HEIDENHAIN TNC 620 User manual

TNC 620
User's Manual
HEIDENHAIN
Conversational Programming
NC Software
817600-01
817601-01
817605-01
English (en)
3/2014

Controls of the TNC
2TNC 620 | User's Manual
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Controls of the TNC
Keys on visual display unit
Key Function
Select split screen layout
Toggle the display between
machining and programming
modes
Soft keys for selecting functions on
screen
Shifting between soft-key rows
Machine operating modes
Key Function
Manual operation
Electronic handwheel
Positioning with manual data input
Program run, single block
Program run, full sequence
Programming modes
Key Function
Programming
Test run
Program/file management,
TNC functions
Key Function
Select or delete programs and files,
external data transfer
Define program call, select datum
and point tables
Select MOD functions
Display help text for NC error
messages, call TNCguide
Display all current error messages
Show calculator
Navigation keys
Key Function
Move highlight
Go directly to blocks, cycles and
parameter functions
Potentiometer for feed rate
and spindle speed
Feed rate Spindle speed

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Cycles, subprograms and
program section repeats
Key Function
Define touch probe cycles
Define and call cycles
Enter and call labels for
subprogramming and program
section repeats
Enter program stop in a program
Tool functions
Key Function
Define tool data in the program
Call tool data
Programming path movements
Key Function
Approach/depart contour
FK free contour programming
Straight line
Circle center/pole for polar
coordinates
Circular arc with center
Circle with radius
Circular arc with tangential
connection
Chamfer/Corner rounding
Special functions
Key Function
Show special functions
Select the next tab in forms
Up/down one dialog box or button
Entering and editing coordinate
axes and numbers
Key Function
. . .
Select coordinate axes or enter
them in a program
. . .
Numbers
Decimal point / Reverse algebraic
sign
Polar coordinate input /
Incremental values
Q-parameter programming/
Q-parameter status
Save actual position or values from
calculator
NO
ENT
Skip dialog questions, delete
words
Confirm entry and resume dialog
Conclude block and exit entry
Clear numerical entry or TNC error
message
Abort dialog, delete program
section

Controls of the TNC
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Fundamentals

Fundamentals
About this manual
6TNC 620 | User's Manual
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About this manual
The symbols used in this manual are described below.
This symbol indicates that important information
about the function described must be considered.
This symbol indicates that there is one or more
of the following risks when using the described
function:
Danger to workpiece
Danger to fixtures
Danger to tool
Danger to machine
Danger to operator
This symbol indicates a possibly dangerous situation
that may cause light injuries if not avoided.
This symbol indicates that the described function
must be adapted by the machine tool builder. The
function described may therefore vary depending on
the machine.
This symbol indicates that you can find detailed
information about a function in another manual.
Would you like any changes, or have you found any
errors?
We are continuously striving to improve our documentation for you.
Please help us by sending your requests to the following e-mail
address: [email protected].

TNC model, software and features
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TNC model, software and features
This manual describes functions and features provided by TNCs as
of the following NC software numbers.
TNC model NC software number
TNC 620 817600-01
TNC 620 E 817601-01
TNC 620 Programming Station 817605-01
The suffix E indicates the export version of the TNC. The export
version of the TNC has the following limitations:
Simultaneous linear movement in up to 4 axes
The machine tool builder adapts the usable features of the TNC to
his machine by setting machine parameters. Some of the functions
described in this manual may therefore not be among the features
provided by the TNC on your machine tool.
TNC functions that may not be available on your machine include:
Tool measurement with the TT
Please contact your machine tool builder to become familiar with
the features of your machine.
Many machine manufacturers, as well as HEIDENHAIN, offer
programming courses for the TNCs. We recommend these courses
as an effective way of improving your programming skill and
sharing information and ideas with other TNC users.
User's Manual for Cycle Programming:
All of the cycle functions (touch probe cycles and
fixed cycles) are described in the Cycle Programming
User’s Manual. Please contact HEIDENHAIN if you
require a copy of this User's Manual. ID: 1096886-xx

