Kenwood Cs-2110 User manual

DELAYEDSWEEPOSCILLOSCOPE

CS-2110

100MHz

QUAD-TRACE

OSCILLOSCOPE

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL

CONTENTS

SAFETY

2

FEATURES

3

SPECIFICATIONS

3

PREPARATION

FORUSE6

CONTROLS

ANDINDICATORS

FRONTPANEL

7

REAR

PANEL

13

OPERATION

[1]

NORMAL

SWEEPDISPLAYOPERATION

14

[2]

MAGNIFIEDSWEEPOPERATION

15

[3]

DELAYEDSWEEPOPERATION

15

[4]

ALTERNATINGSWEEPOPERATION

16

[5]

DUALSWEEPOPERATION

16

[6]

X-YOPERATION

17

[7]

SINGLESWEEPOPERATION

17

[8]

DUALAND

QUAD

TRACEOPERATION

17

[9]

CASCADEDOPERATION

17

APPLICATION

PROBE

COMPENSATION

18

TRACE

ROTATIONCOMPENSATION

18

DCVOLTAGEMEASUREMENTS

18

MEASUREMENTOFTHEVOLTAGEBETWEEN

TWOPOINTS

ONA

WAVEFORM

19

ELIMINATION

OF

UNDESIREDSIGNAL

COMPONENTS.

19

TIME

MEASUREMENTS

20

FREQUENCY

MEASUREMENTS

20

PULSE

WIDTHMEASUREMENTS

21

PULSE

RISETIME

ANDFALLTIME

MEASUREMENTS

21

TIME

DIFFERENCEMEASUREMENTS

22

PHASE

DIFFERENCEMEASUREMENTS

23

RELATIVE

MEASUREMENTS

23

PULSE

JITTER

MEASUREMENTS

25

SWEEP

MULTIPLICATION

25

DELAYED

SWEEPTIMEMEASUREMENTS

26

PULSE

WIDTHMEASUREMENTSUSING

DELAYED

SWEEP

26

FREQUENCY

MEASUREMENTSUSING

DELAYED

SWEEP

27

PULSE

REPETITIONTIME

27

USINGDELAYEDSWEEPFORMEASUREMENT

OF

RISETIMES

ANDFALLTIMES

28

TIME

DIFFERENCEMEASUREMENTS

USINGDELAYEDSWEEP

28

X-Y

OPERATION

29

QUAD

TRACEAPPLICATION

30

DUALSWEEPAPPLICATION

30

ACCESSORIES

STANDARDACCESSORIESINCLUDED

32

INSTALLING

PROBEHOLDER

32

OPTIONAL

ACCESSORIES

32

MOUNTING

THEPROBEPOUCH(MC-78)

33

SAFETY

SymbolinThis

Manual

A

This

symbolindicateswhereapplicablecautionary

orotherinformationis

to

befound.

PowerSource

This

equipmentoperatesfrom

a

powersourcethatdoes

notapplymorethan250V

rms

between

the

supplycon-

ductors

or

betweeneithersupplyconductorand

ground.

Aprotective

ground

connection

by

way

of

the

grounding

conductorinthepowercordis

essential

for

safe

operation.

GroundingtheProduct

This

equipment

is

grounded

through

the

grounding

con-

ductor

of

thepowercord.

To

avoid

electrical

shock

plug

the

powercordinto

a

properlywiredreceptaclebefore

connecting

to

theequipmentinput

or

output

terminals.

Use

theProperPowerCord

Use

onlythepowercordandconnectorspecified

for

your

product.

Use

theProper

Fuse

To

avoidfirehazard,use

a

fuse

of

thecorrecttype.

DonotOperateinExplosiveAtmospheres

To

avoidexplosion,

donot

operatethisproduct

inanex-

plosive

atmosphere.

DonotRemovecoverorPanel

To

avoidpersonalinjury,

donot

removethecover

or

pan-

el.

Referservicing

to

qualifiedpersonnel.

2

FEATURES

•

Small

and

compactwithhigh

1

mV/divsensitivity

and

100

MHz

bandwidth(1mV/divwhen

X5

GAINfunction

is

used

and500

/A//div

for

cascadedoperation,channel

1

to

channel

2).

•

Bright

1

50mm

rectangular

CRT

with

an

internalgrati-

cule

and

a 20

kV

acceleratingpotential.

•

Vertical

axis

is

capable

of

single,dual

as

well

as

quad-

trace

display.

•

Dualsweepwithindependent

A andB

sweeps

is

pro-

vided

in

addition

to

singlesweep.

X10

magnification,

delayedsweep

and

alternatingsweepcapability.

•

Fast

20ns/divsweepspeed(2ns/divwith

X10

magnifi-

cation).

•A

switchingtypepowersupplyprovidesstableopera-

tionwithvaryingpowersources(90V-264V).

•A

convenientchannel

1

sampling

output

is

provided.

•

Gatesignaloutputs

for

both

A

sweep

and

B

sweep

are

provided

for

use

in

synchronizingperipheralequipment

tothesesweeps.

•A

convenientbeamfinderallows

youto

quicklylocate

elusive

traces.

•

CPU

controlledswitchingwithLEDlightedpushbutton

switches

provideseasy,reliableswitchingwithsetting

hold

capabilitywhen

the

scope

is

switched

off.

•

The

20MHz

bandwidthlimiterincorporatedeliminates

high-frequencynoises

and

stablizessignalwaveforms

displayed.

•

LED

indicatorsprovided

for

the

vertical

axis,

X5

GAIN,

UNCAL,horizontal

axis,

A/B

triggerpreventerroneous

operations.

•

The

circuitwhichvarieschopfrequencypermits

to

ea-

sily

observewaveformwhosefrequency

is

equal

to

the

chopfrequencymultiplied

or

divided

by

an

integer.

•

The

dualintensitycontrolcircuitpermits

to

varyinten-

sities

separately

for

A

and

B

sweeps.

•The

VIDEOsynchronizationcircuitpermits

to

observe

videosignaleasily.

•

When

waveformamplitudevaries,

the

FIXcircuitstabi-

lizes

triggeringautomatically

so

thattheoperatorisfree

fromcomplicatedsynchronizingoperations.

•

Accuracies

of

vertical

axis

and

horizontalsweeping

are

as

high

as

±

2%

at

10

-

35°C.

•

The

current

CAL

terminal

(10

mAp-p,

1

kHz)permits

to

calibrate

the

currentprobe.

SPECIFICATIONS

CRT

Model:

150KTM31

Type:

Rectangular,withinternal

graticule

Accelerating

potential:20kV

Displayarea:8divx10div(1

div=1

cm)

VERTICAL

AXIS(Channel1 andChannel2 identical

specifications)

Sensitivity

5mV/div

to

5V/div(X1

mode)

1

mV/div

to

1

V/div(X5

mode)

500//V/div(Cascadedopera-

tion,CH1toCH2)

Accuracy:

±2%(10~35°C)

±

4%

(0~

50°C)

±

7%

(Cascadedoperation,

CH1toCH2)

Attenuator:5mV/div

to

5V/div

in

1

-2-5

sequence,

all

10

rangeswith

fineadjustmentbetween

steps.

Inputresistance:

1 MQ ±

1

%

Input

capacitance:

Approx22pF

Frequencyresponse

DC:

DCto100MHz(-3

dB)

DCto140

MHz(-6

dB)

(unapplied

x 5

GAIN

mode)

DC

to

70

MHz(-3

dB)

Cascaded

operation,CH1

to

CH2

AC:

5

Hzto100MHz(-3

dB)

5

Hz

to

140MHz(-6

dB)

(unapplied

x 5

GAIN

mode)

7

Hzto

70

MHz(-3

dB),

Cascaded

operation,

CH1toCH2

Risetime:

3.5ns

Signal

delaytime:Approx10nsasdisplayed

onCRTscreen

Crosstalk:

-40dB

minimum

Operatingmodes:

CH1CH1,singletrace

CH2CH2,singletrace

DUAL

CH1

and

CH2,dualtrace

ADD

CH1

+CH2

(added)display

QUAD

CH1~

CH4,quadtrace

ALT

Dual

or

quadtracealternating

CHOPDual

or

quadtracechopped

CHOPfrequency:Approx

250

kHz,adjustable

Channelpolarity:Normal

or

inverted,

CH2

onlyinverted

A

Maximuminputvoltage:

800Vp-p

or

400V

(dc

+

acpeak)

3

SPECIFICATIONS

Maximum

undistorted

amplitude:

8

divisions,

minimum

(DC

to

100MHz)

Bandwidthlimiting:Verticalsystembandwidth

with

the

20MHzBW

pushbut-

ton

switch

pushedisapproxi-

mately

20MHz

CH1

to

CH2:

Less

than0.5ns

CH1,

CH2

to

CH3,CH4:

Less

than

1

ns

VERTICAL

AXIS(Channel3 andChannel4

common

specifications)

Sensitivity

0.1V/div,

1

V/div

±

2%

Attenuator:

1/1,1/10

Inputresistance:

1 M!2±

1

%

Inputcapacitance:Approx.

