HBM U9B User manual

B 20. U9B.40 en
Force transducer with
strain gauge measuring
system
U9B
Operating manual
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U9B
B 20.U9B.40 en HBM
Contents Page
Safety instructions 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 Scope of delivery 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 Field of application and notes on use 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 Structure and mode of operation 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.1 Measuring element 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 Measuring procedure, output signal 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 Conditionsat the site of installation 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.1 Ambient temperature 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2 Humidity 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.3 Deposits 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.4 External pressure 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 Mechanicalinstallation 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1 Important precautions during installation 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2 General guidelines for installation 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.1 Mounting for tensile and compressive loads 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 Electrical connection 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.1 Notes on wiring 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.2 Allocation of the cable cores 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.3 Connection technique 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4 Cable extensions 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5 Parallel connection of more then one transducers 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 Technical data 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 Dimensions (in mm) 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9 Copy of Declaration of Conformity 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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4U9B
B 20.U9B.40 en HBM
Safety instructions
Use in accordance with the regulations
Force transducers in the U9B range are designed for measuring static and
dynamic compressive forces. Use for any additional purpose shall be deemed
to be not in accordance with the regulations.
In the interests of safety, the transducer should only be operated as described
in the Mounting Instructions. It is also essential to observe the appropriate
legal and safety regulations for the application concerned during use. The
same applies to the use of accessories.
The transducer is not a safety element within the meaning of its use as
intended. Proper and safe operation of this transducer requires proper
transportation, correct storage, assembly and mounting and careful operation
and maintenance.
General dangers due to non–observance of the safety instructions
The U9B force transducer corresponds to the state of the art and is fail–safe.
The transducers can give rise to residual dangers if they are inappropriately
installed and operated by untrained personnel.
Everyone involved with the installation, commissioning, maintenance or repair
of a force transducer must have read and understood the Mounting
Instructions and in particular the technical safety instructions.
Residual dangers
The scope of supply and performance of the transducer covers only a small
area of force measurement technique. In addition, equipment planners,
installers and operators should plan, implement and respond to the safety
engineering considerations of force measurement technique in such a way as
to minimise residual dangers. Prevailing regulations must be complied with at
all times. There must be reference to the residual dangers connected with
force measurement technique.
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U9B
B 20.U9B.40 en HBM
In these mounting instructions residual dangers are pointed out using the
following symbols:
Symbol: DANGER
Meaning: Highest level of danger
Warns of a directly dangerous situation in which failure to comply with safety
requirements will lead to death or serious physical injury.
Symbol: WARNING
Meaning: Possibly dangerous situation
Warns of a potentially dangerous situation in which failure to comply with
safety requirements can lead to death or serious physical injury.
Symbol: ATTENTION
Meaning: Possibly dangerous situation
Warns of a potentially dangerous situation in which failure to comply with
safety requirements could lead to damage to property, slight or moderate
physical injury.
Symbol: NOTE
Refers to the fact that important information is being given about the product
or its use.
Symbol:
Meaning: CE mark
The CE mark signals a guarantee by the manufacturer that his product meets
the requirements of the relevant EC directives (see Declaration of conformity
at the end of this document).
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6U9B
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Prohibition of own conversions and modifications
The transducer must not be modified from the design or safety engineering
point of view except with our express agreement. Any modification shall
exclude all liability on our part for any damage resulting therefrom.
Qualified personnel
This instrument is only to be installed by qualified personnel strictly in
accordance with the technical data and with the safety rules and regulations
which follow. It is also essential to observe the appropriate legal and safety
regulations for the application concerned. The same applies to the use of
accessories.
Qualified personnel means persons entrusted with the installation, fitting,
commissioning and operation of the product who possess the appropriate
qualifications for their function.
Conditions on site
Protect the transducer from damp and weather influences such as rain, snow,
etc.
Maintenance
The U9B force transducer is maintenance free.
Accident prevention
Although the specified nominal force in the destructive range is several times
the full scale value, the relevant accident prevention regulations from the
trade associations must be taken into consideration.
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U9B
B 20.U9B.40 en HBM
1 Scope of delivery
Force transducer U9B; mounting instruction
2 Field of application and notes on use
The transducers are intended for measuring static and dynamic tensile and
compressive forces. Their very small dimensions make them ideal for use
where little space is available (for example for measuring penetration forces in
manufacturing processes).
The force transducers are designed for harsh environmental conditions and
stringent service in requirements. They are maintenance-free and can even
be installed in places where access is difficult. Their electrical measuring sig-
nals can be transmitted to remote measuring stations and control rooms and
displayed or recorded there and used for control and regulating duties.
