Siemens SINAMICS S120 User guide

Grid infeed
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SINAMICS
S120
Grid infeed
System Manual
Valid for: Firmware Version 4.7
04/2015
A5E03347436A
Preface
Fundamental safety
instructions
1
General information
2
Grid types
3
Standards and directives
4
Function modules
5
Detailed descriptions of the
function modules
6
Commissioning
7
Device overview
8
Function diagrams
9
Appendix
A

Siemens AG
Division Process Industries and Drives
Postfach 48 48
90026 NÜRNBERG
GERMANY
A5E03347436A
Ⓟ
04/2015 Subject to change
Copyright © Siemens AG 2011 - 2015.
All rights reserved
Legal information
Warning notice system
This manual contains notices you have to observe in order to ensure your personal safety, as well as to prevent
damage to property. The notices referring to your personal safety are highlighted in the manual by a safety alert
symbol, notices referring only to property damage have no safety alert symbol. These notices shown below are
graded according to the degree of danger.
DANGER
indicates that death or severe personal injury will result if proper precautions are not taken.
WARNING
indicates that death or severe personal injury may result if proper precautions are not taken.
CAUTION
indicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken.
NOTICE
indicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.
If more than one degree of danger is present, the warning notice representing the highest degree of danger will
be used. A notice warning of injury to persons with a safety alert symbol may also include a warning relating to
property damage.
Qualified Personnel
The product/system described in this documentation may be operated only by
personnel qualified
for the specific
task in accordance with the relevant documentation, in particular its warning notices and safety instructions.
Qualified personnel are those who, based on their training and experience, are capable of identifying risks and
avoiding potential hazards when working with these products/systems.
Proper use of Siemens products
Note the following:
WARNING
Siemens products may only be used for the applications described in the catalog and in the relevant technical
documentation. If products and components from other manufacturers are used, these must be recommended
or approved by Siemens. Proper transport, storage, installation, assembly, commissioning, operation and
maintenance are r
equired to ensure that the products operate safely and without any problems. The permissible
ambient conditions must be complied with. The information in the relevant documentation must be observed.
Trademarks
All names identified by ® are registered trademarks of Siemens AG. The remaining trademarks in this publication
may be trademarks whose use by third parties for their own purposes could violate the rights of the owner.
Disclaimer of Liability
We have reviewed the contents of this publication to ensure consistency with the hardware and software
described. Since variance cannot be precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee full consistency. However, the
information in this publication is reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections are included in subsequent
editions.

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System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A 5
Preface
Objective
This document describes SINAMICS units and functions which enable power to be fed into a
power grid or to an island grid. Reference is made only to the hardware components
required for infeed and the necessary software functions/options. In some instances, the
hardware differs from the conventional, widely used SINAMICS infeed and regenerative
feedback units for industrial applications. The software offers options to provide additional
functionality.
Detailed information on general hardware, software functions and engineering
information/instructions are described in separate documentation and can obtained from the
regional SIEMENS office and used as supplementary information for this documentation.
Target group
This document is used by system integrators and Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs)
to operate, parameterize and commission the SINAMICS devices with the associated
software functions for power infeed.
Validity
The document applies to the following devices:
●Active Line Modules, booksize format with article number ... AA3
●Active Line Modules, chassis format with article number ... AA4
Further reference documents
●SINAMICS S120/S150 List Manual
●SINAMICS S120 Commissioning Manual
●SINAMICS S120 Function Manual Drive Functions
●SINAMICS S120 Equipment Manual for Chassis Power Units
●SINAMICS S120 Equipment Manual for Booksize Power Units
●SINAMICS LV Configuration Manual
Internet address
Up-to-date information about our products can be found on the Internet at:
http://www.siemens.com (http://www.siemens.com)
You can find information on SINAMICS at: www.siemens.com/sinamics
(www.siemens.com/sinamics)
Application descriptions can be found at: Application and tools
(https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/ps/ae)

Preface
Grid infeed
6System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A
Technical support
European and African time zones
Telephone
[phone]
Fax
[phone]
Internet
http://www.siemens.com/automation/support-request
America time zones
Telephone
[phone]
Fax
[phone]
Internet
[e-mail]
Asia/Pacific time zones
Telephone
[phone]
Fax
[phone]
Internet
[e-mail]
Note
For technical support telephone numbers for different countries, go to:
http://www.automation.siemens.com/partners
EC Declarations of Conformity
The EC Declaration of Conformity for the EMC Directive and for the Low Voltage Directive
can be found/obtained from the relevant regional office of the DF MC or PD LD Business
Units of Siemens AG.