22pF

Inputcoupling

mode:

DC

only

Frequencyresponse:

DCto100MHz(-3dB)

DCto140

MHz(-6

dB)

(unapplied

x 5

GAIN

mode)

Risetime:

3.5ns

Signal

delaytime:SameasCH

1

and

CH2

Maximum

allowablevoltage

DC

component:

±0.5V

or

less

(ac

+

dc)

(±5V,

1/10

attenuated)

AC

component:

1

Vp-p(10

Vp-p,

1/10

attenuated)

or

less

A

Maximum

input

voltage:400V(dc

+

acpeak)

HORIZONTALAXIS(Channel2

input)

Modes:

X-Y

mode

is

switch

selectable

(HORIZDISPLAY)

X-Y

mode:

CH1:

Y-axis

CH2:

X-axis

Sensitivity:

Sameas

CH2

Accuracy:

Sameas

CH2

Input

resistance:

Sameas

CH2

Inputcapacitance:Sameas

CH2

Frequencyresponse:

DC:DCto

5 MHz

(-3dB)

DCto

7 MHz(-6

dB)

AC:

5

Hzto

5 MHz

(-3dB)

5

Hzto

7 MHz(-6

dB)

X-Y

phasedifference:

Less

than

3°at

100kHz

SWEEP

Modes

(switchablewiththeHORIZ

DISPLAY

switch):

A

sweep

ALT

B

sweepwaveformisdis-

playedas

an

intensified

por-

tion

of

the

A

sweepand

B

sweep

alternating

A-INT-B

B

sweepwaveformisdis-

playedasanintensified

por-

tion

of

the

A

sweep.

B

DLY'DDelayed

B

sweep

DUALDualsweep-Aand

B

sweeps,

independently

X-Y

X-Ydisplay

mode

Asweeptime:

20

ns/div

to

0.5s/div

in23

ranges,

in

1

-2-5sequence,

verniniercontrolprovides

fullyadjustablesweeptime

betweensteps.

B

sweeptime:20ns/div

to

50ms/div

in20

ranges,

in

1

-2-5sequence.

Accuracy:

±2%(10

~

35°C)

±4%(0

~

50°C)

Sweep

magnification:

X10±5%(10~

35°C)

±6%(0

~

50°C)

Linearity:

20ns/div

to

0.5s/div

±

3%

(±5%withX10magnifica-

tion)

HOLDOFF:Continuouslyadjustablefor

A

sweep

from

NORM

toX5

Trace

separation:

B

positionable

upto4

divisions

separated

from

A

sweep,

continuouslyadjusta-

ble.

Delaymethod:Continuousdelay,Triggerde-

lay

Delaytime:

0.2to10

timesthesweep

time

from

200ns

to

0.5s,con-

tinuouslyadjustable.

Time

differencemeasurementaccuracy:

±(1%

of

measurement+0.1%

offull

scale)

(10~

35°C)

±4%(0

~

50°C)

Delayjitter:

1

/20000

of

thefull

scale

sweep

time.

TRIGGERING

ATRIG

Atriggermodes:AUTO,

NORM,

SINGLE,

FIX:

atthecenter

of

the

waveform

Triggersource:

V

MODE,

CH

1,

CH2,(EXT)

CH3

1/1and

1/10,LINE

Coupling

modes:AC,

LFREJ,

HFREJ,

DC,VIDEO

VIDEO-LINEsyncautomatical-

ly

selected

at

sweeptimes

of

50jws/div

to

20ns/div.

VIDEO-FRAMEsyncautomati-

cally

selectedatsweeptimes

of0.5s/div

to

0.1ms/div.

Trigger

level:

± 90°

adjustable

Polarity:

+/-

4

SPECIFICATIONS

BTRIG

B

triggermodes:STARTSAFTERDELAY,

TRIGGERABLE

AFTERDELAY

Triggersource:CH

1,

CH2,(EXT)CH4

1

/1and

1/10

Couplingmodes:AC,

LFREJ,

HFREJ,

DC

Trigger

level:

±90°

adjustable

Polarity:

