Kenwood CS-4125 User manual

20MHz DUAL TRACE OSCILLOSCOPE
CS-4125
40MHz DUAL TRACE OSCILLOSCOPE
CS-4135
INSTRUCTIONMANUAL
KENWOODCORPORATION
©B63-0302-08
96/121110 98765432
KENWOOD

SAFETY
Symbol in This Manual
A This symbolindicateswhereapplicablecautionaryorotherinformationistobe
found.
Power Source
This equipment operates froma powersource that notapplymorethan 250V rms.
betweenthesupplyconductorsorbetweeneithersupplyconductorandground.A
protectivegroundconnectionbywayofthegroundingconductorinthepower
cord isessentialforsafeoperation.
Grounding theProduct
This equipmentisgroundedthroughthegroundingconductorofthepowercord.
To avoid electricalshock,plugthepowercordintoa properly wired receptacle
beforeconnectingtotheequipmentinputor output terminals.
Use theProperPower Cord
Use onlythepowercordandconnectorspecifiedforyourproduct.
Use theProperFuse
To avoid fire hazard,usea fuseofthecorrecttype.
Do notOperatein Explosive Atmospheres
To avoid explosion,donot operate thisproductinanexplosiveatmosphere.
Do notRemove Cover orPanel
To avoid personal injury, donotremovethecoverorpanel. Refer servicing to
qualified personnel.
If theequipmentisusedina mannernotspecified,theprotectionprovidedbythe
equipmentmaybeimpaired.
2

SICHERHEIT
Symbol indieserAnleitung
A Dieses SymbolZeigtan,woSicherheitshinweiseund andere wichtigeInfor-
mationenzufindensind.
Spannungsquelle
Dieses Gerät istmiteinerSpannungsquellezubetreiben,beidernichtmehrals
250 Veff Zwischen denVersorgungsleiternbzw.zwischenVersorgungsleiterund
Erde anliegen. Eineordnungsgemä/Se Erdung über denSchutzleiterdesNetzka-
belsistfürsicherenBetrieberforderlich.
Erdung des Geräts
DasGerätwirdüber denSchutzleiterdesNetzkabels geerdet. Zur Verhütung
elektrischer Schlägezunächst denNetzsteckerineine entsprechende Steckdose
mit Schutzkontaktsteckenunderstdanndie Einbzw. Ausgangsbuchsendes
Gerätsbeschälten.
GeeignetesNetzkabelverwenden
StetseinNetzkabelverwenden,dessen Ausführung undSteckerder Gerätespezi-
fikation entspricht.
GeeigneteSicherungverwenden
ZurVerhütung einesBrandes stets eineSicherungmitdenkorrekten
Kennwerten verwenden.
Nicht in explosionsgefährlicher Umgebungbetreiben
ZurVerhütung einer Explosion das Gerät nichtin explosionsgefährlicher Umge-
bungbetreiben.
Deckel undAbdeckungennichtentfernen
ZurVerhütung einesPersonenschadensweber Deckel nochAbdeckungenentfer-
nen. Alle Wartungs- undInstandsetzungsarbeiten stets qualifiziertemFachper-
sonal überlassen.
SICHERHEIT
Wenn das Gerät aufeinenichtspezifizierteWeise benutzt wird, istdervondem
Gerät gelieferteSchutz beeinträchtigt.
3

CONTENTS
SAFETY 2
SAFETY AND EQUIPMENTPROTECTIONPRECAUTIONS 5
FEATURES 7
PREFACE • 8
PANEL EXPLANATION 9
FRONT PANEL 9
REAR PANEL 14
USE OF HANDLE 15
SUPPLIEDPROBE 15
CHECKING AND ADJUSTMENT'SPRIOR TO MEASUREMENT
16
OPERATINGPROCEDURES .—IS
SINGLE TRACEOPERATION 18
AlternatingCurrentDisplay18
CompositeVideoSignalDisplay•••••19
DUAL TRACEOPERATION 19
Switching VerticalOperation Modes ...—19
Switching TriggerSource19
External Trigger20
Line Trigger20
SWEEPMAGNIFIEDOPERATION
20
X-Y OPERATION
20
APPLICATIONS • 21
MeasuringVoltageBetweenTwo points ona Waveform21
Common-ModeRejection22
MeasuringDirectCurrent(DC)Voltage23
MeasuringSignalwithLowFrequency Components 24
MeasuringSignalwithHighFrequency Components 24
MeasuringTimeBetweenTwoPoints25
MeasuringFrequencies26
MAINTENANCE
27
FUSE REPLACEMENT 27
CHANGING VOLTAGEREQUIREMENTS
27
CLEANING 28
SPECIFICATIONS 29
OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT 33
How toAttachtheAccessoryBag33
4

