting the LINE SELECTOR Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .２
２２
２
1.4 Checking the Fuse Amperage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ３
３３
３
1.5 Grounding the Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .４
４４
４
1.6 Warm-up Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .５
５５
５
2. SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .６
６６
６
2.1 Measuring Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ６
６６
６
2.2 Function Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .６
６６
６
2.3 Other Electrical and Physical Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .６
６６
６
2.4 Optional Functions and Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .７
７７
７
3. OPERATING PRINCIPLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ９
９９
９
4. FAMILIARIZATION WITH CONTROLS AND PARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . .１０
１０１０
１０
4.1 Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . １０
１０１０
１０
4.2 Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .１３
１３１３
１３
5. PREPARATION FOR A MEASUREMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .１５
１５１５
１５
6. MEASUREMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .１８
１８１８
１８
6.1 Measuring Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .１８
１８１８
１８
6.2 Usage of the MEAURE/CHARGE/DISCHARGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ２０
２０２０
２０
6.3 Interlocking Function−
−−
−Using the HV-EN Connector . . . . . . . . . . ２１
２１２１
２１
6.4 Calibration Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ２２
２２２２
２２
6.5 Changes in the Current Flowing through an Insulator . . . . . . . . . . ２３
２３２３
２３
7. OPTINAL ACCESSOIRIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .２５
２５２５
２５
7.1 DC Signal Outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
２５
２５２５
２５
7.1.1 DC Output, RP-8000
– Directly proportional or linear to resistance . . . . . . .
. . .２５
２５２５
２５
7.1.2 DC Output, RI-8000
– Inversely proportional or 1/R to resistance . . . . . .
. . . . .２７
２７２７
２７


b
8. MAINTENANCE AND MISCELANEOUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .２９
２９２９
２９
8.1 Periodical Checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ２９
２９２９
２９
8.2 Storage, Transportation and Abandon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .２９
２９２９
２９
9. EXTERNAL APPEARANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .３０
３０３０
３０

1
1. PREPARATION BEFORE OPERATION
1.1 Unpacking and Checking of the Contents
When you have received the carton of the SM-8216 super megohmmeter,
carefully unpack it, and take out every thing from the carton.
Although the instrument and its accessories are severely inspected before
shipment from factory, visually check the items and their quantities.
Keep the shipping carton for reuse at a later time.
1) Visually check the external view of the instrument and its accessories.
2) Check the quantities of the list in accordance with the following list:

Table 1.1.1 List of Standard Accessories
Item Reference No. Q’ty Remarks
Operation manual −1 This item means this booklet.
Power cord −1 Power cord with 3-prong plug
with third for grounding
Measuring rod
(Red)
0GE00002 1 A measuring rod with a 1-
meter cord to be connected to
the Rx ‘‑’ measuring terminal.
Measuring rod
(Black)
0GE00001 1 A measuring rod with a 1-
meter cord to be connected to
the Rx ‘+’ measuring terminal.
Shorting plug
−
1 A plug to be plugged to the
HV-EN connector on the rear of
the instrument. It is plugged
to the HV-EN connector when
shipping from factory.
Upon checking the instrument and accessories, if any damage is found,
immediately contact the forwarder or your local HIOKI distributor.
Upon checking the instrument and accessories, if any shortage is found,
immediately contact your local HIOKI distributor or directly HIOKI E.E.
CORPORATION .
CAUTION
When plugging the shorting plug, make sure that the power is turned
off, otherwise, there is an electric shock hazard.

