Grandstream Networks WP810 User manual

Grandstream Networks, Inc.
WP810
Cordless Wi-Fi IP Phone
Security Guide

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WP810 Security Guide
Table of Contents
OVERVIEW.....................................................................................................................3
WEB UI/SSH ACCESS ...................................................................................................4
Web UI Access .....................................................................................................................................4
Web UI Access Protocols .....................................................................................................................4
Admin Login..........................................................................................................................................5
User Management Levels ....................................................................................................................6
SECURITY FOR SIP ACCOUNTS AND CALLS ............................................................8
Protocols and Ports ..............................................................................................................................8
Anonymous/Unsolicited Calls Protection .............................................................................................9
SRTP .................................................................................................................................................. 11
SECURITY FOR WP810 SERVICES............................................................................12
Firmware Upgrade and Provisioning ..................................................................................................12
TR-069................................................................................................................................................13
Syslog.................................................................................................................................................15
SECURITY GUIDELINES FOR WP810 DEPLOYMENT .............................................. 16

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Table of Figures
Figure 1 : Web UI Access Settings................................................................................................................4
Figure 2 : Web UI Login ................................................................................................................................5
Figure 3 : Change Password on First Boot ...................................................................................................5
Figure 4: Change Admin Level Password.....................................................................................................6
Figure 5 : Change User Level password.......................................................................................................7
Figure 6 : Configure TLS as SIP Transport ...................................................................................................8
Figure 7 : SIP TLS Settings...........................................................................................................................8
Figure 8 : Additional SIP TLS Settings ..........................................................................................................9
Figure 9 : Anonymous Call Rejection............................................................................................................9
Figure 10 : Settings to Block Anonymous Call ............................................................................................10
Figure 11 : SRTP Settings...........................................................................................................................11
Figure 12 : Upgrade and Provisioning ........................................................................................................12
Figure 13 : TR-069 Connection Settings.....................................................................................................14
Figure 14 : Syslog Protocol .........................................................................................................................15

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WP810 Security Guide
OVERVIEW
This document presents a summary of security measures, factors, and configurations that users are
recommended to consider when configuring and deploying our WP810 Cordless Wi-Fi IP Phone.
Note: We recommend using the latest firmware for latest security patches.
The following sections are covered in this document:
•Web UI/SSH Access
Web UI access is protected by username/password and login timeout. Two-level user management is
configurable. SSH access is supported for mainly troubleshooting purpose and it is recommended to disable
it in normal usage.
•Security for SIP Accounts and Calls
The SIP accounts use specific port for signaling and media stream transmission. It also offers configurable
options to block anonymous calls and unsolicited calls.
•Security for WP810 Services
WP810 supports service such as HTTP/HTTPS/TFTP/FTP/FTPS and TR-069 for provisioning. For better
security, we recommend using HTTPS/FTPS with username/password and using password-protected XML
file. We recommend disabling TR-069 if not used to avoid potential port exposure.
•Deployment Guidelines for WP810
This section introduces protocols and ports used on the WP810 and recommendations for routers/firewall
settings.
This document is subject to change without notice.
Reproduction or transmittal of the entire or any part, in any form or by any means, electronic or print, for
any purpose without the express written permission of Grandstream Networks, Inc. is not permitted.

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WP810 Security Guide
WEB UI/SSH ACCESS
Web UI Access
The WP810 embedded web server responds to HTTP/HTTPS GET/POST requests. Embedded HTML
pages allow users to configure the device through a web browser such as Microsoft IE, Mozilla Firefox,
Google Chrome and etc. With this, administrators can access and configure all available WP810 information
and settings. It is critical to understand the security risks involved when placing the Cordless Wi-Fi IP
Phones on public networks and it’s recommended not to do so.
Web UI Access Protocols
HTTP and HTTPS are supported to access the WP810’s web UI and can be configured under web UI →
Maintenance → Security settings → Security.
To secure transactions and prevent unauthorized access, it is highly recommended to:
1. Use HTTPS instead of HTTP.
2. Avoid using well known port numbers such as 80 and 443.
Figure 1 : Web UI Access Settings
3. The WP810 allows access via SSH for advanced troubleshooting purpose. This is usually not
needed unless the administrator or Grandstream support needs it for troubleshooting purpose. SSH

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WP810 Security Guide
access on the device is enabled by default with port 22 used. It’s recommended to disable it for
daily normal usage. If SSH access needs to be enabled, changing the port to a different port other
than the well-known port 22 is a good practice.
Admin Login
Username and password are required to log in the WP810’s web UI.
Figure 2 : Web UI Login
The factory default administrator username is “admin”, and the random password can be found on the
sticker at the back of the unit. Changing the default password at first time login is highly recommended.
When accessing the WP810 phones for the first time or after factory reset, users will be asked to change
the default administrator password before accessing WP810 Web interface.
To change the password for default user "admin", navigate to Web GUI → Maintenance →Web Access
Figure 3 : Change Password on First Boot

