FrontLine ST18AV User manual

Instruction Manual
BEAM ANCHOR
ST18AV
Meets or exceeds
applicable standards
Rev. Mar 2023
USER MANUAL

Instruction Manual
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Frontline Fall Protection Inc.
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
This product meets applicable ANSI Z359.18, OSHA 1910
and OSHA 1926 fall protection standards.
ANSI Z359.18 Type A
These instructions apply to the following model(s):
ST18AV
Applicable standards and regulations depend on the type of work
being done, and also might include state-specific regulations. Refer
to local, state, and federal (OSHA) requirements for additional
information concerning the governing body of occupational safety
regarding Personal Fall Arrest Systems (PFAS).
You are required to read and fully understand the user instruction
manual BEFORE using this product. Improper use and installation can
result in serious injury or death. User manuals occasionally may be
updated so for the latest user manual please visit
www.frontlinefall.com/uim.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Definitions __________________________________________________________ 4
General Statement and Warnings ___________________________________ 8
Training Requirements ______________________________________________ 9
Description _________________________________________________________ 10
Application _________________________________________________________ 10
System Requirements _____________________________________________ 12
Installation _________________________________________________________ 18
Maintenance, Service, and Storage _________________________________ 21

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DEFINITIONS
Anchorage
A secure point of attachment for lifelines, lanyards, or deceleration devices.
Attachment Point
A loop or “D” ring connected (integrally) to the body support that provides a
means for attachment of other components of the fall protection system.
Body Harness
Means straps, which may be secured about the worker in a manner that will
distribute the fall arrest forces over at least the thighs, pelvis, waist, chest and
shoulders with means for attaching it to other components of a personal fall
arrest system.
Carabiner
A link with a gate that is normally closed or that automatically closes, and is
used to connect components of a personal fall protection system.
Competent Person
Is defined as “one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards
in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or
dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective
measures to eliminate them” [29 CFR 1926.32(f)]. By way of training and/or
experience, a competent person is knowledgeable of applicable standards, is
capable of identifying workplace hazards relating to the specific operation and
has the authority to correct them.
Connector
A device which is used to couple (connect) parts of the personal fall arrest
system and positioning device systems. It may be an independent component of
the system, such as a carabiner, or it may be an integral component of part of the
system (such as a buckle or D-ring sewn into a body belt or body harness, or a
snap-hook spliced or sewn to a lanyard or self-retracting lanyard).
D Ring
A form of attachment point on body belts and fully body harnesses meant for
attachment of other components of a fall protection and positioning system.
Deceleration Device
Means any mechanism that serves to dissipate energy during a fall.
Deceleration Distance
The vertical distance a falling employee travels from the point at which the
deceleration device begins to operate, excluding lifeline elongation and free fall
distance, until stopping. It is measured as the distance between the location of
an employee’s body harness attachment point at the moment of activation (at
the onset of fall arrest forces) of the deceleration device during a fall, and the

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location of that attachment point after the employee comes to a full stop.
Fall Arrest System
A fall arrest system means a system used to arrest an employee in a fall from
a working level. It consists of an anchor point, connectors, a body belt or body
harness and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable com-
binations of these.
Fall Prevention System
Those systems and techniques that eliminate the possibility of a fall.
Fall Protection System
Any of the following when used to protect a worker from a fall or minimize the
risk from falling: Guardrails, Safety belt or a full body harness with a lanyard
and/or lifeline and an anchor, and their related equipment, Safety net, Control
zone, Safety monitor with a control zone, and other acceptable procedures.
Fall Restraint System
A work positioning system to prevent a worker from falling from a work position,
or a travel restriction system such as guardrails or a personal fall protection
system to prevent a worker from traveling to an edge from which the worker
could fall.
Free Fall
The act of falling before the personal fall arrest system begins to apply force to
arrest the fall.
Free Fall Distance
Vertical displacement of the fall arrest attachment point on the employee’s body
belt or body harness between onset of the fall and just before the system begins
to apply force to arrest the fall. This distance excludes deceleration distance,
lifeline and lanyard elongation, but includes any deceleration device slide dis-
tance or self-retracting lifeline/lanyard extension before the devices operate
and fall arrest forces occur.
Full Body Harness
A body support device consisting of connected straps designed to distribute a
fall arresting force over at least the thigh, shoulders and pelvis, with provision
for attaching a lanyard, lifeline or other components.
Lanyard
A flexible line of webbing, synthetic rope or wire rope that is used to secure a
safety belt or full body harness to a lifeline or anchor.
Horizontal Lifeline System
A system composed of a synthetic or wire rope installed horizontally between
two anchors, to which a worker attaches a personal fall protection system.

