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Still Spirits TURBO 500 User manual

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2

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1
Instruction
MANUAL
The Turbo 500 Distillation System is designed to produce
the purest spirit with the highest yield from your wash.
When used with the instructions in this manual, the
Turbo 500 will produce a beautiful clean spirit of up to
93% ABV and extract 95% of the alcohol in your wash.
This extremely pure, neutral spirit is the perfect base
for all spirits and liqueurs but is essential for the
delicate spirits like gin, white rum and vodka.
MAKES UP TO  L ( US GAL)OF % ABV FROM A
 L ( US GAL)WASH USING  KG ( LB)SUGAR AND
 SACHET TURBO YEAST.
Instructions suitable for use with stainless steel and
copper reflux condensers.
Distillation
System
2
Introduction
The ultimate still for home distilling, the Turbo 500 is a must for anyone
who wants to produce large quantities of extremely clean, pure alcohol.
To complete a Turbo 500 Distillation System you will need both a
Turbo 500 Condenser and a Turbo 500 Boiler.
To obtain the best performance from the Turbo 500 Distillation System and
to operate it safely, it is important to read these instructions carefully and
save them for future reference.
CONTENTS
Sign up to the Still Spirits newsletter
via the website so that we can provide
you with information and updates.
Distillation
System
Safety P.3
Step 1 - Days 1-6: Making the wash P.4
Step 2 - Day 7: Preparing the Turbo 500 Distillation System P.5-6
Step 3 - Day 7: Distilling the wash P.7
Step 4 - Day 7: Diluting and filtering P.8
Step 5 - Day 8: Flavouring P.8
WATER DISTILLATION P.9
Trouble shooting guide P.10-11
Supplementary information and FAQs P.12-14
Glossary P.15
3
WARNING:

PRECAUTION:
• Always operate the Turbo 500 Distillation System in a room with adequate ventilation.
 
• Never leave the Turbo 500 Distillation System unattended when operating.
• Keep the Turbo 500 Distillation System away from all sources of ignition, including
 
• Ensure all other equipment near the Turbo 500 Distillation System or the alcohol is earthed.
 
spray, foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide, sand or dolomite.
• Do not boil dry. In the event the still is boiled dry, reset the cut-out button under the base of the still.
In the very unlikely event the electric cut-out fails, a fusible link gives an added protection. This
  
by the user and the boiler will need professional attention.
• Do not distil any liquid above 40% ABV as this could cause a vacuum.
IN CASE OF SPILLAGE:
 
• Clean up spills immediately using cloth, paper towels or other absorbent material such as soil, sand or
other inert material.
• Collect, seal and dispose accordingly.
• Mop area with excess water.
PLEASE READ ALL OF THESE INSTRUCTIONS
CAREFULLY BEFORE USING YOUR STILL
SAFETY
4
3 [FERMENT] DAY 1
 

• Leave to ferment at 18-30°C (64-86°F), or as per
recommended on the yeast sachet, for about 1 week

Note: The fermentation process gives o
smells, which may be unpleasant sometimes.
It will dissipate and won’t aect the quality
of your alcohol.
4 [CHECK THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY (SG)]
(DAY 6)
 