The transducers, as precision measuring instruments, require careful handling
during transport and installation. Loading impacts (for example ”free fall”
application of the load) even during measurement operations can lead to un-
expected overloads with permanent damage.
Special care must therefore be given to the base of the housing, which is rela-
tively thin.
The limits for permissible mechanical, thermal and electrical stressing are
given in the technical data. It is essential that these be respected.
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8U9B
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3 Structure and mode of operation
3.1 Measuring element
The force is transferred to the diaphragm measuring element in the U9B by a
threaded bolt. This type of measuring element has the advantage in that it
also acts as a housing, protecting the applied strain gauges. The transducer is
hermetically sealed by an adapter with threaded bolt which is welded on the
bottom.
3.2 Measuring procedure, output signal
The measuring spring and strain gauges are elastically deformed by a load
acting in the direction of measurement. The strain gauges modify their resis-
tance proportionally to their change in length. The Wheatstone bridge is thus
detuned. When a bridge excitation voltage is applied, the circuit supplies an
output signal proportional to the change in resistance and hence also propor-
tional to the force applied.
A measuring amplifier, suitable for strain gaugs measurements, is needed to
process the measurement signal.
4 Conditions at the site of installation
4.1 Ambient temperature
To achieve optimum measuring results, the nominal temperature range from
-10°C to +70°C must be maintained. Ideally, the temperatures should be
constant or subject to slow variations. The temperature effects indicated are
applicable –in compliance with VDI/VDE Recommendation 2637 –when the
temperatures do not change faster than 5 K/h.
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U9B
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Temperature gradients in the transducer by cooling or heating on one side
(radiant heat) cause problems. A screen to protect against radiant heat and
thermal insulation on all sides produce marked improvements. Naturally, these
should not cause any force shunt.
NOTE:
The transducer output signal can be affected by the warmth of
the hand. If measurements are made at room temperature
(about 20°C), then you should wait about 15 min. after handling
the transducer before taking measurements.
4.2 Humidity
Ambient humidity and a tropical climate do not affect the function of the trans-
ducer, according to the classification of the protection indicated, correspond-
ing to protection class IP 67 to EN 60 529.
IP 67 means protected against the ingress of dust. It is also protected against
water, if the transducer is immersed in water under specified conditions with
regard to pressure and time (0.5 h in 1 m depth of water).
The housings of the transducers are manufactured entirely in stainless steel.
They can be used in harsh environments. The sheath of the connection cable
consists of polyurethane (PUR).
4.3 Deposits
Dust, dirt and other foreign bodies should not be allowed to accumulate to the
point where they convey part of the measuring force to the housing, thus falsi-
fying the measured value (force shunt).
4.4 External pressure
The external atmospheric pressure can lie between 0 and 5 bars. Please note
that pressure fluctuations can displace the zero point.
Nennlast kN 0.5 1 2 5 10 50
Change in zero point for a change of
10mbar in ambient pressure (related to
the nominal load) % 0.01 0.006 0.01 0.004 0.002 0.001
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5 Mechanical installation
5.1 Important precautions during installation
•Handle the transducers carefully.
•The force application surfaces on the transducer and on the mounting
accessories must be absolutely clean and seat properly.
•Do not overload the transducer, even briefly. Also short-term overloads
–e.g. due to unevenly distributed support loads –must be avoided.
•Each transducer should be shunted by a stranded copper cable (approx.
50mm2) during or immediately after installation. For this purpose, HBM
supplies very flexible earthing cable EEK
5.2 General guidelines for installation
Force must act on the force transducer precisely in the direction of measure-
ment as far as possible. Off-centre loading and side loading or lateral forces
are interference variables, and therefore causes for measuring errors, and
they can damage the transducer by exceeding the permissible limits. Side
loads and lateral forces also include the relevant components of any mea-
surement quantities which may be introduced at an oblique angle.
5.2.1 Mounting for tensile and compressive loads
The transducer can measure axial forces in the tensile and the compressive
directions. Even alternating loads are measured properly. To achieve this
though, the transducer must be mounted without any axial play.
Tensile and/or compressive forces are transferred via the two threaded bolts.
The force transfer parts are locked against the transducer using the hexagon
nuts included with the supplied items. To do this, the transducer is loaded with
the nominal force and the nuts tightened with the relevant tightening torque:
Nominal force (kN) Tightening torque (Nm)
0.5...1 8
2...20 40
50 200
As an installation aid, HBM recommends the knuckle eyes (see Chapter 9
”Dimensions”) which prevent transfer to the transducer of torsion and bending
moments as well as lateral forces. With dynamic loading pliable tie rods
should be used.
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