SAFETY AND EQUIPMENT PROTECTION PRECAUTIONS
1. Checkyourlinevoltage before use.Theoscilloscopevoltagerating appears
onthebackoftheset.Ifyourlinevoltageisdifferentfromtheoscilloscope's
rating, there isa danger ofmalfunctioning.Youshouldpluginthecordonly
aftermakingsure that thetwovoltageratingsarethesame.
2. Theoscilloscopeisequipped with internal components that arehighlycharged
electrically. Foryourownprotection,donotforanyreasonremovethe set's
casing.
3. Usethisoscilloscopeindoors.
This oscilloscopeisdesignedforindooruseonly.Donotuseit outdoors. If
it isused outdoors, water penetrates intotheoscilloscopethroughthevent
holeswhenitrainsorsnows,causingshort circuit, electricshocks,electro-
cutionor otherdangerous accidents.
4. Donot lock theventholes.
Do notplacethisoscillocopeclosetothe wall, other instrumentsorthe like.
Do notplaceanyobjectonthisoscilloscope.Iftheventholesofthecasing
areblocked,the temperature insidetheoscilloscoperisesexcessively,
resultinginthepossibilityofsmoke, fire or other accidents.
5. Donotusetheoscilloscopeinthefollowinglocations.
#Indirectsunlight.
#Inextremelyhot and/or humidareas.
® Inareasaffectedbyhighlevelsofmechanicalvibration.
#Aroundareas with stronglinesofmagneticforceorimpulsevoltage.
#A placewhereexplosivegasorvaporisproducedorstored.
6.Makesure that thevoltageappliedtoeachinputterminal does notexceedthe
maximum amounts specified.
A CHI, CH2and EXT.TRIG inputterminals:800Vp-por 400V(DC+ACpeak)
A Z.AXIS inputterminals:84Vp-por42 V(DC+ACpeak)
Moreover,donot under anycircumstancesapplyvoltagetothe output termi-
nalsfromexternalpowersources.
5

7. Inordertopreventthe CRT's fluorescentscreenfromscorching,donot
adjustthebrightnesshigherthannecessaryanddonotleavethespotting
function onforlongperiodsoftime.
8.Thesethasbeenequipped with handle,so that youcanpositionitineither
horizontal ordiagonalpositions.However,donotplaceanyobjectsontopof
thesetorpositionitinareaswheretheventilationholesinthecasingare
blocked inanyway. Such blockage will causethetemperatureoftheinternal
componentstoincrease,resultinginpossible damage totheunit.Donotput
liquid, metalorotherforeignmattersthroughtheventhole,etc.
9. DonotuseX 1QMAG during X-Y operation.Wavepatternnoise tends to
occurwhenX 10MAG isused.
10. The probe hasbeenmanufactured with thesame level ofdelicateprecisionas
theoscilloscopeitself.Be very carefulwhenhandlingit.
6

