NEC NEC PD78081(A) User manual

µ PD78081 µ PD78081(A)
µ PD78082 µ PD78082(A)
µ PD78P083 µ PD78P083(A)
µ PD78P081(A2)
µ PD78083 SUBSERIES
8-BIT SINGLE-CHIPMICROCONTROLLER
Document No. U12176EJ2V0UM00 (2nd edition)
(O. D. No. IEU-886)
Date Published May 1997 N
Printed in Japan
©1992
1994

NOTES FOR CMOS DEVICES
1 PRECAUTION AGAINST ESD FOR SEMICONDUCTORS
Note:
Strong electric field, when exposed to a MOS device, can cause destruction of the gate oxide and
ultimately degrade the device operation. Steps must be taken to stop generation of static
electricity as much as possible, and quickly dissipate it once, when it has occurred. Environmental
control must be adequate. When it is dry, humidifier should be used. It is recommended to avoid
using insulators that easily build static electricity. Semiconductor devices must be stored and
transported in an anti-static container, static shielding bag or conductive material. All test and
measurement tools including work bench and floor should be grounded. The operator should be
grounded using wrist strap. Semiconductor devices must not be touched with bare hands. Similar
precautions need to be taken for PW boards with semiconductor devices on it.
2 HANDLING OF UNUSED INPUT PINS FOR CMOS
Note:
No connection for CMOS device inputs can be cause of malfunction. If no connection is provided
totheinputpins,itispossiblethataninternalinputlevelmaybegeneratedduetonoise,etc.,hence
causing malfunction. CMOS devices behave differently than Bipolar or NMOS devices. Input
levels of CMOS devices must be fixed high or low by using a pull-up or pull-down circuitry. Each
unused pin should be connected to VDD or GND with a resistor, if it is considered to have a
possibility of being an output pin. All handling related to the unused pins must be judged device
by device and related specifications governing the devices.
3 STATUS BEFORE INITIALIZATION OF MOS DEVICES
Note:
Power-on does not necessarily define initial status of MOS device. Production process of MOS
does not define the initial operation status of the device. Immediately after the power source is
turned ON, the devices with reset function have not yet been initialized. Hence, power-on does
not guarantee out-pin levels, I/O settings or contents of registers. Device is not initialized until
the reset signal is received. Reset operation must be executed immediately after power-on for
devices having reset function.

FIP, IEBus, and QTOP are trademarks of NEC Corporation.
MS-DOS and Windows are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the
United States and/or other countries.
IBM DOS, PC/AT and PC DOS are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.
HP9000 Series 300, HP9000 Series 700, and HP-UX are trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company.
SPARCstation is a trademark of SPARC International, Inc.
Sun OS is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Ethernet is a trademark of XEROX Corporation.
NEWS and NEWS-OS are trademarks of SONY Corporation.
OSF/Motif is a trademark of Open Software Foundation, Inc.
TRON is an abbreviation of The Realtime Operating system Nucleus.
ITRON is an abbreviation of Industrial TRON.
The export of these products from Japan is regulated by the Japanese government. The export of some or all of these
products may be prohibited without governmental license. To export or re-export some or all of these products from a
country other than Japan may also be prohibited without a license from that country. Please call an NEC sales
representative.
License not needed: µ PD78P083DU
The customer must judge the need for license:
µ PD78081CU-×××, 78081GB-×××-3B4, 78081GB-×××-3BS-MTX
µ PD78081GB(A)-×××-3B4, 78081GB(A2)-×××-3B4
µ PD78082CU-×××, 78082GB-×××-3B4, 78082GB-×××-3BS-MTX
µ PD78082GB(A)-×××-3B4
µ PD78P083CU, 78P083GB-3B4, 78P083GB-3BS-MTX
µ PD78P083CU(A), 78P083GB(A)-3B4, 78P083GB(A)-3BS-MTX

