AKM AK5394A User manual

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
< KM064804> 2005/05
- 1 -
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
AKD5394A is an evaluation board for AK5394A, the 24bit A/D converter for professional audio. It has
analog input buffer circuits, clock generator circuits, and digital audio interfaces, therefore it can achieve
the interface with digital audio systems via optical connector or BNC connector. And it can achieve the
direct interface with AKM’s D/A converter evaluation boards via 10-line flat cable.
Ordering guide
AKD5394A --- AK5394A Evaluation Board
FUNCTION
•Analog input buffer circuits
•Clock generator circuits
•2 type digital audio interfaces
- Optical output or COAX output by DIT(AK4103A)
- Direct interface with AKM’s D/A converter evaluation boards via 10-line flat cable
•BNC connector for external clock input
AK5394A
Input
Buffer
4.75∼5.25V GND
Lch
Rch
AK4103A
(DIT)
Clock
Generator
COAX
D/A Data
10pin Header
3.0∼5.25V
Opt Out
Figure 1. AKD5394A Block Diagram
* Circuit diagram and PCB layout are attached at the end of this manual.
A
K5394A Evaluation Board Rev.B
A
KD5394
A

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
< KM064804> 2005/05
- 2 -
EVALUATION BOARD MANUAL
Operation sequence
1) Set up the power supply lines.
[+15V] (Green) = +15V
[-15V] (Blue) = -15V
[5394_VA] (Red) = 4.75~5.25V : VA of AK5394A
[5394_VD] (Orange) = 3.0~5.25V : VD of AK5394A
[4103_VD] (Red) = 4.75~5.25V : VDD of AK4103A
[AGND] (Black) = 0V : Analog Ground(Include AGND and DGND of AK5394A)
[DGND] (Black) = 0V : Digital Ground(Logic part)
When “5394_VD” is operated on 3.0~4.75V, JP15(IF/5V) should be connected to “5394_VD”.
Each supply line should be distributed from the power supply unit.
2) Set-up the evaluation modes, jumper pins and DIP switches. (See the followings.)
3) Power on.
The AK5394A and AK4103A should be reset once by bringing SW1 (PDN) to “L” after power-on.
After that, release the reset by bringing SW1 (PDN) to “H”.
Keep SW1(PDN) “H” during normal operation.

