Olympus CHD User manual

scanned by 1. G. McHone 15 Jan 2010
for personal use only, not for sale
BIOLOGICAL MICROSCOPE
This instruction manual is for use of the Olympus Biological
Microscope
Model CHD. We recommend you read this
manual
carefully in order to familiarize yourself fully with
the use of your microscope so that you can obtain maximum
performance.
OLYMPUS
AX!)570

BEFORE USE
Observe the following procedures carefully:
a Operation
------------------------ __ ~---_-.I
CD Since the microscope is aprecision instrument, always handle it with care, and avoid abrupt motions or
impacts.
(i) Avoid exposure to direct sunlight, high temperature and humidity, dust and vibration.
@Never direct the sunlight to the microscope mirror while adjusting illumination in order to protect your
eyes from the sunlight.
@Only use the tension adjustment ring for altering the tension of the coarse adjustment knobs.
@ Be careful not to soil lens surfaces with dust, fingerprints, etc.
fJ Main18nance and .;;..Sto...;....ra _
CD Use aclean brush or lens tissue paper to clean the lens surfaces. If the lens surfaces are soiled with oil or
fingerprints, wipe them
off carefully with gauze moistened with asmall amount of alcohol and ether
(3: 7) solution, or xylene.
CV Do not use organic solutions (e.g. thinner, xylene, ether, alcohol, etc'! to wipe painted surfaces of various
components, and especially, plastic parts. When extremely soiled, they shou
Id be cleaned with aneutral
detergent.
@ Do not disassemble any part of microscope, since the integrated performance may be impaired.
@When not in use, the microscope should be covered with the dust cover provided or contained in astorage
case, and kept in aplace free from humidity and mold.
Attaching the fixing blocks of the microscope stand In the wooden ilqrege case ICHD-WBI
(optionally avail'able,
The fixing blocks should be screwed at the bottom of
the storage case in the following procedure:
1) Insert the screw into aflat washer and one of the
two holes (8 mm dia.) in the base plate of the case
as illustrated at the right.
2) Tighten the screw to clamp one block
by means of
the spanner provided.
3) Clamp the other block on the opposite side.
Fixing block
Storage
case
y-
Flat
washer
~
~

BEFORE USE
Observe the following procedures carefully:
a Operation
CD Since the microscope is aprecision instrument, always handle it with care, and avoid abrupt motions or
impacts.
CV Avoid exposure to direct sunlight, high temperature and humidity, dust and vibration.
@Never direct the sunlight to the microscope mirror while adjusting illumination in order to protect your
eyes from the sunlight.
@Only use the tension adjustment ring for altering the tension of the coarse adjustment knobs.
@ Be careful not to soil lens surfaces with dust, fingerprints, etc.
II Maintenance and Stora
CD Use aclean brush or lens tissue paper to clean the lens surfaces. If the lens surfaces are soiled with oil or
fingerprints, wipe them
off carefully with gauze moistened with asmall amount of alcohol and ether
(3: 7) solution, or xylene.
CV Do not use organic solutions (e.g. thinner, xylene, ether, alcohol, etc,) to wipe painted surfaces of various
components, and especially, plastic parts. When extremely soiled, they should
be cleaned with aneutral
detergent.
@ Do not disassemble any part of microscope, since the integrated performance may be impaired.
@When not in use, the microscope should be covered with the dust cover provided or contained in astorage
case, and kept in aplace free from humidity and mold.
Attaching the fixing blocks of the microscope stand In the wooden storage case ICHO·\)VB)
(optionally available)
The fixing blocks should be screwed at the bottom of
the storage case in the following procedure:
1) Insert the screw into aflat washer and one of the
two holes (8 mm dia.) in the base plate of the case
as illustrated at the right.
2) Tighten the screw to clamp one block
by means of
the spanner provided.
3) Clamp the other block on the opposite side.
Fixing block
Storage
case
I y-
Flat
washer
~
~

