Cisco SIP IP Phone Service manual

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Cisco SIP IP Phone Administrator Guide
Version 4.0
August 2002

THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL
STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT
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OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY.
The following information is for FCC compliance of Class A devices: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant
to part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial
environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be required
to correct the interference at their own expense.
The following information is for FCC compliance of Class B devices: The equipment described in this manual generates and may radiate radio-frequency energy. If it is not
installed in accordance with Cisco’s installation instructions, it may cause interference with radio and television reception. This equipment has been tested and found to
comply with the limits for a Class B digital device in accordance with the specifications in part 15 of the FCC rules. These specifications are designed to provide reasonable
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Modifying the equipment without Cisco’s written authorization may result in the equipment no longer complying with FCC requirements for Class A or Class B digital
devices. In that event, your right to use the equipment may be limited by FCC regulations, and you may be required to correct any interference to radio or television
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You can determine whether your equipment is causing interference by turning it off. If the interference stops, it was probably caused by the Cisco equipment or one of its
peripheral devices. If the equipment causes interference to radio or television reception, try to correct the interference by using one or more of the following measures:
• Turn the television or radio antenna until the interference stops.
• Move the equipment to one side or the other of the television or radio.
• Move the equipment farther away from the television or radio.
• Plug the equipment into an outlet that is on a different circuit from the television or radio. (That is, make certain the equipment and the television or radio are on circuits
controlled by different circuit breakers or fuses.)
Modifications to this product not authorized by Cisco Systems, Inc. could void the FCC approval and negate your authority to operate the product.
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Cisco SIP IP Phone Administrator Guide
Copyright © 2001-2002, Cisco Systems, Inc.
All rights reserved.
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between Cisco and any other company. (0201R)

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Cisco SIP IP Phone Administrator Guide
CONTENTS
Preface vii
Overview vii
Who Should Use This Guide vii
Objectives viii
Document Organization viii
Related Documentation viii
Document Conventions ix
Obtaining Documentation xi
World Wide Web xi
Documentation CD-ROM xi
Ordering Documentation xi
Documentation Feedback xi
Obtaining Technical Assistance xii
Cisco.com xii
Technical Assistance Center xii
Cisco TAC Web Site xiii
Cisco TAC Escalation Center xiii
CHAPTER 1Product Overview 1-1
What Is Session Initiation Protocol? 1-1
Components of SIP 1-2
SIP Clients 1-3
SIP Servers 1-3
What Is the Cisco SIP IP Phone? 1-3
BTXML Support 1-5
Cisco CallManagerXML Support 1-5
Supported Features 1-6
Physical Features 1-6
Network Features 1-6
Configuration Features 1-7
Codec and Protocol Support 1-7
Dialing and Messaging Features 1-7
CallOptions 1-8
Routing and Proxy Features 1-8

Contents
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CharacterSupport 1-10
Supported Protocols 1-11
Prerequisites 1-12
Cisco SIP IP Phone Connections 1-12
Connecting to the Network 1-13
Network Port (10/100 SW) 1-13
Access Port (10/100 PC) 1-13
Connecting to Power 1-13
Using a Headset 1-14
The Cisco SIP IP Phone with a Catalyst Switch 1-14
CHAPTER 2Getting Started with Your Cisco SIP IP Phone 2-1
Initialization Process Overview 2-1
Installing the Cisco SIP IP Phone 2-2
Installation Task Summary 2-2
Downloading Files to YourTFTP Server 2-3
Configuring SIP Parameters 2-3
Configuring SIP Parameters via a TFTP Server 2-4
Manually Configuring the SIP Parameters 2-7
Configuring Network Parameters 2-9
Configuring Network Parameters via a DHCP Server 2-10
Manually Configuring the Network Parameters 2-10
Connecting the Phone 2-11
Adjusting the Placementof the Cisco SIP Phone 2-12
Verifying Startup 2-14
Using the Cisco SIP IP Phone Menu Interface 2-15
Reading the Cisco SIP IP Phone Icons 2-15
Customizing the Cisco SIP IP Phone Ring Types 2-17
Creating Dial Plans 2-17
CHAPTER 3Managing Cisco SIP IP Phones 3-1
Changing Your Configuration 3-1
Modifying the Phone’s Network Settings 3-2
Entering Configuration Mode 3-2
Unlocking Configuration Mode 3-2
Locking Configuration Mode 3-2
Changing the Network Settings 3-2
Modifying the Phone’s SIP Settings 3-5

