Dragino LPS8 User manual

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LPS8 LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual
Document Version: 1.2.0
Firmware Version: LG02_LG08--build-v5.4.1590459021-20200526-1012
Version
Description
Date
1.0
Release
2019-Aug-10
1.0.1
Add trouble shooting for wifi AP not access issue
2019-Sep-23
1.0.2
Change the HTTP Port and SSH port for firmware version > v5.3
2019-Oct-26
1.1.0
Add more features such packet filter, remote access
2020-Mar-02
1.1.1
Polish network access description to make it clear
2020-Mar-16
1.2.0
Add TTN server explain, change to use new UI and firmware
2020-May-27

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Table of Contents
1Introduction..............................................................................................................................4
1.1 What is the LPS8.........................................................................................................................4
1.2 Specifications..............................................................................................................................5
1.3 Features......................................................................................................................................5
1.4 Hardware System Structure........................................................................................................6
1.5 LPS8 Applications .......................................................................................................................7
1.6 LED Indicators.............................................................................................................................7
2Access and Configure LPS8 ........................................................................................................8
2.1 Find IP address of LPS8...............................................................................................................8
2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ...............................................................................................................8
2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ..............................................................8
2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router .....................................................................9
2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ..............................................................................9
2.2 Access Configure Web UI..........................................................................................................10
3Typical Network Setup ............................................................................................................ 11
3.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................11
3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet..............................................................................................11
3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client..........................................................................................12
3.4 Check Internet connection........................................................................................................12
4Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway ...........................................................................13
4.1 Create a gateway in TTN Server ...............................................................................................14
4.2 Configure LPS8 to connect to TTN ............................................................................................16
4.3 Configure frequency .................................................................................................................18
4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device.....................................................................................................19
5More features .........................................................................................................................21
5.1 Packet Filtering .........................................................................................................................21
5.2 Remote Access..........................................................................................................................21

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5.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ........................................................................................21
5.4 How to set data to MQTT broker..............................................................................................21
5.5 More instructions .....................................................................................................................21
6Linux System ........................................................................................................................... 22
6.1 SSH Access for Linux console ....................................................................................................22
6.2 Edit and Transfer files ...............................................................................................................23
6.3 File System................................................................................................................................23
6.4 Package maintenance system ..................................................................................................24
7Upgrade Linux Firmware ......................................................................................................... 25
7.1 Upgrade via Web UI .................................................................................................................25
7.2 Upgrade via Linux console........................................................................................................26
8FAQ ......................................................................................................................................... 27
8.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band?...........................................................27
8.2 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, Where can I find the source code? ................27
8.3 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands?.........................................................................27
9Trouble Shooting..................................................................................................................... 28
9.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? .........................................................28
9.2 How to recover the LPS8 if the firmware crashes.....................................................................28
9.3 I configured LPS8 for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now?..........................................29
9.4 I connect to the LPS8’s SSID but LPS8 didn’t assign DHCP IP to my laptop? .............................30
10 Order Info ...............................................................................................................................31
11 Packing Info ............................................................................................................................32
12 Support...................................................................................................................................32
13 FCC Warning ........................................................................................................................... 32

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1Introduction
1.1 What is the LPS8
The LPS8 is an open source LoRaWAN Gateway. It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via
WiFi, Ethernet. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
The LPS8 uses Semtech packet forwarder and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a SX1308
LoRa concentrator, which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
LPS8 has pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands to use for different countries. User can also
customized the frequency bands to use in their own LoRa network.

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1.2 Specifications
Hardware System:
Linux Part:
400Mhz ar9331 processor
64MB RAM
16MB Flash
Interface:
10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
LoRaWAN Wireless
Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
USB 2.0 host connector x 1
WiFi Spec:
IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
Frequency Band: 2.4 ~ 2.462GHz
Tx power:
11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
11b tx power: 18db
11g 54M tx power: 12db
11g 6M tx power: 18db
Wifi Sensitivity
11g 54M : -71dbm
11n 20M : -67dbm
LoRa Spec:
Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1257 Tx/Rx front-end
70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
1.3 Features
Open Source OpenWrt system
Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi

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Remote access with Reverse-SSH
Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
LoRaWAN Gateway
10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
Support different level log in.
1.4 Hardware System Structure

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1.5 LPS8 Applications
1.6 LED Indicators
LPS8 has totally four LEDs, They are:
Power LED : This RED LED will be solid on if the device is properly powered.
LoRa LED : This RGB LED will blink GREEN when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a
packet.
SYS LED :This RGB LED will shows different colors on different state:
SOLID BLUE: Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
BLINKING BLUE: a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b)
Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will BLINKING BLUE for several seconds and
then with SOLID RED and BLINKING BLUE together
SOLID RED: Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
ETH LED : This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.