+/-

TRIGGER

SENSITIVITY

(AANDB)

~~~' I I

MINIMUM

SYNCAMPLITUDE

COUPLING

FREQRANGE• .

INT

EXTEXT1/10

DC~ 20MHz0.5div50mV0.5V

DCDC~ 50MHz1.0div100mV

1

.OV

DC~100MHz1.5div210mV2.1V

ArSameasforDCbutwith

increased

minimum

level

for

below

20Hz.

AC

HPR£J

Increased

minimum

level

below20Hzandabove30kHz.

AC

LFREJ

Increased

minimum

level

below30kHz.

VIDEO

FRAME/LINE| 0.5div| 50mV[ 05V

AUTO:Sameasabove

specifications

forabove50Hz.

FIX:

40Hz~ 20MHz1.0div(100mV)

40Hz~ 100MHz1.5div(210mV)

Jitter:

0.5nsmaximumat100MHz,

2ns/divsweeprate(X10MAGon)

CALIBRATING

VOLTAGE

AND

CURRENT

1

kHz± 3%Positivesquarewave

1V

±1%(1Q~35°C)

±2%(0~

50°C)

10mA±2%(10~

35°C)

±4%(0~

50°C)

INTENSITY

MODULATION

Inputsignal:TTL

level,

intensitydecreasing

with

morepositivelevels

Inputimpedance:Approx.10kQ

Usable

frequencyrange:DCto10MHz

AMaximuminputvoltage:50V(dc+ acpeak)

VERTICAL

AXIS

OUTPUT

SampledCH1

output

Output

voltage:50

mVp-p/div

(into5012load)

Output

impedance:Approx.5012

Frequency

response:DCto100MHz(-3dB)

(into50i2load)

GATE

OUTPUT

(AandB)

Output

voltage:Approx.1.5Vpositivegate

(into500X2load)

TRACE

ROTATION

Electrical,

adjustable

POWER

SUPPLY

Line

voltage:90~ 264V

Line

frequency:45~ 400Hz

Power

consumption:Approx.55W(at100V,50Hz)

DIMENSIONS

Width:

284mm(328mm)

Height:138mm(150mm)

Depth:400mm(471mm)

(

) dimensionsincludepro-

trusions

frombasic

case

out-

line

dimensions.

WEIGHT

7.4kg

ACCESSORIES

PC-29

Probes2

Instruction

manual1

Handbook

1

ACpowercord1

Panel

cover....,1

Probeholder1

OPTION

Accessory

bag(MC-78)

ENVIRONMENT

Operatingtemperatureand

humidityforguaranteed

specifications:

10~

35°C,

85%maximumRH

Full

operatingtemperature

andhumidityrange:0 ~

50°C,

90%maximumRH

Storagetemperatureand

humidityrange:-20~

+70°C,

80%maximum

Altitude:

Operating:5000m

Non-operating:

1

2000m

•Circuitandratingsaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice

duetodevelopmentsintechnology.

5

PREPARATIONFORUSE

SAFETY

Beforeconnecting

the

instrument

toa

powersource,care-

fullyread

the

followinginformation,

the

verifythat

the

properpowercord

is

used

andthe

properlinefuse

isin-

stalled

for

powersource.

Ifthe

powersource

isnotap-

plied

to

yourproduct,contactyourdealer.

Ifthe

power

cord

isnot

applied

for

specifiedvoltage,there

is

always

a

certain

amount

of

dangerfromelectricshock.

Line

voltage

This

instrumentoperatesusingac-powerinputvoltages

that90V

to

264Vatfrequenciesfrom

45Hzto400Hz.

Powercord

The

ground

wire

ofthe

3-wire

ac

power

plug

places

the

chassis

and

housing

ofthe

oscilloscope

at

earth

ground.

Do

not

attempt

to

defeat

the

ground

wireconnection

or

floattheoscilloscope;

todoso

maypose

a

greatsafetyha-

zard.Theappropriatepowercord

is

supplied

byan

option

that

is

specifiedwhen

the

instrument

is

ordered.

Theop-

tionalpowercordsareshown

in

Fig.

42.

Line

fuse

Thefuseholder

is

located

onthe

rearpanel

and

contains

thelinefuse.Verifythat

the

properfuse

is

installed

byre-

placingthelinefuse.

5.

Alwaysuse

the

probe

ground

clips

for

bestresults.

Do

not

usean

external

ground

wire

in

lieu

ofthe

probe

ground

clips,

asundesiredsignalsmay

be

introduced.

6.Operationadjacent

to

equipmentwhichproduces

strongacmagneticfieldsshould

be

avoidedwherepos-

sible.

Thisincludessuchdevices

as

largepowersup-

plies,

transformers,electricmotors,etc.,that

are

often

found

inan

industrialenvironment.Strongmagnetic

shields

can

exceed

the

practical

CRT

magneticshield-

inglimitsandresultinterferenceanddistortion.

7.Probecompensationadjustmentmatches

the

probe

to

the

input

ofthe

scope.

For

bestresults,compen-

sation

of

probe

should

be

adjustedinitially,then

the

same

probe

alwaysusedwith

the

input

of

scope.

Probecompensationshould

be

readjustedwhenever

a

probe

from

a

differentscopeisused.

8.

When

power

isoff,the

position

of

eachswitch

where

itwasset

immediatelybeforepower-off

is

held

in

memory,backed

upby

battery.

Ifthe

battery

is

dead,

the

LEDs

ofthe

switchesindicate

as

follows

whensupplyingpower

starts.

Vertical

MODE:

CH1,

HORIZDISPLAY:

A

TRIG

MODE:

AUTO

EQUIPMENTPROTECTION

1.

Neverallow

a

smallspot

of

highbrilliance

to

remain

stationary

onthe

screen

for

morethan

a few

seconds.

Thescreen

may

becomepermanentlyburned.

A

spot

will

occuronlywhen

the

scope

is

set

upfor

X-Yopera-

tion

andno

signalisapplied.Eitherreducetheintensity

so

the

spot

is

barelyvisible,switchback

to

normal

sweepoperationwhen

no

signal

is

applied,

orsetup

thescope

for

spotblanking.

2.

Nevercover

the

ventilatingholes

onthetopoftheos-

cilloscope

, as

this

will

increase

the

operatingtempera-

tureinsidethe

case.

3.

Neverapplymorethanthemaximumrating

to

the

oscil-

loscopeinput

jacks.

CH1,

CH2INPUT

jacks:

800Vp-por

400V

(dc+ ac

peak)

CH3,

CH4

INPUT

jacks:

400

V

(dc

+

acpeak)

Z

axis

INPUT

jack:

50V

(dc

+

acpeak)

Neverapplyexternalvoltage

to

theoscilloscope

output

terminals.

4.Alwaysconnect

a

cablefrom

the

earth

ground

(GND)

jack

of

theoscilloscope

to

the

chassis

of

theequipment

undertest.

Without

thiscaution,

the

entirecurrent

for

theequipmentundertest

maybe

drawn

through

the

probe

clipleadsundercertaincircumstances.Such

conditionscouldalsopose

a

safetyhazard,which

the

ground

cable

will

prevent.

6

CONTROLS

ANDINDICATORS

Fig.

1

FRONTPANEL

VERTICAL

AXISCONTROL

©VOLTS/DIVControl

Vertical

attenuator

for

channel

1;

providesstep

ad-

justment

of

verticalsensitivity.

When

the

VARIABLE

control

is

turned

to

theCALposition,theverticalsen-

sitivity

is

calibrated

in10

stepsfrom5V/div

to5 mV/

div.

For

X-Y

operationthiscontrolprovidesstepadjust-

ment

of

vertical

sensitivity.

©VARIABLE,PULLX5GAINControls

VARIABLE;

Rotationprovidesfinecontrol

of

channel

1

vertical

sensitivity.

Inthe

fullyclockwise

(CAL)

position,

the

vertical

attenuator

is

calibrated.

ForX-Y

operation,

this

controlserves

astheY

axis

attenuationfine

ad-

justment.

PULL

X5GAIN;

When

pulledout,theVOLTS/DIVsetting

is

multiplied

byfiveand

for

X-Yoperationthe

Y-axis

sensitivity

is

multipliedaccordingly.

InX5

GAIN

mode,

thevertical

gain

is

increasedandthetracebecomesthickness.

®*CH1POSITION,*CH3Controls

±CH1POSITION;

Rotationadjustsverticalposition

of

channel

1

trace.

In

X-Yoperation,rotationadjustsverticalposition

of

display.

±CH3;

Rotationadjustsverticalposition

of

channel

3

trace

onthescreen.

©UNCALLamp

Glows

whenchannel

1

VARIABLEcontrol

set

toCAL

position.Remindsuserthatchannel

1

measurementsare

not

calibrated.

©PULLX5GAINIndicator

Indicate

thatthechannel1 VARIABLEcontrolis

in

the

pulled

out

position,i.e.thatthechannel

1

sensitivity

is

five

timestheVOLTS/DIVsetting.

©AC-GND-DCswitch

Three-positionleverswitchwhichoperates

as

fol-

lows:

AC:

Blocks

dc

component

of

channel

1

input

sig-

nal.

GND:Openssignalpath

and

groundsinput

to

verti-

cal

amplifier.Thisprovides

a

zero-signalbase

line,

theposition

of

whichcan

be

usedas

a re-

ference

whenperformingdcmeasurements.

DC:Directinput

of

ac

anddc

component

of

chan-

nel

1

inputsignal.

©INPUTJack

Vertical

input

for

channel

1

trace

in

normalsweep

operation.VerticalinputforX-Yoperation.

