HBM U2B User manual

A03823.3en/de/fr
Force transducer
Kraftaufnehmer
Capteur de force
U2B
Montageanleitung
Mounting instructions
Notice de montage

English Page 3 − 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deutsch Seite 21 − 38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Français Page 39 − 56. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3
U2B
HBMA03823.3en/de/fr
Contents Page
Safety instructions 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 Instructions for use 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 Structure and operating mode 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.1 Measuring device8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2 Housing 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3 Measurementprocess, output signal 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.4 Compensating for disturbance variables9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 Operation on site 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.1 Ambient temperature 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 Humidity 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3 Ambient pressure 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4 Contamination 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 Mechanical installation 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.1 Important precautionsduring installation 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2 General installation guidelines11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.3 U2B installation for tensile loading 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.4 U2B installation for tensile and compressive loading 13. . . . . . . . .
5 Electrical connection 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1 Noteson cabling 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2 Sixwire connection 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.3 Fourwire connection 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 Technical Data 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 Dimensions 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4U2B
HBM A03823.3en/de/fr
Safety instructions
Use inaccordance withthe regulations
The U2B force transducer is to be used exclusivelyfor force measurement
tasks and directlyrelated control tasks. Use for anyadditional purpose shall
be deemed to be not in accordance with the regulations.
In the interests of safety, the transducer should onlybe operated as described
in the Mounting Instructions. It is also essential to observe the appropriate
legal and safetyregulations for the application concerned during use. The
same applies to the use of accessories.
The transducer is not a safetyelement within the meaning of its use as
intended. Proper and safe operation of this transducer requires proper
transportation, correct storage, assemblyand mounting and careful operation
and maintenance.
General dangers of failing tofollow the safety instructions
The U2B force transducer corresponds to the state of the art and is failsafe.
The transducers can give rise to remaining dangers if theyare inappropriately
installed and operated byuntrained personnel.
Everyone involved with the installation, commissioning, maintenance or repair
of a force transducer must have read and understood the Mounting
Instructions and in particular the technical safetyinstructions.
Remaining dangers
The scope of supplyand performance of the transducer covers onlya small
area of force measurement technique. In addition, equipment planners,
installers and operators should plan, implement and respond to the safety
engineering considerations of force measurement technique in such a wayas
to minimise remaining dangers. Prevailing regulations must be complied with
at all times. There must be reference to the remaining dangers connected with
force measurement technique.

5
U2B
HBMA03823.3en/de/fr
In these mounting instructions remaining dangers are pointed out using the
following symbols:
Symbol: DANGER
Meaning: Maximum danger level
Warns of an imminently dangerous situation in which failure to complywith
safetyrequirements will result indeath or serious physical injury.
Symbol: WARNING
Meaning: Potencially dangerous situation
Warns of a potentially dangerous situation in which failure to complywith
safetyrequirements canresult indeath or serious physical injury.
Symbol: CAUTION
Meaning: Possibly dangerous situation
Warns of a potentially dangerous situation in which failure to complywith
safetyrequirements couldresult indamage to propertyor some form of
physical injury.
Symbol: NOTE
Means that important information about the product or its handling is being
given.
Symbol:
Meaning: CE mark
The CE mark enables the manufacturer to guarantee that the product
complies with the requirements of the relevant ECdirectives (the declaration
of conformityis available at http://www.hbm.com/HBMdoc).

6U2B
HBM A03823.3en/de/fr
Unauthorisedconversions and modifications are prohibited
The transducer must not be modified from the design or safetyengineering
point of viewexcept with our express agreement. Anymodification shall
exclude all liabilityon our part for anydamage resulting therefrom.
Qualifiedpersonnel
These transducers are onlyto be installed and used byqualified personnel,
strictlyin accordance with the technical data and the safetyrequirements and
regulations listed below. It is also essential to observe the appropriate legal
and safetyregulations for the application concerned. The same applies to the
use of accessories.
Qualified personnel means persons entrusted with the installation, fitting,
commissioning and operation of the product who possess the appropriate
qualifications for their function.
Conditions on site
Protect the transducer from damp and weather influences such as rain, snow,
etc.
Maintenance
The U2B force transducer is maintenance free.
Accident prevention
Although the specified nominal force in the destructive range is several times
the full scale value, the relevant accident prevention regulations from the
trade associations must be taken into consideration.