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Modifying SIP Parameters via a TFTP Server 3-8
Modifying the Default SIP Configuration File 3-8
Modifying the Phone-Specific SIP Configuration File 3-23
Modifying the SIP Parameters Directly on Your Phone 3-26
Using the Command-Line Interface 3-30
Setting the Date,Time, and Daylight Saving Time 3-36
Erasing the Locally Defined Settings 3-41
Erasing the Locally Defined Network Settings 3-41
Erasing the Locally Defined SIP Settings 3-42
Accessing Status Information 3-42
Viewing Status Messages 3-43
Viewing Network Statistics 3-43
Viewing the Firmware Version 3-44
Upgrading the Cisco SIP IP Phone Firmware 3-44
Upgrading from Release 2.2 or Later Releases to Release 4.0 3-45
Upgrading from Release 2.1 or Earlier Releases to Release 4.0 3-45
Dual Booting from SCCP or MGCP to Release 4.0 3-46
Performing an Image Upgrade and Remote Reboot 3-46
APPENDIX ASIP Compliance with RFC 3261 Information A-1
SIP Functions A-1
SIP Methods A-2
SIP Responses A-2
1xxResponse—InformationResponses A-2
2xx Response—Successful Responses A-3
3xx Response—Redirection Responses A-3
4xx Response—Request Failure Responses A-4
5xx Response—Server Failure Responses A-6
6xx Response—Global Responses A-7
SIP Header Fields A-7
SIP Session Description Protocol (SDP) Usage A-8
Transport Layer Protocols A-9
SIP Security A-9
Authentication A-9
SIP DNS Records Usage A-9
SIP DTMF Digit Transport A-9

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APPENDIX BSIP Call Flows B-1
Call Flow Scenarios for Successful Calls B-1
Gateway-to Cisco SIP IP Phone—Successful Call Setup and Disconnect B-2
Gateway-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone—Successful Call Setup and Call Hold B-4
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone Simple Call Hold B-6
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone Call Hold with Consultation B-9
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone CallWaiting B-13
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone CallTransfer Without Consultation B-17
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone CallTransfer Without Consultation Using Failover to
Bye/Also B-21
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone CallTransfer with Consultation B-25
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone CallTransfer with Consultation Using Failoverto
Bye/Also B-30
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone Network Call Forwarding (Unconditional) B-35
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone Network Call Forwarding (Busy) B-37
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone Network Call Forwarding (No Answer) B-39
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to Cisco SIP IP Phone Three-Way Calling B-42
Call Flow Scenarios for Failed Calls B-46
Gateway-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone—Called User Is Busy B-46
Gateway-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone—Called User Does Not Answer B-48
Gateway-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone—Client, Server,or Global Error B-50
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone—Called User Is Busy B-51
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone—Called User Does NotAnswer B-52
Cisco SIP IP Phone-to-Cisco SIP IP Phone—Authentication Error B-53
Call from a Cisco SIP IP Phone to a Gateway Acting as a Backup Proxy B-54
Call from a Cisco SIP IP Phone to a Cisco SIP IP Phone via a Backup Proxy B-56
Call from a Cisco SIP IP Phone to a Gateway Acting as an Emergency Proxy B-59
Call from a Cisco SIP IP Phone to a Cisco SIP IP Phone via Emergency Proxy B-60
APPENDIX CTechnical Specifications C-1
Physical and Operating Environment Specifications C-1
Cable Specifications C-2
Regulatory Safety Compliance C-2
Connections Specifications C-3
APPENDIX DTranslated Safety Warnings D-1
Installation Warning D-1
Product Disposal Warning D-1
Lightning Activity Warning D-2

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SELV Circuit Warning D-2
Circuit Breaker (15A) Warning D-3
G LOSSARY
I NDEX

