Holdpeak 6300 User manual

6300/6300A/6300B

33/4DIGITAL AUTOMOTIVEENGING

ANALYZERMULTIMETER

OPERATIONMANUAL

Thisinstrumentisacompact batteryoperated handheldwithsafetyprotector

streamline 33/4digitalautomotiveengine analyzermultimeterformeasuringDC/ACVoltage,

DC/ACCurrent, Resistance, ,Capacitance,Frequencyand Dutycycle,Temperature,

Diode/Continuitytest, Tachometer, Dwell .ms-PULSE,Analog

Frequency/Duty/Voltage/ResistanceSignalOutput ,Itisanidealinstrumentforall drivers.

Safety

DANGER

Enginesproducecarbon monoxide whichisodorless, causesslowerreactiontime.andcan lead

toseriousinjury.when the engine isoperatingkeep serviceareasWELLVENTILATEDorattach

the vehicleexhaust systemtothe shopexhaust removalsystem.

Set theparkingbrakeandblock the wheelsbeforetestingorrepairingthe vehicle.itis

especiallyimportanttoblock the wheelsonfront-wheeldrivevehicles:Theparkingbrakedose

notholdthedrivewheels.

Wearan eyeshieldwhen testingorrepairingvehicles.exceeding the limitsofthismeteris

dangerous,itwillexposeyou toseriousorpossiblyfatalinjury.carefullyread and understand the

cautionsandthe specification limitsof thismeter.

Voltagebetween anyterminalandground must not exceed1000VDC or750VAC.

Usecaution when measuringvoltageabove25VACorDC.

Circuit testedmustbe protested bya10Afuseorcircuit breaker.

Donotusethemeterif it hasbeen damaged

Donot usethe test leasifthe insulation isdamagedor metalisexposed .

Use current clampstomeasurecircuitsexceeding10A.

Danger

Avoidelectricalshock : do nottouchthe test leads,tipsorthecircuitbeingtested.

Donottryavoltagemeasurement withthetest leadsinthe 10Aorthe mAterminal.

*Whentestingforthepresenceofvoltageorcurrent.makesurethe meterisfunction

correctly,takeareading ofaknownvoltageorcurrent beforeacceptingazeroreading.

*Choosethe properrangeandfunction forthe measurement.donottryvoltageorcurrent

measurementsthatmayexceed the ratingsmarked onthe function/rangeswitchorterminal.

*Whenmeasuringcurrent. Connect the meterinserieswiththeload.

*Neverconnectmorethan onesetoftest leadstothemeter.

*Disconnectthelivetest leadbeforedisconnectingthecommon test lead.

*ThemAandthe10Aterminalsareprotected byfuses.toavoidpossibleinjuryordamage.use

onlyinciruitslimitedto400mAor10Acontinuousfor15 seconds.

See Also:

MeterFunctions

*DutyCycle

*msPulse

DutyCycle,what isit?

RPM/Dis

IntheRPMfunctionthemeterdefaultstoRPM(1)forconventional4-cycleengines.

Press theRPM/DISbuttontotoggletoRPM(1)for2-cycleenginesorwastespark(DIS)4-cycle

engines.

Meterfunctions

Meterfunctions-voltage(V)

Themeterwill automaticallyselect the best voltage(V)range.

Press “SELECT”buttontoselectACorDC.

Insert:

*black leadinCOMterminal.

*red leadinV/Ω/RPMterminal.

TouchtheBlack probetothecircuit comingfromthe powersource.

TouchtheRed probetothecircuit comingfromthe powersource.

IMPORTANT:voltagemustbemeasuredinparallel(redprobemeasuring circuitfrom

powersource).

Accuracy

Selectionofalowerrangewill movethe decimalpointone placeandincreasethe accuracy

ofthereading.AnOL(Overlimit)displaymeansthe rangeistoolow.selectthe nexthigher

range.

MeterFunctionsResistance(Ω)

IMPORTANT: ifyouaretestinganapplicationthathascapacitorsinthecircuit.besuretoturn

the powerOFF onthetestcircuitanddischargeall capacitors.Accuratemeasurementisnot

possibleif externalorresidualvoltageispresent.

Selecttheresistance (Ω)settingwiththe rotaryswitch.

Selectthe resistance (Ω)rangewiththe button labeled “RANGE ”

ifamoreaccuratemeasurement isdesired.

Insert:

*Black leadinCOMterminal.

*Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

NOTE:

Theresistanceinthetestleadscaneffectaccuracyatthe400range.Shorttheleadstogether

andpressthe “REL”buttontoautomaticallysubtracttheleadresistanceform theresistance

measurements.

Touchthetestleadprobesacrosstheresistortobetested.

MeterFunction:AudibleContinuity

IMPORTANT:Turn thepowerOFF on thetestcircuit

Select the Audiblecontinuity rangewiththe rotaryswitch.