2
1.2 Operating AC Line Voltage
The super megohmemeter can be operated from one of the following AC
power source when the LINE SELECTOR switches are set accordingly.
AC Line Voltage
Frequency
100 V ±10% 50/60 Hz
120 V ±10% 50/60 Hz
220 V ±10% 50/60 Hz
240 V +10V,‑10% 50/60 Hz
1.3 Setting the LINE SELECTOR Switches
The super megohmmeter can be operated from one of the AC line voltages of
100 V, 120 V, 220 V and 240 V by setting the LINE ELECTOR switches to
the specific positions, respectively.
Confirm the switch setting to the specific positions in accordance with Fig.
1.1.1. If they are not set properly, correct their positions, accordingly.
To change the position of the switch, insert the tip of a flat
blade screwdriver into the slot of the switch lever, and slide the
leverupward or downward.
CAUTION
Before connecting the power cord to the AC outlet socket, confirm that
the LINE SELECTOR switches on the rear panel are set to the
positions, accordingly (See 1.3 Setting the LINE SELECTOR
Switches.).
CAUTION
To change the LINE SELECTOR switch positions, unplug the power
cord plug from the AC line socket to prevent a possible damage.
When the switch position is changed while the voltage is on, the
switch contacts will be damaged.
CAUTION
The LINE SELECTOR switches have two positions – up and down.
Slide the switch lever to either position until it stops.
Do not leave the lever at a neutral position. If the lever is set at
A neutral position, a normal function cannot be obtained, and
it will cause a failure.

3
Fig. 1.1.1 LINE SELECTOR Switch Setting
The super megohmmeter can be operated from one of the following AC
power source when the LINE SELECTOR switches are set accordingly.
LINE SELCTOR Setting
Acceptable Line Voltage Range
100 V 90 V to 110V (100 V ±10%)
120 V 108 V to 132 V (120 V ±10%)
220 V 198 V to 242 V (220 V ±10%)
240 V 216 V to 250 V (240 V +10V, ‑10%)
1.4 Checking the Fuse Amperage
The fuse holder of the instrument contains a time lag fuse of the following
amperage:
CAUTION
When the LINE SELECTOR switch position is changed, fuse
amperage must be changed to meet the requirements of the new AC
line voltage.
Incorrect fuse amperage will cause a failure of the instrument.
T
ime Lag Fuse
AC Line Voltage
Fuse Amperage
100 V/120 V 0.4 A
220 V/240 V 0.2 A
100V
120V
220V
240V
LINE SELECTOR

4
Fuse Replacement
The fuse is inserted in the FUSE holder (Fig. 1.1.2) on the rear of the unit.
Remove the cap, and replace the fuse with a new one with a correct
amperage.
To remove the cap of the fuse holder, use a 4 mm Phillips screwdriver, and
turn the cap counterclockwise.
To set the cap in position, insert the cap, holding the fuse into the holder,
and turn it with the screwdriver.
Fig. 1.1.2 Fuse Holder and Fuse Replacement
1.5 Grounding the Chassis
To avoid an electrical shock accident, connect the ground prong of
the power
cord to the ground post of the AC line system.
The round prong of the 3-prong plug of the power cord is the ground prong.
It is recommended to use an AC line socket with its third contact grounded
for connection of the accessory 3-prong power cord.
To use the accessory 3-prong to 2-prong adapter to connect the power cord
to a 2-contact AC line socket, make sure to ground the green tab of the
adapter.
WARNING
To replace or check the fuse, make sure to disconnect the power cord
from the AC line socket. If not, there is a fear of electrical shock.
WARNING
To prevent an accident, connect the ground prong of the power cord
Plug to the ground post of the AC line system. If it is impossible to
ground the ground prong of the power cord plug, be sure to connect
the GND terminal on the rear of the unit.
Fuse
Ca
p

5
1.6 Warm-up Period
To obtain the performance of published specifications, allow the SM-8200
Series super megohmmeter to warm for a minimum of 30 minutes.