FEATURES
• High Sensitivity: Sensitivityas1 mV/div.
• WideBands: ThefrequencybandisDCto 5MHz C-3dB) at1,
2 mV/div andDCto-40MHz [CS-4125: 20MHz].
(-3dB) from 5mV/div.
© ContinuousSwitching: A.rotaryswitchenablesvertical axis sensitivity
Attenuatortobeadjustedcontinuouslyfrom lmV/div to5V
/div.
• High SpeedSweep: High speedsweepingispossibleata time base of
20ns/div(duringX 10MAG).
• High Accuracy: Accuracyis within 3%forbothvertical axis sensi-
tivity andsweeptime.
• LargeAperture: The150mmrectangularCRTmonitorfeatures
an internalgraticuleeasy visual recognitionof
waveforms. Thewaveformsdisplayedinhigh
brightnesscanbemonitored with noparallax.
Acceleration voltage: [CS-4135: 12kV, CS-4125:
2kV].
• TraceRotation: Thehorizontaltraceangleiseasilycorrected.
• AutoFreeRunThetracecanbecheckedevenwhen there areno
triggersignalstobeinput.
• Television Trigger: With a speciallydesignedcircuit,adjustment-
Signal Selectionfree,stablesynchronizationforbothframesand
lines canberealizedoverthewhole range from
largeto small amplitudes.
#OneTouch X-Y : SwitchingtoX-Yoperationatthetouchofa
lever switch.
• AutomaticTrigger: Triggersignalscanbeselectedautomatically
Signal Selectionaccordingtothe VERT MODE controlsettingby
simply switchingthe SOURCE controlto VERT.
•CHI OUTPUT : A channel1 output terminalhasbeen added for
CHI inputsignalmonitoring.
•VERT MODE Trigger: CHIandCH2inputsignalsaretriggeredsepa-
rately eveniftheyhavedifferent frequencies.
• Fixed Triggering: Fixtriggeringexemptstheuserfromtrouble-
sometriggeringoperations.
• AutomaticFocusing: Out-of-focusisautomaticallycorrectedwhen
theintensityischanged.
• Handle: A convenienthandleadjustabletotwo tilt angles.
• VariableAttenuation: Thevariableattenuation probe provides attenua-
Probetionata ratioof1/1,helpfulformeasurementof
quitelow level signals.
7

PREFACE
# This manualdescribesthefunctionsandoperationsofthe CS-4135 and
CS-4125.
Most descriptions about thepanelsandoperationsarecommonto these
models.Differentfunctionsandoperationsareenclosedinbrackets[ ] by
designatingthemodels.
Read thedescriptionsforthemodelyoupurchased.
#Descriptionofsymboldisplayedontheequipment.
Symbol
Explanation/Description
Alternating Current
Protective Conductor Terminal
Frame orchassisterminal
Quick actingfuse
Time lagfuse
8

PANEL EXPLANATION
FRONT PANEL
(1) CathodeRayTube (CRT)
The effectivedisplayscreensurfacerunsoveranareaofeight1cm divi-
sionsalongthe vertical axis andten1cmdivisionsalongthehorizontal
axis. With aninnergraticuleetchedright onto the tube face,thechanceof
measurementerrorsduetoparallaxoccurringbetweenthetraceandthe
graticulehavebeensignificantlyreduced.Thereisalsoa % displayfor
measuringrisetimeontheleft edge ofthegraticule.
(2) POWER Switch(j*.ON/ JL OFF)
A push-button type switch that turnsthepowersourceonandoff.Press-
ing the switch turnsthepoweron.Pressingitagainturnspoweroff.
(3) Pilot Lamp
Light upswhenthepoweristurnedon.
(4) CAL Terminal
A voltageterminalforcalibration.Tobeusedforadjustingthe probe.
Capable of1 voltpeaktopeak, positive polarity, square wave signals with
approx.1kHzisenabled.
(5) INTENSITY Control
For adjustingthebrightnessofthetrace line.
(6)FOCUS Control
For adjustingthefocusandattainingtheclearestdisplayspossible.The
automaticfocusingcorrectsout-of-focusautomaticallyevenwhenthe
INTEN controlisturned.However,itmayresultinslightout-of-focus.
9
Figure 1.FrontPanel