The SG reading is the number on the scale where
the liquid cuts the glass. A fully fermented wash will
have an SG reading of approx. 0.990 or lower.
• The SG measurement will let you know when the
sugars have been converted into alcohol and your
wash is ready to be cleared.
• Fermentation is complete when SG has been stable
at 0.990 for 2 consecutive days.
5 [CLEAR YOUR WASH] DAY 6
• Once fermentation is complete, stir the wash
vigorously to release all of the gas. Once fully
degassed, add Part A of the Turbo Clear. Stir well and
leave for 1 hour.
• 1 hour later, evenly and very gently, stir Part B
into the top 50 mm (2 in) of the wash, do not
stir vigorously or the clearing process will not be
successful.
• Leave for 24 hours until all sediment is at the
bottom of the fermenter.
Once cleared, your wash is ready to be distilled,
using the Turbo 500 Distillation System.
The rst step in making a high quality
spirit is to produce a good, clean wash. It is
recommended that you always use the Still
Spirits Turbo Yeast, Sugar and Carbon range
with the Turbo 500 for best results from your
still. Regardless of the size of your boiler, we
recommend always making up to 20-25 L
(5-6 US Gal) wash at one time using Still
Spirits Production Packs or by purchasing
these products separately. If you do not distil
the full amount of wash at one time, this can
be saved to be distilled at a later date.
In this step you will need:
• Fully assembled 30 L (8 US Gal) fermenting vessel
(refer to the instructions which came with the
fermenter for assembly information).
• Cold Water Cleaner Detergent and No Rinse Sanitiser
(or an alternative cleaning and sanitising product).
• Mixing spoon.
• Wash ingredients (water, sugar, carbon, yeast,
clearing agent).
• Hydrometer.
1 [CLEAN AND SANITISE YOUR EQUIPMENT]
DAY 1
• Clean and sanitise your 30 L (8 US Gal) fermenter.
• While cleaning and sanitising, check for any leaks
around the tap seal of the fermenter.
2 [ADD INGREDIENTS] DAY 1
• Once fermenter and equipment are sanitised, shake

• Put sanitised spoon on top of the sanitised lid (lid
inner facing upwards to keep sanitised).
• Refer to the instructions on the yeast sachet for the
quantity and temperature of water, as well as the
quantity and type of sugar recommended.
Note: If sugars are not fully dissolved, the
fermentation will be partial and you will get
less alcohol.
STEP 1 / DAYS 1-6
MAKING THE WASH
5
STEP 2 / DAY 7
PREPARE THE TURBO 500
DISTILLATION SYSTEM
Your wash will be distilled through the
Turbo 500 Distillation System. It comes in
two parts: the Turbo 500 Boiler and the
Turbo 500 Condenser.
It is best to set up the Turbo 500 Distillation
System in the place where it can stay for
5 hours (approx. time for one distillation
using the 30 L (8 US Gal) boiler (less if using
a smaller boiler)).
The Turbo 500 Distillation System will
need to be run on a level bench or table, in
a place which has electricity, a sink, a tap
and adequate ventilation (ie the kitchen or
laundry), but not outside as drafts aect
distillation eciency dramatically.
The Turbo 500 Condenser box comes with
the following components:
• Stainless steel distilling column prepacked with
copper and stainless steel saddles.
• Digital thermometer with LR44 battery and
mounting bracket.
• 
p.14 for more details on tap connector.
• Cooling water tubes (1 thin, 1 thick).
• Alcohol tube (white).
• Ceramic boil enhancers.
1 [TRANSFER YOUR CLEARED WASH INTO
THE TURBO 500 BOILER]
 
tap over the sink, to avoid handling the hot boiler
when emptying contents later on. Do not point the
tap to the front to avoid boiling liquid pouring out
on you or a passer by if it gets knocked and breaks.
• Using a syphon or 5 L (1 .3 US Gal) jug, transfer the
cleared wash from the fermenter into the boiler.
You can also place the boiler below the tap on the
fermenter and pour it in that way, but keep in
mind you will need to lift the full boiler back up to
the bench afterwards. Be careful to leave as much
yond
the maximum level line on the 30 L (8 US Gal)
Turbo 500 Boiler.
2 [ADD CERAMIC BOIL ENHANCERS AND
DISTILLING CONDITIONER]
• Add all of the ceramic boil enhancers into
the Turbo 500 Boiler and the wash.
• Optional: Add 3 capfuls of distilling conditioner
(sold separately) to the cleared wash in the
Turbo 500 30 L (8 US Gal) Boiler if you suspect
excessive foaming.
• Place the lid back on. Do not clip on yet as you will

serving suggestion
6
3. [ASSEMBLE THE TURBO 500 CONDENSER]

thin tube.
• Connect the long, thick, clear tube to the block
outlet C
• Connect the short thin, clear tube to make the top
loop connection E.
• Connect the thin clear tube on the water inlet B 

adaptor) into the condenser.
• Connect the white tube on the spirit outlet D.