CONTENTS
1. STANDARD EQUIPMENT 1I
2. SPECIFICATIONS 22
3. NOMENCLATURE 33
ASSEMBLY 4
4:
4.
14-1
AS$embly' DIagram
41
14-~
Expranation for Assembly Pf'ocedIJre
'I
5.
OBSERVATION (Putting the Microscope in Operation) 6
DSpecimen Placement 6
fJ Adjustment of the Microscope Mirror 7
II Focus 7
II Interpupillary Distance Adjustment (for CH-BI45-W only) 7
II Diopter Adjustment 8
II Objective selection 8
II Adjustment of the Aperture Iris Diaphragm 8
.. Tension Adjustment of the Coarse Adjustment Knobs 9
III Locking of the Pre-focusing Lever 9
1m Use of Immersion Objectives
10
6. OPTICAL DATA
06
7. TROUBLE SHOOTING
11 "--_----I

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STANDARD EQUIPMENT
CHO·
Component
212E
012E OOlE
--
Microscope stand
with
quadruple revolving nosepiece,
square plain stage, including dust plug AA7808,
fiIter CHO-F 00 0
32.5C-2, immersion oil Bcc and dust cover COll
Monocular observation tube, inclined 45° CH-M045-W 0 0
Binocular observation tube, inclined 45° CH-BI45-W 0
Attachable mechanical stage with right-hand low drive CH-MVR 00
controls
Stage clips, paired CH-SCBI 0
Condenser, N.A. 1.25 CH2-CO 0 0 0
Filter holder CH2-FH 00 0
Plano-concave mirror
K-MM 0 0 0
E 0 achromatic objective 4X
ED4X 0
E 0 achromatic objective
lOX
E010X
000
E 0 achromatic objective
40X (spring)
E040X/R
0 0 0
E 0 achromatic objective 100X (spring, oil)
E0100X/RO 00
LB eyepiece
lOX CWHK10X 00
LB eyepiece 10X(2 pcs.) CWHK10X 0
Optional accessories:
Phase contrast attachment
Simple
phase contrast attachment
Vertical
illuminator
Attachable mechanical stage with left-hand
low drive controls
Sub-stage
ilium inator
Table stand
illuminator
Wooden storage case
CH2-PCO-PL
CH2-PC-PL
BH2-KMA
CH-MVL
LSK-3
LSO-W
CHO-WB
D----------------------------

2
SPECIFICATIONS
Item Description
Microscope Circular dovetail mount for observation tube; built-on quadruple
nose-
limb piece; and square plain stage 124mm x153 mm.
Coarse and fine Coaxial
coarse and fine focusing controls.
Coarse and fine drive range
Microscope adjustments
25mm; fine drive knobs graduated in increments of 2.5J1..
Tension adiust-
stand ment knobs, and pre-focusing lever for
coarse focusing.
Condenser holder Rack
and pinion condenser height displacement up to 28mm.
Base
Provided with accommodation for attachment of microscope mirror and
substage illuminator.
Monocular Inclined 45°.
Observation Inclined 45°. Interpupillary distance adjustment
with a scale between
tubes Binocular
53mm -72 mm.
Variable diopter adjustment ring equipped on the left-side eyepiece tube.
Attachable mechanical
stage
Low-positioned coaxial
control knobs; X-V
trave~sing area 76mm x
50 mm, compatible
with two standard slides simultaneously.
N.A. 1.25 (in immersion oil).
with
graduated aperture diaphragm. Pro-
Condenser vision to accept afilter holder.
Filter holder Accepts a32.5
mm dia. filter.
Microscope mirror Plano-concave
mirror (50mm dia.l
Filter Blue
filter (32.5mm dia.)
Objectives
ED4X, EDlOX, ED40X (spring-loaded). ED100X (spring-Ioaded, oiIim-
mersion)
Eyepiece CWHK10X (provided
with accommodation to accept
an eyepiece micro-
meter)
Dimensions 180 mm
(W) x223 mm (D) x370 mm (H) (binocular version)
Eyepoint height Binocular: 372 mm Monocular: 375 mm
Weight CHD-212E: 4.9
kg.
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NOMENCLATURE
Diopter adjustment ring
I Binocular tube
IRevolving nosepiece I
IObjective I
Specimen holder
I Mirror I
Hand reset
IStage clip I
Condenser height adjustment
knob
Pre-focusing lever
IEyepiece I
Observation tube
clamping screw
Mechanical stage I
IMicroscope stand
Tension
adjustment ring
Fine
adjustment knob
Graduated in increments of 2.5/J.
Coarse adjustment knob
Coaxial low drive control
knobs
I Monocular tube I
Condenser clamping screw
ICondenser I
Aperture iris diaphragm
lever
Filter holder
Accepts a 32.5mm dia. filter.
IJ-----------------------

