HP HP 84125A User manual

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HP 84125A/B
User's Guide
Microwave EMI Measurement
T
est System
ABCDE
HP Part No. 84125-90011
Printed in USA February 1999

Notice
The information contained in this document is subject to change
without notice.
Hewlett-P
ackard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this
material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of
merchantability and tness for aparticular purpose. Hewlett-Packard
shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental
or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing,
performance, or use of this material.
Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to
restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights of
Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013
for DOD agencies, and subparagraphs (c) (1) and (c) (2) of the
Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at F
AR
52.227-19 for other agencies
.
c
 Copyright Hewlett-Packard Company 1996, 1999
All Rights Reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without
prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the
copyright laws.
1400 Fountain Grove Parkway, Santa Rosa CA, 95403-1799, USA

Certication
Hewlett-P
ackard Company certies that this product met its
published specications at the time of shipment from the factory.
Hewlett-P
ackard further certies that its calibration measurements
are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and
T
echnology, to the extent allowed by the Institute's calibration facility,
and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards
Organization members.
Regulatory Information
Regulatory information is located in Chapter 2.
Warranty
This Hewlett-P
ackard instrument product is warranted against defects
in material and workmanship for aperiod of one year from date of
shipment. During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard Company
will, at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be
defective
.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a
service facility designated by Hewlett-P
ackard. Buyer shall prepay
shipping charges to Hewlett-P
ackard and Hewlett-P
ackard shall pay
shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall
pay all shipping charges
,duties
,and taxes for products returned to
Hewlett-P
ackard from another country
.
Hewlett-Packard warrants that its software and rmware designated
by Hewlett-Packard for use with an instrument will execute
its programming instructions when properly installed on that
instrument. Hewlett-Packard does not warrant that the operation
of the instrument, or software, or rmware will be uninterrupted or
error-free.
Limitation of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from
improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied
software or interfacing, unauthorized modication or misuse,
operation outside of the environmental specications for the
product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.
NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED.
HEWLETT-PACKARD SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Exclusive Remedies
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER'S SOLE AND
EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. HEWLETT-PACKARD SHALL NOT BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT,
TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.
iii

Assistance
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance
agreements are available for Hewlett-P
ackard products.For any
assistance
,contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service
Oce
.
Compliance
This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with
IEC Publication 348, Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring
Apparatus, and has been supplied in a safe condition. The instruction
documentation contains information and warnings which must be
followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the
instrument in a safe condition.
Safety Notes
The following safety notes are used throughout this manual.
Familiarize yourself with each of the notes and its meaning before
operating this instrument.
WARNING
Warning denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure
which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in
injury or loss of life.Do not proceed beyond a warning note until
the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
CA
UTION
Caution denotes ahazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if
not correctly performed or adhered to, would result in damage to or
destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution sign
until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
iv

General Safety Considerations
WARNING
No operator serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to
qualied personnel. To prevent electrical shock, do not remove
covers.
If this instrument is not used as specied, the protection
provided by the equipment may be impaired. This instrument
must be used in a normal condition (in which all means for
protection are intact) only.
For continued protection against re hazard, replace line fuse
only with same type and rating ([F 5A/250V]). The use of other
fuses or material is prohibited.
CAUTION
Before switching on this instrument, make sure that the line voltage
selector switch is set to the voltage of the power supply and the
correct fuse is installed.
Always use the three-prong ac power cord supplied with this
instrument. Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not
using this cord may cause instrument damage.
Only clean the instrument cabinet using adamp cloth.
L
The instruction documentation symbol. The product is
marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the
user to refer to the instructions in the documentation.
CE The CE mark is a registered trademark of the European
Community
.(If accompanied by a year, it is when the
design was proven.)
ISM1-A This is asymbol of an Industrial Scientic and Medical
Group 1 Class A product.
CSA The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian
Standards Association.
Manual Conventions
4
Front-Panel Key
5 This represents a key physically located on the
instrument.
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
Softkey This indicates a \softkey," a key whose label is
determined by the rmware of the instrument.
Screen Text This indicates text displayed on the instrument's
screen.
v