7
U2B
HBMA03823.3en/de/fr
1Instructions for use
The U2B series of force transducers is suitable for measuring tensile forces
and pressures. Theymeasure static and dynamic forces with great accuracy
and therefore require careful handling. Transport and installation of the devi
ces require special attention for the same reason. Transducers can be
permanentlydamaged if knocked or dropped.
These force transducers are manufactured from stainless steel and are suita
ble for use under harsh environmental conditions and severe operating
constraints. Theyare maintenance free and can even be installed in places
that are hard to reach. Their measuring signals can be transmitted to remote
measuring equipment.
The perfect seal that protects the sensitive strain gauge applications has to be
maintained bythe housing in all conditions. The base of the housing must the
refore be treated with special care, since it is verythin.
The permitted limits for mechanical, thermal and electrical loadings are given
in the Technical Data. Please take these points into account whenever
planning for measurement arrangements and when installing or operating the
equipment.

8U2B
HBM A03823.3en/de/fr
2 Structure and operating mode
2.1 Measuring device
The measuring device is a stainless steel measuring spring to which strain
gauges (SG) are applied. The measuring device simultaneouslyforms the
upper part pf the transducer housing (Fig. 2.1). The SGs are arranged so that
four of them are stretched and the other four are compresses when a force is
applied to the transducer. The transducer circuit contains correcting and com
pensating resistors, in order to reject undesirable influences on the zero signal
and sensitivity.
2.2 Housing
The housing with its integral measuring spring is closed bya floor plate wel
ded to its underside. The measuring spring on the force transducer has a
threaded pin which acts as a force conductor. A removable adapter is
screwed to the lower part of the housing and acts as a force conductor via
jointed eyelets (see Section 7).
12
3
4
57
8
9
61
1=Strain gauges
2=Housing with integral measuring spring
3=Adapter
4=Lock nut
5=Threaded pin for force conductor
6=Glass bushing
7=Cable chest
8=Welded cover
9=Internal thread
Fig.2.1: Schematic diagram: U2B

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U2B
HBMA03823.3en/de/fr
2.3 Measurement process, output signal
A force acting upon the transducer will elasticallydeform the SGs applied to
the measuring body. Their electrical resistance then changes in proportion to
the change in their length. This disturbs the balancing of the measurement
system wired in the form of a Wheatstone bridge, resulting in an output vol
tage UAat contacts 1 and 4 if a bridge excitation voltage UBis present at
points 2 and 3 on the bridge.
The ratio between the voltages, UA/UB, expressed in mV/V, is a measure of
the sensitivityof the force transducer. The change in output voltage UAis
linear to the acting force. Provided the force transducer is connected in ac
cordance with Fig. 5.1 and as specified in the User Manual for the amplifier
concerned, compressive forces are displayed with a positive operating sign
and tensile forces are shown with a negative operating sign. The force trans
ducer is electricallyconnected in 6wire mode (see Section 5.2). To reverse
the polarity, the white and red wires in the cable should be transposed.
2.4 Compensating for disturbance variables
The geometryof the measuring bodyand the positioning of the SGs ensure
that the output signal from the transducer suffers onlyminimal distortion if the
force being measured is affected bysuperimposed lateral forces and/or torsio
nal and bending moments. The specifications for this can be found in the
Technical Data. In the interests of greater accuracy, however, it is generally
better to tryto prevent spurious loadings of this kind altogether. The U2B also
has separate lateral force compensation which reduces lateral force influ
ences to a minimum (see Technical Data).
The influence of temperature on the zero signal and sensitivityare compensa
ted. Changes in ambient pressure have the same effect as additive (substrac
tive) forces (see Section 3.3).

10 U2B
HBM A03823.3en/de/fr
3Operation on site
3.1 Ambient temperature
For optimum measurement results, keep to the rated temperature range. The
best conditions are constant or veryslowlychanging temperatures. Measure
ment errors due to temperature are the result of uneven warming (e.g. radiant
heat) or cooling. A radiation shield and allround heat insulation provide noti
ceable improvements. However, theyshould not be allowed to form anykind
of force leakage.
3.2 Humidity
Humidityhave no effect on the measurement capabilityof the transducer, pro
vided theyare within the specified limit values (protection system IP67 in ac
cordance with DINEN60529).
NOTE
Moisture shouldnot be allowedtopenetrate the free end of the connec
tor cable.
3.3 Ambient pressure
Ambient pressure should be between 0 and 5 bar. Please note that changes
of pressure alter the zero point:
Nennlast 20 kN500 N1 kN2 kN5 kN10 kN
Zeropoint modification
[% sensitivity/10 mbar] "0.004 "0.141 "0.071 "0.035 "0.014 "0.007
Nennlast 50 kN100 kN200 kN
Zeropoint modification
[% sensitivity/10 mbar] "0.002
3.4 Contamination
Dust, dirt and other foreign bodies should not be allowed to accumulate to
such an extent that part of the measured force is diverted to the housing so as
to falsifythe measured value (force leakage).