7

CONTROLS

ANDINDICATORS

®VOLTS/DIVControl

Vertical

attenuator

for

channel

2;

providesstep

ad-

justment

of

verticalsensitivity,VARIABLEcontrol

is

turned

to

theCALposition,theverticalsensitivity

cali-

brated

in10

stepsfrom5V/div

to

5mV/div.

For

X-Y

operationthecontrolprovidesstepadjustment

of

hor-

izontalsensitivity.

(DVARIABLE,PULLX5GAINControls

VARIABLE;

Rotationprovidesfinecontrol

of

channel

2

vertical

sensitivity.

Inthe

fullyclockwise(CAL)position,

the

vertical

attenuator

is

calibrated.

ForX-Y

operation,

this

controlserves

astheX

axis

attenuationfine

ad-

justment

PULLX5

GAIN;

When

pulledout,theVOLTS/DIVsetting

is

multiplied

byfive

andfor

X-Yoperation

the

X-axis

sensitivity

is

multipliedaccordingly.

InX5

GAIN

mode,

thevertical

gain

is

increasedandthetracebecomesthickness.

®CH2$ POSITIONX-Y$ CH4Controls

*

CH2POSITION;

Rotationadjustsverticalposition

of

channel

2

trace.

In

X-Yoperationadjustshorizontalposition

of

display.

$CH4;

Rotationadjustsverticalposition

of

channel

4

trace

onthescreen.

®UNCALLamp

Glowswhenchannel

2

VARIABLEcontrol

® isnot

set

toCAL

position.Remindsuserthatchannel

2

measurementsare

not

calibrated.

@

PULLX5GAINIndicator

Indicates

that

the

channel

2

VARIABLEcontrol

isin

thepulled

out

position,i.e.thatthechannel

2

sensitiv-

ity

isfivetimestheVOLTS/DIVsetting.

©MODESwitchAssembly

Used

to

selectthebasicoperatingmodes

of

the

osci-

lloscope.LED'sindicatewhat

mode

hasbeen

select-

ed.

CH1:

Onlytheinputsignal

to

channel

1 is

dis-

playedas

a

singletrace.

CH2:Onlytheinputsignal

to

channel

2 is

dis-

playedas

a

singletrace.

DUAL:

When

engagedthisbutton,

if

eitherALT

orCHOPswitch

is

pushed

in,

dualtrace

mode

presentstraces

of

channel

1,

channel

2

inputwaveforms.

ADD:Channel

1 and

channel

2

inputsignals

are

added

and

thesum

is

displayed

asa

singletrace.

When

theCH2INV

button

is

engaged,

the

waveformfromchannel

2

issubtractedfromthechannel1 wave-

formandthedifference

is

displayedas

a

singletrace.

QUAD:

When

engagedthisbutton,

if

eitherALT

orCHOPswitch

is

pushedin,quadtrace

mode

presentstraces

of

channel

1

through

channel

4

inputwaveforms

ALT:

Alternatesweepisselectedregardless

of

sweeptimeasdualtrace(channel

1 and

channel

2)or

quadtrace(channel

1

through

channel

4)

CHOP:

Chop

sweep

is

selectedregardless

of

sweeptimeatapproximately250kHzas

dualtrace(channel

1 and

channel

2)or

quadtrace(channel

1

through

channel

4).

CH2INV:

Inthe

NORM

position(buttonreleased),

thechannel

2

signal

is

non-inverted.

In

the

INV

position(buttonengaged),

the

channel

2

signalisinverted.

20

MHzBW:

Limitstheverticalbandwidth

to

approxi-

mately

20MHz

whenengagedthisbut-

ton.

®AC-GND-DCSwitch

Three-positionleverswitchwhichoperates

as

fol-

lows:

AC:Blocks

dc

component

of

channel

2

input

signal.

GND:Openssignalpath

and

groundsinput

to

vertical

amplifier.Thisprovides

a

zero-

signalbaseline,theposition

of

whichcan

beused

asa

referencewhenperforming

dcmeasurements.

DC:Directinput

ofacanddc

component

of

channel

2

inputsignal.

®INPUTJack

Vertical

input

for

channel

2

trace

in

normalsweep

operation.HorizontalinputinX-Yoperation.

NOTE:

Thevariousvertical

mode

settingsarerelated

to

hori-

zontal

mode

and

triggersource.See

the

sections

on

HORIZDISPLAYandSOURCE

fora

description

of

this

relationship.

©BEAM

FIND

PushButtonSwitch

Limit

thedisplay

to

withinthegraticulearea,indepen-

dently

of

displayposition.

8

CONTROLS

ANDINDICATORS

Fig.

2

POWER

SUPPLY/CRT

DISPLAY

CONTROLS

®A INTENSITY,B INTENSITYControls

Allowsadjustment

of

intensityforthe

A

sweepand

B

sweeprespectively.

AINTENSITY;

Adjusts

the

traceintensity

fortheA

sweep

and

thedisplayintensityforX-Yoperation.

B

INTENSITY;

Adjuststheintensity

of

the

B

sweep.

®POWER,

SCALE

ILLUMControls

Fully

counterclockwiserotation(offposition)turns

off

oscilloscope.

Clockwiserotationturns

on

oscillos-

cope.Furtherclockwiserotation

ofthe

control

in-

creases

theilluminationlevel

of

scale.

(§)LEDPilotLamp

Indicates

thatthepowersupplyhas

been

turned

on.

@

ASTIGControl

Astigmatismadjustmentprovides

optimum

spot

roundnesswhenused

in

conjunctionwithFOCUS

controlregardlessintensitycontrol.

©

FOCUS

Control

Usedtoadjustthetracefor

optimum

focus.

Auto-focuscircuitkeepswaveform

in

focuswith

changes

in

intensity.

<§>

TRACE

ROTATIONControl

Electrically

rotatestrace

to

horizontalposition.

Strongmagneticfieldsmaycausethetrace

tobe

tilt-

ed.

The

degree

of

tiltmayvaryasthescopeis

moved

from

one

location

to

another.

In

these

cases,

adjust

this

control.

#CAL,

1 Vp-p,

« 1 kHzTerminal

Provides

1

kHz,

1

Voltpeak-to-peaksquarewave

sig-

nal.

This

is

useful

for

probe

compensationadjust-

ment.

®

Jm

GNDTerminal/Bindingpost.

Ground

terminal

-

use

itto

connecttheinstrument

to

theearth

ground.

9

Selects

calibratedsweeptimes

of20

ns/div

to0.5

s/div

in23

stepswhen

A

VARIABLEcontrol

@ is

set

toCALposition(fullyclockwise).

B

SWEEPTIME/DIV;

Horizontalcoarse

B

sweeptimeselector.

Selects

sweeptimes

of20

ns/div

to50

ms/div

in20

steps.

B

sweeptimeselector

is

constructed

to

make

it

possible

tosettheB

sweeptimeslowerthan

A

sweeptime.

No

fineadjustment

is

available

for

the

B

sweeptime.

©A

VARIABLE,

PULLCHOPF.

SELECT

Controls

AVARIABLE;

Fine

A

sweeptimeadjustment.

In

thefullyclockwise

(CAL)position,the

A

sweeptimeiscalibrated.

PULL

CHOP

F.

SELECT

The

chopping

frequency

maybe

changed

by

pulling

this

controloutward.Thisisuseful

in

cases

wherethe

input

signalistriggered

to

the

chopping

frequency.

<§)UNCALLamp

Growswhenthe

A

VARIABLEcontrol

is

notset

to

the

CALposition.Remindsuserthatthe

A

sweeptime

is

notcalibrated.

10

Fig.3

HORIZONTALAXISCONTROLS

®

HORIZ

DISPLAYSwitchassembly

Used

to

select

the

horizontaldisplay

mode.

LED's

indicatewhat

mode

hasbeenselected.

A:

Only

A

sweepisoperativewiththe

B

sweep

dormant.

ALT:

A

sweepalternateswith

theB

sweep.

For

this

mode

of

operation,

theB

sweep

ap-

pears

asan

intensifiedsection

ontheA

sweep.

A-INT-B:Duration

oftheB

sweepappears

asanin-

tensifiedsectiononthe

A

SWGGp.

B

DLY'D:

Only

delayed

B

sweepisoperative.

DUAL:

A

sweep

andB

sweepoperateindepen-

dently.

For

this

mode

thetwo

sweeps

are

triggered

by

the

A

triggersourceand

B

trig-

gersourcerespectively.

X-Y:

Channel

1

becomesthe

Y-axis

and

channel

2

becomesthe

X-axis

forX-Yoperation.

Thesettings

of

thevertical

MODE

andTRIG

MODE

switcheshave

no

effect.

<DA SWEEP

TIME/DIV,

B SWEEP

TIME/DIV

Con-

trols

ASWEEPTIME/DIV:

Horizontalcoarse

A

sweeptimeselector.

CONTROLS

AND

INDICATORS

®

DELAY

TIME

MULT

Control

Adjusts

thestarttimeoftheB sweeptosomedelay

timeafterthestartoftheA sweep.

The

delaytimemaybesettovaluesbetween0.2and

10timesthesettingoftheA SWEEPTIME/DIVcon-

trol.

©*

TRACE

SEP,

HOLDOFF

Controls

|TRACE

SEP

Adjusts

verticalseparationbetweenA sweepandB

sweep

(controlhaseffectonlyintheALTofHORIZ

DISPLAY).

Clockwise

rotation.increasesseparation;B sweep

movesdownwithrespecttoA sweepupto4 divi-

sions.

In

this

case,

HOLDOFFcontrolhasnoeffect.This

controliseffectivewhentheHORIZDISPLAYswitch