In sucha case,carryoutadjustmentagain.
(7)TRACEROTA Control
For adjustingtheslopeofthehorizontaltrace line. Theslopeoftheline will
changeduetosuchinfluencesastheearth'smagneticforce.Usea screw-
driver tokeepthetracelineparallel with thehorizontal axis graticule.
(8) GND Terminal
This isthegroundterminaltobeusedwhensettingupa commonground
with otherequipment.
(9) * POSITION Control
For adjustingthe vertical positionoftheCHIwaveformdisplayedonthe
CRT screen.During X-Y operationitisusedtoadjustthepositionofY-
axis.
(10)VOLTS/DIV Control
For settingthe vertical axis sensitivity with the CHI vertical axis attenua-
tor.Itcanbesetin steps of1,2and5.Settingthe VARIABLE controlall
thewaytotherightat CAL enablescalibrated vertical sensitivity.During
X-Y operation,itbecomesthe attenuator controlforthe Y-axis.
(11)VARIABLE Control
For fineadjustmentofCHI vertical axis sensitivity. Allows continuous
variable adjustment within the VOLTS/DIV range.Whensettotheright
atCAL,the attenuator canbecalibrated.DuringX-Yoperation,it
becomesthefineadjustmentcontrolfortheY axis.
(12) AC-GND-DC Switch
For selectingthe CHI vertical axis inputsignalcouplingmode.
A C I Theinputsignal will becapacitivelycoupled,andallDCcompo-
nents will beeliminated.Thelowrange-3dBattenuation
point will be10Hzorlesswhenusingeithera 1:1 probe ora
coaxial cable,and1Hzorlesswhenusinga corrected10:1
probe.
GND! Vertical amplifierinputisgrounded,andthegroundpotential
can bechecked.Ataninputresistanceof1MO relativetothe
ground,theinputsignalisnotgrounded.Inthismode,the
anti-tracelinejump circuit preventsthetracepositionfrom
changingsuddenlywhenswitchingfromGNDto AC.
D C : Providesdirectcouplingoftheinputsignal,andmeasurement
can becarriedout with thedirectcurrentcomponentintact.
(13) INPUT Jack
TheCHI vertical axis input jack.
During X-Y operation,itbecomesthe Y-axis input jack.

(14) A POSITIONControl
For adjustingthe vertical positionoftheCH2waveformwhendisplayedon
the CRT screen.
(15)VOLTS/DIV Control
The vertical attenuator CH2.ItisoperatedinthesamewayastheCHI
VOLTS/DIV control.
During X-Y operation,itbecomesthe X-axis attenuator.
(16) VARIABLE Control
For fineadjustmentofCH2 vertical axis sensitivity.Itisoperatedinthe
samewayasthe CHI VARIABLE control.
During X-Y operationitisusedforfineadjustmentof X-axis sensitivity.
(17)AC-GND-DC Switch
For selectingthe CH2 vertical axis inputsignalcouplingmode.Itis operat-
edinthesamewayasthe CHIAC-GND-DC switch.
During X-Y operation,itbecomesthe X-axis input switch.
(18) INPUT Jack
The CH2 vertical axis input jack.
During X-Y operation,itbecomesthe X-axis input jack.
(19)PHTHMHMODE Switch
For selectingthe vertical axis operationmode.
CHI : Fordisplayingthe CHI inputsignalonthe CRT screen.
C H 2 : Fordisplayingthe CII2 inputsignalonthe CRT screen.
ALT : Switchesbetween CHI andCH2inputsignalsforeachsweep
anddisplaysthemonthe CRT screen.
CHOP: Fordisplaying CHI andCH2inputsignalsoneaftertheother
ontheCRTscreen,irregardlessofsweepandatanoccur-
rencerateof about 150kHz.
ADD : Fordisplayingcombinedwaveformof CHI andCH2input
signals onthe CRT screen.However,whenCH2issetat INV,
thedifferencebetween CHI andCH2 will bedisplayed.
Alternate (ALT) andChop (CHOP) Modes:
When using these modesduringdualtraceoperation,thedisplay
will bedividedupaccordingtotime.
In thechopmode,eachchannel will besubdividedaccordingto
time within eachsweep.Normally,this kind ofmeasurementis
carried out with signalsofeitherslowersweepratesfrom1ms/
div orlowrepetitionrateswhere flicker isquitenoticeable.
In thealternatemode,eachchannel will bedisplayedoneafter
theotherassoonasonesweephasbeenmade.Therefore,each
channeldisplayappearsmuchclearer.Normally,a fastersweep
is employed.
11