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Leading Edge
The edge of a floor, roof, or formwork for a floor or other walking or working
surface (such as the deck) which changes location as additional floor, roof,
decking, or formwork sections are placed, formed, or constructed. A leading
edge is considered to be an “unprotected side and edge” during periods when it
is not actively and continuously under construction.
Lifeline
A synthetic or wire rope, rigged from one or more anchors, to which a worker’s
lanyard or other part of a personal fall protection system is attached.
Low-Slope Roof
A roof having a slope less than or equal to 4 in 12 (vertical to horizontal).
Lower Levels
Those areas or surfaces to which a worker can fall. Such areas or surfaces
include, but are not limited to, ground levels, floors, platforms, ramps, runways,
excavations, pits, tanks, material, water, equipment, structures, or portions
thereof.
Passive Fall Prevention
Refers to a system that is non-dynamic, stationary, and does not move, adapt, or
change when in or out of use. Passive systems don’t require the use of personal
protective equipment or active participation from the worker. Typically, passive
systems include netting, handrails, and guardrails.
Personal Fall Arrest System
A system used to arrest an employee in a fall from a working level. It consists
of an anchorage, connectors, a body belt or body harness and may include a
lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline or suitable combinations of these. As of
January 1, 1998, the use of a body belt for fall arrest is prohibited.
Positioning System (work-positioning system)
A system of equipment and connectors that, when used with a body harness or
body belt, allows an employee to be supported on an elevated vertical surface,
such as a wall or window sill, and work with both hands free. Positioning systems
also are called “positioning system devices” and “work-positioning equipment”.
Qualified
A person who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional
standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training, and experience has
successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to
the subject matter, the work, or the project.
Rope Grab
A deceleration device which travels on a lifeline and automatically, by friction,
engages the lifeline and locks so as to arrest the fall of an employee. A rope
grab usually employs the principle of inertial locking, cam/level locking or both

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(also referred to as a fall arrester).
Self-Retracting Lifeline/Lanyard
A deceleration device containing a drum-wound line, which can be slowly
extracted from, or retracted onto, the drum under slight tension during normal
worker movement, and which, after onset of a fall, automatically locks the drum
and arrests the fall.
Shock Absorber
A device intended to limit the deceleration forces exerted on a worker during
fall arrest.
Snap Hooks
A connector consists of a hook-shaped member with a normally closed keeper,
or similar arrangement, which may be opened to permit the hook to receive an
object and, when released, automatically closes to retain the object.
Unprotected Sides and Edges
Any side or edge (except at entrances to points of access) of a walking or
working surface (for example, floor, roof, ramp, or runway) where there is no
wall or guardrail system at least 39 inches high.
Walking/Working Surface
Any surface (whether horizontal or vertical) on which a worker walks or works,
including but not limited to floors, roofs, ramps, bridges, runways, formwork
and concrete reinforcing steel; but not including ladders, vehicles, or trailers, on
which workers must be located in order to perform their job duties.
Warning Line System
A barrier erected on a roof to warn workers that they are approaching an
unprotected roof side or edge, and which designates an area in which roofing
work may take place without the use of guardrail, body harness, or safety net
systems to protect workers in the area.
Working load
Refers to aggregate simultaneous load of personnel, equipment, and/or material
to be supported by the equipment or system.