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Cisco SIP IP Phone Administrator Guide
Preface
This document describes the Cisco SIP IP phone. This chapter describes the objectives and organization
of the document and explains how to find additional information on related products and services.
This chapter contains the following sections:
•Overview, page vii
•Who Should Use This Guide, page vii
•Objectives, page viii
•Document Organization, page viii
•Related Documentation, page viii
•Document Conventions, page ix
•Obtaining Documentation, page xi
•Obtaining Technical Assistance, page xii
Overview
The Cisco SIP IP Phone Administrator Guide provides information about how to set up, connect cables
to, and configure a Cisco Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) IP phone 7940 or 7960 (hereafter referred to
as a Cisco SIP IP phone). It also provides information on how to configure the network and SIP settings
and change the settings and options of the Cisco SIP IP phone. The administrator guide also includes
reference information such as Cisco SIP IP phone call flows and compliance information.
Who Should Use This Guide
Network engineers, system administrators, or telecommunications engineers should use this guide to
learn the steps required to properly set up the Cisco SIP IP phone on the network.
The tasks described are considered to be administration-level tasks and are not intended for the end users
of the phones. Many of the tasks involve configuring network settings that could affect the phone’s
ability to function in the network and require an understanding of IP networking and telephony concepts.

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Preface
Objectives
Objectives
The Cisco SIP IP Phone Administrator Guide provides necessary information to get the Cisco SIP IP
phone operational in a Voice-over-IP (VoIP) network.
It is not the intent of this administrator guide to provide information on how to implement a SIP VoIP
network. For information on implementing a SIP VoIP network, refer to the documents listed in the
“Related Documentation”section on page viii.
Document Organization
Table 1 lists the chapters and appendixes in this document:
Related Documentation
The following is a list of related Cisco SIP VoIP publications. For more information about implementing
a SIP VoIP network, refer to the following publications:
•Session Initiation Protocol Gateway Call Flows
•Cisco IP Phone 7960 and 7940 Series At a Glance
•Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information for the Cisco IP Phone 7960, 7940, and 7910 Series
•Installing the Wall Mount Kit for the Cisco IP Phone
Table 1 Document Organization
Section Title Description
Chapter 1 Product Overview Describes SIP and the Cisco SIP IP phone.
Chapter 2 Getting Started with Your Cisco SIP IP Phone Describes how to install, connect, and configure the
Cisco SIP IP phone.
Chapter 3 Managing Cisco SIP IP Phones Describes how to modify the Cisco SIP IP phone’s
network and SIP settings, how to access network and
call status information, and how to upgrade the
firmware.
Appendix A SIP Compliance with RFC 3261 Information Provides reference information about the SIP IP phone
compliance to RFC 3261.
Appendix B SIP Call Flows Provides reference information about the SIP IP phone
call flows.
Appendix C Technical Specifications Lists the physical and operating environment
specifications, cable specifications, and connection
specifications
Appendix D Translated Safety Warnings Lists translated safety warnings that should be
followed when installing an electrical device such as
the SIP IP phone.

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Preface Document Conventions
The following is a list of Cisco VoIP publications that provide information about implementing a VoIP
network:
•Cisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Configuration Guide, Release 12.2
•Cisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Command Reference, Release 12.2
•Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide, Release 12.2
•Cisco IOS IP Command Reference, Volume 1 of 3: Addressing and Services, Release 12.2
•Cisco IOS IP Command Reference, Volume 2 of 3: Routing Protocols, Release 12.2
•Cisco IOS IP Command Reference, Volume 3 of 3: Multicast, Release 12.2
Document Conventions
This document uses the following conventions:
•Commands and keywords are in boldface font.
•Arguments for which you supply values are in italic font.
•Elements in square brackets ([ ]) are optional.
•Alternative keywords are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars (for example, { x| y| z}).
•Optional alternative keywords are grouped in brackets and separated by vertical bars (for example,
[ x| y| z]).
•Terminal sessions and information the system displays are in screen font.
•Information you must enter is in boldface screen font.
Note Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to material not covered in the
publication.
Caution Means reader be careful. In this situation, you might do something that could result in equipment
damage or loss of data.
Warning This warning symbol means danger. You arein a situation that couldcause bodily injury. Beforeyou
work on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar
with standard practices for preventing accidents. (To see translations of the warnings that appear
in this publication, refer to the appendix, “Translated Safety Warnings.”)
Waarschuwing
Dit waarschuwingssymbool betekent gevaar. U verkeert in een situatie die lichamelijk letsel
kan veroorzaken. Voordat u aan enige apparatuur gaat werken, dient u zich bewust te zijn van
de bij elektrische schakelingen betrokken risico’s en dient u opde hoogte te zijn van standaard
maatregelen om ongelukken te voorkomen. (Voor vertalingen van de waarschuwingen die in
deze publicatie verschijnen, kunt u het aanhangsel “Translated Safety Warnings” (Vertalingen
van veiligheidsvoorschriften) raadplegen.)