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2Access and Configure LPS8
The LPS8 is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the
LPS8 after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
2.1 Find IP address of LPS8
2.1.1 Connect via WiFi
At the first boot of LPS8, it will auto generate a WiFi network
called dragino-xxxxxx with password:
dragino+dragino
You can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will
get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the LPS8 has the default IP
10.130.1.1
2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router

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Alternatively, connect the LPS8 Ethernet port to your router and LPS8 can obtain an IP address
from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address
the router has assigned to the LPS8. You can also use this IP to connect.
2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router
If the LPS8 already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8.
2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip
The WAN port also has a fall back ip address for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router.
Click here to see how to configure.

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2.2 Access Configure Web UI
Web Interface
Open a browser on the PC and type in the LPS8 ip address (depends on your connect method)
http://10.130.1.1/ (Access via WiFi AP network)
or
http://IP_ADDRESS or http:// IP_ADDRESS:8000 (The web port has been changed to
8000 in WAN interface(WAN port or WiFi Client Mode) since firmware 5.3.xxx firmware)
You will see the login interface of LPS8 as shown below.
The account details for Web Login are:
User Name: root
Password: dragino

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3Typical Network Setup
3.1 Overview
The LPS8 supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the
typical network topology can be set in LPS8. The network set up includes:
WAN Port Internet Mode
WiFi Client Mode
WiFi AP Mode
3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet
By default, the LPS8 is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you
connect the LPS8’s WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8 will get an IP address from the router
and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked as below:

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3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client.
In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8 acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via
WiFi.
The settings for WiFi Client is under page System WiFi WiFi WAN Client Settings
In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save &
Apply to connect.
3.4 Check Internet connection
In the Home page, we can check the Internet connection.
GREEN Tick : This interface has Internet connection.
Yellow Tick : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
RED Cross : This interface doesn’t connected.

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4Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway
LPS8 is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to
forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
This chapter describes how to use the LPS8 to work with
TheThingsNetwork (TTN) LoRaWAN Server (www.thethingsnetwork.org)

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4.1 Create a gateway in TTN Server
Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
Every LPS8 has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
The example gateway id is: a840411b8268ffff
Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server

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Step 3: Create a Gateway
Click on the Gateways icon to open the page below:
Notice: The TTN router should match the Frequency Plan you choose, otherwise you will have
problem for End Node to join the network. If you don’t which router you need to select, please
check: https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/gateways/packet-forwarder/semtech-
udp.html#connect-a-gateway_server-addresses
After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.

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4.2 Configure LPS8 to connect to TTN
You can now configure the LPS8 to let it connect to TTN network.
Make sure your LPS8 has a working Internet Connection first.
Choose the right server provider and click Save&Apply
Note: The server address must match the router you choose in TTN.
In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.

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In TTN portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.

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4.3 Configure frequency
We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8 to match the end node we use, so to receive the
LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.

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4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device
This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data
from TTN web site.
We use LT-22222-L IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will
be similar.
Step 1: Create a Device definition in TTN with the OTAA keys from the example LT-33222-L IO
Controller device.
Three codes are required to define the device in TTN:
DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN.
APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that
particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown
below.
Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the
device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the
codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
For the TTN server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.

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Select Add Application to open the screen below.
Note that there is an APP EUI already created by TTN, but this is not the one set in the device. To
add the APP EUI for the LT-22222-L device, select Manage EUIs and Add EUI, then enter the
required code.
Select Devices and Register Device to open the screen below.
Enter the Device EUI and APP KEY codes, then select the App EUI from the list.
Check that all three codes match those shown on the device label before saving the configuration.
Step 2: Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining
successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN. Select the Data tab and you will see the
data appearing in the panel.
Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN display.