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
< KM064804> 2005/05
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Evaluation mode
1) Use DIT (Optical connector or BNC connector) <default>
2) Use AKM’s D/A evaluation board
3) Receive interface signal : MCLK, SCLK(BICK), LRCK from external source
1) Use DIT (Optical connector or BNC connector) <default>
PORT2(TOTX176) or J5(TX) are used. It is able to send A/D converted data through optical connector or
BNC connector. And it is able to connect to AKM’s D/A evaluation board and digital amp. When MCLK is
received from external source through BNC connector (J6), JP2(CLK) should be connected to “BNC” side,
and JP16(XTE) should be short. The setting of JP7, JP9, JP11, JP12 and JP13 should be adjusted to the
AK5394A’s conditions(clock ratio, data format, etc).(Refer to setting of jumper pin.)
JP11
BICK
12.288M
6.144M
3.072M
JP2
CLK JP13 LRCK1
HC74
74HC4040
BNCX’tal
Figure2. Setting of jumper pin (Use DIT) <default>
2) Use AKM’s D/A evaluation board
It is able to evaluate AKM’s D/A evaluation board connecting to PORT3(EXT) via 10pin flat cable. When
MCLK, SCLK(BICK) and LRCK are sent to a D/A board, setting of jumper pin is the same as “1)”. When
MCLK, SCLK(BICK) and LRCK are received from a D/A board, setting of jumper pin is the same as “3)”.
JP11
BICK
12.288M
6.144M
3.072M
JP2
CLK JP13 LRCK1
HC74
74HC4040
BNCX’tal
Figure3. Setting of jumper pin (Use AKM’s D/A evaluation board)
3) Receive interface signal : MCLK, SCLK(BICK), LRCK from external source
PORT3(EXT) is used. JP11 and 12 should be open. The setting of JP7 and JP9 should be adjusted to the
AK5394A’s conditions(clock ratio, data format, etc).(Refer to setting of jumper pin.)
JP11
BICK
12.288M
6.144M
3.072M
JP2
CLK JP13 LRCK1
HC74
74HC4040
BNCX’tal
Figure4. Setting of jumper pin (Receive interface signal)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
< KM064804> 2005/05
- 4 -
Setting of DIP switch
1. Polarity of DIP switch
Refer to table below, before setting of DIP switch.
(Normally, “ON” is “H”, “OFF” is “L”.)
Polarity of DIP switch : SW2(AK5394A), SW3(AK4103A)
DFS1 DFS0 HPFE SMODE2 SMODE
1 ZCAL
ON H H H H H H
OFF L L L L L L
Table1. Polarity of DIP switch: SW2
V1 FS0 FS1 FS2 FS3 CKS0 CKS1 DIF
ON H H H H H H H H
OFF L L L L L L L L
Table2. Polarity of DIP switch: SW3
2. Setting of DIP switch : SW2(AK5394A), SW3(AK4103A)
(1) Setting of DIP switch : SW2(AK5394A)
Sampling Speed Normal Double Quad
DFS1
(SW2-1) OFF OFF ON
DFS0
(SW2-2) OFF ON OFF
LRCK (fs) ~54kHz ~108kHz ~216kHz
SCLK ~128fs ~64fs ~64fs
MCLK 256fs 128fs 64fs
(default)
Table3. Setting of DFS1, DFS0
(In the case of Quad Speed, MCLK of AK4103A is 128fs.)
SMODE2
(SW2-4) SMODE1 (SW2-5) Audio Format
OFF OFF Slave Mode (default)
OFF ON Master Mode
ON OFF I2S Slave Mode
ON ON I2S Master Mode
Table4. Setting of SMODE2, SMODE1
[SW2-6]: Calibration pin
“OFF”: VCOML, VCOMR (default)
“ON”: Analog input pin (AINL±, AINR±)
[SW2-3]: HPFE
“ON”: Enable
“OFF”: Disable (default)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 5 -
(2) Setting of DIP switch : SW3(AK4103A)
CKS1
(SW3-6) CKS0 (SW3-7) MCLK LRCK
OFF ON 128fs 28~216kHz
OFF OFF 256fs 28~108kHz (default)
Table5.Setting of system clock
DIF0
(SW3-8) Audio Format BICK
OFF 24bit, Left Justified 48~128fs (default)
ON 24bit, I2S 50~128fs
Table6. Audio format of AK4103A
[SW3-2,3,4,5] : Set sampling frequency of channel status. (default is all “OFF”.)
[SW3-1] : Set validity of channel status. (default is “OFF”.)
3. Setting of clock
Setting of clock of AK5394A and AK4103A
LRCK(fs) MCLK BICK JP9 JP11 JP12 JP13
48kHz 256fs
128fs
64fs 12.288M 6.144M 3.072M 48k HC74 (default)
96kHz 128fs 64fs 12.288M 6.144M 96k HC74
192kHz 64fs 64fs 12.288M 12.288M 192k HC74
Table7. System clock example

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 6 -
Setting of jumper pin
[JP1] (5394_VA) : select the source of power supply for VA pin of AK5394A.
Short : supply from the regulator(T1) on board (default)
(In this case, the jack of “5394_VA” should be open.)
Open : supply from the jack of “5394_VA”
[JP2] (CLK) : select the source of MCLK for AK5394A and AK4103A.
(Excepting the case of receiving from external source, SCLK(BICK) and LRCK for AK5394A and
AK4103A are generated by dividing MCLK which is selected on JP2.)
X’tal : supply from X’tal oscillator(X1) on board. (default)
(Use 24.5760MHz as frequency of X’tal Oscillator.)
BNC : supply from external source through BNC connector(J6)
[JP3, JP4, JP5, JP6] (BNC) : select the connector for analog input.
Short : use BNC connectors(J2, J4).
Open : use XLR(Cannon) connectors(J1, J3). (default)
[JP7] (4103_MCLK) : select the frequency of MCLK for AK4103A. (Note1)
CLK : x 1
HC4040 : x 1/2 (default)
[JP9] (5394_MCLK) : select the frequency of MCLK for AK5394A. (Note1)
24.576M (Note2) : x 1
12.288M (Note2) : x 1/2 (default)
[JP11] (BICK) : select the frequency of SCLK(BICK) for AK5394A and AK4103A. (Note1)
12.288M (Note2) : x 1/2
6.144M (Note2) : x 1/4 (default)
3.072M (Note2) : x 1/8
[JP12] (LRCK) : select the frequency of LRCK for AK5394A and AK4103A. (Note1)
192k (Note2) : x 1/128
96k (Note2) : x 1/256
48k (Note2) : x 1/512 (default)
[JP13] (LRCK1): select the adjust of the phase of LRCK and SCLK(BICK) for AK5394A and AK4103A.
74HC4040 : supply LRCK without the adjust of the phase of LRCK and SCLK(BICK).
74HC74 : supply LRCK after the adjust of the phase of LRCK and SCLK(BICK) by 74HC74. (default)
[JP15] (IF/5V) : select the source of power supply for digital logic part.
5394_VD :supply from the jack of “5394_VD” (default)
(Use this jack when VD of AK5394A is operated in 3.3V.)
4103_VD :supply from the jack of “4103_VD”.
[JP16] (XTE) : select X’tal oscillator(X1) on board.
Short : not use X’tal oscillator(X1) on board.
Open : use X’tal oscillator(X1) on board. (default)
(Note1) Select the ratio to the frequency of (PORT3, J6 or X1).
(Note2) The value assumed that the frequency of (PORT3, J6 or X1) is 24.576MHz.