11
U2B
HBMA03823.3en/de/fr
4Mechanical installation
4.1 Important precautions during installation
•Handle the transducer carefully.
•Do not overload the transducer.
•Where there is a risk that the transducer might burst and endanger per
sonal safetyif overloaded, additional safetymeasures need to be taken.
4.2 General installation guidelines
The forces must as far as possible act on the transducer in preciselythe di
rection of measurement. Torsional and bending moments, eccentric loadings
and lateral forces lead to measurement errors, and if the limit values are ex
ceeded the transducer can be destroyed. Lateral forces include components
corresponding to process quantities that maybe obliquelyintroduced. As an
aid to installation, HBM supplies jointed eyelets for series U2B transducers as
in Section 7. These aids to installation prevent the introduction of torsional
and bending moments as well as lateral and oblique loadings into the transdu
cer.

12 U2B
HBM A03823.3en/de/fr
4.3 U2Binstallation for tensile loading
To introduce tensile loading, there is provision for a threaded pin on top of the
housing and an internal thread on the adapter.
Jointed eyelets are suitable for use in the case of quasistatic loading (stress
reversal v10 Hz). In the case of dynamic loading with a higher frequency, fle
xible tension bars should be used.
The adapter (3) can be removed byundoing the screws (5). The transducer
can then be screwed onto the upper part for taking tensile measurements.
Care must be taken to make the bearing surface on the mounting plate flat.
For attachment use screws (5) of at least A270 quality(Fig. 4.1). To withdraw
them again use torque MA(5) (see dimension chart). When the adapter is re
moved the zero signal on the force transducer can change by< 1 %. Make
compensating adjustments for this when connecting the electronics. When
measuring dynamic forces, the screwconnections to the threaded pin and in
ternal thread must be properlypretightened when the transducer is free of
load: the tightening torque MA(4) is listed in the dimension chart. It maybe ex
ceeded bynot more than 10 %. If a locknut is used, the torque must on no
account be conducted through the transducer.
U2BWeight Starting torque
Ratedforce (kN) approx. MA(4) MA(5)
0.5 to 10 0.8kg 60N⋅m 5N⋅m
20 2.9kg 300N⋅m 35N⋅m
50 4.3kg 500N⋅m 60N⋅m
100 10.7kg 2500N⋅m 60N⋅m
200 15.9kg 4500N⋅m 150N⋅m
WARNING
It is necessary for the screws (5) tobe examinedfor a tight fit and tobe
retightend, if required.

13
U2B
HBMA03823.3en/de/fr
1=Transducer
2=Cable chest
3=Adapter
4=Lock nut
5=Fastening screws
6=Jointed eyelet
7=Mounting plate
U2B in
normal position
Overhead U2B installation
Fig.4.1: Installing the U2B
4.4 U2Binstallation for tensile and compressive loading
The transducers can measure axial forces in torsional as well as compressive
directions. Alternating loads are also captured perfectly. For this purpose the
transducer must be installed without axial play. For dynamic sustained loading
the upper and lower threaded connectors must be pretightened with lock nuts
to more than the maximum load. For this purpose tighten the lock nuts fully
under nominal load in the tensile direction. If a locknut is used, the torque
must on no account be conducted through the transducer.

14 U2B
HBM A03823.3en/de/fr
5 Electrical connection
5.1 Notes on cabling
Electrical and magnetic fields often cause noise voltage induction in the mea
suring circuit. This interference arises most commonlyfrom highpower trans
mission lines running parallel to the measuring circuits, but mayalso come
from nearbyprotective contacts or electric motors. Noise voltage induction
can also occur on galvanic paths, especiallyif the measuring equipment is
earthed at several points.
Please note the following instructions:
•Use onlyshielded, lowcapacitance measuring cable from HBM.
•Laymeasuring cable so that it is not parallel to hightension lines or control
circuits. If this is not possible (e.g. in cable shafts), protect the measuring
cable with e.g. steel conduit and keep it at least 50 cm awayfrom the other
cables. Hightension lines or control circuits should be twisted (15 turns per
metre).
•Strayfields from transformers, motors and protective contacts must be
avoided.
•Do not multiearth transducers, amplifiers and displaydevices. All devices
in the measuring system must be connected to the same protection circuit.
•Link the connector cable shield to the transducer housing.
•Connection diagram, earthing scheme (GreenLine)