collecting jug.
4. [ADD THE THERMOMETER]
• Place the battery in the thermometer.
• A switch on the back allows you to turn the
 
to set the thermometer to Celsius or Fahrenheit.
• Mount the thermometer in the mounting bracket
provided. Clip the panel onto the condenser near
the bottom.
• Fit the stainless steel sensor probe into the hole A.
• Use a wire tie to tidy up any loose wiring.
5. [BOILER]
Fit the Turbo 500 Condenser onto the Turbo 500 Boiler.
• Check the Turbo 500 Condenser is full of saddles
inside. If the column is empty, you will need to
 
steel saddles packed in the column, then follow the
next step.
Note: You may have a handful of saddles
left, which cannot t in the condenser, this
is normal.
• Holding the condenser upside down, unscrew the
nut at the base of the condenser; leave the black
O ring in the base of the column.
• Place the Turbo 500 Boiler lid over the column and
 
so that the lid doesn’t spin anymore.
• Place the lid and condenser on the Turbo 500 Boiler,
in position where you can see the thermometer.
• Secure lid onto the Turbo 500 Boiler base with
the clips.
IMPORTANT: Ensure the Turbo 500
Condenser is standing straight, or it will
not operate properly during distillation.
Water outlet temperature sensor
Cooling water inlet
Water outlet
Spirit outlet
Top loop connections
cold
water
in
warm
water
out
spirit
YOU ARE NOW READY FOR DISTILLATION
C
A
A
B
C
D
E
B
D
water
E
7
• Once the wash starts boiling, make sure the
temperature reading is above 50°C (122°F) (otherwise
you won’t collect any alcohol) and below 65°C
(149°F). If the temperature is below 50°C (122°F),


If the temperature is above 65°C (149°F), open the


times throughout the run to maintain the outlet
water temperature within 50-65°C (122-149°F). You
can use the Still Spirits Water Flow Regulator to help

importance of controlling the water outlet see p.13.
4. [COLLECT YOUR SPIRIT]
• Once the wash starts boiling, the spirit will come out
of the white tube into your collecting jug.
• Make sure the white tube is never submerged into
the distillate, otherwise the boiler may implode.
You should see the drops of distillate falling into
your vessel.
 
cup) of alcohol.
IMPORTANT!
The rst 50 ml (1.7 US  oz) that comes out
of the still contains lighter molecules, such
as acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate and methyl
propanol, which have strong and unpleasant
smell, often described as ‘hospital smell’ or
‘nail polish’. They should not be consumed.
5. [FINISH THE DISTILLATION]
Approx. 5 hours after the boiler has been turned on, you
should have collected approx. 3.5 L (1 US Gal) of 90-93%
ABV spirit. You will also notice the distillate is slower
to come out (1 drop every 5 to 10 seconds), that means
all the alcohol has been distilled and the boiler can be

 
 
• The depleted wash left in the Turbo 500 Boiler
will be dangerously hot. Allow it to cool to a safe
temperature before emptying it through the tap,
into the sink or onto the garden (it makes a
great fertiliser).
• Remove the Turbo 500 Condenser and Boiler lid
assembly, and rinse the boiler of all wash and debris,
being careful to retain the ceramic boil enhancers
for the next distillation run.
• Run water through the condenser to rinse the
saddles every 5 to 10 distillations. Replace saddles
if the distillate starts to taste earthy.
Distilling takes about 5 hours from start
to nish. Please ensure you can give your
full attention to operating the Turbo 500
Distillation System for this time period.
The Turbo 500 Distillation System becomes
very hot during operation, extreme care needs
to be taken and children should be kept well
clear during and after distilling. The process
produces a highly ammable liquid, keep all
sources of ignition away from the still.
To run the Turbo 500 Distillation System,
you will need to have:
• 5 L (1.3 US Gal) jug or vessel to collect alcohol.
• Cooling water supply and sink.
 