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 7 -
Function of the toggle SW
[SW1](PDN) : Reset AK5394A and AK4103A, bringing it to “L” once, after power-on.
And then, release the reset, bringing it to “H”.
Keep it “H” during normal operation.
(Upper side is “H”, and lower side is “L”.)
Analog input buffer circuit
An analog input buffer circuit example (1st order HPF; fc=0.70Hz, 2nd order LPF; fc=320kHz, gain=-14.5dB) is shown in
Figure 5. The analog signal is able to input through XLR or BNC connectors. (For BNC input, jumper should be short.
For XLR input, jumper should be open.) The input level of this circuit is +/-12.7Vpp (AK5394A: +/-2.4Vpp Typ.). When
using this circuit, analog characteristics at fs=48kHz is DR=120dB, S/(N+D)=105dB.
4.7k -
+ -
+
91
3.3k
620
-
+
91
620
A
nalog In
12.7Vpp
68µ
NJM5534
VA=+5V
VP=±15
V
4.7k
10µ
+
10k
10k
0.1µ
Bias
VA+
2.4Vpp
2.4Vpp
VP+
VP- Bias
1n
3.3k
1n
Bias
2.2n
68µ
XLR
Vin+
Vin-
Jumper
Jumper NJM5534
NJM5534
A
K5394AAIN+
A
K5394AAIN-
12.7Vpp
12.7Vpp
Figure 5. Analog input buffer circuit example
Fin 1Hz 10Hz
Frequency Response -1.77dB -0.02dB
Table 8. Frequency Response of HPF
Fin 20kHz 40kHz 80kHz 6.144MHz
Frequency Response 0.00dB 0.00dB 0.00dB -51.36dB
Table 9. Frequency Response of LPF

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 8 -
When capacitors more than 10µF are connected between VREF pin and GND
The distortion at low frequency can be improved by connecting large capacitors C(Figure 6) to VREF pins. (Refer to
Figure 7) C is C10, C13, C56 and C58 in circuit diagram. However, when the capacitors of VREF pins are larger than
10µF, it is possibility that the offset calibration does not performed correctly if the offset calibration cycle is started right
after power-up. Because the internal VREF cannot settle to the appropriate voltage when the calibration cycle is
completed. In this case, the offset calibration cycle should be started again after the VREF voltage settled. (Figure 8) The
relationship between the capacitance and the VREF settling time is shown in Table 10.
VREF+
VREF-
0.22u
C +
AK5394A
+
C
Figure 6. VREF circuit example(C is C10, C13, C56 and C58 in circuit diagram)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 9 -
[Measurement Example]
Ta=25°C; VA=5.0V; VD=3.3V; AGND, BGND, DGND=0V; fs=48kHz;
24 bit Output; BW=10Hz~20kHz; DFS0= “L”, DFS1= “L”, Using Audio Precision System Two.
AKM AK5394A THD+N vs Frequency
last.at2c
-130
-60
-125
-120
-115
-110
-105
-100
-95
-90
-85
-80
-75
-70
-65
d
B
F
S
10 20k20 50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
Figure 7. THD+N vs. Frequency
Capacitor C
[µF] Settling Time
T[s]=0.005 x C
1000 5
470 2.4
220 1.1
100 0.5
Table 10. Capacitors connected between VREF and GND, and Settling Time
RSTN
SDATA
tRTV
tRCR
CAL
tRTW
tRCF
VA, VD
Settling Time of VREF pin:T(s)
0.005 x C
150ns~1ms
Figure 8. Reset & Calibration Timing
10
µ
F
100µF220µF
470
µ
F1000
µ
F