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This Anchorage Connector is meant to be used ONLY by trained personnel in
fall protection. This anchorage connected is ONLY intended for use as part of a
complete personal fall protection system. This anchorage connector has been
designed to meet or exceed ANSI Z359.18, OSHA 1926 and OSHA 1910.
User MUST read, understand, and follow all safety information contained in
these instructions prior to the use of this Anchorage Connector. Use in any
other applications including, but not limited to, material handling, recreational or
sports related activities, or other activities not described in the User Instructions
is not approved by Frontline Fall Protection and could result in serious injury or
death. This device is only to be used by trained users in workplace applications.
These instructions must be provided to the user of this equipment. Retain these
instructions for future reference or you can find a copy of them at
www.frontlinefall.com. For more information regarding any portion of this user
instructions manual please contact us at [e-mail].
• Do not use this equipment until proper training, fall protection and rescue
programs are in place.
• Do not use this equipment in combination with other components or
subsystems other than those described in this manual.
• Do not use this is equipment for other uses other than its original and
designed intended use.
• Do not use product that has been impacted to a fall, that does not pass
inspection or that the safety and integrity of it is questionable.
• Consult a doctor prior using this equipment to ensure user is in physical
conditions to use this equipment and if physical fit in the event there’s a fall.
• Pregnant women or minors must not be exposed to a workplace hazard and
must not use this equipment.
• Avoid sharp and/or abrasive surfaces and edges as this will compromise the
safety of the Personal Fall Arrest System.
• All user must refer to local, state or federals safety and health regulations
before using this equipment. Whichever is most stringent shall supersede and
apply.
• Avoid moving machinery, thermal, electrical, and/or chemical hazards as
contact may cause serious injury or death.
• Avoid swing falls at all times when using Personal Fall Arrest Systems.
• Follow the weight restrictions/limitations in this manual.
GENERAL STATEMENT AND WARNINGS

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Before using Frontline Fall Protection product, user and employers must
ensure that the person using this equipment has been trained on the proper
use, care and maintenance of this product by a competent person qualified in
Fall Protection. It is the responsibility of the user of this product to ensure that
proper training has been done in addition to reading and fully understanding
these user instructions manual.
Additionally, the employer should establish a training program to employees that
are exposed to a fall hazard and trained by a competent person qualified in those
areas. The program shall enable each employee to recognize the hazards of
falling and shall train each employee in the procedures to be followed in order
to minimize these hazards.
Retraining is necessary when the employer has reason to believe that any
affected employee who has already been trained does not have the understanding
and skill to carry out those duties. Circumstances where retraining is required
include, but are not limited to, situations where:
• Changes in the workplace render previous training obsolete.
• Changes in the types of fall protection systems or equipment to be used
render previous training obsolete.
• Inadequacies in an affected employee’s knowledge or use of fall protection
systems or equipment indicate that the employee has not retained the
requisite understanding or skill.
• Changes in the OSHA regulations or ANSI Standard.
Training must be done in the language that the employee understands and shall,
• Never alter or intentionally misuse this equipment, always inspect before
each use to ensure its compliance and safe use.
• Never connect rebar hooks, large carabiners, large snaphooks or non-
approved hooks/connectors to the full body harnesses dorsal D-rings as this
may cause a roll-out and/or unintentional disengagement.
• Avoid contact with arc flash welding at all times. Arc flash from arc welding
operations, including accidental arcs from electrical equipment, can damage
the PFAS equipment resulting in injury or death.
• Always examine the work area and the surroundings to identify hazards that
may impact safety and proper functioning of the Personal Fall Arrest System
before commencing work.
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

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be documented and kept as outlined under OSHA recordkeeping regulations.
No user or employee shall perform work without the proper training and
understanding on how to properly and safely use this product.
The Frontline Vertical/Horizontal Beam Anchor is a fixed I-beam anchor that is
easy to operate and designed to clamp onto a vertical or horizontal I-beam to
create a fixed anchor point.
DESCRIPTION
This Anchorage Connector has been tested for compliance with the requirements
of ANSI/ASSE Z359.18-2017. Testing covers only the Anchorage Connector and
does not extend to the connector, body harness, subsystem and/or substrate to
which the Anchorage Connector is attached to.
Prior to installation and use of this equipment, record the product identification
information from the label in the Inspection and Maintenance Log at the end of
this manual. Use a pen or fine point sharpie with blue or black ink when logging
inspections.
APPLICATION
Part
Number Flange Width
Ranging
Max. Flange
Thickness
ST18AV
Desription Anchor
Weight
Vertical Beam Anchor 41/2”-18” 2” 7.5 lbs
D-ring
Adjustable
Beam Clamp
Fixed Beam
Clamp
Locking
Nut
Hex Bar
Double Locking
mechanism
Safety Pin