15
U2B
HBMA03823.3en/de/fr
5.2 Sixwire connection
The grey and greenwires that are provided in addition to the conventional
fourwire connection pick off the actual value of the bridge excitation voltage
on the transducer and feeds it back to the appropriate measurement electron
ics. This then corrects the excitation voltage so that the set value is available
to the transducer lossfree. Possible changes in the resistance of the cable
due to temperature or a cable extension are therefore constantlycorrected,
even during a measurement. It is therefore possible to extend the cable
without anyproblem.
wh (white)
bk (black)
rd (red)
bu (blue)
gn (green)
gy(grey)
ye (yellow)
Measuring signal (+) UA
Bridge excitation voltage (+) UB
Sensor circuit (−)
Sensor circuit (+)
Bridge excitation voltage (−) UB
Measuring signal (−) UA
Cable shielding, connected to housing
Fig.5.1: U2B pin assignment
Earthing scheme (GreenLine)
The cable shielding is connected in accordance with the Greenline scheme.
Under this scheme, the measuring system is enclosed in a Faradaycage.
Inside this cage, electromagnetic interference has no effect on the measuring
signal. The transformer section is protected from electromagnetic influences
byspecial electronic coding procedures.
When there is interference due to potential differences (balance current), the
connections between zero operating voltage and the bodyof the casing must
be separated on the amplifier and a potential equalisation line must be fitted
between the housing and the amplifier housing (highlyflexible stranded wire,
10 mm2line crosssection).

16 U2B
HBM A03823.3en/de/fr
5.3 Fourwire connection
If the force transducers have to be operated with an amplifier in fourwire
connection, then connect the black wire with the grey and the greenwire
with the blue. This changes transducer sensitivityby0.022 %. The change in
the temperature coefficient of sensitivity(TKC)) is neglible. Changing the ca
ble length changes the sensitivity. There is no correction for the effects of tem
perature on the cable. In fact, even with fourwire connection the accuracyob
tained is adequate for manymeasurement technologyrequirements.

17
U2B
HBMA03823.3en/de/fr
6Technical Data
Technical Data inaccordance withVDI/VDE 2638
Force transducer typeU2B
Ratedforce Fnom kN0.5 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200
Fnom ft−lb
1000
0.375 0.75 1.5 3.75 7.5 15 37.5 75 150
Accuracy class 0.2 0.1
Ratedsensitivity Cnom mV/V 2
Rel. sensitivity variance
Tension/compression dc%<0.2/1.5 <0.2/0.5
Rel. zerosignal variance ds,o %<1
Hysteresis error (0.5 Fnom)u%<0.2 <0.15
Linearity variation dlin %<0.2 <0.1
Influence of temperature
on sensitivity/10 K
relative to sensitivityTKc%0.1
Influence of temperature
on the zerosignal/10 K
relative to sensitivityTK0%0.05
Influence of eccentricity
(1mm) dE% 0.05
Influence of lateral force
(Lateral force 10% Fnom)1) dQ%0.1
Rel. leakage over 30 mindcrF+E %<"0.06
Input resistance RiΩ >345
Output resistance RoΩ300...400
Insulation resistance Ris Ω >2⋅109
Reference excitation
voltageUref V 5
Service range of excitation
voltage
BU,GT V 0.5...12
Ratedtemperature rangeBt,nom °C[°F] −10 ... +70 [+14 ... +158]
Service temperature rangeBt,G °C[°F] −30 ... +85 (120)2) [−22 ... +185 (248)2)]
Storage temperature rangeBt,S °C[°F] −50 ... +85 [−58 ... +185]
Reference temperature tref °C[°F] +23 [+73.4]
Max. operating force (FG) % 130 150
Breaking force (FB) % >300
Static lateral force limit1) (FQ) % 25
Nominal displacementSnom mm <0.1 <0.07 <0.09
Fundamental resonance
frequency
fGkHz 4 6 8.7 14 17.5 8 8.5 6 5.6
Weightkg 0.8 2.9 4.3 10.7 15.9
Rel. permissible vibration
loading
Frb % 100 160
Protection system
acc. toDIN EN 60529 IP67
Lengthof cable, 6wire connection 3 m 6 m 12 m
1) relative to a force triggering point 20 mm over the membrane
2) Class 120 version optional. The technical data in the extenden service temperature range maydiffer from
the data mentioned above. The 120°C(248 °F) version cannot be used for zero−related long−term
measurements.