1. [CONNECT THE CONDENSER TO
WATER SUPPLY]
 


 
 
• Place the long thick tube into the sink or drain.
• Place the white alcohol outlet tube into the
collection jug or vessel. Position the tube so that
it cannot become submerged under the distillate,
otherwise the boiler may implode.
2. [START THE BOIL]
• Connect the Turbo 500 Boiler to the power supply.
• A 23 L (6 US Gal) wash will take just over 1 hour to
heat to boiling temperature.
3. [ADJUST THE WATER FLOW]
• About 45 minutes after the 30 L (8 US Gal) Turbo
500 Boiler has been turned on and before the wash
begins to boil, open the water supply.
 





USA users – NOTE : If you are in the USA,
your boiler has a lower power due to the
110V system used. As a result, the cooling
water ow should be approx 3.5 US  oz/
minute and look like a trickle.
STEP 3 / DAY 7
DISTIL THE WASH
8
3. [FILTER YOUR SPIRIT]
Filter your diluted spirit through activated carbon,
as per the instructions of use that come with

NOTE: Check the strength again with the
Alcometer after ltering and adjust ABV
by adding more water according to your
needs.
The spirit you have produced will lie
somewhere between 90 and 93% ABV.
It has to be watered down to 50% ABV
before ltering, regardless of the type of
carbon lter used. Refer to p.15 for more
information about activated carbon.
You will need:
• Alcometer (we recommend using the Still Spirits
0-100% ABV Alcometer).
NOTE: It is calibrated to take measurements
at 20°C (68°F). If your alcohol is warmer or
cooler than 20°C (68°F) use the temperature
correction tables.
• Trial jar (this is the casing that holds the Still Spirits
alcoholmeter), or a measuring cylinder.
• Clean and drinkable water.
 

WARNING: You are handling highly
ammable alcohol; keep away from all
ignition sources (spark, ame).
1. [MEASURE YOUR DISTILLATE % ABV WITH
THE ALCOMETER]
• Pour some of your distillate in the trial jar (approx.

• Float the alcoholmeter in the distillate. The % ABV
is the number on the scale where the liquid cuts
the glass. It should read between 90 and 93% ABV.
Check the temperature and adjust if needed.
2. [WATER DOWN YOUR DISTILLATE]
• Place the distillate in a container that can hold 5 L
(1.3 US Gal) at least.
• For each litre (US qt) of distillate at 90-93% ABV, add

mix thoroughly (if you have collected 3.5 L (1 US Gal)
of distillate, you will need to add 2.9 L (1 US qt) of



• Measure your diluted spirit % ABV again, it should
read approx 50% ABV. If it is slightly higher, add a

and recheck % ABV. If it is lower, do not add more

Note: Adding water will increase the
temperature, adjust accordingly.
STEP 4 / DAY 7
DILUTE AND FILTER
Once you have your diluted, ltered alcohol
at 40% ABV, it is time to avour it. Still Spirits
has a large range of avourings you can use.
Refer to the individual instructions on each
avouring for specic directions of use.
STEP 5 / DAY 8
FLAVOURING YOUR SPIRIT
serving suggestion
9
STEP 1 ASSEMBLY
• Remove all saddles from your column and rinse it
thoroughly.
• Connect the short thin tube to the condenser outlet E.
• Connect the long thick tube over the short thin tube.