Press “SELECT”buttontoselect Audiblecontinuity.

Insert:

*Blacklead in COM terminal.

*Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

Connect onetest probe toeach endofthe circuit tobe tested.

*circuit complete.The meterwill “beep

*circuit open,theseisno “beep”and thedisplayshows “OL”

meterfunctions-Diodecheck

IMPORTANT: Turn thepoweroff tothetestcircult

Select the diodeCheck( )settingwiththe rotaryswitch.

Insert:

*Black leadin COM terminal.

*Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

TouchtheBlack testprobe tothe negative(-) side of thediode.

TouchtheRed testprobestothepositive(+) side of thediode.

Reversethe probes: Black tothe positive(+) side and Redtothenegative(-)side.

NOTE:

A ”good ”diodewill read lowinonedirectionandhighintheotherdirectionwhen theprobesare

reversed (orviceversa).

Adefectivediode will havethe samereading inbothdirectionsorread between 1.0to3.6V in

bothdirections.

Meterfunctions-Capacitance

IMPORTANT:turn thepowerOFF tothevehiclecircuittobe

tested.Dischargethecapacitor leadstogether.Use theDCvolts

function toconfirm thatthecapacitor isdischarge.

Select the CAP rangewiththe rotaryswitch.

Press “SELECT”button toselect capacitancemeasurement CAP

Insert:

*Black leadin COM terminal.

*Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

NOTE:

*Holdingthe probeswitchyourhandsmaychargethe capacitanceincircuitandgenerateafalse

reading.

*Residualvoltagechargesonthecapacitor.poorinsulationresistanceorpoordielectric

absorption maycausemeasurement errors.

Meterfunctions-temperature(Temp)

IMPORTANT:toavoidheatdamagetothemeter,keepitawayfrom sourcesofveryhigh

temperature.Thelifeofthetemperatureprobeisalsoreducedwhensubjectedtovery

high temperature(operating rangeis-50℉to2,000℉).

Select the or ℉. settingwiththe rotaryswitch.

Insertthe temperatureprobeconnectorintothe K+ and K-

socket.

Touchtheendofthetemperaturesensortotheareaor

surfaceofthe objecttobe measured.

Meterfunctions frequency(Hz)

Select the frequency(Hz)settingwiththe rotaryswitch.

Insert:

*Black leadin COM terminal.

*Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

Connect theBlacktestprobetoground.

ConnecttheRed testprobe to “signalout”Wireofthe sensor

tobetested.

NOTE:

Forfrequenciesbelow1Hz. the displaywill show0.000Hz.

Meterfunctions RPM/X10RPM

Select the RPM rangewiththe rotaryswitch.

OR selectthe X10RPM rangewithrotaryswitch(4,000 to12,000RPM).Multiplythe displayed

readingtimestentoget actualRPM.

Insert the induction pick-up connectingterminalintothemeter.

*Groundleadin COM terminal.

*output lead in V/Ω/RPM terminal.

Connecttheinductivepick-up toasparkplugwire.ifnoreading

isreceived , unhooktheclamp, turnitoverandconnectagain.

Press the “RPM”button totogglebetween RPM1for2 –

cycle/Distributorless lgnition system(DIS)orRPM2for4 –

Cycleengines.

NOTE:

*Position theinductivepick-up asfarawayfromthe distributorand the exhaustmanifoldas

possible.

*Positiontheinductivepick-uptowithinsixinchesofthesparkplug ormoveittoanotherplug

wireifnoreadingoran erraticreadingisreceived.

Meterfunctions DutyCycle(%)

Select the %DutyCycle rangewiththerotaryswitch.

Insert:

*Black leadin COM terminal.

*Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

Connect theBlacktestprobetoground .

Connect theRedtestprobe tothesignalwirecircuit.

Meterfunction mspulse

Select the mspulse rangewiththe rotaryswitch.

Insert:

*Black leadin COM terminal.

*Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

Connect theBlacktestprobetoground.

ConnecttheRedtestprobetothesignalwirethatconnectsto

the componenttobe measured.

Meterfunctions Dwell

Select the Dwell range withthe rotaryswitch.

Insert:

*Black leadin COM terminal.

*Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

Connect theBlacktestprobetoground .

Connect theRed testprobe tothesignalwirethat connectstothe

breakerpoints.

Meterfunctions ACor DC current(A)

Select the 10A or mA rangewiththe rotaryswitch.

Press the “SELECT”function buttontoselectACorDC.

Insert:

*Black leadin COM terminal.

*Red leadinthe10AormA terminal.

IMPORTANT:

TurnOFF all powertothe circuit ordisconnect the circultfromthe

powersource.

Connect:

*the Redprobe tothe side of thecircuit closest tothe powersource.

*the Black probe totheside of thecircuit toground.

*TurnthepowerONand test .

NOTE :

Current mustalwaysbemeasured withthemetertest probesconnected inseriesasdescribed .