18 U2B
HBM A03823.3en/de/fr
7Dimensions
drawn
offset by
45°
Ball R
Locknut MA
see table
Cable ∅6.5 mm
Rated
force
∅A−0.2 B∅C D E F ∅G H J K L M
kN
0.55 50 72 21 47 24 1.5 42 4xM5 13 43.5 4.2 M12
10 7.6
20 90 112 33 72 38 2 70 4xM10 20.5 63.5 10.6 M20x1.5
50 100 141 40 86 47 6 78 4xM12 19 68 13.2 M24x2
100 135 197 68 122 67 17 105 8xM12 16 85.5 19 M39x2
200 155 232 82 142 85 19 125 8xM16 26 95.5 24.2 M48x2
Rated
force
N O ∅Sf8H8 SW T∅U∅VXY*MA
(NVm)
Ball R
kN
0.55 19 6 34 19 1.6 9.5 22 20 35 60 60
10
20 15 10 55 30 17 34
30 50
300 100
50 20 12 61 36 220 42 500
100 29 19 79 60 36 70 2500 160
200 32 22 97 70 2.2 43 84 4500

19
U2B
HBMA03823.3en/de/fr
Aidtoinstallation
Jointedeyelet ZGOW Jointedeyelet ZGUW
Material: tempered steel, galvanised; rolled steel and Teflon/bronze fabric foil
Central
bearing
ring
Central
bearing
ring
Rated
force
inkN
Order Nr.
Jointedeyelet
ZGOW
Weight
inkgA∅B D F G H ∅KMSW W
0.510 1U2A/1t/ZGOW 0.2 22 12H732 50 66 12 22 M12 19 16
20 1U2A/2t/ZGOW 0.5 33 20H750 77 102 18 34 M20x1.5 32 25
50 1U2A/5t/ZGOW 0.8 42 25H760 94 124 22 42 M24x2 36 31
100 1U2A/10t/ZGOW 3.2 50 50 +0.002
0.014 115 151 212.5 28 65 M39x2 60 35
200 1U2A/20t/ZGOW 4.8 60 60 +0.003
0.018 126 167 235 36 82 M48x2 70 44
Rated
force
inkN
Order Nr.
Jointedeyelet
ZGUW
Weight
inkgA∅B D F G H MSW W X
0.510 1U2A/1t/ZGUW 0.1 33 12H732 54.5 70.5 12 M12 19 16 7
20 1U2A/2t/ZGUW 0.2 47 20H750 79.8 104.8 18 M20x1.5 30 25 9
50 1U2A/5t/ZGUW 0.4 54 25H760 94.5 124.5 22 M24x2 36 31 10
100 1U2A/10t/ZGUW 1.1 65.5 50+0.002
0.014 115 148.5 210 28 M39x2 60 35 16
200 1U2A/20t/ZGUW 3.2 80 60+0.003
0.018 126 168 236 36 M48x2 75 44 18

ZGOW
ZGUW
B
A
F
C
20 U2B
HBM A03823.3en/de/fr
U2Bforce transducer complete with
jointedeyelets ZGOW, ZGUW
Rated
force in
kN
AminAmax FminFmax Minimum
screwedin
depth
Maximum
screwedin
depth
BC
0.510 139 156 171 188 9.6 9.6 25
20 212 234 262 284 16 16 40
50 260 288 320 348 19.2 19.2 55
100 418 436 541 559 27 31.2 75
200 466 489 602 625 36.6 38.4 90
Aidtoinstallation
U2B, with ZGOW, wi
thout adapter ∅
∅
MA
Base plate,
customer side,
shown
offset 45°or 22.5°
K*
*Recommended mass in relation
to minimum screwedin depth
Rated
force in
kN
D∅G H J K ∅SMA1)
[NVm]
0.510 47 42 4xM5 13 84...86.4 34 5
20 72 70 4xM10 20.5 131.6 55 35
50 86 78 4xM12 19 158.2 61 60
100 122 105 8xM12 16 244 79 60
200 142 125 8xM16 26 270.2 97 150
1) Recommended values when using a torque wrench on drythread