is

selectedtoALT.EvenwhentheHORIZDISPLAY

switch

isselectedtoDUAL,thiscontroliseffective

with

thevertical

MODE

switchsettoCH1,CH2or

ADDposition.

HOLDOFF

Rotationadjusts

holdoff

(triggerinhibitperiod

beyond

sweep

duration).Counterclockwiserotationincreases

holdoff

periodfrom

NORM

tomaxmorethanfive

times

beforetheB ENDSA position.

In

theB ENDSA position(fullycounterclockwise),the

AsweepisresetattheendoftheB sweep.And

thereforeintensityofB sweepincreases.B ENDSA

mode

isapplicabletotheALT,A-INT-BandB DLY'D

modesofHORIZDISPLAY.

©•

POSITION,

FINE,

PULLX10

MAG

Controls

•POSITION

Rotationadjustshorizontalpositionoftrace.

FINE,

PULLX10MAG

Rotationbecomesfineadjustmentofhorizontalposi-

tionoftrace.Selectsx10sweepmagnification

(PULL

x10MAG)whenpulledout

Donotusex10MAGduringX-Yoperation.

TRIGGER

SOURCE

CONTROLS

<§>

SOURCE

Switch

Six-position

lever

switch;

selects

triggeringsourcefor

theA sweep,withfollowingpositions;

V.

MODE:

ThetriggersourceforA sweepisdeter-

minedby

vertical

MODE

selection.

CH1:

Channel1 signalisusedasa trigger

source.

CH2:Channel2 signalisusedasa trigger

source.

ADD:Thealgebraicsumofchannel1 and

channel2 signalisthetriggersource.(If

CH2INVengaged,thedifferencebe-

comesthetriggersource.)

DUAL:ForALT

mode

thesignalsforCH1

QUAD:

through

CH4alternateasthetrigger

(ALT)

source.FortheCHOP

mode

thechop-

(CHOP)

ping

signalbecomesthetriggersource.

NOTE:

1.

When

thevertical

MODE

switchis

selected

toCHOPposition,thedis-

playcannotbeobservedwiththein-

putsincethechoppingsignalbe-

comesthetriggersource.

2.

Synchronizationisimpossiblewhen

inputsignalsarenotappliedtoall

channels

withthevertical

MODE

switch

settoDUALor

QUAD

posi-

tion.

CH1:

A sweepistriggeredbychannel1 signalre-

gardless

of

vertical

MODE

selection.

CH2:A sweepistriggeredbychannel2 signalre-

gardless

of

vertical

MODE

selection.

1

/1:

A sweepistriggeredbychannel3 signal.

1/10:A sweepistriggeredbychannel3 signalat-

tenuatedto1/10.

LINE:

A sweepistriggeredbylinevoltage.

<§)

COUPLING

Switch

Five-positionlever

switch;

selects

couplingforA

triggersignal.

AC:

Triggerisaccoupled.Blocksdccomponent

ofinputsignal;mostcommonlyusedposi-

tion.

LFREJ:

Triggeriscoupled

through

a high-passfilter

toeliminatelowfrequencycomponentsfor

stable

triggeringofhighfrequencysignals.

HFREJ:

Triggeriscoupled

through

a low-passfilter

toeliminatehighfrequencycomponents

fora stabletriggeringoflowfrequency

sig-

nals.

DC:Triggerisdccoupledforsyncwhichincludes

theeffectsofdccomponents.Forchannel3

andchannel4,theverticalpositionadjust-

menthasnoeffectonthetriggerpoint.

VIDEO:Forsynchronizationofvideosignals.The

positionoftheA SWEEPTIME/DIVcontrol

determineswhetherFRAMEorLINEistobe

synchronized.Settingsbetween0.5sand

0.1msresultinFRAMEwhilethosebetween

50fis and20nsresultinLINEsync.

11

CONTROLS

ANDINDICATORS

©

LEVEL

SLOPE,

PULLFIXControls

LEVEL:

Rotationadjustspoint

on

waveformwhere

A

sweep

starts.

When

COUPLING

switch

isse-

lected

in

VIDEO,thetriggerleveladjustment

has

no

effect.

SLOPE,

PULLFIX:

Adjusts

the

slope

oftheA

triggersignal.

+equalsmostpositivepoint

of

triggering

and

-equals

mostnegativepoint

of

triggering.

When

thecontrol

is

pulled

out

theFIX

mode

is

selected

for

autoleveladjustment,under

which

circumstancesouterTrigger

LEVEL

control

no

longerhasanyeffect.

(§)TRIG'DLamp

Green

LED

lights

for

duration

of

triggered

A

sweep;

shows

whentrigger

LEVEL

control

is

properlyset

to

obtaintriggering.

®CH3orA EXTTRIGJack

Inputterminal

of

channel

3

signal

orA

externaltrigger

signal.

Channel

3

signal

maybe

observedsimul-

taneously

withchannel

1,2 and4

signalswhen

the

vertical

MODE

switch

isselected

in

QUAD.

When

the

SOURCE

switch

is

set

to

eitherEXT(CH3)

1/1

or

1/10,sweepistriggered

by

thisinputsignal.

©

SOURCE

Switch

Four-positionlever

switch;

selects

the

triggeringsource

forthe

B

sweep,withfollowingpositions;

CH1:

B

sweepistriggered

by

channel

1

signal.

CH2:

B

sweepistriggered

by

channel

2

signal.

1

/1:

B

sweepistriggered

by

channel

4

signal.

1/10:

B

sweep

is

triggered

by

channel

4

signalatten-

uated

to1/10.

(§)COUPLINGSwitch

Four-positionlever

switch;

selects

coupling

forB

triggersignal.

AC:

Trigger

isac

coupled.

Blocks

dc

component

of

inputsignal.

LFREJ:

Trigger

is

coupled

through

a

high-passfilter

to

eliminate

low

frequencycomponents

for

stable

triggering

of

highfrequencysignals.

HFREJ:

Trigger

is

coupled

through

a

low-passfilter

to

eliminate

highfrequencycomponents

for

sta-

bletriggering

of

lowfrequencysignals.

DC:Trigger

isdc

coupled

for

syncwhichincludes

the

effects

of

dccomponents.

<§)

LEVEL,

SLOPE,

PULLSTARTS

AFTER

DELAYCon-

trols

LEVEL:

Rotationadjustspoint

on

waveformwhere

B

sweep

starts.

SLOPE:

Adjust

the

slope

oftheB

triggersignal,

+equalsmostpositivepoint

of

triggering

and-equalsmostnegativepoint

of

trigger-

ing.

ForB

triggeroperation

it

must

be

set

in

its

pushed-inposition.

PULL

STARTSAFTERDELAY:

When

itis

pulled

out,theB

sweep

starts

immediatelyafter

the

delaytimeselected

by

the

DELAYTIMEMULT

andA

SWEEP

TIME/DIVcontrol,regardless

ofthe

trigger

LEVEL

setting.Evenwhenthis

switch

isin

positionwith

the

TRIG

MODE

switch

setto

AUTO,turning

the

trigger

LEVEL

clockwise

orcounterclockwiserelease

the

trigger

and

set

the

scope

toB

STARTSAFTERDELAY

operation.

©TRIG'DLamp

Green

LED

lights

for

duration

of

triggered

B

sweep;

shows

whentrigger

LEVEL

control

is

properlyset

to

obtaintriggering.

©CH4orB EXTTRIGJack

Inputterminal

forthe

channel

4

signal

orB

external

triggersignal.Channel

4

signal

maybe

observed

simultaneously

withchannel1,

2 and3

signalswhen

the

vertical

MODE

switch

isselected

in

QUAD.

When

the

SOURCE

switch

is

set

to

eitherEXT(CH4)

1/1,

or

1/10,sweepistriggered

by

thisinputsignal.

©TRIG

MODE

Switch

Push

button

switch

assembly;

selects

triggering

mode.

AUTO:Triggeredsweepoperation.

When

trigger

signal

is

present,automaticallygenerates

sweep

(freeruns

in

absence

of

trigger

sig-

nal.)

NORM:

Normaltriggeredsweepoperation.

No

trace

is

presentedwhen

a

propertriggersignal

is

notapplied.

SINGLE:

Singlesweepoperation.

Note

that

in

this

mode,

simultaneousobservation

of

both

the

Aand

B

sweepsisnotpossible.

NOTE;

For

dual

or

quad

trace,

singlesweepopera-

tion,

vertical

MODE

must

notbe

set

to

ALT.

Use

theCHOP

mode

instead.

RESET:

When

TRIG

MODE

switch

is

selected

to

SINGLE

mode,

pushing

the

RESET

button

initiates

a

singlesweepwhich

will

begin

whenthenextsynctriggeroccurs.

12

CONTROLSANDINDICATORS

Fig.

4

REAR

PANEL

@

CALLoop

CurrentProbecalibration

loop.

A 10mA,1 kHz

squarewaveisprovided.

©A GATEJack

The

output

connector

fortheA

sweepgate,

a

square

wave

gatesignal.

®B GATEJack

The

output

connector

fortheB

sweepgate,

a

square

wave

gatesignal.

©CH1OUTJack

Channel

1

vertical

output

signalconnector,

ac

cou-

pled

output

connector.Thisconnector

is

used

to

measure

the

frequency

by

connecting

the

frequency

counter.

©Z.AXIS

INPUT

Jack

External

intensitymodulationinput;TTLcompatible.

Positive

voltagedecreasesbrightness,negativevol-

tageincreasesbrightness.

©POWERLINECONNECTOR

