Megger T22/13B User manual

Instruction Manual
Date of release: 2003/ 25
Item number: 128311145
-
15 kV BURN OUT SET
T 22/13B

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FOREWORD
CONSULTATION BY MEGGER
These Operating Instruction are intended to help you solve any questions
and problems as fast and easily as possible. Please start with reading the
manual whenever some problem should arise.
If, however, some question should remain unanswered, please contact one
of the following addresses:
Megger Limited
Seba Dynatronic
Mess- und Ortungstechnik GmbH
Archcliffe Road
Kent CT17 9EN
T: [phone]
F: [phone]
E: [email protected]
Dr.-Herbert-Iann-Str. 6
D - 96148 Baunach
T: [phone] – 0
F: [phone]
E: [email protected]
Hagenuk KMT
Kabelmesstechnik GmbH
Megger USA
Röderaue 41
D - 01471 Radeburg / Dresden
T: [phone] – 0
F: [phone]
E: [email protected]
Valley Forge Corporate Centre
2621 Van Buren Avenue
Norristown, PA 19403 USA
T: [phone]
F: [phone]
Megger
All rights reserved. No part of this handbook may be copied by photographic or other means
unless Megger have before-hand declared their consent in writing. The content of this
handbook is subject to change without notice. Megger cannot be made liable for technical or
printing errors or shortcomings of this handbook. Megger also disclaims all responsibility for
damage resulting directly or indirectly from the delivery, supply, or use of this matter.

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TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF WARRANTY
Megger will accept a warranty claim brought forward by a customer for a
product sold by Megger under the terms stated below.
Megger guarantees that at the time of delivery Megger products are free
from faults in material and workmanship which would reduce their value
and serviceability to a large degree. This warranty does not cover any error
in the software supplied. During the warranty period Megger will repair
faulty parts or replace them with new parts or parts as new (with the same
usability and life as new parts) at their discretion.
Further warranty claims, in particular those from consequential damage,
cannot be accepted. Each component and product replaced in accordance
with this warranty becomes the property of Megger.
All warranty claims versus Megger expire after a period of 12 months from
the date of delivery. Each component supplied by Megger in the context of
warranty will also be covered by this warranty for the remaining period of
time, but at least for 90 days.
Each measure to remedy a warranty claim must be carried out exclusively
by Megger or one of their authorised service stations.
It is a precondition for accepting a warranty claim that the customer com-
plains about the fault, in a case of an immediately detectable fault within 10
days from the date of delivery.
This warranty does not cover any fault or damage caused by exposing a
product to conditions which are not in accordance with this specification, by
storing, transporting or using it improperly, or having it serviced or in-stalled
by a workshop not authorised by Megger. No claim will be ac-cepted in
case of wear and tear, will of God, or connection to foreign components.
For any damage resulting from a violation of their duty to repair or re-supply
items, Megger can be made liable only in case of severe negligence or
intention. Any liability for slight negligence is disclaimed.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. GENERAL 15
1.1. Safety instructions............................................................... 15
1.1.1. General safety regulations ..................................................... 17
1.1.2. General rules for working with high voltages......................... 20
1.1.2.1. Supplementary instructions.................................................... 21
1.1.2.2. Danger of recurring voltage from space charges .................. 21
1.1.3. Safety instructions specific to the measuring van.................. 22
1.1.4. Dangers of search pulse location .......................................... 23
1.1.5. Indications used in the description......................................... 26
1.1.6 Connection regulations .......................................................... 27
1.2. General functional description ........................................... 30
1.3. Scope of delivery ................................................................. 31
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF
MEASURING PROCEDURES 35
2.1. Introduction .......................................................................... 36
2.2. Pre-locating .......................................................................... 37
2.2.1. Low-impedance fault location ................................................ 37
2.2.2. High-impedance fault location................................................ 40
2.3. Pinpointing ........................................................................... 45
2.3.1. Pinpointing in power cables ................................................... 47
2.3.1.1. Distance method .................................................................... 48
2.3.1.2. Step-voltage procedure.......................................................... 49
2.3.2. Audiofrequency twist method................................................. 52
2.3.3. Distortion-of-minimum method............................................... 53
2.4. Testing medium-voltage cables with DC or AC
voltage................................................................................... 55
2.4.1. Testing with DC voltage ......................................................... 55