4
--------
ASSEMBLY
[4-1 Assembl,V Diagram
*Assemble each component in the order of the numbers, taking care to keep all glass surfaces clean and avoid
scratching the lens surfaces,
Objective
~
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S ta ge -------f
clip
Mechanical stage
Filter (32,5 mm dia.)
condenser.g
II 10
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Filter
holder
..
Microscope
stand
II
»
(f)
(f)
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CD
~
4-2 Exp'lanation for Assembl,V Procedure
Fig. 1
DMounting the observation tube
1) Loosen the clamping screw CD fully, and mount the observation tube
on the circular dovetail mount. Reclamp the screw CD to securely hold
the observation tube on the stand. (Fig. 1)
2) The observation tube can be normally mounted on the stand with the
eyepiece tube(s)
pointing backward the microscope so that the observer
can look into the eyepiece(s) over the pillar to utilize available light as
much as possible; however, the observation tube can be clamped at any
direction to the observer preference or convenience.
IJ Insertion of the eyepiece(s)
Insert the eyepiece(s) into the eyepiece tube(s) (~). (Fig. 1)
-----------------------------11

II
Fig. 2
(J)
I Use of an eyepiece micrometer I
An eyepiece micrometer (10 mm/100~ (optionally available) can be
inserted into the eyepiece CWHK10X in the following procedure:
1) Remove the retaining
ring' 1./ from the lower end of the eyepiece
and place the micrometer on the retaining ring
with the reticle-
engraved surface, facing
downward. (Fig. 2)
* Be certain to clean the micrometer disc before inserting into the
eyepiece.
2) Return the retaining ring into the eyepiece and insert the eyepiece
into the eyepiece tube.
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
III Mounting the objectives
1) Lower the stage by means of the coarse adjustment knobs.
2) Screw the objectives into the nosepiece, from low power to higher
power in aclockwise
direction. (Fig. 3)
*Close the empty aperture in the nosepiece with aplug CD provided.
(Fig. 3)
II Mounting the mechanical stage
Mount the mechanical stage on the plain stage CD in amanner that
the specimen traversing guide of the mechanical stage is located
closest
to the pillar, and tighten the stage clamping screws ® with
acoin. (Fig. 4)
•Insertion
of stage clips
The plain stage
is pre-drilled for insertion of the stage clips when the
mechanical stage
is not attached (see page 4).
II Mounting the condenser
Insert the condenser into the condenser holder, with the condenser
iris diaphragm lever
(1), directing in the microscope front, and
tighten the clamping screw (2) .(Fig. 5)
11----------------------------