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System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A 7
Table of contents
Preface ................................................................................................................................................... 5
1 Fundamental safety instructions............................................................................................................ 11
1.1 General safety instructions .....................................................................................................11
1.2 Safety instructions for electromagnetic fields (EMF) ..............................................................14
1.3 Handling electrostatic sensitive devices (ESD) ......................................................................15
1.4 Industrial security ....................................................................................................................16
1.5 Residual risks of power drive systems....................................................................................17
2 General information .............................................................................................................................. 19
3 Grid types ............................................................................................................................................. 21
3.1 Power grid...............................................................................................................................21
3.2 Island grid ...............................................................................................................................23
3.3 Microgrid .................................................................................................................................24
4 Standards and directives....................................................................................................................... 25
4.1 Protection and safety ..............................................................................................................25
4.2 EMC ........................................................................................................................................25
4.3 Grid harmonics........................................................................................................................25
4.4 Grid codes/standards..............................................................................................................26
4.5 Standards for Germany, Italy, USA ........................................................................................26
5 Function modules.................................................................................................................................. 29
5.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................29
5.2 Typical applications of grid infeed to generate power ............................................................33
5.3 Description of the function modules........................................................................................34
5.3.1 Line transformer function module ...........................................................................................34
5.3.1.1 Grid-friendly transformer magnetization .................................................................................34
5.3.1.2 Identification of the transformer data ......................................................................................35
5.3.1.3 Line filter and transformer monitoring .....................................................................................35
5.3.2 Function module for grid droop control ...................................................................................35
5.3.2.1 Black start in an island grid.....................................................................................................39
5.3.2.2 Synchronizing an island grid to an external power grid ..........................................................39
5.3.3 Function module, dynamic grid support..................................................................................40
5.3.3.1 Dynamic grid support..............................................................................................................40
5.3.3.2 Grid monitoring anti-islanding .................................................................................................43
5.3.3.3 Voltage-time monitoring ..........................................................................................................44
5.3.3.4 Frequency-time monitoring .....................................................................................................44
5.3.3.5 Other monitoring functions that can be activated ...................................................................45
5.3.4 Cosinus phi display function module ......................................................................................45

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8System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A
5.3.5 Additional closed-loop controls function module.................................................................... 47
5.3.5.1 Reactive current/apparent current limits ................................................................................ 47
6 Detailed descriptions of the function modules........................................................................................ 49
6.1 Additional closed-loop controls for current-controlled operation............................................ 49
6.1.1 Background information ......................................................................................................... 49
6.1.2 Dynamic grid support ............................................................................................................. 50
6.1.3 DC component controller ....................................................................................................... 52
6.1.4 Negative sequence system current controller........................................................................ 53
6.1.5 Grid-friendly transformer magnetization ................................................................................ 54
6.2 Controls for grid droop operation ........................................................................................... 55
6.2.1 Background information ......................................................................................................... 55
6.2.2 U-f droop control .................................................................................................................... 59
6.2.3 Damping power oscillations ................................................................................................... 62
6.2.4 DC component controller ....................................................................................................... 63
6.3 Supplementary functions ....................................................................................................... 63
6.3.1 Grid voltage sensing using an additional VSM10 .................................................................. 63
6.3.2 Transformer model and identification .................................................................................... 64
6.4 Back-to-back operation of Active Line Modules..................................................................... 65
7 Commissioning ..................................................................................................................................... 67
7.1 Safety notices......................................................................................................................... 67
7.2 Preconditions ......................................................................................................................... 68
7.3 Basic commissioning ............................................................................................................. 69
7.3.1 Infeed units in the chassis format .......................................................................................... 69
7.3.2 Infeed units in the booksize format ........................................................................................ 69
7.4 Commissioning example for an infeed with voltage and frequency control for an island
grid. ........................................................................................................................................ 70
7.4.1 Design .................................................................................................................................... 70
7.4.2 General information ............................................................................................................... 71
7.4.3 Function modules for creating a line infeed in an island grid................................................. 72
7.4.4 Creating an additional VSM10 ............................................................................................... 72
7.4.5 Adapting the topology and the VSM10 assignments ............................................................. 73
7.4.6 Performing additional parameter settings in the expert list.................................................... 74
7.4.7 Signal interfaces..................................................................................................................... 83
7.5 Commissioning example of an infeed with dynamic grid support for a power grid................ 86
7.5.1 Design .................................................................................................................................... 86
7.5.2 General information ............................................................................................................... 88
7.5.3 Function modules for creating a line infeed in a power grid .................................................. 89
7.5.4 Creating an additional VSM10 ............................................................................................... 89
7.5.5 Adapting the topology and the VSM10 assignments ............................................................. 90
7.5.6 Performing additional parameter settings in the expert list.................................................... 90
7.5.7 Additional parameter settings for grid monitoring .................................................................. 96
7.5.8 Signal interfaces................................................................................................................... 100
7.6 Commissioning the grid transformer .................................................................................... 102
7.6.1 Commissioning grid-friendly transformer magnetization ..................................................... 102
7.6.2 Overview of important parameters....................................................................................... 108
7.6.3 Function block diagrams ...................................................................................................... 110