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2.4.2. DC voltage testing of cables with PE or VPE insulation ........ 56
3. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 59
3.1. Specifications ....................................................................... 59
3.2. Functional description......................................................... 60
4. OPERATING 65
4.1. Safety measures................................................................... 65
4.2. Controls and displays.......................................................... 67
4.3. Burning.................................................................................. 69
4.4. Pre-locating........................................................................... 72
4.4.1. Pre-locating using the arc surge method ............................... 72
4.4.2. Measurement with the T 32/23 pre-locating unit.................... 72
4.4.3. Ground fault measurements................................................... 73
5. CARE, MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR 77
5.1. Care and maintenance ......................................................... 77
5.2. Repair .................................................................................... 77
5.2.1. Malfunctions ........................................................................... 77
5.2.2. Troubleshooting...................................................................... 78
5.2.3. Equipment failure ................................................................... 78

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TABLE OF FIGURES
Fig. 1-1 Dangers of search pulse location ....................................... 1-24
Fig. 1-2 Connection regulations ....................................................... 1-29
Fig. 2-1 Systematics of fault location and cable testing in power
cables.................................................................................. 2-35
Fig. 2-2 Reflection factor for ohmic faults and changes in cable
type...................................................................................... 2-38
Fig. 2-3 The branched network: idealised reflectograms................. 2-39
Fig. 2-4 Relationship between pulse width and reflectogram .......... 2-39
Fig. 2-5 Usable reflection equipment ............................................... 2-40
Fig. 2-6 Principle of ARM ................................................................. 2-41
Fig. 2-7 Principle of the decay method............................................. 2-43
Fig. 2-8 Test voltage in the cable ..................................................... 2-44
Fig. 2-9 Principle of magnetic field formation owing to differential
current ................................................................................. 2-46
Fig. 2-10 Pinpointing methods............................................................ 2-47
Fig. 2-11 Principle of pinpointing using the distance method............. 2-49
Fig. 2-12 Pinpointing using the step-voltage method (capacitive) ..... 2-51
Fig. 2-13 Fault location using the step-voltage method ..................... 2-51
Fig. 2-14 Twist measurement with search coil on a 2-wire cable ...... 2-53
Fig. 2-15 Pinpointing using the distortion-of-minimum method.......... 2-54
Fig. 4-1 Connection diagram for T 22/13 B 15 kV burn-out set ....... 4-69

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
DIN Deutsche Industrie Norm
(German Industrial Standard)
ESF Energy Seperation Filter
HV High Voltage
IEC International Electrotechnical Commision
UVV Accident prevention regulations applicable in
Germany
VDE Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker
(Association of German Electrotechnical
engineers)

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EC-Declaration of conformity
CE Mark
We, the company
Hagenuk KMT
Kabelmeßtechnik GmbH
Röderaue
D-01471 Radeburg
declare in our responsibility, that the product
15 kV BURN OUT SET
is in conformity with the regulations of the Council of European Community
for equalization of the rule and regulation of the member states about
electromagnetic compatibility.(EMC-regulation 89/336/EWG).
This EC- declaration of conformity is the result of tests conducted by the
quality assurance departement of Hagenuk KMT Kabelmeßtechnik GmbH
according to article 10 of the regulation and in accordance with the basic
standards EN 50081-2 radio emission, EN 50082-2 Distortion resistivity, the
product standard EN 55011 and the basic standard EN 60801-2
Electrostatical discharges and IEC 1000-4-4 fast transient disturbances.
Radeburg, 16.06.2003
Dr.Iann
Manging Director

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CHAPTER 1
GENERAL

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1. GENERAL
1.1. Safety instructions
All persons involved in the installation, operation, maintenance
and repair of this system must have read this user manual
carefully.
The instrument and all additional equipment are in accordance
with the current state of safety technology at the time of
delivery. Owing to the work processes involved, however,
there may be parts of the instrument and its peripherals which
cannot be given optimum protection without an unreasonable
reduction in function and usability. Good personal safety
practice is therefore indispensable in terms of the protection of
staff and the instrument.
The following safety instructions must be complied with.
General instructions
Work on this instrument and its peripherals must only be
performed by qualified and/or trained staff. Other persons
must be kept away.
This user manual must be available for the supervisory,
operating and maintenance staff to refer to.
Improper use may endanger life and limb, the system and
connected equipment, as well as the efficient functioning of
the system (accident prevention regulations). The instrument
may only be used for the purpose for which it is intended by
the manufacturer.
Always use correct tools in perfect condition for all work.