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Preface
Document Conventions
Varoitus
Tämä varoitusmerkki merkitsee vaaraa. Olet tilanteessa, joka voi johtaa ruumiinvammaan.
Ennen kuin työskentelet minkään laitteiston parissa, ota selvää sähkökytkentöihin liittyvistä
vaaroista ja tavanomaisista onnettomuuksien ehkäisykeinoista. (Tässä julkaisussa esiintyvien
varoitusten käännökset löydät liitteestä "Translated Safety Warnings" (käännetyt turvallisuutta
koskevat varoitukset).)
Attention
Ce symbole d’avertissement indique un danger. Vous vous trouvez dans une situation pouvant
entraîner des blessures. Avant d’accéder àcet équipement, soyez conscient desdangers posés
par les circuits électriques et familiarisez-vous avec les procédures courantes de prévention
des accidents. Pour obtenir les traductions des mises en garde figurant dans cette publication,
veuillez consulter l’annexe intitulée « Translated Safety Warnings » (Traduction des avis de
sécurité).
Warnung
Dieses Warnsymbol bedeutet Gefahr. Sie befinden sich in einer Situation, die zu einer
Körperverletzungführenkönnte.BevorSiemit derArbeitanirgendeinemGerät beginnen,seien
Sie sich der mit elektrischen Stromkreisen verbundenen Gefahren und der Standardpraktiken
zur Vermeidung von Unfällen bewußt. (Übersetzungen der in dieser Veröffentlichung
enthaltenen Warnhinweise finden Sie im Anhang mit dem Titel “Translated Safety Warnings”
(Übersetzung der Warnhinweise).)
Avvertenza
Questo simbolo di avvertenza indica un pericolo. Si è in una situazione che può causare
infortuni. Prima di lavorare su qualsiasi apparecchiatura, occorre conoscere i pericoli relativi
aicircuiti elettrici edessereal correntedellepratichestandardperlaprevenzione diincidenti.
La traduzione delle avvertenze riportate in questa pubblicazione si trova nell’appendice,
“Translated Safety Warnings” (Traduzione delle avvertenze di sicurezza).
Advarsel
Dette varselsymbolet betyr fare. Du befinner deg i en situasjon som kan føre til personskade.
Før du utfører arbeid på utstyr, må du være oppmerksom på de faremomentene som elektriske
kretser innebærer, samt gjøre deg kjent med vanlig praksis når det gjelder å unngå ulykker.
(Hvis du vil se oversettelser av de advarslene som finnes i denne publikasjonen, kan du se i
vedlegget "Translated Safety Warnings" [Oversatte sikkerhetsadvarsler].)
Aviso
Este símbolo de aviso indica perigo. Encontra-se numa situação que lhe poderá causar danos
fisicos. Antes de começar a trabalhar com qualquer equipamento, familiarize-se com os
perigos relacionados com circuitos eléctricos, e com quaisquer práticas comuns que possam
prevenir possíveis acidentes. (Para veras traduções dos avisos queconstam desta publicação,
consulte o apêndice “Translated Safety Warnings” - “Traduções dos Avisos de Segurança”).
Advertencia
Este símbolo de aviso significa peligro. Existe riesgo para su integridad física. Antes de
manipular cualquier equipo, considerar los riesgos que entraña la corriente eléctrica y
familiarizarse con los procedimientos estándar de prevención de accidentes. (Para ver
traducciones de las advertencias que aparecen en esta publicación, consultar el apéndice
titulado “Translated Safety Warnings.”)
Varning!
Denna varningssymbol signalerar fara. Du befinner dig i en situation som kan leda till
personskada. Innan du utför arbete på någon utrustning måste du vara medveten om farorna
med elkretsar och känna till vanligt förfarande för att förebygga skador. (Se förklaringar av de
varningar som förekommer i denna publikation i appendix "Translated Safety Warnings"
[Översatta säkerhetsvarningar].)