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System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A 9
7.7 Commissioning the grid droop control ..................................................................................111
7.7.1 Black start in an island grid...................................................................................................111
7.7.2 Synchronizing an island grid to an external power grid ........................................................114
7.7.3 Overview of important parameters........................................................................................120
7.7.4 Function block diagrams.......................................................................................................122
7.8 Commissioning of dynamic grid support...............................................................................123
7.8.1 Commissioning the anti-islanding function ...........................................................................123
7.8.2 Commissioning voltage-time monitoring...............................................................................123
7.8.3 Commissioning the frequency-time monitoring ....................................................................125
7.8.4 Commissioning additional monitoring functions ...................................................................127
7.8.5 Overview of important parameters........................................................................................128
7.8.6 Function block diagrams .......................................................................................................129
7.9 Commissioning cos phi display.............................................................................................130
7.10 Commissioning supplementary controls...............................................................................132
7.10.1 Commissioning active, reactive and apparent current limiting .............................................132
7.10.2 Active current limiting............................................................................................................133
7.10.3 Reactive and apparent current limiting .................................................................................133
7.10.4 Current limiting for dynamic grid support ..............................................................................134
7.10.5 Apparent current limiting for grid droop control ....................................................................136
7.10.6 Notes for Active Line Modules of the Booksize format .........................................................136
7.10.7 Overview of important parameters........................................................................................137
7.10.8 Function block diagrams.......................................................................................................137
7.11 Notes for commissioning systems for operation on grids with low short-circuit power
(fault level) and variable grid parameters .............................................................................138
8 Device overview.................................................................................................................................. 139
8.1 Control Units .........................................................................................................................139
8.2 Voltage Sensing Module VSM10 ..........................................................................................139
8.3 Active Interface Modules, air-cooled.....................................................................................139
8.3.1 Booksize format ....................................................................................................................139
8.3.2 Chassis format ......................................................................................................................140
8.4 Air-cooled Active Line Modules for the grid infeed, chassis format......................................142
8.4.1 Description ............................................................................................................................142
8.4.2 Safety information .................................................................................................................145
8.4.3 Interface description..............................................................................................................148
8.4.3.1 Overview ...............................................................................................................................148
8.4.3.2 Connection example .............................................................................................................150
8.4.3.3 Line/load connection .............................................................................................................151
8.4.3.4 X9 terminal strip ....................................................................................................................152
8.4.3.5 X41 EP terminal / temperature sensor connection ...............................................................152
8.4.3.6 X42 terminal strip ..................................................................................................................154
8.4.3.7 DRIVE-CLiQ interfaces X400, X401, X402 ..........................................................................154
8.4.3.8 Significance of the LEDs on the Control Interface Module in the Active Line Module .........155
8.4.4 Dimension drawing ...............................................................................................................156
8.4.5 Electrical connection .............................................................................................................158
8.4.6 Technical data.......................................................................................................................160
8.4.6.1 Permissible range for the step-up factor...............................................................................165
8.4.6.2 Derating factors.....................................................................................................................165