Fundamentals
TNC model, software and features
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Software options
The TNC 620 features various software options that can be enabled by your machine tool builder. Each option is to
be enabled separately and contains the following respective functions:
Software option 1 (option number 08)
Rotary table machining ■Programming of cylindrical contours as if in two axes
■Feed rate in distance per minute
Coordinate transformation ■Working plane, tilting the ...
Interpolation ■Circle in 3 axes with tilted working plane (spacial arc)
Software option 2 (option number 09)
■Motion control with minimum jerk
■3-D tool compensation through surface normal vectors
■Using the electronic handwheel to change the angle of the swivel head
during program run without affecting the position of the tool point.
(TCPM = Tool Center Point Management)
3-D machining
■Keeping the tool normal to the contour
■Tool radius compensation perpendicular to traversing and tool direction
Interpolation ■Linear in 5 axes (subject to export permit)
Touch probe function software option, (option number 17)
■Compensation of tool misalignment in automatic mode
■Datum setting in manual mode
■Datum setting in automatic mode
■Automatic workpiece measurement
Touch probe cycles
■Automatic tool measurement
HEIDENHAIN DNC (option number 18)
■Communication with external PC applications over COM component

TNC model, software and features
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Advanced programming features software option (option number 19)
FK free contour
programming
■Programming in HEIDENHAIN conversational format with graphic
support for workpiece drawings not dimensioned for NC
■Peck drilling, reaming, boring, counterboring, centering (Cycles 201 to
205, 208, 240, 241)
■Milling of internal and external threads (Cycles 262 to 265, 267)
■Finishing of rectangular and circular pockets and studs (Cycles 212 to
215, 251 to 257)
■Clearing level and oblique surfaces (Cycles 230 to 233)
■Straight slots and circular slots (Cycles 210, 211, 253, 254)
■Linear and circular point patterns (Cycles 220, 221)
■Contour train, contour pocket—also with contour-parallel machining
(Cycles 20 to 25)
Fixed cycles
■OEM cycles (special cycles developed by the machine tool builder) can
be integrated
Advanced graphic features software option (option number 20)
■Plan view
■Projection in three planes
Program verification
graphics, program-run
graphics ■3-D view
Software option 3 (option number 21)
Tool compensation ■M120: Radius-compensated contour look-ahead for up to 99 blocks
3-D machining ■M118: Superimpose handwheel positioning during program run
Pallet management software option (option number 22)
■Pallet management
Display step (Option number 23)
■Linear axes down to 0.01 µmInput resolution and display
step ■Rotary axes to 0.00001°

Fundamentals
TNC model, software and features
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DXF Converter software option (option number 42)
■Supported DXF format: AC1009 (AutoCAD R12)
■For contours and point patterns
■Simple and convenient specification of reference points
Extracting contour
programs and machining
positions from DXF data.
Extracting contour sections
from plain-language
programs.
■Select graphical features of contour sections from conversational
programs
KinematicsOpt software option (option number 48)
■Backup/restore active kinematics
■Test active kinematics
Touch-probe cycles for
automatic testing and
optimization of the machine
kinematics ■Optimize active kinematics
Cross Talk Compensation (CTC) software option (option number 141)
■Determination of dynamically caused position deviation through axis
acceleration
Compensation of axis
couplings
■Compensation of the TCP
Position Adaptive Control (PAC) software option (option number 142)
■Changing of the control parameters depending on the position of the
axes in the working space
Changing control
parameters
■Changing of the control parameters depending on the speed or
acceleration of an axis
Load Adaptive Control (LAC) software option (option number 143)
■Automatic determination of workpiece weight and frictional forcesDynamic changing of control
parameters ■Continuous adaptation of the parameters of the adaptive precontrolling
to the actual weight of the workpiece during machining
Active Chatter Control (ACC) software option (option number 145)
Fully automatic function for chatter control during machining

TNC model, software and features
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Feature Content Level (upgrade functions)
Along with software options, significant further improvements
of the TNC software are managed via the Feature Content Level
upgrade functions. Functions subject to the FCL are not available
simply by updating the software on your TNC.
All upgrade functions are available to you without
surcharge when you receive a new machine.
Upgrade functions are identified in the manual with FCL n, where n
indicates the sequential number of the feature content level.
You can purchase a code number in order to permanently enable
the FCL functions. For more information, contact your machine tool
builder or HEIDENHAIN.
Intended place of operation
The TNC complies with the limits for a Class A device in
accordance with the specifications in EN 55022, and is intended for
use primarily in industrially-zoned areas.
Legal information
This product uses open source software. Further information is
available on the control under
Programming and Editing operating mode
MOD function
License Info soft key