MAINTENANCE

(1)Themultimeterisaprecision electronicdevice.Donottamperwiththe circuity.toavoid

damage:

A: Neverconnectasourceof voltageunderthe conditionofresistancemeasurement .

B : Neveroperatethemeterunless the coverisinplaceand fullyclosed .

C:Batteryreplacementshouldbedone afterthetestleadshavebeendisconnectedand

POWERIS OFF .

(2)turnoffthepowerifthe meterisnot inuse, removed thebatteryifthemeterwillbe free for

longperiod .

(3)If asign“ ” appearonthedisplay,openthe compartmentcover,removethespent

batteryand replaceitwithabatteryofthe sametype .

(4) Contactwith themaintenance service centerofourcompanyifyou havetrouble.

BasicDiagnosticTesting

Thischapterleadsyou throughasystematicseriesofteststhatcheck thevehicleelectrical

system. Thesetestsshouldde performedbeforetestingindividualcomponents.

ElectricalSystemDiagnostics

It isimportanttodiagnoseavehicleelectricalproblemthoroughlyand efficiently.

Theseriesofteststhatfollowcheckprimaryareasthatareresponsibleforthemajorityofthe

electricalproblemsfound inanautomobile.perform thesebasictests,even ifavehiclehasa

troublecode setinthecomputer.Acomponentmalfunctiondetected bythe computercan be

causedbyabasicgroundproblemintheelectricalsystem.simplyreplacingafailedcomponent

will notfixthe problemifapoorgroundcausedthecomponentfailure.

Thetestsbeginbycheckingthemainsourceofpowerandthechassisgroundcircuit

connections.Ground circuitsareone ofthe leastunderstood butpotentiallymosttroublesome

areasofautomotiveelectronics .An excessivevoltageground inacircuiteffectstheentire

electricalcircuit.thisiswhyitisimportanttomakesurethe basiccircuitareingood shape

beforecheckingtroublecodesand components.

BatteryTesting

[1]BatteryTest(surface Discharge)

NOTE:

*Removethepositiveand negativebatterycablesand

thoroughlyclean thecableterminalsand the batteryposts.

Reassembleandbegintesting.

*TheignitionswitchmustbeOFF topreventdamagingthe

vehiclecomputerwhen connectingordisconnectingbattery

cables.

Thistestchecks foralowcurrentdischargeacross thebattery

case.

*Set the rotaryswitchto voltage.

*connect the negative(-) lead tothenegativebatterypost.

*Touchthe positive(+)lead tothebatterycasearound thepositive(+) batterypost,Donottouch

the post.

Areadingofmorethan0.5Vindicatesexcessivesurfacedischarge.

Dirt,moistureand corrosion areacauseofsurfacedischarge.clean thebatterywithabaking

soda andwatersolution.donot allowthe solution toget intothe battery.

[2]StaticBatteryTest(NoLoad)

Thistest checks forbatterychangestate.

·Turnthe headlightson for15 secondstodissipatebattery

surfacecharge.

IMPORTANT: Theignition switchmustbe OFF when

connectingordisconnectingbatterycablestoprevent

damagingthe vehiclecomputer.

·Disconnectthenegative(-) batteryterminal.

·Set the rotaryswitchtovoltage.

·Connect thepositive(+) lead tothepositive(+) batterypost.

·Connect thenegative(-) lead tothenegative(-) batterypost.

Areadingofless than 12.4V indicatesan undercharged battery. Rechargebeforetesting.

NO LOADTEST

MeterReading BatteryCharge

12.6V 100%

12.4V 75%

12.2V 50%

12.0V 25%

NOTE:

Leavethebatterycableunhooked andproceed tothetest onthe followingpage.

[3]BatteryTest(ParasiticLoad)

Thisisforexcessiveparasiticdrainon the battery.

·Turnthe ignitionswitchandall accessoriesOFF.

IMPORTANT:Donotstartthevehicleduring thistest;

meterdamagemayresult.

·Set the rotaryswitchto10A.

·Insert the positive(+) lead intothe 10Ameterterminal.

·Disconnect the batterypositive(+) cable.

Connect thepositive(+) lead tothepositive(+) batteryterminal.

·Connect thenegative(-) lead totheDisconnectpositive(+) batteryterminal.

Parasiticdrawshouldnotexceed 100mA.

Ifthereexcessivedraw,removethe circuitfuse,oneatatime,until the excessivedrawislocated.

Alsocheck the non-fused applicationssuchasheadlights,computerrelaysand capacitorsinthe

instrumentpanel.

Reconnect the batterycableforthenext test .

[4]BatteryTest(Load) Thisteststhebattery’scapacitytodeliversufficientcranking

voltage.

·Set the rotaryswitchto Voltage.

·Connect thepositive(+) lead topositive(+)batteryterminal.

·Connectthenegative(-) lead tonegative(-)batteryterminal.