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Preface Obtaining Documentation
Obtaining Documentation
The following sections explain how to obtain documentation from Cisco Systems.
World Wide Web
You can access the most current Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com
Translated documentation is available at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/public/countries_languages.shtml
Documentation CD-ROM
Cisco documentation and additional literature are available in a Cisco Documentation CD-ROM
package, which is shipped with your product. The Documentation CD-ROM is updated monthly and may
be more current than printed documentation. The CD-ROM package is available as a single unit or
through an annual subscription.
Ordering Documentation
Cisco documentation is available in the following ways:
•Registered Cisco Direct Customers can order Cisco product documentation from the Networking
Products MarketPlace:
http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/order/order_root.pl
•Registered Cisco.com users can order the Documentation CD-ROM through the online Subscription
Store:
http://www.cisco.com/go/subscription
•Nonregistered Cisco.com users can order documentation through a local account representative by
calling Cisco corporate headquarters (California, USA) at 408 526-7208 or, elsewhere in North
America, by calling 800 553-NETS (6387).
Documentation Feedback
If you are reading Cisco product documentation on Cisco.com, you can submit technical comments
electronically. Click Leave Feedback at the bottom of the Cisco Documentation home page. After you
complete the form, print it out and fax it to Cisco at 408 527-0730.
You can e-mail your comments to [e-mail].

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Preface
Obtaining Technical Assistance
To submit your comments by mail, use the response card behind the front cover of your document, or
write to the following address:
Cisco Systems
Attn: Document Resource Connection
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-9883
We appreciate your comments.
Obtaining Technical Assistance
Cisco provides Cisco.com as a starting point for all technical assistance. Customers and partners can
obtain documentation, troubleshooting tips, and sample configurations from online tools by using the
Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC) Web Site. Cisco.com registered users have complete access to
the technical support resources on the Cisco TAC Web Site.
Cisco.com
Cisco.com is the foundation of a suite of interactive, networked services that provides immediate, open
access to Cisco information, networking solutions, services, programs, and resources at any time, from
anywhere in the world.
Cisco.com is a highly integrated Internet application and a powerful, easy-to-use tool that provides a
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You can self-register on Cisco.com to obtain customized information and service. To access Cisco.com,
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Technical Assistance Center
The Cisco TAC is available to all customers who need technical assistance with a Cisco product,
technology, or solution. Two types of support are available through the Cisco TAC: the Cisco TAC
Web Site and the Cisco TAC Escalation Center.
Inquiries to Cisco TAC are categorized according to the urgency of the issue:
•Priority level 4 (P4)—You need information or assistance concerning Cisco product capabilities,
product installation, or basic product configuration.
•Priority level 3 (P3)—Your network performance is degraded. Network functionality is noticeably
impaired, but most business operations continue.
•Priority level 2 (P2)—Your production network is severely degraded, affecting significant aspects
of business operations. No workaround is available.

