ST ST25DV-DISCOVERY User manual

October 2021 UM2062 Rev 3 1/55
1
UM2062
User manual
Firmware for the ST25DV-DISCOVERY boards
Introduction
This document describes the functionalities of the STSW-ST25DV001 firmware, developed
to fully exploit the capabilities of the ST25DV-DISCOVERY boards, based on ST25DV.
The ST25DV is an IC for contactless applications that can communicate with a
microcontroller through an I²C interface; this makes the ST25DV a dynamic tag. On the RF
side, the reader (for instance a smart phone) can retrieve and update the content of the tag
when close to it.
The reader communicates with the ST25DV-DISCOVERY board using the ISO 15693
protocol, while the STM32F405 microcontroller communicates with the ST25DV through an
I²C bus.
With this discovery kit, the ST25DV can be programmed with different contents, following
the NFC Forum standard. This means that a smart phone can read it natively, without any
specific application being previously installed.
A specific fast transfer mode can be used to transfer data directly to the microcontroller,
without using the embedded EEPROM.
www.st.com

Contents
2/55 UM2062 Rev 3
Contents
1 List of acronyms and notational conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.1 Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.2 Representation of numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1 ST25DV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2 STM32F405 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3 ST25DV-DISCOVERY boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3.1 ST25DV-DISCOVERY motherboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3.2 ST25DV daughter board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3 Firmware description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.1 Prerequisite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2 Main menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2.1 Discover ST25DV menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.2 RF GPO interrupt demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.3 “Fast Transfer Mode Demo” menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.2.4 NFC NDEF demonstrations menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Appendix A FTM protocol details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
A.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
A.2 Operating modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
A.3 Low-level protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
A.4 ST Light Protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

UM2062 Rev 3 3/55
List of tables
3
List of tables
Table 1. FTM commands list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Table 2. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

List of figures
4/55 UM2062 Rev 3
List of figures
Figure 1. Communication scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 2. ST25DX-DISCOVERY motherboard MB1283-B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 3. ST25DV_Discovery_ANT_C5 board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 4. ST25DV-DISCOVERY main menu display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 5. ST25DV-DISCOVERY features menu display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Figure 6. ST25DV-DISCOVERY interrupt generation display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 7. Smart phone GPO register configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 8. Use of PC software to manage GPO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 9. ST25DV-DISCOVERY energy harvesting measurement display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 10. Smart phone and area display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 11. ST25DV-DISCOVERY Fast Transfer Mode display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 12. Smart phone and Fast Transfer Mode use cases display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 13. FTM demonstration selection on ST25PC-NFC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 14. FTM demonstration user interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 15. R2H data transfer diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 16. ST25DV-DISCOVERY R2H data transfer in progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 17. ST25DV-DISCOVERY R2H data transfer done . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 18. ST25DV drawer menu (Mailbox management, FTM demonstration,
Stopwatch demonstration) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 19. Mailbox Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 20. Data transfers from reader to tag of a random buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 21. ST25DV-DISCOVERY firmware upgrade: password check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 22. ST25DV-DISCOVERY firmware upgrade: password OK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 23. ST25DV-DISCOVERY firmware upgrade: bad password. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 24. Software end transfer status display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 25. ST25DV-DISCOVERY firmware upgrade: transfer done . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 26. Smart phone and firmware upgrade display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 27. Firmware upgrade demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 28. Transfer from smart phone to tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Figure 29. Image transfer demonstration: send a picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 30. H2R data transfer diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 31. ST25DV-DISCOVERY Select picture to upload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Figure 32. ST25DV-DISCOVERY Image upload start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Figure 33. ST25DV-DISCOVERY Image upload successful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Figure 34. Transfer from tag to smart phone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Figure 35. Image transfer demonstration: receive a picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Figure 36. ST25DV-DISCOVERY select H2R data size to transfer display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 37. Smart phone and data transfers H2R with selected size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 38. H2R data transfer demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Figure 39. ST25DV-DISCOVERY stopwatch start. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Figure 40. Smart phone and stopwatch transfers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Figure 41. ST25DV-DISCOVERY NFC NDEF demonstrations menu display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Figure 42. ST25DV-DISCOVERY read URI display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Figure 43. ST25DV-DISCOVERY read SMS content display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Figure 44. ST25DV-DISCOVERY read Email content display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Figure 45. ST25DV-DISCOVERY read vCard content display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Figure 46. ST25DV-DISCOVERY read Geolocation display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Figure 47. ST25DV-DISCOVERY MyApp demonstration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

UM2062 Rev 3 5/55
List of figures
5
Figure 48. Smart phone and Multi records editor display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Figure 49. Smart phone and NDEF discover display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Figure 50. Smart phone and URL NDEF write menu display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Figure 51. Example of transmission with three packets per segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Figure 52. Structure of a packet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Figure 53. Structure of a status packet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Figure 54. Structure of a command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Figure 55. Structure of a command response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

List of acronyms and notational conventions
6/55 UM2062 Rev 3
1 List of acronyms and notational conventions
1.1 Acronyms
APB: Advanced peripheral bus
AAR: Android™ application record
BLE: Bluetooth®Low Energy
CAN: Controller area network
GPS: Global positioning system
GPO: General purpose output
H2R: Host to reader
IEC: International electrotechnical commission
ISO: International organization for standardization
MCU: Micro controller unit (microcontroller)
NFC: Near field communication
OOB: Out of band
R2H: Reader to host
RF: Radio frequency
RFID: Radio frequency identification
RISC: Reduced instruction set computer
SPI: Serial peripheral interface
URI: Uniform resource identifier
URL: Uniform resource locator
USB: Universal serial bus
1.2 Representation of numbers
The following conventions and notations apply in this document unless otherwise stated:
•Binary numbers are represented by strings of 0 and 1 digits shown with the most
significant bit (MSB) on the left, the least significant bit (LSB) on the right, and “0b”
added at the beginning. Example: 0b11110101.
•Hexadecimal numbers are represented by using numbers 0 to 9 and characters A to
F and adding “0x” at the beginning. The most significant bit (MSB) is shown on the left
and the least significant bit (LSB) on the right. Example: 0xF5.
•Decimal numbers are represented without any trailing character. Example: 245.