II Insertion of the blue filter
Slip the blue filter (32.5mm dia.) ® into the filter holder CD. (Fig.
6)
II Insertion of the filter holder
Insert the filter holder m into the condenser from below. (Fig. 6)
5
Fig. 6
... Mounting the mirror
1) Insert the mirror C:D fork into the mirror mounting seat ®in the
base.
2) If the mirror fork is loose, pullout the mirror fork, and adjust the
slit in the
fork with ascrewdriver.
Fig.7
oBSE RVAT ION (Putting the Microscope in Operation)
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Fig. 8
DSpecimen Placement
1) Open the spring-loaded specimen finger CD, and slide the specimen
slide
into the holder, with the cover glass upward.
Push the slide all the way against the holder and release the finger CD
slowly. (Fig. 8)
*A sudden release of the finger may cause damage to the slide or
the holder.
2) For use of the stage clips in place of the specimen holder, insert apair
of stage clips into the holes on the drilled surface of the stage and
insert
the specimen slide between each clip and the stage surface.
•
Use of acover glass
Use acover glass of 0.17mm thick in conjunction with the objectives marked with the inscription "160/
0.17" for optimum performance of these objectives.
•
Use of aspecimen slide
The thickness
of aspecimen slide between 0.9 mm and 1.2 mm is recommended for the CHD. If the thick-
ness of aslide exceeds this range, illumination may sometimes be impaired.
---------------------------B

DAdjustment of the Microscope Mirror
1) Install the microscope near the window or place alamp stand (I; in
front of the microscope. (Fig. 9)
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Fig.9
2) Looking through the observation tube, adjust the mirror angle and
direction so that the field of view is evenly illuminated. (Fig. 10)
3) The flat surface of the mirror is usually employed, unless the objec-
tive is very low power. However, if the field of view is not evenly il-
luminated, use the concave surface.
4)
For observation with the available light from the window or from the
fluorescent lamp in the
room, remove the blue filter from the con-
denser.
5)
For observation with incandescent light, use the blue filter.
Fig. 10
..
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
II Focus
1) Swing in the lOX objective.
2) Bring the specimen into focus by means of the focus adjustment
knobs.
* Rotate the focus adjustment knobs clockwise (in the direction of
the arrow in Fig. 11), to raise the stage (or the specimen ap-
proaches
to the objective), or reverse the knobs to lower the stage.
Interpupillary Distance Adjustment
(for the binocular tube)
1) Looking through the binocular tube, move the knurled dovetail slides
(1, in the directions of the arrows until a perfect binocular vision is
obtained. (Fig. 12)
2)
If you memorize your interpupillary distance setting on the scale @
provided on the dovetail slide OJ, it is convenient to obtain a proper
setting next time. (Fig. 12)
B-----------------------------

II Diopter Adjustment (for the binocular tube)
1) Look at the image through the right eyepiece with your right eye,
and focus
on the specimen with the focus adjustment knobs.
2)
Next, looking at the image through the left eyepiece with your left
eye, rotate the diopter adjustment ring CD to focus on the specimen
without using the focus adjustment knobs. (Fig. 13)
Fig. 13
II Objective Selection
II
1) Swing in the objective to use. (Fig. 14)
2)
Be certain to click the nosepiece in position.
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II Adjustment of the Aperture Iris Diaphragm
The opening of the aperture iris diaphragm built in the condenser
can
be adjusted to match with the numerical aperture of the
objective in
use, in order to achieve optimum objective perform-
ance such as oepth of focus, image contrast and resol ut ion.
1) Turning the diaphragm lever
CD counterclockwise reduces the dia-
phragm opening. (Fig. 15)
Fig. 15
Exit pupil
of objective
70% -80%
30% -20%
2) Remove the eyepiece, and looking at the exit pupil of the objective
through the
empty eyepiece tube, adjust the opening of the dia-
phragm. Generally, it is preferable to stop down the aperture dia-
phragm
to 70% to 80% of the objective N.A. (Fig. 16)
If the specimen is lightly stained, or almost colorless and transparent,
further reduce the diaphragm opening to increase contrast for better
observation.
Be careful, however, if the diaphragm is stopped down
too much, the resolution will deteriorate.
Fig. 16
--------------------------11