·Disabletheignition;cranktheengine for15seconds.

Check theMin.display.Areadingofless than 9.60V@70°

indicatesaweakbattery. Recharge/replacebeforetesting.

VoltageLoadTest

Meterreading Battery/air temperature

10.0V 90F/33℃

9.8V 80F/27℃

9.6V 70F/21℃

9.4V 60F/16℃

9.2V 50F/10℃

9.0V 40F/4℃

8.8V 30F/-1℃

8.6V 20F/-7℃

NOTE:

·Foreach10℉aboveorbelow70℉, add orsubtract0.2volt.

·Batterytemperaturecan becheckedwiththemetertemperatureprobe.

VoltageDrop Testing

Resistance,Whatisit?

Resistanceisanopposingforce,createdbyacircuitorcomponent, tothe flowofelectrical

current.

Thereisasmall amountofnaturalresistancewhenvoltageflowsthoughwires,switches,

groundsorconnections.The resistanceincreasesbeyond acceptablelimitsifcorrosion develops,

fittingsbecomelooseorwirefray.ResistanceIncreaseseachtimesomething,suchaswire,a

switch, connections,orthe ground areaddedinthecircuit.

VoltageDrop,Whatisit?

Voltagedrop isthedifferenceinvoltagepotentialwhen measuredacross acircuitorcomponent

creatingresistance.

Theresistancedecreasesthe amountofvoltageavailable.The bulbwillnotlightorthe motorwill

not turnifthe voltageistoo low. Maximum VoltageDrop

Maximumvoltagedrop shouldnot bemorethan 0.1volt perwire, ground, connection,

switchorsolenoid.

Whatshouldbetested?

Eachwire,ground,connection,switchsolenoidandthe completecircuitshouldbetested.Each

connection point isapotentialsourceof increased resistance.

VoltageDrop Testing

[1]Negative(-)EngineGround

Thistest checks forengine ground efficiency.

·Set the rotaryswitchto Voltage.

·Touchthe positive(+) lead tothe positive(+) batterypostand the negative(-) lead tothe

negative(-) batterypost. Notethereading…thiswillbe the basevoltagetocompareyourtest

voltagereadingagainst.

·Connect thepositive(+) lead toacleanspot on theengine block.

·Connect thenegative(-) lead tothenegativebatterypost.

·Disabletheignition sotheengine doesn’t start; cranktheengine for2-3seconds.

Theexampleshownhas2connectors, 1wire, 1ground and 1terminaltobatterypost. Avoltage

drop ofmorethan0.5voltswouldindicateapoorgroundcircuit.

Clean and inspectthebatterycableconnectionstest and theground; test again.

Important: Repeatthistestwhentheengine isthoroughlywarmed up.Heatexpansionofmetal

maycauseresistancetoincrease.

[2]Negative(-) ChassisGround

Thistest checks forchassisground efficiency.

·Set the rotaryswitchto Voltage.

·Establishthe basevoltagethatyou willcomparetestvoltage

against (see basevoltage, Volt Drop Test [1]).

·Connect the positive(+) lead tothe point onthe fender,firewall

orvehicleframewherethe accessoryground isfastened.

·Connect thenegative(-) lead tothenegativebatteryterminal.

·Turnall ofthe accessoriesON(bright lights, A/Cfan –high,rear

windowdefroster, windshieldwipers,etc.).

·Disabletheignition sothe engine doesn’tstart;crankthe engine

for2-3seconds.

Theexampleshownhas2connectors,1wire,1groundand1

terminaltobatterypost. Avoltagedropofmorethan0.5volts

wouldindicateapoorground circuit .

Clean and inspectthebatterycableconnectionsand theground ; test again.

[3]BatteryPowertoStarterSolenoid(+)

Thistest checks batterysourceefficiencytothe startersolenoid.

·Set the rotaryswitchto Voltage.

·Establishthe basevoltagethatyou will comparetestvoltageagainst(see basevoltage,Volt

Drop Test [1] ).

·Connect thepositive(+) lead tothepositive(+) batteryterminal.

·Connect thenegative(-) lead tothepositive(+) terminalon the startersolenoid.

·Disabletheignition sotheengine doesn’t start ; cranktheengine for2-3seconds.

Theexampleshownhas2connectorsand 1wire,Avoltagedrop ofmorethan0.3voltswould

indicateapoorgroundcircuit .

Clean and inspectthebatterycablesandcableconnections; testagain.

Important :Repeatthistestwhen the engineisthoroughlywarmed up .Heatexpansion of metal

maycauseresistancetoincrease.

[4]BatteryPowertoCompleteStarterCircuit(+)

Thistest checks batterypowerefficiencytothestarterthroughthestartersolenoid.

·Set the rotaryswitchto Voltage.

·Establishthe basevoltagethatyou will comparetestvoltageagainst(seebasevoltage,Volt

Drop Test [1] ).