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Purpose: The Frontline Fall Arrest Anchors are designed to be used as a
component in a Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS) Frontline Fall Arrest
Anchors are tested to meet or exceed applicable OSHA and ANSI standards
so employees can work safely tie-off while maintaining mobility and being
productive when using Anchorage Connector.
Approved Applications: Below are applications for which all Frontline Fall Arrest
Anchors are best used in. This list is not all-inclusive but is intended to define the
most common applications in which this product may be used:
APPROVED APPLICATIONS CHART
APPLICATION DESCRIPTION APROOVED
APPLICATION
PERSONAL
FALL ARREST
RESTRAINT
Person fall arrest is when the application where the user can be subject
to a fall. The anchorage needs to be used in conjunction with approved
connecting device such as a lanyard or self-retracting lifeline and a
harness. Maximum permissible free fall is 6 ft (1.8 m). Anchorages
selected for fall arrest systems shall be able to sustaining static loads
applied in the directions permitted by the system of at least 5,000 lbs (23
kN) for non-certified anchorages or two times the maximum arresting
force for certified anchorages.
Restraint is the application used by the user where the user is limited in
distance so they cannot reach or be exposed to a fall hazard. Restraint
systems shall have the strength capable of sustaining static loads
applied to all directions permitted by the system and; No less than 1,000
lbs for non-certified field anchorages and two times the foreseeable
force for certified anchorages or as determined by ANSI/ASSE Z359.6.
This system also is composed of the anchorage, connecting device such
as a lanyard or self-retracting lifeline and a harness.
WORK
POSITIONING
Positioning devices shall be secured to an anchorage capable of
supporting at least twice the potential impact load of an employee’s
fall or 3,000 pounds (13.3 kN), whichever is greater. This system also
is composed of the anchorage, connecting device such as a lanyard or
self-retracting lifeline and a harness.
USER CAPACITY:
SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS:
SERVICE TEMPERATURE:
BREAKING STRENGTH:
MATERIAL:
1 Person with a combined weight (clothing, tools, etc.) of
no more than: 310 lbs for ANSI, 420 lbs for OSHA.
-30°F to +130°F Minimum Service Temperatures.
5,000 lbs Minimum Breaking Strength.
Hex Bar: Aluminum Alloy
Jaws: Aluminum Alloy
D-ring Assembly: Alloy Steel

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SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
Compatible Connectors: In order to use Frontline Fall Protection Anchors,
connecting devices must including a compatible connector.
Compatible connectors must be approved snaphooks or carabiner which meet
OSHA and ANSI standards to be compatible with the member to which they are
connected to prevent unintentional disengagement. Snaphooks or carabiners
shall be of locking type designed and used to prevent disengagement of the
snaphook by the contact of the snaphook keeper by the connected member.
Structural Requirement: It is the requirement of the installer and user of the
equipment that the substrate where the anchor is being installed can withstand
a minimum breaking strength or 5,000 lbs per person or as part of a complete
personal fall arrest system which maintains a safety factor of at least two; and
under the supervision of a qualified person.
Making connections: When making the anchor connecting device connection,
ensure that the connecting equipment is compatible and meets or exceeds
OSHA and ANSI standards. Once connected, visually inspect the connection and
perform a pull test to ensure that the equipment is locked and fully functioning.
If equipment is not working properly or the safety integrity is in question, do
NOT use and consult with Qualified Person. No more than one PFAS may be
connected to a Fall Arrest Anchor at one time.
Ensure all connections are compatible in size, shape and strength. Do not
use equipment that is not compatible. Ensure all connectors are fully closed
and locked and that there’s only one connection point per anchor per person.
Perform a few pull tests to verify that the connection has been effective.
Frontline connectors (snaphooks and carabiners) are designed to be used only
as specified in each product’s user’s instructions. See figure 2 for examples of
inappropriate connections.