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Fig. 17
Fig. 18
iii Tension Adjustment of the Coarse Adjustment Knobs
1) Atension adjustment ring CD is provided next to the coarse adjust-
men t knob. Wi th this device the tension of the coarse adjustment is
freely adjustable for either heavy or light movement, depending upon
operator preference.
Applying the blade of alarge screwdriver at the knurled periphery of
the tension adjustment ring G), rotate the ring in the direction of
the arrow to increase the tension, or reverse the ring to loosen. (Fig.
17)
2) However, do not loosen the tension adjustment ring too much, be-
cause this may cause the stage to drop or the fine adjustment knobs
to
sl ip.
II Locking of the Pre-focusing Lever
The lever G) is provided to prevent possible contact between speci-
men and objective
as well as to simplify coarse focusing. The lever
is locked, turning it in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 18, after
coarse focus has been accomplished. This is convenient for liquid
application or change of specimens, too, since it prevents further
upward travel of the stage by means of the coarse adjustment
knobs, and provides a
limiting stop if the stage is lowered and
then raised again. The pre-focusing lever does
not restrict fine
focusing.
* Unlock this lever when not in use.
11----------------------------

1m Use of Immersion Objectives
1) To utilize the full numerical aperture of an immersion objective (with inscription "oil"). the objective and
specimen are immersed in
an immersion oil in a following manner:
2) Focus on the specimen
with a low power objective.
3) Put a
drop of immersion oil on the specimen slide and the front lens of the immersion objective.
4)
Turn the nosepiece to bring the immersion objective into the light path, and focus with the fine adjustment
knobs.
* Use of the pre·focusing lever facilitates steps 2) -4) above.
*Care should be taken to prevent oil bubble from forming in the oil film; if any, swing the nosepiece to the
right and
left reciprocally several times and re-apply immersion oil, since these bubbles greatly deteriorate
the lens performance.
* Be careful not to stain other objectives with immersion oil, and after use, carefully wipe off the immersion
oil on the objective, etc. completely.
6
OPTICAL DATA
Objective Type E0,;A.chromat
Magnification
4X lOX
40X
100X*
N.A.
0.10 0.25 0.65 1.25
W.o. (mm) 29.00 6.30 0.53 0.20
Focal length (mm) 31.05 16.45 4.59 1.90
Resolving power
(~)** 3.4 1.3
0.52 0.26
Eyepiece Remarks Spring-loaded
Total magnification 40X
100X 400X 1000X
CWHK10X Focal depth
(~) 172.5 27.60 3.03 0.67
(Field number 181
Field of view (mm) 4.5 1.8
0.45
0.18
*lmmersion objective
**The resolving power is obtained with the fully opened aperture diaphragm.
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The distance from the specimen or cover glass to the nearest point of the objec-
tive.
Resolving power:
The
N.A. represents aperformance number which could be compared to the
relative aperture (f-number)
of acamera lens. The quantity of light which the
objective receives
from the object increases with the square of the performance
number.
The resolving power
of a lens is measured by its ability to separate two points.
The distance between the upper and lower
limits of sharpness in the image
formed
by an optical system. As you stop down the aperture iris diaphragm,
the focal depth becomes deeper. The larger the N.A. of the objective the
shallower the focal depth.
Anumber that represents
the diameter in mm of the image of the field dia-
phragm
that is formed by lens in front of it.
Field-of-view diameter: The actual size of the field of view in mm.
Field number:
Focal
depth:
Numerical aperture:
Glossary:
Working distance:
Total magnification: Objective magnfication xEyepiece magnification.
-------------------------------11