The

inputconnector

for

theacpowercord.

©

FUSE

HOLDER

Contain

the

linefuse.Verifythat

the

properfuse

isin-

stalled

(1.2A).

©

Handle

(shown

in10pages)

Carryinghandlewithcomfortable

molded

fingergrip

also

doubles

as

tilt

stand.Lockingdetenteach

15°

al-

lows

adjustment

of

viewingangle.

©Feet

Rear

feetsupportoscilloscope

in

face-upposition

and

double

ascordwrap

for

storingpowercord.

13

OPERATION

Beforeturningthescopeon,setthefrontpanelcontrolsas

follows,referring

to

thesection

on

frontpanel

in

thisman-

ual.

[1]

NORMAL

SWEEP

DISPLAYOPERATION

1.

Turn

the

POWER

control

©

clockwise

- the

power

supply

will

be

turned

onandthe

pilotlamp

will

light

with

the

otherLED's

forthe

previously

set

vertical

MODE

©,

HORIZDISPLAY

<§>and

TRIG

MODE

©

also

lighting.

Set

thesemodesasfollows:

Vertical

MODE

HORIZDISPLAY<§>

: A

TRIG

MODE

© :

AUTO

2.

The

trace

will

appear

inthe

center

ofthe

CRTdisplay

andcan

be

adjusted

bythe

channel

1 ^

POSITION

©

and

•

POSITION

©

controls.Next,adjust

theA IN-

TENSITY

®

and,

if

necessary,

the

FOCUS

ease

ofobservation.

3.

Vertical

MODE

Apply

an

input

signal

to

channel

1

INPUT

jack

adjustVOLTS/DIV

suitablesizedisplay

ofthe

waveform.

If

thewaveformdoes

not

appear

inthe

dis-

play,

usethe

BEAMFIND

locate

the

waveform

adjust

the

VOLTS/DIV

and^

POSITION

to

bring

the

waveformcomfortablyinto

the

center

ofthe

CRTdis-

play.

Operationwith

a

signalapplied

to

thechannel

2

INPUT

jack

® andthe

vertical

MODE

set

toCH2is

similar

to

theaboveprocedure.

IntheADD

mode

the

algebraicsum

of

channel

1 +

channel

2

isdisplayedas

a

single

trace.

IftheCH2INV

switch

hasbeenpressed,

thealgebraicdifference

of

thetwowaveforms,channel

1

-

channel

2

displayed

asa

single

trace.

If

both

channelsareset

to

thesameVOLTS/DIV,

thedifferencewaveform

canbe

readdirectly

in

VOLTS/DIV

onthe

CRT.DUAL

mode

allowssimultan-

eousobservation

of

channel

1 and

channel

2

while

QUAD

providesviewing

of

channel1

through

channel

4

simultaneously.

In

theDUAL

or

QUAD

mode

one

of

either

CHOP

or

ALT

mode

appliesandshould

be

selected.IntheALT

mode,

channel

1 and

channel

2 or

channel

1

through

channel

4aredisplayed

in

analternatingfashion.

Note

that

inthe

CHOP

mode

of

operationwith

the

SOURCE

(§)setto

V.MODE,

the

triggersource

isthe

chopping

signalitself,makingwaveformobservation

impossible.

UseALT

mode

instead

in

such

cases.

SOURCEmust

be

set

to

one

of

CH1,CH

2 or

CH

3.

4.Aftersetting

the

SOURCE

switch,

adjust

the

LEVEL/

SLOPE

control

@.

Thedisplay

onthe

screen

will

pro-

bably

be

unsynchronized.Refer

to

TRIGGERINGproce-

durebelow

for

adjustingsynchronization

and

sweep

speed

to

obtain

a

stabledisplayshowing

the

desired

number

of

waveform.

TRIGGERING

The

input

signalmust

be

properlytriggered

for

stable

waveformobservation.Triggering

is

possible

the

input

signalinternally

to

create

a

trigger

or

with

an

externally

provided

signal

of

fixedtimingrelationship

to

theobserved

signal,

applyingsuch

a

signal

to

theEXTTRIG

jack

®.

14

Fig.

5

OPERATION

A

TRIGGER

(1)

TheSOURCEswitch

selects

thesignaltobeusedas

thesynctrigger.

When

theV.

MODE

positionisse-

lected,

thetriggersourceisdependent

upon

theverti-

cal

MODE

selection.Inthismanner,eachwaveform

beingobservedbecomesitsowntriggersignal;e.g.,

whenthevertical

MODE

ischangedfromCH1 toCH

2,

thesourcesignalisalsochangedfromchannel1 to

channel2.Thisalsopermitssynchronizationofwave-

forms(evenwithouta timingrelationship)inthe

DUALand

QUAD

modes.However,whenphaseor

timingcomparisonisdesiredinDUALand

QUAD

modes,allwaveformsmustbetriggeredbythesame

source,

andtheV.

MODE

positionisunsuitable.Also,

as

explainedpreviously,CHOPcannotbeusedincon-

junctionwithV.

MODE

inDUALor

QUAD

mode.

Ifthe

SOURCEswitchissettotheCH1 (orCH2)position,

thechannel1 (orCH2)inputsignalisthetrigger

source,

regardlessofthevertical

mode.

CH1 (orCH

2)

isoftenusedasthetriggersourcewhentiming

comparisonisdesired.IftheSOURCEswitchissetto

theCH3 position,thesignalappliedtotheCH3 orA

EXT

TRIG

jack

becomesthetriggersource.This

sig-

nal

musthavea timingrelationshioptothedisplayed

waveformsfora synchronizeddisplay.In

QUAD

mode,

thesignalappliedtotheCH3 orA EXTTRIG

jack

becomes

both

thetriggersourceandthedis-

playedchannel3 signal.IftheSOURCEswitchisset

toLINEposition,triggeringisderivedfromtheinput

line

voltage.Thisisusefulmeasurementsthatarere-

lated

tolinefrequency.

(2)

AftersettingSOURCE,adjustthetrigger

LEVEL

con-

troltosetthetriggerpoint.Trigeringisindicatedby

thegreenLEDlighting.

As

necessarytoobtaina stablesynchronizedsignal

display,adjustHOLDOFF® andCOUPLING(§)con-

trols.

If

theSLOPEcontrolispulledout,thetriggerlevelis

putintotheFIX

mode

withthetriggerpointatthe

center

ofthewaveform.

(3)

AdjusttheA SWEEPTIME/DIV@ controlforanap-

propriatedisplayofthesignalinput.Ifrequired,use

theA VARIABLE@ controlas

well.

This

completestheadjustmentprocedurefornormal

Asweepdisplayoperation.

[2]

MAGNIFIED

SWEEP

OPERATION

Since

merelyshorteningthesweeptimetomagnifya

por-

tionofanobservedwaveformcanresultinthedesired

portiondisappearingoffthescreen,suchmagnifieddis-

playshouldbeperformedusingtheMAGNIFIEDSWEEP.

Procedure:

Usingthe<«•POSITIONcontrol,adjustthedesiredportion

ofwaveformtothecenteroftheCRT.PullouttheFINE

PULL

X10MAG© controltomagnifythedisplay10

times.

Forthistypeofdisplaythesweeptimeisthe

SWEEP

TIME/DIVsettingdividedby10.

[3]

DELAYED

SWEEP

OPERATION

Delayedsweepoperationisachievedbyuseof

both

theA

sweep

andtheB sweep.

Procedure:

1.

First

selecttheHORIZDISPLAYswitchtoA andadjust

thescopefora normalwaveformdisplay.

2.

Pulloutthe,PULLSTARTSAFTERDELAY® control

tosetthesweepintheSTARTSAFTERDELAY

mode.

Select

theHORIZDISPLAYtotheA-INT-B

mode

anda

portionoftheB sweeprepresentingtheB SWEEP

TIME/DIV

will

appearasanintensifiedportionoftheA

sweep.

TheB sweepintensityisadjustedusingtheB

INTENSITY

control®.

3.

Shifttheintensifiedportionofwaveform(sectiontobe

magnified)alongtheA sweepbyuseoftheDELAY

TIMEMULT<£§).

4.

SelecttheHORIZDISPLAYswitchtoB DLY'Dtodis-

playtheA-INT-Bintensifiedportionasa magnifiedB

DLY'Dsweep.

DelayTime(magnifiedportion)= DELAYTIMEMULT

setting

x A SWEEPTIME/DIVsetting.

5.

ForSTARTSAFTERDELAYoperation,apparentjitter

increases

asmagnificationincreases.Toobtaina jitter

free

display,pushintheSLOPE,PULLSTARTSAFTER

DELAY

control.Inthis

mode

thesignalselectedbythe

B

SOURCEswitch@ becomestheB triggersource,

makinguseoftheB trigger

LEVEL

triggerpoint.B SOURCE,COUPLINGand

LEVEL

SLOPE

aresetina mannersimilartothatofthecorre-

spondingcontrolsforA sweep.

Fig.6

15

A-INT-B

Intensified

zonetobemagnified

B

DLY'D

OPERATION

Note

that

for

type

of

operation

both

the

DELAYTIME

MULT

and

trigger

LEVEL

affect

the

start

of

the

B

sweep

so

that

the

delaytime

is

used

as

a

referencepoint.

[4]

ALTERNATING

SWEEP

OPERATION

Asweep

and

B

sweep

are

usable

inan

alternatingfashion

making

it

possible

to

observe

both

the

normal

and

magni-

fiedwaveformsimultaneously.

Procedure:

1.

Select

the

HORIZDISPLAYswitch

toA

and

adjust

fora

normalwaveformdisplay.

2.

Pull

outthe

PULLSTARTSAFTERDELAYcontrol

and