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10 System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A
8.5 Active Interface Modules, liquid-cooled ............................................................................... 166
8.5.1 Chassis format ..................................................................................................................... 166
8.6 Liquid-cooled Active Line Modules for the grid infeed, chassis format................................ 167
8.6.1 Description ........................................................................................................................... 167
8.6.2 Safety information ................................................................................................................ 169
8.6.3 Interface description............................................................................................................. 172
8.6.3.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 172
8.6.3.2 Connection example ............................................................................................................ 174
8.6.3.3 Line/load connection ............................................................................................................ 175
8.6.3.4 X9 terminal strip ................................................................................................................... 175
8.6.3.5 X41 EP terminal / temperature sensor connection .............................................................. 176
8.6.3.6 X42 terminal strip ................................................................................................................. 177
8.6.3.7 DRIVE-CLiQ interfaces X400, X401, X402.......................................................................... 178
8.6.3.8 Cooling circuit connections .................................................................................................. 178
8.6.3.9 Meaning of the LEDs on the Control Interface Module in the Active Line Module .............. 179
8.6.4 Dimension drawing .............................................................................................................. 180
8.6.5 Installation ............................................................................................................................ 183
8.6.6 Technical specifications ....................................................................................................... 186
8.6.6.1 Permissible range for the step-up factor .............................................................................. 189
8.6.6.2 Derating factors.................................................................................................................... 189
8.6.7 Coolant and protection against condensation...................................................................... 189
9 Function diagrams ...............................................................................................................................191
A Appendix .............................................................................................................................................193
A.1 Glossary ............................................................................................................................... 193
A.2 Cable lugs ............................................................................................................................ 194
Index ...................................................................................................................................................197

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System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A 11
Fundamental safety instructions
1
1.1
General safety instructions
DANGER
Danger to life due to live parts and other energy sources
Death or serious injury can result when live parts are touched.
•Only work on electrical devices when you are qualified for this job.
•Always observe the country-specific safety rules.
Generally, six steps apply when establishing safety:
1. Prepare for shutdown and notify all those who will be affected by the procedure.
2. Disconnect the machine from the supply.
–Switch off the machine.
–Wait until the discharge time specified on the warning labels has elapsed.
–Check that it really is in a no-voltage condition, from phase conductor to phase
conductor and phase conductor to protective conductor.
–Check whether the existing auxiliary supply circuits are de-energized.
–Ensure that the motors cannot move.
3. Identify all other hazardous energy sources, e.g. compressed air, hydraulic systems,
water.
4. Isolate or neutralize all hazardous energy sources, e.g. by closing switches, grounding
or short-circuiting or closing valves.
5. Secure the energy sources against switching on again.
6. Make sure that the machine is completely locked ... and that you have the right
machine.
After you have completed the work, restore the operational readiness in the inverse
sequence.
WARNING
Danger to life through a hazardous voltage when connecting an unsuitable power supply
Death or serious injury can result when live parts are touched in the event of a fault.
•Only use power supplies that provide SELV (Safety Extra Low Voltage) or PELV-
(Protective Extra Low Voltage) output voltages for all connections and terminals of the
electronics modules.

Fundamental safety instructions
1.1 General safety instructions
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12 System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A
WARNING
Danger to life when live parts are touched on damaged devices
Improper handling of devices can cause damage.
Hazardous voltages can be present at the housing or exposed components on damaged
devices.
•Ensure compliance with the limit values specified in the technical data during transport,
storage and operation.
•Do not use any damaged devices.
WARNING
Danger to life through electric shock due to unconnected cable shields
Hazardous touch voltages can occur through capacitive cross-coupling due to unconnected
cable shields.
•As a minimum, connect cable shields and the cores of power cables that are not used
(e.g. brake cores) at one end at the grounded housing potential.
WARNING
Danger to life due to electric shock when not grounded
For missing or incorrectly implemented protective conductor connection for devices with
protection class I, high voltages can be present at open, exposed parts, which when
touched, can result in death or severe injury.
•Ground the device in compliance with the applicable regulations.
WARNING
Danger to life due to electric shock when opening plug connections in operation
When opening plug connections in operation, arcs can result in severe injury or death.
•Only open plug connections when the equipment is in a no-voltage state, unless it has
been explicitly stated that they can be opened in operation.
WARNING
Danger to life due to fire spreading if housing is inadequate
Fire and smoke development can cause severe personal injury or material damage.
•Install devices without a protective housing in a metal control cabinet (or protect the
device by another equivalent measure) in such a way that contact with fire inside and
outside the device is prevented.
•Additionally, select the installation site so that an uncontrolled spreading of smoke can
be avoided in the case of a fire.
•Ensure that smoke can escape via designated paths.