Contents
1. Product Description
Measurement Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
2. Specications and Characteristics
Denition of Terms. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2-1
Antenna Specications and Characteristics . . . . . . 2-2
Typical Sensitivity for an HP 84125A/B System . . . . . 2-4
Amplitude Accuracy ................. 2-5
Declaration of Conformity .............. 2-6
3. System Setup and Functional Tests
System Setup ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3-1
Initial Inspection .................. 3-1
T
est-Set Components ... .. .. . .. .. .. .. 3-2
Installing the HP 84125A/B System ......... 3-4
Assembling the Test Mobile Instrument Cart .. .. 3-4
Installing the EMC Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Attaching the Power Module and Power Cords ... 3-6
Installing the Accessories and Test Set in the System 3-6
Performing an EMC Analyzer Calibration . . . . . . 3-6
Connecting the RF Cable Assembly to the EMC
Analyzer ................... 3-7
Connecting the DC Ampliers to the RF Cable
Assembly ............ .. .. .. . 3-10
System Functional Tests................ 3-11
Test Set Verication Description . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Procedure ..................... 3-13
Displayed Average Noise Level (DANL) Description . . 3-15
Equipment Required ................ 3-16
Procedure: Input 1 to 18 GHz (1 to 2.9 GHz, 2.68 to 18
GHz) .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3-16
Input 18 to 26.5 GHz (F
or an HP 84125B only) .... 3-18
4. Test Set Hardware Congurations
1 to 18 GHz Conguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
18 to 26.5 GHz Conguration (For the HP 84125B only) 4-4
Cable and Connector Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Connection Procedure .... .. .. .. . .. .. 4-5
Disconnection Procedure .... .. .. .. .. .. 4-6
Handling and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Contents-1

5. System Interface
HP 84125A/B System Softkey Reference . . . . . . . . 5-1
6. Making Measurements
Conguring the TestSet............... 6-2
Setting Up the HP 8593EM EMC Analyzer ...... 6-3
Making the Measurement .............. 6-3
Making a Measurement Using Average Detection ... 6-4
Calibrating the HP 8593EM EMC Analyzer . . . . . . . 6-5
Improving Accuracy with Self-Calibration Routines . . 6-5
Warm-up time .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. 6-5
Preparing the HP 8593EM EMC Analyzer for
Calibration ................... 6-6
Performing a Frequency and Amplitude Calibration . . 6-6
Performing the YTF self-calibration routine ..... 6-8
When is self-calibration needed? . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
7. Customer Support
If You Have a Problem .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7-1
Calibration Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Reloading the Downloadable Program (DLP) into the EMC
Analyzer ................. .. .. 7-2
Changing the memory card battery ......... 7-2
Procedure to change the memory card battery ...7-3
Replaceable P
arts ................... 7-4
Returning the HP 84125A/B System for Calibration or
Service ..................... 7-5
P
ackaging the HP 84125A/B System for Shipment . . . 7-5
Hewlett-P
ackard Sales and Service Oces ...... 7-6
A. Amplitude A
ccuracy
EMC Analyzer Uncertainties .... .. .. .. .. A-1
HP 84125A/B Test-Set Uncertainties . . . . . . . . . A-2
Index
Contents-2

Figures
2-1. HP 84125A/B System Dimensions .......... 2-3
2-2. Typical Sensitivity from 1 to 18 GHz . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2-3. Typical Sensitivity from 18 to 26.5 GHz ....... 2-4
2-4. Declaration of Conformity .... .. .. .. .. . 2-6
3-1. EMC Analyzer Installation .. .. .. .. .. .. . 3-5
3-2. Front view of the EMC Analyzer .......... 3-7
3-3. Strain Relief Installation .............. 3-9
3-4. DC Ampliers Cable Routing .. .. .. .. .. .. 3-10
3-5. Reference Point Setup ............... 3-13
3-6. System Gain Verication .... .. .. .. .. .. 3-15
3-7. DANL Measurement Setup, 1 to 18 GHz ....... 3-16
3-8. D
ANL Measurement Setup
,18 to 26.5 GHz . . . . . . 3-18
4-1. T
est Set Diagram ...... .. .. .. .. .. .. 4-1
4-2. 1to 18 GHz T
est-Set Conguration (top view) .... 4-2
4-3. 18 to 26.5 GHz T
est-Set Conguration (side view) . . . 4-4
7-1. Memory Card Battery Date Code Location ...... 7-3
7-2. Memory Card Battery Replacement .... .. .. . 7-3
7-3. Component Location Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
T
ables
3-1. HP 84125A/B System Accessories .. .. .. .. .. 3-2
3-2. Recommended Test Equipment and Accessories . . . . 3-12
3-3. Recommended Test Equipment and Accessories . . . . 3-16
3-4. Test Set Verication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
3-5. Displayed Average Noise Level ........... 3-19
7-1. Replaceable Parts.... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7-4
7-2. HP Sales and Service Oces . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
A-1. HP 84125A/B System Uncertainties .... .. .. . A-4
Contents-3