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WP810 Security Guide
Figure 4: Change Admin Level Password
The password length must be between 6 and 25 characters. Strong password with a combination of
numbers, uppercase letters, lowercase letters, and special characters is always recommended for security
purpose.
User Management Levels
Two user privilege levels are currently supported:
•Admin
•User
User Level
Username
Password
Web Pages Allowed
User Level
user
123
Only Status and Basic
Settings
Administrator Level
admin
Random password available
on the sticker at the back of
the unit.
All pages
NOTES:
➢It is recommended to keep admin login for administrator only. And user should be provided with
user level login only, if web UI access is needed.
➢Change User Level Password upon the first login by following the below steps:
1. Access your WP810 web UI by entering its IP address in your favorite browser.
2. Enter your admin password.
3. Go to Maintenance → Web Access → User Password and Enter the new password.
4. Confirm the new password.
5. Press “Save” at the bottom of the page to save your new settings.

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Figure 5 : Change User Level password

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SECURITY FOR SIP ACCOUNTS AND CALLS
Protocols and Ports
By default, after a factory reset, all the accounts are not active. And it is recommended to disable the unused
ports. Under Web GUI → Accounts → Account X → General Settings → Account Active: “No”
➢Users can also disable Direct IP calls on all ports under Settings → Call Features: Set “Disable
Direct IP Call:” to “Yes”
•SIP transport protocol:
The WP810 supports SIP transport protocol “UDP” “TCP” and “TLS”. By default, it’s set to “UDP”. It’s
recommended to use “TLS” so the SIP signaling is encrypted. SIP transport protocol can be configured
per Account under web UI → Accounts → Account X → SIP Settings → Basic Settings. When “TLS”
is used, we recommend using “sips” instead of “sip” for SIP URI scheme to ensure the entire SIP
transaction is secured instead of “best-effort”.
Figure 6 : Configure TLS as SIP Transport
SIP TLS certificate, private key and password can be configured under Maintenance → Security Settings
→ Security page:
Figure 7 : SIP TLS Settings

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When SIP TLS is used, the WP810 also offers additional configurations:
- Validate Server Certificates:
This feature allows users to validate server certificates with our trusted list of TLS connections
- Trusted CA Certificates: Uses the certificate for Authentication under Maintenance → Security
Settings → Trusted CA Certificates
Figure 8 : Additional SIP TLS Settings
•Local SIP port when using UDP/TCP:
Starting from 5060 for Account 1, the port numbers increase by 2 for each account. For example, 5062
is the default local SIP port for Account 2.
•Local SIP port when using TLS:
The SIP TLS port is the UDP SIP port plus 1. For example, if Account 1 SIP port is 5060, its TLS port
would be 5061.
Anonymous/Unsolicited Calls Protection
If the user would like to have anonymous calls blocked, please go to WP810’s Web GUI → Account X →
Call Settings and set “Anonymous Call Rejection “to “Yes”: The WP810 will then reject all incoming
calls with anonymous caller ID by sending a “486 Busy here” message.
Figure 9 : Anonymous Call Rejection

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•Additional SIP security settings:
under Web GUI →Account X →SIP Settings →Security Settings:
-Check Domain Certificates:
Defines whether the domain certificates will be checked when TLS/TCP is used for SIP Transport.
-Validate Certificate Chain:
Validate certificate chain when TLS/TCP is configured.
- Validate Incoming SIP Messages:
Set “Yes” to Validate incoming messages by checking caller ID and CSeq headers. If the message does not
include the headers, it will be rejected.
- Check SIP User ID for Incoming INVITE:
Set “Yes” to enable checking the SIP User ID in the Request URI of incoming INVITE; if it does not match
the WP810 SIP User ID, the call will be rejected. Direct IP calling will also be disabled if checked.
- Accept Incoming SIP from Proxy Only:
Set “Yes” to force the WP810 to Check SIP address of the Request URI in the incoming SIP message; if it
doesn't match the SIP server address of the account, the call will be rejected.
- Authenticate Incoming INVITE:
Set “Yes” to Challenge the incoming INVITE for authentication with “SIP/401 Unauthorized” message
Figure 10 : Settings to Block Anonymous Call

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SRTP
To protect voice communication from eavesdropping, the WP810 support SRTP for media traffic using AES
128&256, AES 128 or only AES 256. It is recommended to use SRTP if it’s supported by the SIP server (Or
the service provider). SRTP can be configured under Web GUI → Account X → Audio Settings.
Figure 11 : SRTP Settings
Selects SRTP mode to choose (“No”, “Enabled but not forced”, “Enabled and forced”, or “Optional”).
Default is No. It uses SDP Security Description to exchange key.