UM2062 Rev 3 7/55
Overview
48
2 Overview
2.1 ST25DV
The ST25DV is a dynamic tag IC for contactless applications (ISO 15693). It manages the
RF communication with a reader. It also includes frame coding, RF modulation and
manages the anti-collision process.
The ST25DV works as an NFC Forum Type 5 tag, supporting detection, read and write
operations.
The ST25DV (see Figure 1) can communicate with a reader without any external control.
Figure 1. Communication scheme
2.2 STM32F405
The STM32F405xx microcontrollers are based on the high-performance ARM®(a) Cortex®-
M4 32-bit RISC core operating at a frequency of up to 168 MHz. The Cortex®-M4 core
features a floating -point unit (FPU) single precision, which supports all ARM®single-
precision data-processing instructions and data types. It also implements a full set of DSP
instructions and a memory protection unit (MPU) that enhances application security.
The STM32F405xx incorporate high-speed embedded memories (Flash memory up to 1
Mbyte, SRAM up to 192 Kbytes), up to 4 Kbytes of backup SRAM, an extensive range of
enhanced I/Os and peripherals connected to two APB buses, three AHB buses and a 32-bit
multi-AHB bus matrix.
All devices offer three 12-bit ADCs, two DACs, a low-power RTC, twelve general-purpose
16-bit timers including two PWM timers for motor control, two general-purpose 32-bit timers,
MS42492V1
MCU ST25DV RF
I2C
a. Arm is a registered trademark of Arm Limited (or its subsidiaries) in the US and/or elsewhere.

Overview
8/55 UM2062 Rev 3
a true random number generator (RNG) and a cryptographic acceleration cell. They also
feature standard and advanced communication interfaces:
•Up to three I2Cs
•Three SPIs, two I2Ss full duplex: to achieve audio class accuracy, the I2S peripherals
can be clocked via a dedicated internal audio PLL or via an external clock enabling
synchronization
•Four USARTs and two UARTs
•An USB OTG full-speed and an USB OTG high-speed with full-speed capability (with
the ULPI)
•Two CANs
•An SDIO/MMC interface
These features make the STM32F405xx microcontrollers suitable for a wide range of
applications, such as
•Motor drive and application control
•Medical equipment
•Industrial applications: PLC, inverters, circuit breakers
•Printers and scanners
•Alarm systems, video intercom and HVAC
•Home and audio appliances
2.3 ST25DV-DISCOVERY boards
The ST25DV-DISCOVERY is an evaluation kit, which allows the user to evaluate the
performance of the ST25DV dynamic tag. The kit is composed of two boards:
•motherboard
•ST25DV daughter board
2.3.1 ST25DV-DISCOVERY motherboard
The ST25DV-DISCOVERY is powered through any of the USB bus (micro and mini
connectors) and no external power supply is required.
This motherboard embeds the STM32F405VG microcontroller and different peripherals:
•LCD display and touchscreen to interface with the user
•USB connectors to connect to a PC (mini-USB for the STLink debugger and micro-USB
available for the user application)
•Optional modules: Wi-Fi®and Bluetooth®Low Energy (BLE) to connect with a smart
phone
The connector on the right side of the board is dedicated to the daughter boards that embed
the NFC tags.

UM2062 Rev 3 9/55
Overview
48
Figure 2. ST25DX-DISCOVERY motherboard MB1283-B
2.3.2 ST25DV daughter board
This board embeds the ST25DV NFC device and a 31 mm x 30 mm, 13.56 MHz double
layer inductive etched antenna (no need for tuning components).
The ST25DV communicates with the STM32F405VG 32-bit MCU via the I²C bus.
Figure 3. ST25DV_Discovery_ANT_C5 board

Firmware description
10/55 UM2062 Rev 3
3 Firmware description
3.1 Prerequisite
The ST25DV products are dynamic tags, their content and configuration can be driven by
both a microcontroller (through I²C) and a reader through the RF.
To benefit from the ST25DV demonstration kit, the user must have one of the following:
•A smart phone with the NFC capability enabled, combined with the ST25 NFC
application installed on it (see UM2131, available on www.st.com)
•An NFC reader with a dedicated PC software. ST25PC-NFC software embeds all
features and demonstrations to be used with ST25DV-DISCOVERY board. Refer to
UM2444 (Software toolbox for NFC tags) for more information about it.
The ST25DV is fully compliant with the NFC Forum Type 5 standard. This standard has
been introduced recently, hence some features could not be fully supported by the oldest
smart phones.
3.2 Main menu
The main menu (see Figure 4) is composed of three icons, used to access sub-menus.
Figure 4. ST25DV-DISCOVERY main menu display
Each item allows the user to enter a sub-menu containing a set of use cases, as indicated
below:
Note: If the Wi-Fi®and/or the BLE modules have been added to the board the corresponding
icons are available to access the Wi-Fi®and Bluetooth®pairing demonstrations.
Discover ST25DV
Fast transfer mode demonstration
NFC NDEF demonstrations