·Connect thepositive(+) lead tothepositive(+) batteryterminal.

·Connect thenegative(-) lead the positive(+) terminalonthe startermotor.

·Disabletheignition sotheengine doesn’t start ; cranktheengine for2-3seconds.

Theexampleshownhas4connectorsand2wire,and 2solenoidconnections.Avoltage drop of

morethan0.8voltswouldindicateapoorground circuit.

Clean and inspectthebatteryand startercables, solenoidandcableconnections; testagain.

Note: Adefectivestartersolenoidmaycausean excessivevoltagedrop;checkthecablesand

connectionsbeforereplacingthe solenoid.

StarterMotor Testing

[1]Starter Current

Thebatterytestsandthe voltagedrop testshaveverified thatthereisadequatebatteryvoltage

at thestarter.Next , check forexcessivestartermotorcurrent draw.

·Connect acurrent clamparound thenegative(-) orpositive(+)batterycable.

·Set the rotaryswitchtothe 400mV setting.

NOTE:1mV=1Amp.

·TheMinreadingwill be the negativecurrentdraw.

·Disabletheignition sotheengine doesn’t start ; cranktheengine for2-3seconds.

NOTE:

Thecurrentclampmeasuresampsinthe direction ofelectricalflow.Makesurethe arrowon the

clampispointedinthe direction ofthe currentflowinthecable.

Quick Test

Turnthe ignitionand all accessoriesOFF, Placetheclampon the batterycable,thenturnthe

headlightson. If thereadingisnotnegative,disconnect the clamp, turnit overandreconnect .

ApproximateAperageDraw

4Cyl 150-180 Amp,Maximum

6-8Cyl, Under300CID 180-210 Amp,Maximum

6-8Cyl, Over300 CID 250 Amp,Maximum

Charging SystemTests

[1]Battery(+)

Thistest checks foralternatoroutputvoltageat thebattery.

·Set the rotaryswitchto Voltage.

·Connect thepositive(+) lead tothepositive(+) batteryterminal.

·Connect thenegative(-) lead tothenegative(-) batteryterminal.

·Marksureall vehicleaccessoriesareturnedOFF.

·Start the engine andholdat 1500RPM.

Areadingof13.1-15.5voltsisan acceptablechargingrate, Ifthevoltageislowcheck for:

·Loose, cracked,orglazed drivebelt .

·Looseorfaultywiresorconnectors.

·Defectivealternatororregulator. See[2]AlternatorVoltageOutput(+), Loaded.

[2]Alternator VoltageOutput(+), loaded

Thistestchecks foralternatoroutputvoltage.Thistestisnecessaryonlyifthe vehiclefailed [1]

Battery(+) test.

·Set the rotaryswitchtothe Voltagesetting.

·Connect thepositive(+) lead tothebattery(B+) outputpost onthe back ofthe alternator.

·Connect thenegative(-) lead tothenegative(-)batteryterminal.

·Start the engine andholda1500RPM.

Areadingof13.1-15.5voltsisan acceptableChargingrate.

[3]Alternator Amperage(A)Output, Battery

Thistest checks foralternatorchargingrateefficiencyat thebattery.

·Connect cureent Clamp(RPM-100, option)leadstothe meter.

·Connect theCurrentClamparound the negative(-) orpositive(+) batterycable.

·Set the rotaryswitchtothe Voltagesetting.

NOTE:1mV=1Amp

·Marksureall vehicleaccessoriesareturnedOFF.

·Start the engine andholdat 1500RPM.

TheAmperagereadingshouldbe5ampsorbetter.

NOTE:

Thecurrentclampmeasuresampsinthe direction ofelectricalflow.Makesurethe arrowon the

clampispointedinthe direction ofthe currentflowinthecable.

Quick Test :

Place theclampon thebatterycable,thenturntheheadlightson. Ifthereadingisnotnegative,

disconnecttheclamp, turn it over and reconnect.

Ignition SystemTests [1]Ignition Coil, PrimaryResistance Test(Ω).

Thistest checks primarywindingresistance.

IMPORTANT: Test the ignition coil coldandhot.

·Set the rotaryswitchtothe Resistance(Ω)setting.

INSERT:

·Black leadinCOMterminal.

Red leadinV/ΩRPMterminal.

·Disconnectthecoil fromthe vehiclewiringharness.

·NOTE:

Theresistanceinthe meterleadsmustbesubtracted togetanaccuratemeasurementatthe

0.50-2.0range.Shorttheleadstogetherand press the “TEL”Button.Themeterwill

automaticallysubtract the resistanceinthe leads.

·Connect thenegative(-) lead tothenegative(-) terminalon thecoil.

·Connect thepositive(+) lead tothepositive(B+) terminalon the coil.

Typicalmeasurementsarebetween0.50-2.0 Ω’sconsultthe manufacturer’sspecificationsfor

required resistancemeasurements.