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Preface Obtaining Technical Assistance
•Priority level 1 (P1)—Your production network is down, and a critical impact to business operations
will occur if service is not restored quickly. No workaround is available.
Which Cisco TAC resource you choose is based on the priority of the problem and the conditions of
service contracts, when applicable.
Cisco TAC Web Site
The Cisco TAC Web Site allows you to resolve P3 and P4 issues yourself, saving both cost and time. The
site provides around-the-clock access to online tools, knowledge bases, and software. To access the
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All customers, partners, and resellers who have a valid Cisco services contract have complete access to
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If you cannot resolve your technical issues by using the Cisco TAC Web Site, and you are a Cisco.com
registered user, you can open a case online by using the TAC Case Open tool at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/tac/caseopen
If you have Internet access, it is recommended that you open P3 and P4 cases through the Cisco TAC
Web Site.
Cisco TAC Escalation Center
The Cisco TAC Escalation Center addresses issues that are classified as priority level 1 or priority
level 2; these classifications are assigned when severe network degradation significantly impacts
business operations. When you contact the TAC Escalation Centerwith a P1 or P2 problem, a Cisco TAC
engineer will automatically open a case.
To obtain a directory of toll-free Cisco TAC telephone numbers for your country, go to the following
URL:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/687/Directory/DirTAC.shtml
Before calling, please check with your network operations center to determine the level of Cisco support
services to which your company is entitled; for example, SMARTnet, SMARTnet Onsite, or Network
Supported Accounts (NSA). In addition, please have available your service agreement number and your
product serial number.

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Obtaining Technical Assistance

CHAPTER
1-1
Cisco SIP IP PhoneAdministrator Guide
1
Product Overview
This chapter contains the following information about the Cisco SIP IP phone:
•What Is Session Initiation Protocol?, page 1-1
•What Is the Cisco SIP IP Phone?, page 1-3
•Prerequisites, page 1-12
•Cisco SIP IP Phone Connections, page 1-12
•The Cisco SIP IP Phone with a Catalyst Switch, page 1-14
What Is Session Initiation Protocol?
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is the Internet Engineering Task Force’s (IETF’s) standard for
multimedia conferencing over IP. SIP is an ASCII-based, application-layer control protocol (defined in
RFC 3261) that can be used to establish, maintain, and terminate calls between two or more endpoints.
Like other VoIP protocols, SIP is designed to address the functions of signaling and session management
within a packet telephony network. Signaling allows call information to be carried across network
boundaries. Session management provides the ability to control the attributes of an end-to-end call.
SIP provides the capabilities to:
•Determine the location of the target endpoint—SIP supports address resolution, name mapping, and
call redirection.
•Determine the media capabilities of the target endpoint—Via Session Description Protocol (SDP),
SIP determines the “lowest level”of common services between the endpoints. Conferences are
established using only the media capabilities that can be supported by all endpoints.
•Determine the availability of the target endpoint—If a call cannot be completed because the target
endpoint is unavailable, SIP determines whether the called party is already on the phone or did not
answer in the allotted number of rings. It then returns a message indicating why the target endpoint
was unavailable.
•Establish a session between the originating and target endpoint—If the call can be completed, SIP
establishes a session between the endpoints. SIP also supports mid-call changes, such as the addition
of another endpoint to the conference or the changing of a media characteristic or codec.
•Handle the transfer and termination of calls—SIP supports the transfer of calls from one endpoint
to another. During a call transfer, SIP simply establishes a session between the transferee and a new
endpoint (specified by the transferring party) and terminates the session between the transferee and
the transferring party. At the end of a call, SIP terminates the sessions between all parties.

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Chapter 1 Product Overview
What Is Session Initiation Protocol?
Conferences can consist of two or more users and can be established using multicast or multiple unicast
sessions.
Note The term conference means an established session (or call) between two or more endpoints. In this
document, the terms conference and call are used interchangeably.
Components of SIP
SIP is a peer-to-peer protocol. The peers in a session are called user agents (UAs). A user agent can
function in one of the following roles:
•User agent client (UAC)—A client application that initiates the SIP request.
•User agent server (UAS)—A server application that contacts the user when a SIP request is received
and that returns a response on behalf of the user.
Typically, a SIP endpoint is capable of functioning as both a UAC and a UAS, but functions only as one
or the other per transaction. Whether the endpoint functions as a UAC or a UAS depends on the UA that
initiated the request.
From an architecture standpoint, the physical components of a SIP network can also be grouped into two
categories: clients and servers. Figure 1-1 illustrates the architecture of a SIP network.
Note In addition, the SIP servers can interact with other application services, such as Lightweght Directory
Access Protocol (LDAP) servers, a database application, or an eXtensible Markup Language (XML)
application. These application services provide back-end services such as directory, authentication, and
billing services.
Figure 1-1 SIP Architecture
IP
SIP User
Agents (UA)
RTP
SIP
SIP Proxy and
Redirect Servers
SIP Gateway
PSTN
Legacy PBX
SIP SIP
42870