The application circuits and their parameters are for reference only and are not intended for use in actual design-ins.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written
consent of NEC Corporation. NEC Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in
this document.
NECCorporationdoesnotassumeanyliabilityforinfringementofpatents,copyrightsorotherintellectualproperty
rights of third parties by or arising from use of a device described herein or any other liability arising from use
ofsuchdevice. No license, eitherexpress,impliedorotherwise,is granted underanypatents,copyrightsor other
intellectual property rights of NEC Corporation or others.
WhileNECCorporationhasbeenmakingcontinuousefforttoenhancethereliabilityof itssemiconductordevices,
the possibility of defects cannot be eliminated entirely. To minimize risks of damage or injury to persons or
property arising from a defect in an NEC semiconductor device, customers must incorporate sufficient safety
measures in its design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features.
NEC devices are classified into the following three quality grades:
"Standard", "Special", and "Specific". The Specific quality grade applies only to devices developed based on a
customer designated “quality assurance program“ for a specific application. The recommended applications of
adevice depend onits quality grade,as indicated below. Customersmust check thequality grade ofeach device
before using it in a particular application.
Standard: Computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment,
audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic
equipment and industrial robots
Special: Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster
systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed
for life support)
Specific: Aircrafts, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life
support systems or medical equipment for life support, etc.
The quality grade of NEC devices is "Standard" unless otherwise specified in NEC's Data Sheets or Data Books.
If customers intend to use NEC devices for applications other than those specified for Standard quality grade,
they should contact an NEC sales representative in advance.
Anti-radioactive design is not implemented in this product.
M7 96.5

NEC Electronics Inc. (U.S.)
Santa Clara, California
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC Electronics (Germany) GmbH
Duesseldorf, Germany
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC Electronics (UK) Ltd.
Milton Keynes, UK
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC Electronics Italiana s.r.1.
Milano, Italy
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC Electronics Hong Kong Ltd.
Hong Kong
Tel:[phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC Electronics Hong Kong Ltd.
Seoul Branch
Seoul, Korea
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC Electronics Singapore Pte. Ltd.
United Square, Singapore 1130
Tel:[phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC Electronics Taiwan Ltd.
Taipei, Taiwan
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC do Brasil S.A.
Sao Paulo-SP, Brasil
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC Electronics (Germany) GmbH
Benelux Office
Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Tel:[phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC Electronics (France) S.A.
Velizy-Villacoublay, France
Tel:[phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC Electronics (France) S.A.
Spain Office
Madrid, Spain
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
NEC Electronics (Germany) GmbH
Scandinavia Office
Taeby, Sweden
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Regional Information
Some information contained in this document may vary from country to country. Before using any NEC
product in your application, please contact the NEC office in your country to obtain a list of authorized
representatives and distributors. They will verify:
• Device availability
• Ordering information
• Product release schedule
• Availability of related technical literature
• Development environment specifications (for example, specifications for third-party tools and
components, host computers, power plugs, AC supply voltages, and so forth)
• Network requirements
In addition, trademarks, registered trademarks, export restrictions, and other legal issues may also vary
from country to country.
J96. 8