• Connect the long thin tube onto the water inlet B.
• Connect the white tube on the outlet D. The distilled

• You don’t need a thermometer for water distillation.
STEP 2 WATER DISTILLATION
Distilling 20 L (5 US Gal) of water will take about 8-10

will produce approximately 18 L (4.8 US Gal) of distilled
water.
You will need to have:
• Clock or timer.
• Large vessel to collect distilled water (as large as the
quantity of water initially placed in the boiler).
• Cooling water supply.
1. Plac
waste can discharge into a drain or sink. Add water to

on the boiler.
2. Place the column and boiler lid assembly onto the
boiler base. Fasten the four clips that hold the lid
onto the boiler. Check the sealing gasket is sitting

3. Connect the power to the boiler. The water will take
about 80 minutes to heat to boiling temperature.
4. Before the water begins to boil, turn on the cooling
water just enough so that the distillate doesn’t come

5. After you have collected 18 L (4.8 US Gal) of water,
(if distilling 20 L (5 US Gal)), turn the boiler power

the cooling water supply. Be careful when discarding
remaining water left in boiler as this will be hot.
 

aromas from previous washes are removed. Refer to

WATER DISTILLATION
E
B
D
serving suggestion
10
WHAT IS THE PROBLEM? WHY IS IT HAPPENING? HOW TO FIX IT?

irregularly.
• Wash is surge boiling caused by hot spot
on base of integrated boiler.
• Spirit outlet pipe is higher than outlet
creating an airlock or is submerged in
distillate causing alternating pressure
and vacuum.
• Add ceramic boil enhancers. In extreme
cases try adding 1–2 stainless steel pot
scrubbers.
• Make sure the outlet pipe allows the

condenser outlet.
Trim outlet pipe so that it cannot
be below the level of the collected
distillate.
No alcohol is coming out. • This may be due to the cooling water

• This may be due to an incorrect position
of the tubes.
• There may be a blockage at the end of
your alcohol outlet tubing.
• Ensure the cooling water outlet
temperature is between 50-65°C
(122-149°F) during distillation.
• Check the tubes are in the correct
position (refer to Step 2 and 3).
• Remove the plug at the end of your
alcohol outlet tubing.
The spirit is coming out

• Wash is foaming while boiling and
carrying fermentation residues up the
column.
• Unfermented sugar in your wash can
cause foaming which eventually made its
way up into the condenser causing the

undesirable, cloudy spirit.
• Always ensure your wash is completely
fermented (refer to Step 1 on
fermentation).
• 
of boiler if using the 30 L (8 US Gal)
boiler. The 4.9 L (1.3 US Gal) boiler has

8 L (2.1 US Gal).
• Add 3 capfuls of Still Spirits Distilling
Conditioner to the wash. This stops
excessive foaming in the boiler.
• Add ceramic boil enhancers in your
boiler. Re distil the bad spirit.
Spirit has a strong
unpleasant smell,
described as ‘paint
thinner’, ‘hospital’, ‘burnt’,
‘nail polish’.
• Distillate coming out of the Turbo 500
is at approx 93% ABV and has a strong
ethanol smell.
• 
has a stronger smell (nail polish type),
because it contains most acetaldehydes
and esters. This should be discarded.
• The rest of the distillate smells like
ethanol.
• 
with activated carbon. It will trap most

spirit (refer to activated carbon in the
glossary).
Spirit has a blue tint. • This is caused by unbalanced or excessive
nutrients added in the fermentation
vessel. Nutrients are essential for
the yeast to ferment sugars; they are
precisely dosed and included in every Still
Spirits Turbo Yeast sachet.
• Use only 1 sachet of Still Spirits Turbo
Yeast per 25 L (6.6 US Gal) of wash.
• Follow recommended recipes for each
type of Turbo Yeast.
The yield is low. • The wash has not fermented out
properly so the amount of alcohol
available is reduced. This could be due
to several factors:
• The sugars were not fully dissolved.
• The fermentation temperature is too low
or too high.
• Steam and vapour pressure is leaking
from lid seal.
• 

• Check lid gasket is sitting evenly inside
lid before clipping onto the base.
TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDE