Dragino LG01N User manual

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LG01N/OLG01N LoRa Gateway User Manual
Document Version: 1.4.0
Firmware Version: lgw--build-v5.4.1607519907-20201209-2120
Version
Description
Date
1.0
Release
2018-Dec-28
1.1
Add Customized Script Feature
(firmware ver >LG02_LG08--build-v5.1.1547896817-20190119-1921)
2019-Jan-19
1.2
--Add Downlink support and example.
(firmware ver >LG02_LG08--build-v5.1.1548820215-20190130-1151)
--Correct typo for the UNO code of example for lg02_single_rx_tx
2019-Jan-30
1.2.1
-- Add OLG01 connector photo
-- Add how to control LEDs
-- Modify MQTT instruction
2019-Jun-19
1.2.2
--Add photo for OLG01 4G installation
2019-Nov-1
1.2.3
-- Change the HTTP Port and SSH port for firmware version > v5.3
2019-Nov-26
1.3.0
-- Add more features, remote access
2020-Mar-02
1.3.1
-- Add contents for access to the device
2020-Mar-16
1.3.2
-- Add TTN Server notice
1.4.0
-- Change to New UI manual
2020-Dec-23

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1. Introduction..............................................................................................................................5
1.1 What is LG01N & OLG01N ..........................................................................................................5
1.2 Specifications..............................................................................................................................6
1.3 Features......................................................................................................................................8
1.4 System Structure ........................................................................................................................8
1.5 Applications................................................................................................................................9
1.6 Hardware Variants ...................................................................................................................10
1.7 Interfaces..................................................................................................................................10
1.8 Install SIM card in 4G module...................................................................................................11
1.9 Firmware Change log ...............................................................................................................12
2. Access and configure LG01N ...................................................................................................13
2.1 Find IP address of LG01N..........................................................................................................13
2.1.1 Connect via WiFi .............................................................................................................13
2.1.2 Connect via WAN port with DHCP IP from router...........................................................13
2.1.3 Connect via LAN port with direct connection from PC ...................................................14
2.1.4 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ...................................................................14
2.1.5 Connect via LAN port by fall back ip ...............................................................................14
2.2 Access Configure Web UI..........................................................................................................15
3. Typical Network Setup............................................................................................................16
3.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................16
3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet..............................................................................................16
3.3 Access Internet as a WiFi Client................................................................................................17
3.4 Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ..............................................................................18
3.5 Check Internet connection........................................................................................................19
4. Example 1: Manually send / receive LoRa packets ..................................................................20
4.1 Use pkt_fwd to receive.............................................................................................................20
4.2 Use pkt_fwd to transmit...........................................................................................................20
5. Example 2: MQTT Transfer Mode............................................................................................22
6. Example 3: TCP IP Client Mode................................................................................................23
7. Example 4: Write a customized script......................................................................................23

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8. Example 5: Communicate to a HTTP server .............................................................................26
8.1 Test uplink and downlink via Linux command ..........................................................................26
8.2 Test uplink and downlink in LoRa .............................................................................................28
8.2.1 Set up on gateway...........................................................................................................28
9. Example 6: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway – Limited LoRaWAN mode...............................29
10. More features ....................................................................................................................30
10.1 Remote Access.....................................................................................................................30
10.2 More instructions ................................................................................................................30
11. Linux System ......................................................................................................................30
11.1 SSH Access for Linux console................................................................................................30
11.2 Edit and Transfer files ..........................................................................................................32
11.3 File System ...........................................................................................................................32
11.4 Package maintain system ....................................................................................................34
12. Upgrade Linux Firmware ....................................................................................................35
12.1 Upgrade via Web UI.............................................................................................................35
12.2 Upgrade via Linux console...................................................................................................35
13. FAQ ....................................................................................................................................36
13.1 Why there is 433/868/915 version LoRa part?....................................................................36
13.2 What is the frequency range of LG01N LoRa part? .............................................................36
13.3 What does “Limited support on LoRaWAN”? ......................................................................36
13.4 Can I develop my own LoRa protocol and other software for LG01N? ................................37
13.5 Can I make my own firmware for LG01N? Where can I find the source code of LG01N? ....37
13.6 On OTAA mode, if I use the other frequency, how should I modify in the library?...............37
13.7 How can I reset the device to factory default? ....................................................................38
13.8 Can I control the LEDs? ........................................................................................................39
14. Trouble Shooting ................................................................................................................39
14.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ....................................................39
14.2 How to recover the LG01N if firmware crash.......................................................................40
14.3 I configured LG01N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ..................................41