1
Product Description
The HP 84125A/B microwave EMI measurement test system is
designed to measure the radiated energy from an unintentional
or intentional radiator such as a transmitter or transceiver.It
provides a system level solution to make measurements above
1GHz. The HP 84125A/B system is designed to test products for EMI
compliance to current FCC regulations governing emissions and has
the performance necessary for measuring to current ETSI and CISPR
regulations in the same frequency band.
The system is integrated into a portable instrument cart for easy
transport to and from the test location. There are two major
components of the system: a hand-held, tripod-mountable or antenna
mast-mountable test set and the EMC analyzer mounted on an
instrument cart. The test set contains two low noise ampliers,
high-pass lters, antenna, and interconnecting cables. A three-meter
RF cable assembly connects the test set to the EMC analyzer
and allows the test set to be moved around without moving the
instrument cart. The RF cable assembly contains arugged, low loss
,
high frequency cable and two DC power cables for the ampliers
.
The calibration data is stored on aRAM card during factory
calibration of the HP 84125A/B microwave EMI measurement test
system and is shipped with each HP 84125A/B system. The calibration
data is specic to that system. The RAM card contains amplitude
correction factors for the test set and the antenna.
T
ocombine the functionality of the HP 8593EM EMC analyzer and
the test set, adownloadable program (DLP) has been provided. The
DLP provides the system softkeys that set the parameters for making
an EMI measurement. Frequency ranges can be selected enabling
you to test the harmonic frequencies of your equipment under test
(EUT) while ltering out the fundamental frequencies. Correction
data is used to sum out losses due to the antenna, cables, ampliers,
and lters
. The values displayed by the HP 84125A/B system are
the actual eld strength of the emission (in dB
 V/m), corrected
for all system gains and losses including the antenna transducer
factors. A limit line is provided to assist you in identifying problem
emissions. The EMC analyzer is automatically setup for optimum
signal identication.
Each system is calibrated by Hewlett-Packard before shipment. The
calibration data consists of amplier gain, cable loss, lter response,
and antenna factors. The data is then stored into data correction
tables which are loaded into the HP 8593EM EMC analyzer's RAM
card for easy recall during each measurement band.
Product Description 1-1

Measurement Overview
The HP 84125A/B microwave EMI measurement test system may be
used for a variety of measurements.To assure the best, most accurate
measurements of your product, you should read and review the
required product regulations. The following is a brief description of
how to use the system to test a product to the FCC Part 15 regulation.
Adetailed measurement example for measuring an intentional
radiator has been provided in Chapter 6.
Current FCC regulations specify that harmonic emissions measured
above 1GHz on wireless transmitters should be below 54 dB
 V/m
using average detection at adistance of 3 meters. At higher
frequencies
,cable loss and antenna factors bring the inherent system
noise level close to the regulatory limit. To improve the signal-to-noise
ratio
, the FCC allows positioning the measuring antenna at a distance
closer than 3 meters. The correction to be applied is described in FCC,
P
art 15.31 (f)(1) which states:
\At frequencies equal to or above 30 MHz, measurements may be
performed at a distance other than what is specied provided:
measurements are not made in the near eld; and, it can be
demonstrated that the signal levels needed to be measured at the
distance employed can be detected by the measuring equipment.
Measurements shall not be performed at a distance greater than 30
meters unless it can be further demonstrated that measurements at
a distance of 30 meters or less are impractical. When performing
measurements at a distance other than what is specied, the results
shall be extrapolated to the specied distance using an inverse
linear distance extrapolation factor (20 dB/decade)."
This would translate to measuring to alimit of approximately
64 dB  V/m at a distance of 1 meter. Therefore, we recommend
that you rst make a measurement at a distance of 1 meter to
the 64 dB  V/m limit line with peak detection. Using a 1 meter
measurement will improve the signal-to-noise ratio making it easier
to detect emissions
.Signals with a peak value above the 64 dB
 V/m
limit line will need to be remeasured using average detection.
1-2 Product Description

2
Specications and Characteristics
This chapter contains specications, characteristics, and typical
performance for the HP 84125A/B system.
Denition of Terms
Specications describe warranted performance which is traceable
to the National Bureau of Standards (NIST).
Characteristics describe non-warranted performance derived
during the design phase of the system and is not veried on a
continuing basis
.
Typical P
erformance
is non-warranted, but indicates performance
which most units will exhibit.
Frequency Range
HP 84125A 1to18GHz
HP 84125B 1to 26.5 GHz
HP 8593EM EMC Analyzer
Additional instrument specications are described in HP 8590 EM Series EMC Analyzer Calibration Guide .
EMC Analyzer Display Average Noise Level
(Measured at test-set input with 1MHzRBW)
1
Specication Typical
1to18GHz 8dB  V 0 1dB  V
18 to 26.5 GHz
2
15 db  V5db  V
1 For use with the through cable or the correct high-pass lter for the selected frequency range
2 For an HP 84125B only.
Limit to Noise Ratio / Sensitivity (Characteristic)
> 6 dB (at 64 dB  V/m)
Specications and Characteristics 2-1