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Chapter 1 Product Overview What Is the Cisco SIP IP Phone?
SIP Clients
SIP clients include:
•Phones—Can act as either a UAS or UAC. Softphones (PCs that have phone capabilities installed)
and Cisco SIP IP phones can initiate SIP requests and respond to requests.
•Gateways—Provide call control. Gateways provide many services, the most common being a
translation function between SIP conferencing endpoints and other terminal types. This function
includes translation between transmission formats and between communications procedures. In
addition, the gateway also translates between audio and video codecs and performs call setup and
clearing on both the LAN side and the switched-circuit network side.
SIP Servers
SIP servers include:
•Proxy server—The proxy server is an intermediate device that receives SIP requests from a client
and then forwards the requests on the client’s behalf. Basically, proxy servers receive SIP messages
and forward them to the next SIP server in the network. Proxy servers can provide functions such as
authentication, authorization, network access control, routing, reliable request retransmission, and
security.
•Redirect server—Receives SIP requests, strips out the address in the request, checks its address
tables for any other addresses that may be mapped to the one in the request, and then returns the
results of the address mapping to the client. Basically, redirect servers provide the client with
information about the next hop or hops that a message should take and then the client contacts the
next hop server or UAS directly.
•Registrar server—Processes requests from UACs for registration of their current location. Registrar
servers are often co-located with a redirect or proxy server.
What Is the CiscoSIP IP Phone?
Cisco SIP IP phones are full-featured telephones that can be plugged directly into an IP network and can
be used very much like a standard private branch exchange (PBX) telephone. The Cisco SIP IP phone is
an IP telephony instrument that can be used in VoIP networks.
The Cisco SIP IP phone model terminals can attach to the existing data network infrastructure, via
10BASE-T/100BASE-T interfaces on an Ethernet switch. When used with a voice-capable Ethernet
switch (one that understands type of service [ToS] bits and can prioritize VoIP traffic), the phones
eliminate the need for a traditional proprietary telephone set and key system and PBX.
The Cisco SIP IP phone complies with RFC 3261, as listed in Appendix A, “SIP Compliance with RFC
3261 Information”.
Figure 1-2 illustrates physical features of the Cisco SIP IP phone.

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Figure 1-2 Cisco SIP IP Phone Physical Features
•LCD screen—Desktop, which displays information about your Cisco SIP IP phone, such as the
time, date, your phone number, caller ID, line and call status and the soft key tabs.
•Line or speed-dial buttons—Opens a new line or speed dials the number on the LCD screen.
•Footstand adjustment—Adjusts the angle of the phone base.
•Soft keys—Activate the feature described by the text message directly above on the LCD screen.
•Information (i) button—Provides online help for selected keys or features and network statistics
about the active call. Displays a descriptor of the key directly after pressing the i button. For
example, pressing the ibutton, then up or down displays a screen instructing you how to scroll up
and down on the LCD.
•On-screen mode buttons—Retrieves information about current settings, recent calls, available
services, and voice-mail messages.
•Volume buttons—Adjust the volume of the handset, headset, speaker, and ringer and adjust the
brightness contrast settings on the LCD screen.
•Function toggles—Includes these options:
– Headset and speaker—Toggles these functions enabling you to answer the phone using a
headset or speakerphone.
– Mute—Stops or resumes voice transmission.
•Scroll key—Enables you to move among different soft key options displayed on LCD screen.
•Dialing pad—Press the dial-pad buttons to dial a phone number. Dial-pad buttons work exactly like
those on your existing telephone.
•Handset—Lift the handset and press the dial-pad numbers to place a call, review voice-mail
messages, and answer a call.
Handset Dialing
pad Scroll
key Function
toggles
On-screen
mode buttons
ibutton
Soft keys
LCD Line or speed dial
buttons
38007
Footstand
adjustment
Volume
buttons