Major Revision in This Edition
Page Description
Throughout The following products have been already developed
µ PD78081CU-×××, 78081GB-×××-3B4, 78082CU-×××, 78082GB-×××-3B4, 78P083CU, 78P083DU,
78P083GB-3B4
The following products have been added
µ PD78081GB-×××-3BS-MTX, 78082GB-×××-3BS-MTX, 78P083GB-3BS-MTX, 78081GB(A)-×××-3B4,
78082GB(A)-×××-3B4, 78P083CU(A), 78P083GB(A)-3B4, 78P083GB(A)-3BS-MTX, 78081GB(A2)-×××-3B4
Changes supply voltage to VDD = 1.8 to 5.5V.
p. 9 1.6 78K/0 Series Development has been changed.
p. 13 1.9 Differences between the µ PD78081, 78082, and 78P083, the µ PD78081(A), 78082(A), and
78P083(A), and the µ PD78081(A2) has been added.
p. 19 Cautions regarding the use of functions in common with 2.2.5 (2) (d) ASCK has been added.
p. 72 Cautions concerning the Write to OSMS Command has been added to 5.3 (2) Oscillation mode select
register (OSMS).
p. 73 Cautions concerning external clock input in 5.4.1 Main system clock oscillator has been changed.
p. 108 Figure 7-3. Watchdog Timer Mode Register Format, notes and cautions have been added.
p. 110 Description of 7.4.2 Interval timer operation has been changed.
p. 113 Cautions with regard to rewriting TCL0 to other than same data has been added to 8.3 (1) Timer clock
select register 0 (TCL0).
p. 120 The HSC bit has been added to the A/D Converter Mode
Register in Figure10-1. A/D Converter Block Diagram.
p. 122, 193 10.3 (1) A/D converter mode register (ADM), 13.1.1 Standby function, and Cautions have been added.
p. 137 Figure 11-1. Serial Interface Channel 2 Block Diagram has been corrected.
p. 146, 155 11.3 (4) (a), 11.4.2 (1) (d) (i) Generation of baud rate transmit/receive clock by means of main system
clock have been added.
76800 bps has been added to baud rate generated from the main system clock.
p. 161 Figure 11-10. Receive Error Timing has been corrected.
p. 165 11.4.3 (1) (c) Baud rate generator control register (BRGC) has been added.
p. 168 11.4.3 (3) MSB/LSB switching as start bit has been added.
p. 206 15.1 Memory Size Switching Register has been changed from W to R/W.
p. 205 Items and cautions have been added to Table 15-1. Differences between the µ PD78P083 and Mask ROM
Versions.
p. 214 A description of the QTOP microcontroller has been added to 15.5 Screening of One-Time PROM
Versions.
p. 232 Figure A-1. Development Tool Configuration has been changed.
p. 231 APPENDIX A DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
The following Development Tools have been added:
IE-78000-R-A, IE-70000-98-IF-B, IE-70000-98N-IF, IE-70000-PC-IF-B, IE-78000-R-SV3, SM78K0, ID78K0
p. 239 A.4 OS for IBM PC has been added.
p. 240 Table A-2. System-Up Method from Other In-Circuit Emulator to IE-78000-R-A has been added.
p. 244 B.1 Real-time OS has been added.
p. 249 APPENDIX D REVISION HISTORY has been added.
The mark shows major revised points.

PREFACE
Readers This manual has been prepared for user engineers who want to understand the
functions of the
µ PD78083 subseries and design and develop its application
systems and programs.
Caution In the
µ PD78083 Subseries, the µ PD78P083DU is not designed to maintain the
reliability required for use in customers’ mass-produced equipment.
Pleaseusethisdevice only for experimentation or for evaluation of functions.
Purpose This manual is intended for users to understand the functions described in the
Organization below.
Organization The
µ PD78083 subseries manual is separated into two parts: this manual and the
instruction edition (common to the 78K/0 Series).
µ PD78083 Subseries 78K/0 Series
User’s Manual User’s Manual
(This Manual) Instruction
Pin functions CPU functions
Internal block functions Instruction set
Interrupt Explanation of each instruction
Other on-chip peripheral functions
How to Read This Manual Beforereadingthismanual,youshouldhavegeneralknowledgeofelectricandlogic
circuits and microcontrollers.
For those who will be using this as a manual for the µ PD78081(A), 78082(A),
78P083(A) and 78081(A2):
→The
µ PD78081, 78082, 78P083 are explained as being representative de-
vices.
In case this is used as a manual for the
µ PD78081(A), 78082(A), 78P083(A),
or 78081(A2), please reread the product names as follows.
µ PD78081 → µ PD78081(A) or µ PD78081(A2)
µ PD78082 → µ PD78082(A)
µ PD78P083 → µ PD78P083(A)
When you want to understand the functions in general:
→Read this manual in the order of the contents.
To know the µ PD78083 Subseries instruction function in detail:
→Refer to the 78K/0 Series User's Manual: Instructions (IEU-1372)
How to interpret the register format:
→
For the circled bit number, the bit name is defined as a reserved word in
RA78K/
0, and in CC78K/0, already defined in the header file named sfrbit.h.
To learn the function of a register whose register name is known:
→Refer to Appendix C Register Index.
To know the electrical specifications of the µ PD78083 Subseries:
→Refer to separately available Data Sheet.