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 10 -
MEASUREMENT RESULTS
[Measurement condition]
•Measurement unit : Audio Precision System Two Cascade(AP2C) / ROHDE & SCHWARZ, UPD04 (R&S)
•MCLK : 12.288MHz
•BICK : 128fs for 48kHz, 64fs for 96kHz and 192kHz
•fs : 48kHz, 96kHz, 192kHz
•BW :10Hz∼20kHz (fs=48kHz)
•Resolution : 24bit
•Power Supply : VA=5V, VD=3.3V
•Interface : DIT / Serial MUX
•Temperature : Room
1. VREF cap = 10µF, Measurement Unit = AP2C ; I/F = Optical
Parameter Input signal Measurement filter Results
fs 48kHz 96kHz
BW 20kHz Fs/2 (=48kHz)
S/(N+D) 1kHz, -1dB - 106.0 105.6
1kHz, -20dB - 98.1 94.1
1kHz, -60dB - 57.3 54.1
DR 1kHz, -60dB A-weighted 121.0 121.0
- 118.7 115.1S/N no signal
A-weighted 121.1 121.2
[dB]
2. VREF cap = 10µF, Meas. Unit = R&S ; I/F = Serial MUX
Parameter Input signal Measurement filter Results
fs 192kHz
BW 80kHz
S/(N+D) 1kHz, -1dB - 105.1
1kHz, -20dB - 91.0
1kHz, -60dB - 54.1
DR 1kHz, -60dB A-weighted 119.0
- 111.5S/N no signal
A-weighted 120.3
[dB]
3. Example measurement, VREF cap=1000µF, Meas. Unit = AP2C; I/F = Optical,
Parameter Input signal Measurement filter Results
fs 48kHz
BW 20kHz
S/(N+D) 1kHz, -1dB - 111.1
DR 1kHz, -60dB A-weighted 121.6
S/N No signal A-weighted 121.4
[dB]