Fundamentals
TNC model, software and features
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New functions
New Functions 73498x-02
DXF files can be opened directly on the TNC in order to extract
contours and point patterns ("Programming: Data transfer from DXF
files or plain-language contours", page 237).
The active tool-axis direction can now be activated in manual
mode and during handwheel superimposition as a virtual tool axis
("Superimposing handwheel positioning during program run: M118
(Miscellaneous Functions software option)", page 354).
Writing and reading data in freely definable tables ("Freely definable
tables", page 379).
New touch probe cycle 484 for calibrating the wireless TT 449 tool
touch probe (see User's Manual for Cycles).
The new HR 520 and HR 550 FS handwheels are supported
("Traverse with electronic handwheels", page 440).
New machining cycle 225 ENGRAVING (see User’s Manual for
Cycle Programming)
New Active Chatter Control (ACC) software option ("Active Chatter
Control (ACC; software option)", page 365).
New manual probing cycle "Center line as datum" ("Setting a center
line as datum ", page 484).
New function for rounding corners ("Rounding corners: M197",
page 360).
External access to the TNC can now be blocked with a MOD
function ("External access", page 533).

TNC model, software and features
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New Functions 73498x-02
The maximum number of characters for the NAME and DOC fields
in the tool table has been increased from 16 to 32 ("Enter tool data
into the table", page 162).
The columns ACC were added to the tool table ("Enter tool data
into the table", page 162).
Operation and position behavior of the manual probing cycles has
been improved ("Using 3-D touch probes (Touch Probe Function
software option)", page 464).
Predefined values can now be entered into a cycle parameter
with the PREDEF function in cycles (see User’s Manual for Cycle
Programming).
A new optimization algorithm is now used with the KinematicsOpt
cycles (see User’s Manual for Cycle Programming).
With Cycle 257, circular stud milling, a parameter is now available
with which you can determine the approach position on the stud
(see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)
With Cycle 256, rectangular stud, a parameter is now available with
which you can determine the approach position on the stud (see
User's Manual for Cycle Programming).
With the "Basic Rotation" probing cycle, workpiece misalignment
can now be compensated for via a table rotation ("Compensation of
workpiece misalignment by rotating the table", page 477)

Fundamentals
TNC model, software and features
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New functions 81760x-01
New special operating mode Retraction ("Retraction after a power
interruption", page 520).
New graphic simulation ("Graphics (Advanced Graphic Features
software option)", page 502).
New MOD function "tool usage file" within the machine settings
group ("Tool usage file", page 533).
New MOD function "set system time" within the systems settings
group ("Set the system time", page 535).
New MOD group "graphic settings" ("Graphic settings",
page 532).
With the new cutting data calculator you can calculate the spindle
speed and the feed rate ("Cutting data calculator", page 138).
Now you can activate and deactivate the active chatter
compensation (ACC) by soft key ("Activating/deactivating ACC",
page 366).
New if/then decisions were introduced in the jump commands
("Programming if-then decisions", page 280).
The character set of the fixed cycle 225 Engraving was expanded
by more characters and the diameter sign (see User's Manual for
Cycle Programming).
New fixed cycle 275 trochoidal milling (see User’s Manual for Cycle
Programming)
New fixed cycle 233 ENGRAVING (see User’s Manual for Cycle
Programming)
In the drilling cycles 200, 203 and 205 the parameter Q395 BEZUG
DEPTH REFERENCE was introduced in order to evaluate the T
ANGLE (see User's Manual for Cycle Programming).
The probing cycle 4 MEASURING IN 3-D was introduced (see
User's Manual for Cycle Programming).