Fundamental safety instructions
1.1 General safety instructions
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System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A 13
WARNING
Danger to life through unexpected movement of machines when using mobile wireless
devices or mobile phones
Using mobile wireless devices or mobile phones with a transmitter power > 1 W closer than
approx. 2 m to the components may cause the devices to malfunction and influence the
functional safety of machines, therefore putting people at risk or causing material damage.
•Switch the wireless devices or mobile phones off in the immediate vicinity of the
components.
WARNING
Danger to life due to the motor catching fire in the event of insulation overload
There is a greater load on the motor insulation through a ground fault in an IT system. A
possible result is the failure of the insulation with a risk for personnel through smoke
development and fire.
•Use a monitoring device that signals an insulation fault.
•Correct the fault as quickly as possible so the motor insulation is not overloaded.
WARNING
Danger to life due to fire if overheating occurs because of insufficient ventilation clearances
Inadequate ventilation clearances can cause overheating with a risk to personnel due to
smoke and fire. This can also result in increased downtime and reduced service lives for
devices / systems.
•Ensure compliance with the specified minimum clearance as ventilation clearance for
the respective component. They can be found in the dimension drawings or in the
"Product-specific safety instructions" at the start of the respective section.
WARNING
Danger of an accident occuring due to missing or illegible warning labels
Missing or illegible warning labels can result in death or serious injury.
•Check that the warning labels are complete based on the documentation.
•Attach any missing warning labels to the components, in the national language if
necessary.
•Replace illegible warning labels.
NOTICE
Device damage caused by incorrect voltage/insulation tests
Incorrect voltage/insulation tests can damage the device.
•Before carrying out a voltage/insulation test, disconnect the system/machine.
All converters and motors are subject to a high voltage test in the manufacturer's facility. As
a consequence, it is not necessary to carry out additional tasks in the system/machine.

Fundamental safety instructions
1.2 Safety instructions for electromagnetic fields (EMF)
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14 System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A
WARNING
Danger to life when safety functions are inactive
Safety functions that are inactive or that have not been adjusted accordingly can cause
operational faults on machines that could lead to serious injury or death.
•Observe the information in the appropriate product documentation before
commissioning.
•Carry out a safety inspection for functions relevant to safety on the entire system,
including all safety-related components.
•Ensure that the safety functions used in your drives and automation tasks are adjusted
and activated through appropriate parameterizing.
•Run a function test.
•Only put your plant into live operation once you have guaranteed that the functions
relevant to safety are running correctly.
Note
Important safety notices for safety functions
If you want to use safety functions, you must observe the safety notices in the safety
manuals.
1.2
Safety instructions for electromagnetic fields (EMF)
WARNING
Danger to life from electromagnetic fields
Electromagnetic fields (EMF) are generated by the operation of electrical power equipment
such as transformers, converters or motors.
People with pacemakers or implants are at a special risk in the immediate vicinity of these
devices/systems.
•If affected by this, keep a distance of at least 2 m.

Fundamental safety instructions
1.3 Handling electrostatic sensitive devices (ESD)
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System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A 15
1.3
Handling electrostatic sensitive devices (ESD)
Electrostatic sensitive devices (ESD) are individual components, integrated circuits, modules
or devices that may be damaged by either electric fields or electrostatic discharge.
NOTICE
Damage through electric fields or electrostatic discharge
Electric fields or electrostatic discharge can cause malfunctions through damaged
individual components, integrated circuits, modules or devices.
•Only pack, store, transport and send electronic components, modules or devices in their
original packaging or in other suitable materials, e.g conductive foam rubber of
aluminum foil.
•Only touch components, modules and devices when you are grounded by one of the
following methods:
–Wearing an ESD wrist strap
–Wearing ESD shoes or ESD grounding straps in ESD areas with conductive flooring
•Only place electronic components, modules or devices on conductive surfaces (table
with ESD surface, conductive ESD foam, ESD packaging, ESD transport container).

Fundamental safety instructions
1.4 Industrial security
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16 System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A
1.4
Industrial security
Note
Industrial security
Siemens provides automation and drive products with industrial security functions that
support the secure operation of plants or machines. They are an important component in a
holistic industrial security concept. With this in mind, our products undergo c
ontinuous
development. We therefore recommend that you keep yourself informed with the latest
information and updates of our product.
Information and newsletters can be found at:
http://support.automation.siemens.com
To ensure the secure operation of a p
lant or machine, it is also necessary to take suitable
preventive action (e.g. cell protection concept) and to integrate the automation and drive
components into a state
-of-the-art holistic industrial security concept for the entire plant or
machine. Any t
hird-party products used must also be taken into account.
For more detailed information, go to:
http://www.siemens.com/industrialsecurity
WARNING
Danger as a result of unsafe operating states resulting from software manipulation
Software manipulation (e.g. by viruses, Trojan horses, malware, worms) can cause unsafe
operating states to develop in your installation which can lead to death, severe injuries
and/or material damage.
•Keep the software up to date.
Information and newsletters can be found at:
http://support.automation.siemens.com
•Incorporate the automation and drive components into a state-of-the-art, integrated
industrial security concept for the installation or machine.
For more detailed information, go to:
http://www.siemens.com/industrialsecurity
•Make sure that you include all installed products into the integrated industrial security
concept.