select

the

HORIZDISPLAY

to

ALT.AdjustTRACE

SEP

®for

easyobservation

of

both

the

A

and

B

traces.

The

uppertrace

isthe

non-magnifiedportion

ofthe

waveformwith

the

magnifiedportionsuper-imposed

as

anintensifiedsection.

The

lowerwaveform

isthein-

tensified

portiondisplayedmagnified.

B

INTENSITY

can

be

used

to

adjust

the

intensity

of

the

super-imposedwaveform.

3.

The

DELAYTIMEMULTcontrol

can

be

used

to

contin-

uouslyslide

the

magnifiedportion

ofthe

waveform

across

theA

sweepperiod

to

allowmagnification

of

precisely

the

desiredportion

of

waveform.

4.

Apparentdisplayjitterincreaseswithincreasedmagni-

fication

asisthe

case

withdelayedsweepdiscussed

above.

By

cancelling

the

magnifiedoperating

mode

by

pushing

inthe

PULLSTARTSAFTERDELAYcontrol,

B

trigger

LEVEL

control

canbe

used

tosetthe

trigger

point.

(B

sweep)

[5]

DUAL

SWEEP

OPERATION

Upuntil

nowwe

havediscussedusing

the

B

sweep

to

dis-

playonly

a

Delayedsweep

oftheA

sweepsignal.

Inthe

DUAL

mode

A

and

B

sweeps

are

performedindependently

so

that

twonon

time-relatedsignals

canbe

observed

at

onetime.

Procedure:

The

A

sweep

and

B

sweep

are

controlled

byA

trigger

and

B

triggercontrolsrespectively.

Whiletriggering

ofA andB

sweepsindependentlyusing

theinputsignalsthemselves

is

quitesimple

and

presents

noparticularproblems,

use

ofa

common

triggersource

or

use

ofA to

trigger

B

and

viceversa

can

result

in

some

im-

possibletriggeringconditions

for

signalsthat

are

not

relat-

ed

to

eachother

in

a

timingsense.

For

DUALoperation

the

A

and

B

sweepsalternateregard-

less

of

the

setting

of

theALT

and

CHOPswitches.

This

A

sweep/Bsweep/Triggersource/Vertical

MODE

re-

lationshipsareoutlined

in

the

followingtables.

A

SOURCE

(Asweep)

MODE

cm

CH2

DUAL

ADD QUAD

V.

MODE

cm

CH2

CH1.CH2

AL1

(*1)

CH1+CH2

CH1.CH4

ALT(*2)

TriggerSource

V.

MODE

cm

CH2

cm

CH1+CH2

CH1.CH3

CRTDisplay

s

cm cm cm cm

cm

CH1

TriggerSource

0

u

R

cm cm

CH2

cm

CH1+CH2

CH1

CH3

ALT(*3)

CRTDisplay0

u

R

CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2(*7)

CH2

CH2(*7)

TriggerSource

C

E

CH2

cm

CH2

cm

CH1+CH2

CHT;CH3

ALT

CRTDisplay

C

E

EXT

CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

CH3

TriggerSource

CH3

cm

CH2

cm

CH1+CH2

CH1.CH2

Al_Y

(*4)

CRTDisplay

*Note

1:

A

sweep

is

triggered

by

alternatesignalsfrom

channel

1 and

channel

2,but

only

the

channel

1

signal

on

the

display

is

triggered.

*Note2:

A

sweep

is

triggered

by

alternatesignalsfrom

channel

1

through

channel

2,but

only

the

channel

1

and

channel

3

signals

onthe

display

are

trig-

gered.

*Note

3:A

sweep

is

triggered

by

channel

1

signal

and

chan-

nel

1

and

channel

3

signals

are

displayed.

*Note

4:A

sweep

is

triggered

by

channel

3

signal

and

chan-

nel

1

and

channel

3

signals

are

displayed.

*Note

5:B

sweep

is

triggered

by

channel

2

signal

and

chan-

nel

2

and

channel

4

signals

are

displayed.

*Note

6:B

sweep

is

triggered

by

channel

4

signal

but

chan-

nel

2

and

channel

4

signals

are

displayed.

*Note

7:If

there

isno

timerelationbetweenchannel

1 and

channel

2

input,triggering

isnot

possible.

Please

bear

in

mind

theserelationshipwhenusingDUAL

mode

operation.

16

B

SOURCE

(Bsweep)

MODE

cm

CH2

DUAL

ADD QUAD

s

0

U

R

C

E

cm cm cm

CH1(*7)

cm

CH1(*7) TriggerSource

s

0

U

R

C

E

cm cm

CH2 CH2 CH1+CH2

CH2,CH4

CRTDisplay

s

0

U

R

C

E

CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 TriggerSource

s

0

U

R

C

E

CH2

cm

CH2 CH2 CH2+CH4

CH1

CH3

(*5)

CRTDisplay

s

0

U

R

C

E

EXT

CH4

CH4 CH4 CH4

CH4 CH4

TriggerSource

s

0

U

R

C

E

EXT

CH4

cm

CH2 CH2 CH1+CH2

CH2.CH4

(*6)

CRTDisplay

(Asweep)

ALT

Intensified

zone

tobe

magnified

Fig.

7

OPERATION

NOTE:

For

DUALoperationbesuretoselecttheTRIG

MODE

switch

toAUTOtoallowsweepofbothA andB tobeper-

formed.

When

A andB sweepsaretobeusedalternately,setup

thescopetoprovidebothsweeps.

[6]X-Y

OPERATION

Phase

differencemeasurementsmaybemadebyuseof

theX-Ydisplaymode.

Procedure:

Select

theHORIZDISPLAYswitchtotheX-Ymode.In

this

mode

thechannel1 inputbecomesthe

Y-axis

input

andthechannel2 inputthe

X-axis

inputforX-Ydisplay.

For

X-YoperationtheX andY positionsareadjustedusing

thechannel2 ^POSITION,X-Yandchannel1 | POSI-

TIONcontrolsrespectively.

X

andY sensitivityaresetbyusingthechannel2 and

channel1 VARIABLE,VOLTS/DIVcontrolsrespectively.

By

pullingoutthetwoabovementionedVARIABLEcon-

trols,

thesensitivitiesofboththeX andY

axis

aremagni-

fiedby5 times.A INTENSITYcontrolisusedtoadjustthe

intensity

ofthedisplayduringX-Yoperation.

[7]

SINGLE

SWEEP

OPERATION

This

mode

ofdisplayisusefulforlookingatnon-

synchronousoronetimeevents.

Procedure:

1.

SelecttheTRIG

MODE

toeitherAUTOor

NORM,

and

theSLOPEPULLFIXcontroltopushed-inposition.

Applya signalofapproximatelythesameamplitude

andfrequencyasthesignalthatistobeobservedas

thetriggersignalandsetthetrigger

LEVEL.

2.

SelectTRIG

MODE

toSINGLEandpressthe

RESET

button- observethattheredLEDlightstoindicatethe

reset

condition.ThisLEDgoesoutwhentheA

sweep

periodiscompleted.

3.

Aftertheaboveset-upiscompletedthescopeisready

tooperateintheSINGLEsweep

mode

ofoperation

after

resettingthescopeusingthe

RESET

button.Input

ofthetriggersignalresultsinoneandonlyonesweep.

NOTE.

WiththeHORIZDISPLAYselecttoALTorDUAL,the

simultaneousobservationoftheA sweepandB sweep

waveformsatSINGLEsweep

mode

isnotpossible.

AlsoforDUALor

QUAD

operationsimultaneousobser-

vationisnotpossibleusingALTmode.Setthescope

totheCHOP

mode

inthis

case.

[8]

DUAL

AND

QUAD

TRACE

OPERATION

By

settingthevertical

MODE

toDUALor

QUAD,

Dualand

Quadtraceoperationscanbeachieved.Additionallyse-

lecting

theHORIZDISPLAYtoALTproducesuptoan8

trace.

Operationofthevariouscontrolsisforthistypeofdisplay

mode

similartotheoperationdescribedaboveforAlter-

natingsweepoperation.

[9]

CASCADED

OPERATION

This

mode

ofoperationisusedwhensensitivitygreater

than

1

mV/divisrequired.

Procedure:

1.

ConnecttheCH1 OUT

jack

tothechannel2 input

jack

usinga BNCcablethroughthe50X2termination.

2.

Forcascadeoperationdonotpullthechannel1 and

channel2 X5GAINswitchestowardyou.

3.

Select

vertical

MODE

toCH2.

4.

Setthechannel1 andchannel2 VOLTS/DIVto5mV

andinputa signalfora sensitivityof500^V/divon

channel1.

17

APPLICATION

PROBE

COMPENSATION

If

accuratemeasurementsare

tobe

made,theeffect

of

the

probe

beingusedmust

be

properlyadjusted

output

of

the

measurementsystemusing

the

internalcalibrationsignal

orsomeothersquarewavesource.

1.

Connect

the

probe

tothe

channel

tobe

used

andset

thevariouscontrols

fora

normal

A

sweepdisplay.

2.

Adjust

the

SWEEPTIME/DIVcontrol

for

display

of

several

cycles

of

thesignalfrom

the

calibrationoutput,

CAL,

terminal.

3.

Adjust

the

probe

compensationcontrol

fora

proper

waveformdisplay.

4.

The

otherchannels

are

compensated

forinthe

same

way.

Correct

compensation

Over

compensation

Insufficient

compensation

Fig.

8

zerovoltreference.Using

they

POSITIONcontrol,ad-

just

thetraceposition

to

thedesiredreferencelevel

po-

sition,

makingsure

notto

disturbthissettingonce

made.

3.

Setthe

AC-GND-DC

switch