Test Set
(Includes ampliers, lter, and RF cable assembly.)
Calibration Data Uncertainty 6 0.9 dB
Flatness Uncertainty
(Characteristic)
6 1.7 dB
Test-Set Repeatability
(Characteristic)
1
6 0.7 dB
Maximum Temperature Drift
(Characteristic)
2
6 1.5 dB
Input VSWR
(Characteristic)
1 to 18 GHz
18 to 26.5 GHz
3
3.2 to 1.0
2.3 to 1.0
1 Includes cable exure, amplier aging, and connection repeatability.
2
The system is specied between 20

Cand 30

C.
3 For an HP 84125B only.
Test-Set Filter Rejection (characteristic)
Frequency Range Passband 60 dB Rejection
1to 18 GHz 1.5 to 18 GHz

0.95 GHz
1to 18 GHz 3.5 to 18 GHz

2.5 GHz
1 to 18 GHz 8.25 to 18 GHz  5.9 GHz
Antenna Specications and Characteristics
Antenna F
actor A
ccuracy
1to 18 GHz HP 11966E 6
2dB
18 to 26.5 GHz
1
HP part number
84125-80008
6 0.5 dB
1 For an HP 84125B only.
VSWR (characteristic)
1 to 18 GHz (HP 11966E) 2.8 to 1.0
18 to 26.5 GHz (p/n 84125-80008)
1
1.4 to 1.0
1 For an HP 84125B only.
Third Order Intercept (characteristic)
> 45 dB  V
2-2 Specications and Characteristics

Weight
Test Set
1
10.75 lb.
2
23.7 kg
HP 84125A/B System
3
150 lb. 330.8 kg
1 The weight includes the 1 to 18 GHz antenna horn.
2
F
or an HP 84125B, with the 18 to 26.5 GHz antenna horn installed, the test-set weight is 7.5 lb or 16.5 kg.
3 Includes EMC analyzer, instrument cart, and test set.
Figure 2-1. HP 84125A/B System Dimensions
Specications and Characteristics 2-3

Typical Sensitivity for an HP 84125A/B System
Note
The values displayed by the HP 84125A/B system are the actual eld
strength of the emission (in dB  V/m), corrected for all system gains
and losses including the antenna transducer factors.
Figure 2-2. Typical Sensitivity from 1 to 18 GHz
Figure 2-3. Typical Sensitivity from 18 to 26.5 GHz
2-4 Specications and Characteristics

Amplitude Accuracy
The table below shows the typical amplitude uncertainty for the
HP 84125A/B system. The following conditions must be met to assure
the amplitude accuracy of your system.
1. The HP 84125A/B system has been warmed up for 30 minutes or
more at a stable temperature between 20

C and 30

C.
2. The EMC analyzer has successfully completed a full self calibration.
3. The HP 84125A/B system has valid calibration data.
4. The HP 84125A/B system has the correct correction data loaded for
the selected antenna and frequency range.
5. The measurement is made with the EMC analyzer in Linear Scale
mode with a resolution bandwidth (RBW) of 1 MHz.
6. While the measurement is made, the EMC analyzer reference level
is kept at > 56 dB  V/m when using the 1 to 18 GHz antenna, or
> 48 dB  V/m when using the 18 to 26.5 GHz antenna.
7. While the measurement is made
,the measured signal is kept within
the top four divisions (that is
,the top half) of the display
.
These conditions should work in most measurement situations.
However
,if conditions 5, 6, or 7 cannot be met, the measurement
uncertainty should be calculated using the method detailed in
Appendix A.
Amplitude Accuracy (typical)
1.0 to 2.9 GHz 6.10 dB
2.75 to 6.5 GHz 6.18 dB
6.0 to12.8 GHz 6.29 dB
12.4 18.0 GHz 6.43 dB
18.0 to 22.0 GHz 4.28 dB
22.0 to 26.5 GHz 5.36 dB
Specications and Characteristics 2-5

Declaration of Conformity
Figure 2-4. Declaration of Conformity
2-6 Specications and Characteristics

3
System Setup and Functional Tests
System Setup
The following procedure will assist you in setting up your
HP 84125A/B system.
Initial Inspection
Y
our HP 84125A/B system is sent to you in three shipping containers.
Inspect the shipping containers for damage
.UseTable 3-1 to verify
that the contents are complete
.It is important that you retain
the shipping containers for returning the system in one year for
recalibration. See \Returning the HP 84125A/B System for Calibration
or Service " in Chapter 7 for more information.
System Setup and Functional Tests 3-1