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FIGURE 2 - NON-COMPATIBLE CONNECTIONS
DO NOT connect two snaphooks or
carabiners to each other.
DO NOT connect in a way that would create
a loading on the gate.
DO NOT attach directly back
into the component itself
such as webbing, cable, or
rope, unless specifically
allowed by manufacturer
and instructions.
DO NOT attach in a manner
where the connector, gate or
release lever, may become
caught on the anchor
causing additional risk of
false connection.
DO NOT attach a double snap
hook to two side/ positioning
D-rings in a manner
whereby the D-rings will
engage the gates.
DO NOT connect two snaphooks or carabiners
to a single D-ring at the same time.
DO NOT attach to a object in a manner
whereby the gate of the snap hook or
carabiner would be prevented from fully
locking. Always visibly inspect for proper and
full closure of the snap hook or carabiner.
1.
3.
5. 6. 7.
2.
4.

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NOTE: Large snap hooks must not be connected to objects which will result in a
load on the gate if the hook twists or rotates, unless the snap hook complies with
ANSI Z359.1-2007 or ANSI Z359.12 and is equipped with a 3,600 lb (16 kN) gate.
Check the marking on your snap hook to verify its compatibility.
Personal Fall Arrest System: All PFAS used with this equipment must meet
OSHA and ANSI Z359 requirements. A full body harness along with a compliant
connecting device must be worn when this equipment is used as a component
of a PFAS. As required by OSHA, the PFAS must be able to arrest the user’s fall
with a maximum arresting force of 1,800 lbs (8 kN), and limit the free fall to 6
ft (1.8 m). Once equipment is subject to a fall or an impact, equipment must be
removed from service.
Structure Mounting Strength: The structure and mounting hardware must be
capable of withstanding at least 5,000 pounds (22.2 kN) per employee attached.
Installations MUST comply with all Federal, State, and local regulation standards
and be approved by a Qualified Person before use.
Structure Mounting Selection: When selecting a mounting structure, there are
various factors to considered. Some which are described below, but not all
inclusive:
• Select a structural component that can withstand a minimum breaking
strength of 5,000 lbs.
• Select a work area, that will be free of obstructions.
• Select a work area, that will be free of any other recognizable safety hazards.
• Select and overhead anchor when possible. If overhead anchor is no possible,
ensure that all the equipment used to connect the anchor is rated for below
the waist tie-off.
• Ensure there are no swing hazards.
If the user is unable to determine whether the anchorage meets the
manufacturer’s specification, please contact Frontline at [e-mail]
Before Working with your PFAS: It is required that before using PFAS, a fall
protection plan should be in place and used including the working conditions and
equipment to be used. Here are some aspects, but not all inclusive, of the items
that need be included in a fall protection plan:
• End user training on the safe use, care and maintenance of equipment and
jobsite conditions prior to commencing work.

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• Inspection procedures.
• Fall clearances and potential swing falls.
• Proper structure/substrate anchoring to withstand the minimum required
loads.
• A rescue plan in case end user or someone is subject to a fall.
Total Fall Clearance for PFAS: According to OSHA, the total fall clearance
distance is the minimum vertical distance between the worker and the lower
level that is necessary to ensure the worker does not contact a lower level
during a fall. The total fall clearance distance is calculated before a decision
is made to use a PFAS. If the available distance is not greater than the total fall
clearance distance, it is inappropriate to use the PFAS and a fall restraint system
might be used instead. Total fall clearance distance calculations are simple to
perform based on several factors, including but not all inclusive:
• Lanyard/Self Retracting Lifeline length which may vary depending on the
device being used and their specifications. See connecting device user
manual for more information.
• The height at which the lanyard is anchored relative to where the other end
attaches to the worker’s harness.
• The distance the worker will travel as the deceleration device absorbs the
energy from the fall (i.e., slows it down.)
• The worker’s height.
• D-ring shift and a safety factor.
Below are illustrations to help guide the user to determine minimum fall
clearances and swing hazards:

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Connecting Subsystem
(Energy Absorbing Lanyard
Shown)
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
Free Fall - 6ft. (1.8m)
Max. (per ANSI Z 359.11)
Deceleration Distance
Total Fall Distance Free
Fall (D) + Deceleration (E)
Working Level Shown
Lower Level or Obstruction
FIGURE 3