6
2. SPECIFICATIONS
2.1 Measuring Performance
Insulation Resistance Measurement
(RANGE : ×1 , ×10 , ×10
2
, ×10
3
, ×10
4
, or ×10
5
)
Measurement Range (MΩ) [RANGE=×10
R
]
Target Voltage
5 ×10
R
to 200 ×10
R
1000 V
2.5 ×10
R
to 100 ×10
R
500 V
1.25 ×10
R
to 50 ×10
R
250 V
0.5 ×10
R
to 20 ×10
R
100 V
0.25 ×10
R
to 10 ×10
R
50 V
0.125 ×10
R
to 5 ×10
R
25 V
0.05 ×10
R
to 2 ×10
R
10 V
Accuracy of target voltage: ±3% of set value
Measuring output current: 2 mA, maximum
Accuracy of measurement: ±10% (A range of 10 times of the minimum
value of each range)
Note: The above performance can be obtained under the following operating
conditions;
Temperature: 0℃to40℃, 80% RH or less(non-condensating)
2.2 Function Specifications
1) CHARGE Function
This function charges the sample to be measured by applying the
selected measuring voltage when the MEASURE/CHARGE/DIS-
CHARGE function switch is set to the CHARGE position.
2) DISCHARGE Function
This function discharges a residual voltage on the sample after
measurement when the MEASURE/CHARGE/DISCHARGE function
switch is set to the DISCHARGE position.
Internal Resistance: Approx. 100kΩ
3) HV-EN (High Voltage Enable) – Interlocking Function
This function externally controls to make the output of measuring
voltage on or off. This function is used in combination with
an interlock switch on the measuring jig so as to prevent an
electrical shock during measurement.
The measuring voltage can be output only when the HV-EN circuit is
closed.
2.3 Other Electrical and Physical Data
1) Environmental Temperature and Humidity
Operation: 0℃to 40℃, 80% RH or less(non-condensating)
Storage: ‑5℃to 45℃, 80% RH or less(non-condensating)

7
2) Power Requirements
AC 100 V, 120 V, 220 V, ±10%, 240 V +10 V,‑10% 50/60 Hz
3) Power Consumption
Approx. 20 VA
4) Dimensions
Approx. 280 (W) ×190 (H) ×222 (D) mm
Also, see 9. EXTERNAL APPEARANCE.
5) Weight
Approx. 5 kg
2.4 Optional Functions and Accessories
In addition to the standard accessories shown in 1.1 Unpacking and
Checking of the Contents and Table 1.1.1 List of Standard Accessories, the
following two groups of optional accessories are available to expand the
applications of the SM-8216 super megohmmeter.
1) Options – available exclusive for the SM-8216
Name Model Remarks
DC signal output (resistance value
Proportional or linear signal)
RP-8000
1)/2)
Factory installed
DC signal output (1/R signal) RI-8000
1)/2)
Factory installed
1)
Either one of the RP-8000 or RI-8000 optional function can be
installed in a single SM-8216 unit.
2)
The RP-8000/RI-8000 optional function is available on factory-
installation basis, only.
2) Options – designed for common to the SM-8216, SM-8200 Series, and
SM-8000 Series super megohmmeters.
Name Model Description
Electrode for plate
samples
SME-8310
Electrode for plate
samples
SME-8311
With surface/volumetric
selector, interlock function
8311 has a smaller electrode.
Weight electrode SME-8320 With surface/volumetric
selector. Needs shield box.
Shield box SME-8350 Electromagnetic shielding
-- continued --

8
Name Model Description
Electrode for surface
Resistance measurement
SME-8301 Simplified electrode for
surface
resistance measurement
Electrode for surface
Resistance measurement
SME-8302 Simplified electrode for curved
surface resistance
measurement
Electrodes for liquid
sample
Measurement
SME-8330 Capacity, approx. 25 mL
Electrode constant: Approx.
500 cm
Electrodes for continuous
Liquid sample
Measurement
SME-8335 Capacity, approx. 30 mL
Electrode constant: Approx.
75 cm
Electrodes for chip
Capacitors
SME-8360 Chip capacitor measurement
Other types of optional electrodes and devices are available upon request.
For details, contact your local HIOKI Electronics distributor.