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15. Order Info...........................................................................................................................42
16. Packing Info........................................................................................................................42
17. Support ..............................................................................................................................42
18. Reference...........................................................................................................................43

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1. Introduction
1.1 What is LG01N & OLG01N
LG01N & OLG01N are an open-source single channel LoRa Gateway. It lets you bridge LoRa
wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet or optional 3G/4G cellular network. The
LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It
provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity.
LG01N & OLG01N have rich internet connection method such as WiFi interface, Ethernet port
and optional 3G/4G Cellular. These interfaces provide flexible methods for users to connect their
sensor networks to Internet.
LG01N can be used to provide a low cost IoT wireless solution to support 10~100 sensor nodes.
LG01N can support multiply working mode such as: MQTT mode, TCP/IP Client mode to fit
different requirement for IoT connection.
LG01N in an IoT Network

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1.2 Specifications
Hardware System:
Linux Part:
➢400Mhz ar9331 processor
➢64MB RAM
➢16MB Flash
Interface:
➢10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 2
➢WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
➢LoRa Wireless
➢Power Input: 12V DC
➢USB 2.0 host connector x 1
➢USB 2.0 host internal interface x 1
➢1 x LoRa Interfaces
WiFi Spec:
➢IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
➢Frequency Band: 2.4 ~ 2.462GHz
➢Tx power:
✓11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
✓11b tx power: 18db
✓11g 54M tx power: 12db
✓11g 6M tx power: 18db
➢WiFi Sensitivity
✓11g 54M : -71dbm
✓11n 20M : -67dbm
LoRa Spec:
➢Frequency Range:
✓Band 1 (HF): 862 ~ 1020 Mhz
✓Band 2 (LF): 410 ~ 528 Mhz
➢168 dB maximum link budget.
➢+20 dBm - 100 mW constant RF output vs.
➢+14 dBm high efficiency PA.
➢Programmable bit rate up to 300 kbps.
➢High sensitivity: down to -148 dBm.
➢Bullet-proof front end: IIP3 = -12.5 dBm.
➢Excellent blocking immunity.
➢Low RX current of 10.3 mA, 200 nA register retention.
➢Fully integrated synthesizer with a resolution of 61 Hz.
➢FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK, LoRaTM and OOK modulation.

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➢Built-in bit synchronizer for clock recovery.
➢Preamble detection.
➢127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI.
➢Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC.
➢Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC.
➢Built-in temperature sensor and low battery indicator.
Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
➢Quectel EC25 LTE module
➢Micro SIM Slot
➢Internal 4G Antenna + External 4G Sticker Antenna.
➢Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
➢Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
➢MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem
wireless communication systems

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1.3 Features
✓Open Source OpenWrt LEDE system
✓Low power consumption
✓Firmware upgrade via Web
✓Software upgradable via network
✓Flexible protocol to connect to IoT servers
✓Auto-Provisioning
✓Built-in web server
✓Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
✓Internet connection via LAN, WiFi, 3G or 4G
✓Failsafe design provides robustly system
✓1 x SX1276/SX1278 LoRa modules
✓Full–duplex LoRa transceiver
✓Two receive channels, and one transmit channel
✓Limited support in LoRaWAN/ Support Private LoRa protocol
✓Support up to 100 nodes
✓LoRa band available at 433/868/915/920 Mhz
✓Max range in LoRa: 5~10 km. Density Area:>500m
1.4 System Structure

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1.5 Applications

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1.6 Hardware Variants
The LG01N and OLG01N use the same firmware and have the same feature in the software side.
In this document, we will use LG01N to explain the feature.
Model
Photo
Description
LG01N
Indoor version for single channel LoRa Gateway,
OLG01N
Outdoor version for dual channel LoRa Gateway
1.7 Interfaces
OLG01N Version Interface:
LoRa ANT. In new version, this
antenna was built-in device
PWR
WAN
LAN/POE
toggle

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1.8 Install SIM card in 4G module
LG01N & OLG01N has optional built-in 4G module version. For the 4G version, devices will be
shipped with screws unassembled, please open the box and use below direction to install the SIM
card (Micro SIM)
Note: Please power off when install the SIM card, and power on again after installation.