[2]Ignition Coil , SecondaryResistance Test(Ω)

Thistest checks secondarywindingresistance.

IMPURTANT: Testtheignition coil coldandhot

·Set the rotaryswitchtothe Resistance(Ω)setting.

INSERT:

·Black leadinCOMterminal.

·Red leadinV/ΩRPMterminal.

·Disconnectthecoil fromthe vehiclewiringharness .

·Connect thenegative(-) lead tothehightension terminalonthecoil .

·Connect thepositive(+) lead tothe positive(B+) terminalonthe coil.

Typicalmeasurementsarebetween 6000-30000’sConsultthe manufacturer’sspecificationsfor

required resistancemeasurements.

[3]SecondaryIgnitionWireResistance Test(Ω)

Thistestchecks foropen circuitsorhighresistanceinthe

secondary(sparkplug)wires.

IMPORTANT:Twistand bendthesparkplugwirewhilemeasuring

the resistanceforthistest .

·Set the rotaryswitchtothe Resistance(Ω)setting.

INSERT:

·Black leadin COM terminal.

·Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

·Connect thetest probestooppositeendsofthesparkplugwire.

Typicalmeasurementsareapproximately1.000Ω’sperinchofwire.Forexample,10inch

cable=10.000Ω.

[4]Distributor Cap/Rotor ResistanceTest(Ω)

Thistest checks foropen circuitsorhigh.

Resistanceinthe distributorcap androtor.

·Set the rotaryswitchtothe Resistance(Ω).

INSERT:

·Black leadin COM terminal.

·Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

Dist. CapCenterConnector Test:

Connect thetest probestooppositeendsofthe distributorcapterminal.

Ingeneral,resistance(Ω)shouldbe 5k-10k. Refertothemanufacturer’sspecifications.

Rotor Test:

Connect thetest probestooppositeendsofthe rotorcontacts.

Ingeneral,resistanceshouldbe 0.1(Ω)orless. RefertotheManufacture’sspecifications.

[5]Pick-up Coil Resistance (Ω)/VoltageTest(V)

·TheResistancetestchecks foropen circuitsorhighresistance.

·TheVoltagetest comparesvoltageoutputtoresistance.

TestProcedure

·Set the rotaryswitchtothe Resistance(Ω).

INSERT:

·Black leadin COM terminal.

·Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

·Connect thetest probestothepick-upcoil lead .

ResistanceSpecifications

Themajorityofthepick-up coilswill testbetween 500-1500Ω’sresistance.Seemanufacture’s

specificationforrequired range.

·Set rotaryswitchto volts. Press theselectbutton ,AlternateFunction button toselectAC.

·Crankengine 10-15secondsatnormalspeed;measurevoltage.

ResistanceTest/VoltageOutput

Resistance(Ω)on a “good ”pickup coil will matchACoutputvoltage(Ex.,950Ω’s=950mV

output).Resistancecan be goodbutvoltagelowifthe magnethaslostmagnetismorifthe

reluctoristoofarfromthe stator(Airgap).

[6]Hall EffectSensorVoltageTest(V)

Thistest checks forswitchingaction inanyhall Effect sensor(Ignition, RPM, Crankshaft, etc.)

·Set the rotaryswitchtothe Voltage(V) position.

INSERT:

·Black leadin COM terminal.

·Red leadin V/Ω/RPM terminal.

·Connect theBlacktest probetothenegative(-) post onthe battery.

·Turnthe ignitionkeyON.TouchtheRed(+) test probe tothe threetestpoint shown.

·Groundreadingshouldbethesamevoltageasthe ground (Computerorbattery).

·Supplyline readingshouldbe thesamevoltageastheinput source(Computerorbattery).

·Signalline readingshouldbe 0orthe samevoltageastheinputsource(Computerorbattery).

Thereadingwill togglehighandlowastheshutterrotates.

BasicDiagnosticTesting

Thischapterdescribesacomputercontrolled sensorandactuatorsystemtypicallyFound on

today’sautomobile.

Testproceduresarealsoprovided forthe basicground ofelectricalinput andoutput components

commonlyfoundinacomputercontrolledautomotivesystem.Thetestproceduresare,dueto

the complexityofcomponents,generaltheorytests.Be suretoconsultthe vehicleservice

manualforcomponentschematics and test specifications.

ComputerControlledSystems

Aneedforbetterfueleconomyandloweremissionsresulted intoday’sautomobilesUtilizing

computercontrolled functionsthatwerepreviouslyactivated bymechanical,Electricaland

vacuumdevices.

Computerized vehiclecontrolsystemsaremadeupofthreebasiccomponentgroups.These

groupsare:

1.Sensors: theyareinputdevicesthatsupplyinformationaboutengine operatingconditions

and thesurroundingenvironmenttothe vehiclecomputer.