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SECURITY FOR WP810 SERVICES
Firmware Upgrade and Provisioning
The WP810 Cordless Wi-Fi IP Phones support downloading configuration file via TFTP, HTTP/HTTPS,
FTP/FTPS. Below figure shows the related options under Web GUI → Maintenance → Upgrade and
Provisioning
Figure 12 : Upgrade and Provisioning

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We recommend users to consider the following options for added security when deploying the WP810 with
provisioning.
- Upgrade Via: HTTPS:
By default, HTTPS is selected. This is recommended so the traffic is encrypted while travelling through
the network.
- HTTP/HTTPS/FTP/FTPS User Name and Password:
This can be set up as required on the provisioning server when HTTP/HTTPS/FTP/FTPS is used. Only
when the WP810 has the correct username and password configured, it can be authenticated by the
Upgrade/provisioning server and the config file can be downloaded.
- Authenticate Config file:
This sets the WP810 to authenticate the configuration file before applying it. When set to “Yes”, the
configuration file must include P value P1 with WP810 system’s administration password. If it is missed
or does not match the password, the WP810 will not apply the config file.
- XML Config File Password:
The WP810 XML config file can be encrypted using OpenSSL. When it’s encrypted, the WP810 must
supply the correct password in this field so it can decrypt XML configuration file after downloading it.
Then the configuration can be applied. Please note this feature is supported on XML config file instead
of the binary config file. Therefore, it’s recommended to use XML config file format and encrypt it with
this feature.
- Validate Server Certificates: (under Maintenance → Security settings → Security)
This configures whether to validate the server certificate when downloading the firmware/config file. If
set to "Yes", the WP810 will download the firmware/config file only from the legitimate server.
TR-069
TR-069 is enabled by default, it’s recommended to disable it if not used.
When TR-069 is enabled under Maintenance → TR-069, and the service is to be used, users can set up
the following:
•ACS URL: Specifies URL of TR-069 Auto Configuration Servers.
•ACS Username/Password: Enters username/Password to authenticate to ACS.
•Periodic Inform Enable: Sends periodic inform packets to ACS.
•Periodic Inform Interval: Sets frequency that the inform packets will be sent out to ACS.
•Connection Request Username/Password: Enters username/Password for ACS to connect to

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the WP810.
•CPE SSL Certificate: Configures the Cert File for the ATA to connect to the ACS via SSL.
•CPE SSL Private Key: Specifies the Cert Key for the ATA to connect to the ACS via SSL
Figure 13 : TR-069 Connection Settings

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Syslog
The WP810 supports sending Syslog to a remote syslog server. By default, it’s sent via UDP and we
recommend changing it to “SSL/TLS” so the syslog messages containing device information will be sent
securely over TLS connection. The setting is under Maintenance → Syslog.
Figure 14 : Syslog Protocol

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SECURITY GUIDELINES FOR WP810 DEPLOYMENT
Often times the WP810 are deployed behind NAT. The network administrator can consider following security
guidelines for the WP810 to work properly and securely.
•Turn off SIP ALG on the router
On the customer’s router, it’s recommended to turn off SIP ALG (Application Layer Gateway). SIP ALG
is common in many routers intending to prevent some problems caused by router firewalls by inspecting
VoIP packets and modifying it if necessary. Even though SIP ALG intends to prevent issues for VoIP
devices, it can be implemented imperfectly causing problems, especially in some cases SIP ALG
modifies SIP packets improperly which might cause VoIP devices fail to register or establish calls.
•Use TLS and SRTP for SIP calls
On the WP810, it’s recommended to use TLS for SIP transport with “sips” in SIP URL scheme for SIP
signaling encryption and use SRTP for media encryption.
Below the SIP ports and RTPs port used on the WP810 if the network administrator needs to create
firewall rules.
➢Under web UI → Account x → SIP Settings → Basic Settings, the feature “Local SIP Port”
defines the local SIP port used to listen and transmit. The default value when using SIP transport
protocol UDP/TCP is 5060 for Account 1, 5062 for Account 2, … The valid range is from 1024 to
65400.
➢Under web UI → Settings → General Settings, the feature “Local RTP Port” defines the local RTP
port used to listen and transmit. Local RTP port ranges from 1024 to 65400 and must be even. It is
the base RTP port for channel 0. When configured channel 0 will use this port_value for RTP, and
port_value+1 for RTCP. Channel 1 will use port_value+2 for RTP and so on, until reaching the limit
and then it will be reset to first port_value. The default value is 5004 for RTP and 5005 for RTCP.
Note: On the customer’s firewall, it’s recommended to ensure SIP port is opened for the SIP accounts
on the WP810. It’s not necessary to use the default port 5060/5062/… on the firewall. Instead, the
network administrator can consider mapping a different port on the firewall for WP810 SIP port 5060
for security purpose.
•Use HTTPS for web UI access
WP810 Web UI access should be equipped with strong administrator password in additional to using

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HTTPS. Also, do not expose the WP810 web UI access to public network for normal usage.
•Use HTTPS for firmware downloading and config file downloading
Use HTTPS for firmware downloading and provisioning. Besides that, set up username and password
for the HTTP/HTTPS server to require authentication. It’s also recommended to turn on “Validate Server
Certificates” so the WP810 will validate server certificate when downloading the firmware or config file.