7
TROUBLE SHOOTING
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If you are unable to obtain full performance from your microscope because of your unfamiliarity with the
microscope, please consult
with the table below as pointers for troubleshooting'
Trouble Clluse Remedy
.- -
1.
Optica'i system
a) Field
of view is cut off, or
Nosepiece is not clicked into place. Slightly
rotate the nosepiece until it
illuminated irregularly. clicks
into position.
(p.8)
Condenser is not correctly mounted Re-insert the condenser all the way.
on the ring mount_
(p.5)
Mirror is not properly adjusted.
Adjust the mirror correctly. (p.7)
Use the concave side.
b) Dust or
dirt is visible
in
Dust or dirt on the mirror surface.
the field
of view. Dust on the condenser top lens.
---- Remove dust or dirt.
Dirty specimen.
Dust on eyepiece.
c) Excessive image contrast. Condenser
is lowered too much. Raise the condenser.
Aperture iris diaphragm is stopped Open the diaphragm. (p. 8)
down too much.
d) Resolution problems: Objective
is not correctly engaged in Slightly
rotate the nosepiece until
it
• Image is not sharp. the
light path. clicks into position. (p. 8)
•
Insufficient contrast.
Dirt on the objective front lens. Clean
the objective.
•Image details lack
_.
definition.
Immersion objective is used without Apply immersion oil. (p. 10)
immersion oil.
Bubbles in the immersion oil. Remove bubbles.
(P. 10)
Olympus immersion oil is not used.
Use Olympus immersion oil.
Dirty specimen.
Dust on eyepiece or condenser top lens. Clean.
e) Field
of view
is
partially
Objective is not correctly positioned in
Slightly rotate the nosepiece
until it
out of focus. the light path. clicks
into position.
Specimen
is not correctly placed on
Place the specimen on the stage and
the stage. secure
it with the specimen holder or
stage clips.
f) Image
is tinted yellowish. Incandescent
light
is
used without
Use blue filter. (p.7)
blue filter.
g)
Image is tinted bluish. Blue
filter is used with natural light Disengage blue filter. (p.7)
or fluorescent light.
11-----------------------------

Trouble Cause Aemedy
2.
Focus adjustment mechanism .-
a)
Coarse
adjustment
knobs Tension
adjustment ring is tightened Loosen the tension
adjustment
ri n~J
are too tight. too much. slightly (p.9)
User is trying to raise the stage, passing
Unlock the rre-focusing lever. (p. 9)
over the upper focusing limit imposed
by the engaged pre-focusing lever. -
.-
b) Stage drops and the speci- Tension adjustment ring is too loose. Tighten the ring properly.
(p.9)
men goes out of focus. --_.
c) Stage cannot be raised to Pre-focusing lever is engaged in lower Unlock the lever. (P. 9)
the
upper limit. than focusing position.
.-
--_._---_._ .
d) Stage
cannot be lowered Substage
is lowered too much. Raise the substage.
to the lower limit of the
working range.
.-
e)
Objective front lens Specimen is mounted on the stage up- Reverse the specimen. (p. 6)
touches the specimen. side
down.
3: Binocular tube
Incomplete binocular Interpupillary distance is not correctly
Correct the interpupillary distance.
vision. adjusted.
(p.7)
_..-
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Diopter adjustment is incomplete. Comp
Jete the diopter acljustment.
(p.7)
Right and
left
eyepieces are
not Use apair of matched eyepieces.
matched.
.-
User is unaccustomed to binocular vi- Prior
to looking at the image of the
sion. specimen,
try
to
look at the entire
field of view, or
look
at afar away
object before resuming
microscopic
observation.
4. "Stage
a)
I mage easily goes out of Stage clamping knobs are not tight-
Tighten the stage clamping screws with
focus when you touch the
ened. a
coil. (P. 5)
stage. -
b) Image blurs as you move Specimen
is not correctly positioned Place the specimen on the stage cor-
the specimen. on the stage. rectly. (p. 6)
6. QbJective change
When objectives are
Specimen is mounted on the stage up- Reverse the specimen. (p. 6)
changed, the frontlens
of side down.
the high power objective Cover
glass is too thick.
Use a 0.17 mm-thick cover glass.
touches the specimen.
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scanned by J. G. McHone 15 Jan 2010
for personal use only, not for sale
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