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 11 -
Plots
Measurement unit : Audio Precision, System two, Cascade (fs=48kHz,96kHz),
ROHDE & SCHWARZ, UPD04 (fs=192kHz), VREF cap = 10µF
1. AP2C
(FFT : BW=fs/2, point=16384)
1-1. fs=48kHz
Figure 1-1-1. FFT (1kHz, –1dB input)
Figure 1-1-2. FFT (1kHz, –60dB input)
Figure 1-1-3. FFT (off the input)
Figure 1-1-4. THD+N vs Input Frequency (-1dB input)
Figure 1-1-5. THD+N vs Input Level (1kHz input)
Figure 1-1-6. Linearity (fin=1kHz)
Figure 1-1-7. Frequency Response (-1dB input)
Figure 1-1-8. Cross-talk (-1dB input)
1-2. fs=96kHz
Figure 1-2-1. FFT (1kHz, –1dB input)
Figure 1-2-2. FFT (1kHz, –60dB input)
Figure 1-2-3. FFT (off the input)
Figure 1-2-4. THD+N vs Input Frequency (-1dB input)
Figure 1-2-5. THD+N vs Input Level (1kHz input)
Figure 1-2-6. Linearity (fin=1kHz)
Figure 1-2-7. Frequency Response (-1dB input)
Figure 1-2-8. Cross-talk (-1dB input)
2. R&S
(FFT : BW=fs/2, point=8192)
2-1. fs=192kHz
Figure 2-1-1. FFT (1kHz, –1dB input)
Figure 2-1-2. FFT (1kHz, –60dB input)
Figure 2-1-3. FFT (off the input)
Figure 2-1-4. THD+N vs Input Frequency (-1dB input)
Figure 2-1-5. THD+N vs Input Level (1kHz input)
Figure 2-1-6. Linearity (fin=1kHz)
Figure 2-1-7. Frequency Response (-1dB input)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 12 -
1. AP2C
1-1. fs=48kHz
AKM FFT plot(AK5394 Rev.B fs=48kHz, -1dB)
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
-180
+0
-170
-160
-150
-140
-130
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-1-1. FFT (1kHz, –1dB input)
AKM FFT plot(AK5394 Rev.B fs=48kHz, -60dB)
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
-180
+0
-170
-160
-150
-140
-130
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-1-2. FFT (1kHz, –60dB input)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 13 -
AKM FFT plot(AK5394 Rev.B fs=48kHz)
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
-180
+0
-170
-160
-150
-140
-130
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-1-3. FFT (off the input)
AKM AK5394 Rev.B THD+N vs Frequency
AV=5V, DV=3.3V
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
-150
+0
-140
-130
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-1-4. THD+N vs Input Frequency (-1dB input)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 14 -
AKM AK5394 Rev.B THD+N vs Input Level
AV=5V, DV=3.3V
-150 +0-140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10
dBr
-150
-90
-145
-140
-135
-130
-125
-120
-115
-110
-105
-100
-95
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-1-5. THD+N vs Input Level (1kHz input)
AKM 02/23/01 15:08:56AK5394 Rev.A Linearity
AV=5V, DV=3.3V
-150 +0-140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10
dBr
-150
+0
-140
-130
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-1-6. Linearity (fin=1kHz)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
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AKM AK5394 Rev.B Frequency Response
AV=5V, DV=3.3V
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
-1.1
-0.9
-1.08
-1.06
-1.04
-1.02
-1
-0.98
-0.96
-0.94
-0.92
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-1-7. Frequency Response (-1dB input)
AKM AK5394 Rev.A Crosstalk(Upper@20Hz: R-->Lch, Lower@20Hz:Lch-->Rch
AV=5V, DV=3.3V
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
-180
-100
-175
-170
-165
-160
-155
-150
-145
-140
-135
-130
-125
-120
-115
-110
-105
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-1-8. Cross-talk (-1dB input)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 16 -
1-2. fs=96kHz
AKM FFT plot(AK5394 Rev.A fs=96kHz)
20 40k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k
Hz
-180
+0
-160
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-2-1. FFT (1kHz, –1dB input)
AKM FFT plot(AK5394 Rev.A fs=96kHz)
20 40k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k
Hz
-180
+0
-160
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-2-2. FFT (1kHz, –60dB input)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 17 -
AKM FFT plot(AK5394 Rev.A fs=96kHz)
20 40k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k
Hz
-180
+0
-160
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-2-3. FFT (1kHz, –60dB input)
AKM AK5394 Rev.A THD+N vs Frequency, fs=96k
AV=5V, DV=3.3V
20 40k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k
Hz
-130
-60
-125
-120
-115
-110
-105
-100
-95
-90
-85
-80
-75
-70
-65
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-2-4. FFT (off the input)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
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AKM AK5394 Rev.B THD+N vs Input Level, fs=96k
AV=5V, DV=3.3V
-150 +0-140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10
dBr
-150
-90
-145
-140
-135
-130
-125
-120
-115
-110
-105
-100
-95
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-2-5. THD+N vs Input Level (1kHz input)
AKM 02/23/01 15:38:31AK5394 Rev.B Linearity
AV=5V, DV=3.3V
-150 +0-140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10
dBr
-150
+0
-140
-130
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-2-6. Linearity (fin=1kHz)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
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AKM AK5394 Rev.B Frequency Response, fs=96k
AV=5V, DV=3.3V
20 40k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k
Hz
-1.1
-0.9
-1.08
-1.06
-1.04
-1.02
-1
-0.98
-0.96
-0.94
-0.92
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-2-7. Frequency Response (-1dB input)
AKM AK5394 Rev.B Crosstalk(Upper@100Hz: R-->Lch, Lower@100Hz:Lch-->Rch
AV=5V, DV=3.3V
20 40k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k
Hz
-180
-100
-175
-170
-165
-160
-155
-150
-145
-140
-135
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-125
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-105
d
B
F
S
Figure 1-2-8. Cross-talk (-1dB input)

ASAHI KASEI [AKD5394A]
<KM064804> 2005/05
- 20 -
2-3. fs=192kHz
Figure 2-1-1. FFT (1kHz, –1dB input)
Figure 2-1-2. FFT (1kHz, –60dB input)