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Swing Fall: The swing fall hazard is created by the pendulum effect, which can
swing a fallen worker into a nearby surface, such as a wall or protruding beam.
In addition to calculating the total fall clearance distance before beginning work
on an elevated level, it is important to evaluate the swing fall hazard at the edges
where a worker might fall.
A worker who falls while connected to an anchor (unless it is directly overhead)
will swing back and forth like a pendulum. Workers can be seriously injured if
they strike objects during a swing fall. Installing the anchorage point directly
above the work area (i.e., connected to an overhead attachment point with
sufficient strength) will help prevent injury.
FIGURE 4
A worker who is attached to an anchor
connection 10’(Y) from the leading edge can
only move laterally 9.9(X) on either side of
perpendicular to the anchorage connection. The
total work angle cannot exceed 45 degrees.
Anchor
Distance
From
Leading
Edge (Y)
Working
Distance
Along Roof
Edge
(Either
Direction)
(X)
Working
Angle From
perpendic-
ular (Z)
INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS
This anchor and any other PFAS shall be inspected BEFORE each use. The
authorized user or rescuer inspecting the product shall have the proper training
on the use, maintenance, care and inspection of this product. Additionally, a
competent or qualified person other than the user shall conduct thorough
safety inspections every 6 months or sooner, when necessary or required by the
authorized user or employer. Some of the items that shall be inspected, but not
all inclusive, are the following:

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• Safety labels/markings/tags that are legible with appropriate OSHA/ANSI
markings, product limitations, user capacity and other markings as required
by OSHA/ANSI.
• Defects or any imperfections on the products such as; Corrosion, broken, bent,
deformed, excessive wear, defects in welded areas or any other evidence of
damage or alterations affecting the safety functionality of the anchor.
• Any other conditions that may question the integrity of the anchor, shall be
put out of service.
• Any product that has been subject to a fall or an impact, shall be put out of
service.
• Clean/clear product of any surface contamination such as concrete, stucco,
roofing material or other material that may impact the safe use of the product.
These are minimum requirements, and all inspections should be documented for
recordkeeping. Any questions regarding the safety inspection of Frontline Fall
Protection products please contact us at [e-mail].
INSTALLATION
When installing the beam anchor onto structural steel or I-beams, Frontline
requires that the I-beam has a minimum flange width of 4.5” and maximum of 18”
depending and an overall thickness of ½” – 2”. The substrate also must withstand
the required 5,000 lbs minimum breaking strength and approved before use by a
qualified person. Thereafter, then follow the next steps:
1. Make sure that the I-beam is clear of obstructions and that the I-beam is fully
installed and part of the structure.
2. Ideally the beam anchor would be preferred to be used in overhead
applications, if foot level tie-off is required other connecting devices need to be
suitable for the application.
3. The beam anchor can be used for vertical and horizontal I-Beam applications.
4. Once the desired I-beam anchoring location is determined, then loosen the
locking nuts creating an opening large enough to allow the beam flange to fit
between the beam clamps as shown on figure 5.

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FIGURE 5
FIGURE 6
To open beam clamp
turn locking nuts
counterclockwise
To close beam clamp and
secure beam anchor turn
locking nuts clockwise
5. Position the clamps over the beam flange. Then, close the adjustable clamp
so that the clamps are over the beam flange and turn locking nuts clockwise in
order to secure the anchor. The beam clamps must be closed symmetrically on
the beam as shown on figure 6.

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FIGURE 7
(FIXED ANS SECURED)
6. Check stability of the connection and that the anchor is installed correctly
and there is no possibility of self-acting disconnection the beam anchor from
the I-Beam.
7. If using in vertical applications: Check that there’s no vertical movement and
that the anchor is fixed and adjusted properly.
8. If using in horizontal applications: Check that the ends of the I-beam are
enclosed so that there is no possibility of the beam anchor sliding out from
I-beam as shown on figure 7.
9. Once correctly installed and inspected, anchor is ready for use with the
compatible additional PFAS.
10. To remove the anchor from I-Beam, ensure that employee/user is properly
tied-off and protected before removing anchor. After, turn the locking nuts
counterclockwise to open the clamps and remove the anchor from the I-Beam.