2.EngineControlModule: avehiclecomputerthatprocessestheinformationsupplied bythe

sensors, thensendsanelectroniccommandtotheappropriatecomponentsactuators.

3.Actuators: theseareoutputdevicesthatmaybe electrical,mechanicalorvacuum

componentscontrolledbythe vehiclecomputer.

Typical Sensors

TypicalActuators

BasicDiagnosticsfor thecomputer

ControlledEngine

Therearetwoimportantstepsthatmustalwaysbe followed when diagnosingand repairing

vehicleswithcomputercontrols.

·Dobasicenginediagnostics first.Manyproblemscanbe tracedtolack ofroutinemaintenance

on componentssuchasplugwires,filtersand sparkplugs.Alsocheck forvacuumleaks onany

vehicle,neworold,Acompletesengine diagnosisshouldprecede anyelectricalsystem

diagnostics.

·Followthe published diagnosticChartsExactlythrougheverystep tomarkarepair on

computercomponent.

Self-DiagnosticComputerSystems

One ofthe functionsofthe vehiclecomputeristorecordfaultcodesproduced when asensoror

Coolant

Sensor

Vacuum

Sensor

Throttle

Position

Sensor

RPM Barometric

Sensor

Oxygen

Sensor

Eleatro

Mechonic

carburelor

Fuel

injoctio

Ignltion

Spark

advance

ExhaustGas

Recirculeting

Valva

Air

Pump

Canister

Purge

Torque

Converter

clutch

Vehicle

Computer

actuatorfails.Thesefailuresareusuallydisplayed asa “CurrentCode”orasan “Intermittent

Failures”.Beaware,however,thatsomevehiclemanufacturersusedifferentterminologyand

oldervehiclesdonot haveall ofgroundof codesdescribed.

CurrentCodes arefaultsthatareactive.

·Hard Failure causesthe dash “check engine”light toremainON.

·IntermittentFailurecausesthe dash “check engine”lighttoflickerand then goOFF afterashort

period oftime.Generallythe troublecodestaysinthe computermemory.

HistoryCodes arestored codesforfaultsthat haveoccurred inthe past.

FailureCodes

When afailureisdetectedbethe computer,it storestheinformationintheformof “FaultCodes”

(alsoknownasTroubleCodesorServiceCodes).TheseFaultCodesareusuallyatwoorthree

digit numberthat identifiestheelectricalcircuit effected.Oncethesecodeshavebeenreadthe

vehiclerepair canbestares.Besuretocloselyfollowthevehicleservicemanualdiagnostic

procedures, repairsandspecifications.

ComponentTesting

Componenttestingwithametergenerallyrequiresdetailedschematics andspecificationsthat

areprovided bythe manufacture.The followingsection providesgeneralinformation forthemain

groupsof sensors(input)devicesandactuators(output)devices.

Theprimaryinput devices(sensors)are:

·Temperaturesensors

·2-wiredevices

·3-wiredevices

·Oxygen sensor

·pressuresensors

Primaryoutput devices(actuators)areaform ofan electromagnetthatiseitherONorOFF.The

ON/OFF signal, ingeneral, will be inoneof three configurations:

·ONofOFF only(switch)

·Pulsewidthinaspecifiedlengthoftime(fuelinjector)

·Dutycyclemeasuredinpercentofhighorlowtimeordwell degrees(mixturecontrol

solenoid)

DutyCycle, Whatisit?

Dutycycleisthe percentage(%)oftime avoltage ispositive

comparedtonegative:ONcomparedtoOFF.Forexample;duty

cyclemeasurementsareusedforMixturecontrolsolenoids.The

amountofONtimeismeasuredasapercent

ofthetotalON/OFF cycle.The metercanreadthenegative(-) orpositive(+)slope and displayit

asapercent (%)ofthetotalcycle.

Frequency(Hz), Whatisit?

Frequencyisthe numberoftimesavoltagepatternrepeats

positivecomparedtonegative: ONcompared toOFF,during

one (1)secondof time.Forexample:frequency(Hz)

measurementsarespecifiedfordigitallycontrolled manifold

AbsolutePressuresensors.The frequencyofthe ON/OFF

signalspersecond aremeasuredanddisplayed.

Frequency(Hz)isshownas Analog:A continuouspositiveto

negativecycle; or Digital:A positivetonegative/ONtoOFF

cycle.

Pulse Width. Whatisit?

Pulsewidthisthe lengthoftime an actuatorisenergized.For

example;fuelinjectorsareactivatedbyan electronicpulse

fromthe engine controlmodule.Thispulsegeneratesa

magneticfieldthatpullsthe injectornozzlevalveopen.The

pulseendsandtheinjectornozzleisclosed.This “opento

close”timeisthepulsewidthandismeasuredinmilliseconds

(mS).

TypicalPortfuelinjectors(TBI)operatewithasingleONtoOFF electricalpulse.