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Regular checks must be made to ensure that the relevant
safety regulations are being complied with during operation
and maintenance.
The instrument may only be operated by authorised persons
with the appropriate skills. Only operate the system if it is in
technically perfect condition.
No non-original parts may be used for the instrument and its
peripherals, as the necessary safety will not otherwise be
guaranteed. No mode of working which detracts from the
safety of the instrument must be used.
The user is under an obligation to report any changes in the
system to the supervisor responsible without delay. The user
is under an obligation to shut down the instrument immediately
in the event of an instrument malfunction which detracts from
the safety of staff. The instrument may only be put back into
operation once the malfunction has been rectified.
Electrotechnical instructions
The instrument and all additional equipment must be
connected properly. The relevant DIN and VDE regulations
must be complied with.
Repair and maintenance work must only be carried out when
the system is switched off (dead) and then only by a skilled
electrician in accordance with current accident prevention
regulations (APR). A skilled electrician in the sense of the
accident prevention regulations is a person who can assess
the work assigned to him/her and recognise possible dangers
on the basis of his/her technical training, knowledge and
experience, and of his/her knowledge of the relevant regu-
lations.

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1.1.1. General safety regulations
Current accident prevention regulations take precedence
during maintenance and repair work.
Mark individual components before each repair.
Only use new seals and fuses when assembling fittings and
instruments as a matter of principle.
Screw connections must be dry (no lubrication).
All maintenance and repair work must only be carried out by
staff with appropriate specialist training.
Check the system for serviceability after all maintenance and
repair work.
Isolate and secure the work site.
Before work is done on electrical equipment, all parts on which
work is to be done must be de-energized.
This must be done even if the repair seems minor.
The disconnection point(s) must be secured against accidental
reconnection.
After isolation, check that the plant components on the work
site are de-energized on all poles before starting work.
This check should be performed with a voltage tester or other
measuring instrument which has recently had its proper
functioning tested on a live component.

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Fuses
The patching or bridging of fuses is forbidden, as is the use of
patched fuses.
When replacing fuses, only use replacements with the same
or a smaller rated current strength and action (slow, quick,
super-quick). Fitted bolts must not be replaced with ones for
fuses with a higher rated current strength.
Fuses must not be detached or pulled under load. Fuses must
not be used for switching electric circuits.
Handling regulations for fixed and movable cables and
lines
Mains cables and their mountings must not be used for
securing, attaching or suspending equipment, items of
clothing, etc.
When cables are disconnected, they must be protected
against kinking. The penetration of cable ends by moisture
must be prevented. Suitable moisture protection must be used
were necessary.
Moveable supply leads must not be subjected to unacceptable
stress while equipment is being operated or transported. In
particular, care must be taken that instruments are not
suspended by their leads and plugs are not pulled out of
sockets by the lead.
Handling regulations for connectors
Movable electrical plant must only be connected using the
connectors (plugs, sockets) provided.

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The use of adapters and plugs which fit sockets of a different
voltage is not permissible.
When replacing connectors, care must be taken that the
terminals are connected in proper phase.
Handling regulations for cable accessories
Cable terminals must be secured against working loose by
means of retainer washers and spring washers.
When reconnecting cables to equipment and plant, care must
be taken that the cable shielding is earthed (earth cone) and
the cable lead-in is tight (in accordance with the protection
class of the equipment in question).

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1.1.2. General rules for working with high voltages
Working with high-voltage devices and systems demands
special care.
This is particularly true of mobile operation, i.e. if the
accommodation in question and its equipment do not ensure
safety with permanent safety devices from the outset.
VDE Regulation 0104 "Installation and operation of electrical
test systems" and/or the equivalent IEC standard must be
complied with to the letter.
This clearly instructs:
- that high-voltage installations must only be operated in
properly secured rooms or behind corresponding barriers, and
safety devices must not be circumvented or put out of
operation.
- that at least two persons must be present during operation,
with one person being able to activate the emergency-off
circuit in the event of an emergency.