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Changed functions 81760x-01
Now up to 4 functions are allowed in an NC block ("Fundamentals",
page 342).
New soft keys for value transfer have been introduced in the pocket
calculator ("Operation", page 135).
The distance-to-go display can now also be displayed in the input
system ("Position Display Types", page 536).
Cycle 241 SINGLE-LIP DEEP HOLE DRILLING was expanded
by several input parameters (see User's Manual for Cycle
Programming).
Cycle 404 was expanded by the parameter Q305 NUMBER IN
TABLE (see User's Manual for Cycle Programming).
In the thread milling cycles 26x an approaching feed rate was
introduced (see User's Manual for Cycle Programming).
In Cycle 205 Universal Pecking you can now use parameter Q208
to define a feed rate for retraction (see User's Manual for Cycle
Programming).

Fundamentals
TNC model, software and features
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Contents
1 First Steps with the TNC 620....................................................................................................... 47
2 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................67
3 Programming: Fundamentals, file management.........................................................................85
4 Programming: Programming aids.............................................................................................. 129
5 Programming: Tools..................................................................................................................... 157
6 Programming: Programming contours...................................................................................... 185
7 Programming: Data transfer from DXF files or plain-language contours............................... 237
8 Programming: Subprograms and program section repeats.................................................... 255
9 Programming: Q Parameters.......................................................................................................271
10 Programming: Miscellaneous functions.....................................................................................341
11 Programming: Special functions.................................................................................................361
12 Programming: Multiple Axis Machining.................................................................................... 385
13 Programming: Pallet editor......................................................................................................... 429
14 Manual operation and setup.......................................................................................................435
15 Positioning with Manual Data Input.......................................................................................... 495
16 Test run and program run........................................................................................................... 501
17 MOD functions..............................................................................................................................529
18 Tables and overviews...................................................................................................................557

Contents
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1 First Steps with the TNC 620....................................................................................................... 47
1.1 Overview................................................................................................................................................ 48
1.2 Machine switch-on................................................................................................................................48
Acknowledging the power interruption and moving to the reference points..........................................48
1.3 Programming the first part..................................................................................................................49
Selecting the correct operating mode.................................................................................................... 49
The most important TNC keys................................................................................................................49
Creating a new program/file management............................................................................................. 50
Defining a workpiece blank.................................................................................................................... 51
Program layout........................................................................................................................................ 52
Programming a simple contour...............................................................................................................53
Creating a cycle program........................................................................................................................56
1.4 Graphically testing the first part (Advanced Graphic Features software option)........................... 58
Selecting the correct operating mode.................................................................................................... 58
Selecting the tool table for the test run.................................................................................................58
Choosing the program you want to test................................................................................................ 59
Selecting the screen layout and the view.............................................................................................. 59
Starting the test run................................................................................................................................60
1.5 Setting up tools.................................................................................................................................... 61
Selecting the correct operating mode.................................................................................................... 61
Preparing and measuring tools............................................................................................................... 61
The tool table TOOL.T............................................................................................................................ 62
The pocket table TOOL_P.TCH................................................................................................................63
1.6 Workpiece setup....................................................................................................................................64
Selecting the correct operating mode.................................................................................................... 64
Clamping the workpiece......................................................................................................................... 64
Datum setting with 3-D touch probe (software option: Touch probe function)....................................... 65
1.7 Running the first program................................................................................................................... 66
Selecting the correct operating mode.................................................................................................... 66
Choosing the program you want to run................................................................................................. 66
Start the program....................................................................................................................................66

Contents
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2 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................67
2.1 The TNC 620.......................................................................................................................................... 68
Programming: HEIDENHAIN conversational and ISO formats............................................................... 68
Compatibility............................................................................................................................................68
2.2 Visual display unit and operating panel............................................................................................ 69
Display screen.........................................................................................................................................69
Setting the screen layout........................................................................................................................70
Control Panel...........................................................................................................................................70
2.3 Modes of Operation..............................................................................................................................71
Manual Operation and El. Handwheel....................................................................................................71
Positioning with Manual Data Input........................................................................................................71
Programming........................................................................................................................................... 71
Test Run.................................................................................................................................................. 72
Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block................................................................72
2.4 Status displays...................................................................................................................................... 73
"General" status display...........................................................................................................................73
Additional status displays........................................................................................................................74
2.5 Window Manager..................................................................................................................................80
Task bar................................................................................................................................................... 81
2.6 SELinux security software....................................................................................................................82
2.7 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels......................................83
3-D touch probes (Touch Probe Function software option).....................................................................83
HR electronic handwheels......................................................................................................................84