totheDC

position

toob-

serve

the

waveform,including

itsdc

component.

If

an

appropriatereferencelevelpositionwasselected

in

step

3 oranin

appropriate

or

VOLTS/DIVsetting

was

made,thewaveformmay

notbe

visible

on

theCRT

at

thispoint(deflectedcompletely

off

thescreen).This

is

especiallytruewhen

thedc

component

is

largewith

respect

tothe

waveformamplitude.

If

so,pressBEAM

FINDpushswitch

to

locate

itand

resetVOLTS/DIV

and/orthe

$

POSITIONcontrol.

4.

UsetheO

POSITIONcontrol

to

bring

the

portion

of

thewaveform

tobe

measured

to

thecenterverticalgra-

duationline

of

thegraticule

scale.

5.

Measure

the

verticaldistancefrom

the

referencelevel

tothepoint

tobe

measured,(thereferencelevelcan

be

rechecked

by

momentarilyreturning

the

AC-GND-DC

switch

again

to

GND).

Multiply

the

distancemeasuredabove

bythe

VOLTS/

DIVsettingandisthe

probe

attenuationratioas

well.

If

"x

5

GAIN"

has

been

set

multiply

the

value

by1/5as

well.

Voltagesabove

and

below

the

referencelevelareposi-

tive

andnegativevaluesrespectively.

Usingtheformula:

Dclevel

=

Verticaldistance

in

divisions

x

(VOLTS/DIV

set-

ting)

x

(probeattenuationratio)

x

"x

5

GAIN"value(1/5)

TRACE

ROTATIONCOMPENSATION

Rotationfrom

a

horizontaltracepositioncan

be

thecause

ofmeasurementerrors.

Adjust

the

scopecontrols

fora

normaldisplay.

Setthe

AC-GND-DC

switch

toGNDand

TRIG

MODE

switch

to

AUTO.

Adjust

they

POSITIONcontrolsuchthatthetrace

is

over

thecenterhorizontalgraduationline.

If

the

traceappears

tobe

rotatedfromhorizontal,align

it

with

the

centergraduationlineusing

the

TRACEROTA-

TIONcontrollocated

on

thefrontpanel.

DCVOLTAGEMEASUREMENTS

This

proceduredescribes

the

measurementprocedure

for

dc

waveforms.

Procedure:

1.

Connect

the

signal

tobe

measured

tothe

vertical

INPUT

jack

andselectthevertical

MODE

to

thechannel

to

be

used.

Set

the

VOLTS/DIV

and

SWEEPTIME/DIVcontrols

to

obtain

a

normaldisplay

ofthe

waveform

tobe

mea-

sured.

SettheVARIABLEcontrol

to

theCAL.

2.

Select

the

TRIG

MODE

switch

to

AUTO

and

AC-GND-

DCswitch

toGND,

whichestablishes

a

trace

atthe

Measuringpointadjusted

tothe

•

centervertical

scale

byO

POSITION

18

Vertical

distance

Ground

potentialadjusted

by

y

position(referenceline)

Fig.

9

[EXAMPLE]

For

the

exampleshown

inFig.9,the

pointbeingmea-

sured

is3.8

divisionsfrom

the

referencelevel

(ground

po-

tential).

If

theVOLTS/DIVwasset

to

0.2Vand

a 10: 1

probe

was

used.

Substitutingthegivenvalues:

Dclevel

=

3.8(div)

x

0.2(V)

x 10=

7.6V

APPLICATION

MEASUREMENTOFTHEVOLTAGE

BETWEEN

TWOPOINTSONA WAVEFORM

This

procedure

maybe

used

to

measurepeak-topeakvol-

tages,

orfor

measuringthevoltagedifferencebetween

any

twopoints

ona

waveform.

Procedure:

1.

Apply

the

signal

tobe

measured

tothe

INPUT

jack,

se-

lect

the

vertical

MODE

tothe

channel

tobe

used

and

set

the

AC-GND-DC

switch

toAC,

adjustingVOLTS/

DIV

and

SWEEPTIME/DIVcontrols

fora

normaldis-

play.SettheVARIABLEcontrol

to

CAL

2.

Usingthe

^

POSITIONcontroladjustthewaveform

po-

sition

suchthat

oneofthetwo

points

falls

ona

major

graduationline.

3.

Using

the

POSITIONcontrol,adjust

the

second

point

to

coincidewith

the

centerverticalgraduation

line.

4.

Measure

the

verticaldistancebetween

thetwo

points

andmultiply

the

number

of

divisions

bythe

setting

of

theVOLTS/DIVcontrol.

If

a

probe

is

used,furthermultiplythis

bythe

probe

at-

tenuationratio,

if

anyandif'x

5

GAIN"

is

used,multiply

thevalue

by

1

/5

as

well.

Usingtheformula:

Volts

Peak-to-Peak

=

Vertical

distance(div)

x

(VOLTS/DIVsetting)

x

(probe

attenuationratio)

x

"x

5

GAIN"value"1

(1/5)

Adjust

to

thecenter

vertical

scale

with

O

POSITION.

[EXAMPLE]

For

theexampleshown

inFig

10,thetwopointsaresepa-

rated

by4.4

divisionsvertically.Let

the

VOLTS/DIV

set-

ting

be

0.2V/divandthe

probe

attenuation

be

10:1.

Substitutingthegivenvalue:

Voltagebetweentwopoints

=

4.4(div)

x

0.2(V)

x 10

=8.8V

ELIMINATION

OFUNDESIREDSIGNAL

COMPONENTS

The

ADD

featurecan

be

convenientlyused

to

cancel

out

theeffect

ofan

undesiredsignal

component

which

is

sup-

erimposed

on

thesignalyouwish

to

observe.

Procedure:

1.

Apply

thesignalcontaining

an

undesired

component

to

thechannel1 INPUT

jack

andtheundesiredsignalitself

alone

to

thechannel

2

INPUT

jack.

2.

Select

the

vertical

MODE

switch

to

DUAL(CHOP)

and

SOURCEswitch

toCH2.

Verifythatchannel

2

repre-

sents

the

unwantedsignal

in

reversepolarity.

If

neces-

sary,

reversepolarity

by

settingCH2

to

INV.

3.

Select

the

vertical

MODE

switch

toADD,

SOURCE

switch

toV

MODE

andCH2VOLTS/DIVandVARIABLE

controls

so

thattheundesiredsignal

component

is

can-

celled

as

much

as

possible.

The

remainingsignal

should

be

thesignal

you

wish

to

observealoneandfree

oftheunwantedsignal.

Signal

containingundesired

component

(Brokenlines:undesired

component

envelope)

Undesired

component

signal

19

Points

tobe

measured

Vertical

distance

between

two

points.

Adjust

to

thehorizontal

scale

with

*

POSITION

Fig.

10

APPLICATION

Signal

withoutundesired

component

TIME

MEASUREMENTS

This

isthe

procedure

for

makingtimemeasurementsbet-

ween

two

points

ona

waveform.Thecombination

of

the

SWEEP

TIME/DIV

andthe

horizontaldistance

in

divisions

betweenthetwopoints

is

used

in

thecalculation.

Procedure:

1.

Apply

thesignal

tobe

measured

to

theINPUT

jack

and

select

the

vertical

MODE

switch

tothe

channel

tobe

used.

AdjustVOLTS/DIV

and

SWEEPTIME/DIVcon-

trols

fora

normaldisplay.

Be

surethattheVARIABLEcontrolisset

to

CAL.

2.

Using

they

POSITIONcontrolset

oneof

thepoints

to

beused

asa

reference

to

coincidewith

the

horizontal

centerline.

Use

thePOSITIONcontrol

to

setthis

point

atthe

in-

tersection

of

anyverticalgraduationline.

3.

Measure

the

horizontaldistancebetween

thetwo

points.

Multiply

this

bythe

setting

of

the

A

SWEEPTIME/DIV

control

to

obtain

the

timebetween

thetwo

points.

If

horizontal

"x10MAG"is

used,multiplythisfurther

by

1/10.

Usingtheformula:

Time

=

Horizontaldistance(div)

x

(SWEEPTIME/DIV

set-

ting)

x

"x

10

MAG"value"1(1/10)

[EXAMPLE]

For

the

exampleshown

in

Fig.12,

the

horizontaldistance

betweenthetwopoints

is5.4

divisions.

If

theSWEEPTIME/DIVis

0.2

ms/divwecalculate.

Substitutingthegivenvalue:

Time

=

5.4(div)

x

0.2(ms)

=

1.08

ms

FREQUENCY

MEASUREMENTS

Frequencymeasurementsaremade

by

measuring

the

per-

iod

ofone

cycle

of

waveform

and

taking

the

reciprocal

of

this

timevalueasthefrequency.

Procedure:

1.

Setthe

oscilloscope

upto

display

one

cycle

of

wave-

form

(oneperiod).

2.

Thefrequencyisthereciprocal

of

the

period

measured.

Usingtheformula:

Freq

=—\—;

period

[EXAMPLE]

For

the

exampleshown

inFig.13,a

period

of40/zsis

observedandmeasured:

Substitutingthegivenvalue:

Freq

=

1

/[40

x

10"6]

=

2.5

x

104

= 25kHz

20

-

Adjust

to

thevertical

"

scale

with

<*•

POSITION

Horizontaldistance Adjust

to

horizontalcenter

line

with*POSITION

Fig.

12

Fig.

11

1

cycle

= 40/us (5

/zs/div.

x 8

div.)

Fig.

13

Kenwood CS-2110 User manual

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