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1.9 Firmware Change log
Please see this link for firmware change log:
http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/&file
=ChangeLog

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2. Access and configure LG01N
The LG01N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the
LG01N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet ports.
2.1 Find IP address of LG01N
2.1.1 Connect via WiFi
At the first boot of LG01N, it will auto generate an unsecure
WiFi network call dragino-xxxxxx
Note: In latest version firmware, it has been password
protected and the password is:
dragino+dragino
User can use the laptop to connect to this WiFi network. The
laptop will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the LG01N has
the default IP 10.130.1.1
2.1.2 Connect via WAN port with DHCP IP from router
Alternatively, connect the LG01N WAN port to your router and LG01N will obtain an IP address
from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address
the router has assigned to the LG01N. You can also use this IP to connect.

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2.1.3 Connect via LAN port with direct connection from PC
The LG01N LAN port is configured as DHCP router by default, user can connect the PC to LAN
port and set PC to DHCP mode, the PC will get IP from LG01N’s LAN port and be able to access to
the device. The default IP in LG01N LAN port is 10.130.1.1
2.1.4 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router
If the LG01N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LG01N.
2.1.5 Connect via LAN port by fall back ip
The LAN port also has a fall back ip address for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router.

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2.2 Access Configure Web UI
Web Interface
Open a browser on the PC and type the LG01N ip address (depends on your connect method)
http://10.130.1.1/ (Access via WiFi AP network)
or
http://IP_ADDRESS or http:// IP_ADDRESS:8000 (If the IP is assigned by uplink
router)
You will see the login interface of LG01N as shown below.
The account details for Web Login are:
User Name: root
Password: dragino

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3. Typical Network Setup
3.1 Overview
LG01N supports flexible network set up for different environment. This section describes the
typical network topology can be set in LG01N. The typical network set up includes:
✓WAN Port Internet Mode
✓WiFi Client Mode
✓WiFi AP Mode
✓USB Dial Up Mode
3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet
By default, LG01N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you
connect the LG01N’s WAN port to an upstream router, LG01N will get an IP address from the
router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in
the home page:

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3.3 Access Internet as a WiFi Client.
In the WiFi Client Mode, LG01N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via
WiFi.
The settings for WiFi Client are under page System → WiFi → WiFi WAN Client Settings
In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save &
Apply to connect.

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3.4 Use built-in 4G modem for internet access
If the LG01N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
Second, Power off/ ON LG01N to let it detect the SIM card.
The set up page is System → Cellular
While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN
port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.

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3.5 Check Internet connection
In the Home page, we can check the Internet connection.
➢GREEN Tick : This interface has Internet connection.
➢Yellow Tick : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
➢RED Cross : This interface doesn’t connected.

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4. Example 1: Manually send / receive LoRa packets
4.1 Use pkt_fwd to receive
When user chooses the MQTT/TCP-IP/Customized mode, the lg01_pkt_fwd will auto start. It will
listen the LoRa Radio Channel base on the setting in the web setting.
If the LoRa end node send data in the match format, the pkt_fwd will store the data for further
use, the logic of this receive part please see Customized_Script.
4.2 Use pkt_fwd to transmit
The pkt_fwd also open a thread to listen to local files under directory /var/iot/push/. Once there
is a file in this directory, the thread will check if it is an outgoing file and send out the LoRa
message if format match. Below is the file example (json format):
{"txpk":{"imme":false,"tmst":861608339,"freq":925.1,"rfch":0,"powe":20,"modu":"L
ORA","datr":"SF7BW500","codr":"4/5","ipol":true,"size":22,"ncrc":true,"data":"YEklB
CaqCgADQAIAcQM6AP8B9TYzUA=="}}
Explain:
Name | Type | Function
:----:|:------:|--------------------------------------------------------------
imme | bool | Send packet immediately (will ignore tmst & time)
tmst | number | Send packet on a certain timestamp value (will ignore time)
tmms | number | Send packet at a certain GPS time (GPS synchronization required)
freq | number | TX central frequency in MHz (unsigned float, Hz precision)
rfch | number | Concentrator "RF chain" used for TX (unsigned integer)
powe | number | TX output power in dBm (unsigned integer, dBm precision)
modu | string | Modulation identifier "LORA" or "FSK"
datr | string | LoRa datarate identifier (eg. SF12BW500)