TypicalPortThrottleBodyinjectors(TBI)operatewithan ONtoHOLDtoOFF electricalpulse.

Thismethodcreatesadoubleelectrical “spike”.An oscilloscopeisrequired tomeasurethistype

ofpulse.

ComponentTests(input)

[1]TemperatureTests

Manycomponentsthatregulatetemperaturecan betestedbemeasuringthe surface

temperatureof theareasurroundingthecomponent.

·Connect thetemperatureprobetothemeter.

·Set the rotaryswitchtothe Temperature position.

·Touchtheendof the temperatureprobedirectlytothesurfaceof the componenttobe tested.

Compareyourreadingswiththe manufacturesSpecifications.Thetemperatureshouldbe within

±10℉(±5℃)of thedatastreamValues.

Someof thecomponentsthatcanbetested forTemperaturevariation are:

·Radiators

·Transmission

·Heaters

·A/CCondensers

·A/CEvaporators

·Engine CoolantSensors

·Air TemperatureSensors

[2]Thermistor (VariableResistance, 2-wire)Tests

Thermistorarevariableresistorsthataresensitivetotemperaturelevelchanges.Asthe

temperaturechanges,the thermistor’sresistancevalue changes.

·Select the Ohms (Ω)rangetherotaryswitch.

·Connect thetest probestothesensorterminals.

TheOhmsreadingshouldmatchthetemperatureofthesensor(see manufacturer’s

specifications).

Typicalthermistorapplicationsare:

·Engine CoolantTemp. (ECT)

·Air ChargeTemp. (ACT)

·ManifoldAir Temp. (MAT)

·VaneAir Temp. (VAT)

·ThrottleBodyTemp.(TBT)

VoltagePresence

·Disconnectthevehiclewiringharness atthesensor.

·Select the Voltagerangewiththe rotaryswitch.

Insert:

·Black leadinCOMterminal.

·Red leadinV/Ω/RPMterminal.

·Connect thetest probesinparallel:

positive(+) tothe circuitcomingfromthe powersource,negative(-) tothe negativecircuitfrom

the sensor.

·Turnthe ignitionswitchON; donot start10 the engine.

Measurement shouldbe5-9volts(check the manufacture’sspecifications).

VoltageChangeConnect jumperwiresbetween the connectorandthe sensor.

·Connect thetest probesinparallel:

Positive(+) tothe circuit comingfromthepowersource, negative(-) tothe Negativecircuit

fromthe sensor.

·Start the engine.

Thevoltageshouldchangeasthetemperaturechanges.Thisisthesignalthat issent tothe

computerforprocessing. Refertothe manufacturer’sspecifications. If thevoltagechangeis

notwithinspecifications,lookforsourcesofresistancedue topoorconnectors,connectionsor

breaks inthewiring.

[3]Potentionneter(VariableResistance, 3-wire)Tests

Thepotentiometerisavariableresistor.Thesignalit generatesisused bythevehiclecomputer

todetermine positionand direction ofmovementofadevicewithinthe component.

Resistance

·Set the rotaryswitchtothe Resistance(Ω)setting.

·Disconnectthesensor.

·Connectthe testprobestothe signalline andtothe ground(refertomanufacturer’sschematic).

Watchthedisplay; theOhmsreadingshouldchangeasthesignalarmonthepotentiometeris

moved (signalsweep).

Typicalpotentiometerapplicationsare:

·ThrottlepositionSensor(TPS)

·Exhaust GasRecirculationvalveposition Sensor(EVP)

·VaneFlowMeter(VAF)

Potentiometers(VariableResistance,3-wire)Tests

ReferenceVoltageTest

·Disconnectthevehiclewiringharness atthesensor.

·Select the Voltagerangewiththe rotaryswitch.

Insert:

·Black lead inCOMterminal.

·Red leadinV/Ω/RPMterminal.

·Connect thetest probesinparallel:

Positive(+) tothe computerreferencevoltagecircuit, negative(-) tothenegativesystem

ground circuitfromthe sensor.

·Turnthe ignitionswitchON: do not starttheengine.

Watchthedisplay. Readingshouldbe5-9volts(check themanuacturer’sspecifications).

Potentiometers(VariableResistance,3-wire)Tests

VoltageChange

·Connect jumperwiresbetween theconnectorandthesensor.

·Connect thetest probe inparallel:

positive(+) tothe signalline, negative(-) tothegroundcircuit.

·Turnthe ignitionkeyON, donot start the engine.

·Observethedisplay.The voltagedropshouldchangeastheposition ofthe signalarmon the

potentiometermoves(signalsweep).

Refertothe manufacturer’sspecifications. If the voltage changeisnotwithinspecifications,look

forsourcesofresistanceduetopoorconnectors, connectionsorbreaks inthe wiring.

[4]OxygenSensor (02)Test

This manual suits for next models

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