Toknowapplicationexamplesofthefunctionsprovidedinthe µ PD78083Subseries:
→Refer to Application Note separately provided.
Legend Data representation weight : High digits on the left and low digits on the right
Active low representations : ××× (line over the pin and signal names)
Note : Description of note in the text.
Caution : Information requiring particular attention
Remarks : Additional explanatory material
Numeral representations : Binary ... ×××× or ××××B
Decimal ... ××××
Hexadecimal ... ××××H
Examples of use in this manual are prepared for “Standard” quality level devices for general electronic
equipment. In the case of examples of use in this manual for devices which meet “Special” quality level
requirements, please use each device only after studying each part that is actuall to be used, the circuitry
and the quality level of each component before use.

Related Documents The related documents indicated in this publication may include preliminary
versions. However, preliminary versions are not marked as such.
Related documents for µ PD78054 subseries
Document name Document No.
Japanese English
µ PD78083 Subseries User’s Manual U12176J This Manual
µ PD78081, 78082 Data Sheet U11415J U11415E
µ PD78P083 Data Sheet U11006J U11006E
µ PD78081(A), 78082(A), 78081(A2) Data Sheet In preparation To be prepared
µ PD78P083(A) Data Sheet U12175J U12175E
µ PD78083 Subseries Special Function Register Table IEM-5599 —
78K/0 Series User’s Manual—Instruction IEU-849 IEU-1372
78K/0 Series Instruction Table U10903J —
78K/0 Series Instruction Set U10904J —
78K/0 Series Application Note Basics (III) IEA-767 U10182E
Caution: Theabovedocumentsaresubjecttochangewithoutpriornotice. Besuretousethelatestversion
document when starting design.

Development Tool Documents (User’s Manuals)
Document name Document No.
Japanese English
RA78K Series Assembler Package Operation EEU-809 EEU-1399
Language EEU-815 EEU-1404
RA78K Series Structured Assembler Preprocessor EEU-817 EEU-1402
RA78K0 Assembler Package Structured assembly language U11789J U11789E
Assembly language U11801J U11801E
Operation U11802J U11802E
CC78K Series C Compiler Operation EEU-656 EEU-1280
Language EEU-655 EEU-1284
CC78K/0 C Compiler Operation U11517J U11517E
Language U11518J U11518E
CC78K/0 C Compiler Application Note Programming know-how EEA-618 EEA-1208
CC78K Series Library Source File EEU-777 —
PG-1500 PROM Programmer U11940J EEU-1335
PG-1500 Controller PC-9800 Series (MS-DOS™) Base EEU-704 EEU-1291
PG-1500 Controller IBM PC Series (PC DOS™) Base EEU-5008 U10540E
IE-78000-R EEU-810 U11376E
IE-78000-R-A U10057J U10057E
IE-78000-R-BK EEU-867 EEU-1427
IE-78078-R-EM U10775J U10775E
EP-78083 EEU-5003 EEU-1529
SM78K0 System Simulator Windows™ Base Reference U10181J U10181E
SM78K Series System Simulator External component user U10092J U10092E
open interface specifications
ID78K0 Integrated Debugger EWS Base Reference U11151J —
ID78K0 Integrated Debugger PC Base Reference U11539J —
ID78K0 Integrated Debugger Windows™ Base Guide U11649J U11649E
SD78K/0 Screen Debugger Introduction EEU-852 U10539E
PC-9800 Series (MS-DOS) Base Reference U10952J —
SD78K/0 Screen Debugger Introduction EEU-5024 EEU-1414
IBM PC/AT™ (PC DOS) Base Reference U11279J U11279E
Caution: Theabovedocumentsaresubjecttochangewithoutpriornotice. Besuretousethelatestversion
document when starting design.