Fundamental safety instructions
1.5 Residual risks of power drive systems
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System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A 17
1.5
Residual risks of power drive systems
The control and drive components of a drive system are approved for industrial and
commercial use in industrial line supplies. Their use in public line supplies requires a
different configuration and/or additional measures.
These components may only be operated in closed housings or in higher-level control
cabinets with protective covers that are closed, and when all of the protective devices are
used.
These components may only be handled by qualified and trained technical personnel who
are knowledgeable and observe all of the safety instructions on the components and in the
associated technical user documentation.
When assessing the machine's risk in accordance with the respective local regulations (e.g.,
EC Machinery Directive), the machine manufacturer must take into account the following
residual risks emanating from the control and drive components of a drive system:
1. Unintentional movements of driven machine components during commissioning,
operation, maintenance, and repairs caused by, for example:
–Hardware defects and/or software errors in the sensors, controllers, actuators, and
connection technology
–Response times of the controller and drive
–Operating and/or ambient conditions outside of the specification
–Condensation / conductive contamination
–Parameterization, programming, cabling, and installation errors
–Use of radio devices / cellular phones in the immediate vicinity of the controller
–External influences / damage
2. In the event of a fault, exceptionally high temperatures, including an open fire, as well as
emissions of light, noise, particles, gases, etc. can occur inside and outside the inverter,
e.g.:
–Component malfunctions
–Software errors
–Operating and/or ambient conditions outside of the specification
–External influences / damage
Inverters of the Open Type / IP20 degree of protection must be installed in a metal control
cabinet (or protected by another equivalent measure) such that the contact with fire inside
and outside the inverter is not possible.

Fundamental safety instructions
1.5 Residual risks of power drive systems
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18 System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A
3. Hazardous shock voltages caused by, for example:
–Component malfunctions
–Influence of electrostatic charging
–Induction of voltages in moving motors
–Operating and/or ambient conditions outside of the specification
–Condensation / conductive contamination
–External influences / damage
4. Electrical, magnetic and electromagnetic fields generated in operation that can pose a
risk to people with a pacemaker, implants or metal replacement joints, etc. if they are too
close.
5. Release of environmental pollutants or emissions as a result of improper operation of the
system and/or failure to dispose of components safely and correctly.
Note
The components must be protected against conductive contamination (e.g. by installing them
in a control c
abinet with degree of protection IP54 according to IEC 60529 or NEMA 12).
Assuming that conductive contamination at the installation site can definitely be excluded, a
lower degree of cabinet protection may be permitted.
For more information about residual risks of the components in a drive system, see the
relevant sections in the technical user documentation.

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System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A 19
General information
2
To assess the inverter system required, the following distinction can be made between the
types of power generation:
●Power generation with rotating machines
●Power generation without rotating machines
In particular, the amount of power generated depends largely on fluctuating ambient
conditions, such as wind speed or exposure to sunlight. For energy storage applications, an
additional dependency is the charge state of the storage source. When a generator is
directly operated on the grid, the amplitude and frequency of the generated voltage vary
accordingly, and decoupling of the producer and consumer grid is required. This task is
handled using state-of-the-art power electronics.
Both in power technologies based on fossil fuels, or nuclear energy as well as regenerative
energies with solar thermal, wind, water or biomass, generators are normally used to convert
the kinetic energy into electrical energy and supply it to the consumers via power grids.
①
Power generation
②
Conversion into electrical energy
③
Conversion into DC voltage
④
DC link
⑤
Conversion into AC voltage with output filter
⑥
Transformer to connect to the grid
⑦
Power grid
Figure 2-1 Energy flow for power generation with rotating machines

General information
Grid infeed
20 System Manual, 04/2015, A5E03347436A
For power sources such as batteries, fuel cells or photovoltaic, for example, the electrical
energy is converted using chemical processes or semiconductors. As a rule, the resulting
DC voltage must be converted to a 3-phase AC voltage for distribution in the power grid.
①
Power generation
④
DC link
⑤
Conversion into AC voltage with output filter
⑥
Transformer to connect to the grid
⑦
Power grid
Figure 2-2 Energy flow for power generation without rotating machines