(20)CII2INV Switch
When the button ispushedallthewayin,thepolarityoftheCH2input
signal display will beinverted.
(21)X-Y Oscilloscope Setting Switch
When the button ispushed all theway in, ignores theBJalfflSl MODE
settingandcommencesoperationasan X-Y oscilloscope with CHI asY-
axis and CIT2 as X-axis.
(22)TRIGGERING! MODE selector switch
For selectingtriggeroperationmodes.
AUTO : Sweepisperformedbya trigger signal.
However, intheabsenceofa trigger signal, freerun will
commenceanda trace will appear.
NORN : Sweepisperformedbya trigger signal. Intheabsenceof
a suitabletrigger signal, a trace will not appear.
FIX Sweeptrigger level is fixed. Inthiscase,triggering
is made regardlessof LEVEL control(25)setting.
TV-FRAME : Compositevideosignal vertical syncpulsesareselected
outandcoupledtothetrigger circuit.
TV-LINE : Compositevideosignalhorizontalsyncpulsesareselect-
ed outandcoupledtothetrigger circuit.
Note: Thetriggersignaliscapacitivelycoupledtothetrigger circuit in
this oscilloscope.
(23)SOURCE Selector Switch
For selectingthetriggersignalsource.
VERT MODE : Thetriggersignalsource will beselectedbythe
Modesetting.(Seetable1)
VERTICAL MODE
Trigger Signal Source
CHI CHI
CH2 CH2
ALT
Switches betweenCHIandCH2inputsignalsfor
each sweepandselectedfortriggersignalsource.
CHOP
CHI
ADD
Combined signalof CHI and CH2 input signal.
Table 1 SettingtotheTrigger Signal SourceBythe VERTICAL MODE
CHI : The CHI inputsignal will becomethetriggersignalsource.
CH2 : The CH2 inputsignal will becomethetriggersignalsource.
12

LINE '• Thecommercial-usepowersourcevoltagewaveform will
becomethetriggersignalsource.
EXT : Thesignalbeinginputintothe EXT.TRIG jack will becomethe
triggersignalsource.
(24)SLOPE Control( f M. JHL\ )
For selectingtheslopepolarityofthetriggeredsweep signal. Whenthe
push-buttonisout( JL_/~ ),triggering will beperformed with thetrigger
sourcesignal rising. Whenthepush-buttonispressedin( m\),trigger-
ingwill beperformed with thetriggersourcesignal falling.
(25) LEVEL Control
For adjustingthetriggerthreshold level. This will determineatwhatpoint
on thesignalwaveformslopesweep will commence.
(26)EXT.TRIG Input Jack
The inputterminalforexternallygeneratedtriggersignals.Whenthe
SOURCE switch issetat EXT, signalsinputthroughthisterminal will
becomethetriggersignalsource.
(27) < • POSITION Control
For adjustingthehorizontalpositionofwaveformdisplayedontheCRT
screen.
(28)SWEEPTIME/DIV Control
For settingthesweeptime.Settingcanbecarriedoutover20 steps
between0.2u s/divand0.5s/divin1-2-5 step sequence.Whenthe VARI-
ABLE controlissetallthewaytotherightat CAL, sweepratevalues will
becomecalibrated.
(29)VARIABLE Control
Continuoussweeptimeadjustmentcanbecarriedout within the SWEEP
TIME/DIV rangebythisfinecontrol.Thesweeptimebecomescompensat-
ed byturningthe CAL alltheway clockwise.
(30) x IOMAG Switch
Press this switch tomagnifythedisplay10X left andrightfromthe
centerof CRT screen.
13

REAR PANEL
(31)Z. AXIS INPUT Jack
Input jack forintensitymodulationof CRT electronbeam.Positivevoltage
decreacesintensity. TTL level intensitymodulationpossible.
(32) CHI OUTPUT Jack
CHI vertical output terminal.OutputoccursatACcoupling.Forconnect-
ing a counterwhenmeasuringfrequencies.Whenusinga counterto
measurefrequencies, there isthepossibility that accuratemeasurements
will notdisplayedduetonoiseinterference.Whenthisoccurs,eitherset
theCHI VOLTS/DIV to another range,orsetthe VARIABLE controltoa
position other than CAL. CascadeconnectionoftheCHIandCH2isimpos-
sible.
(33) • (Indicatefor Line VoltageRating)
The factorydeliveredvoltagerating.Thelinevoltageratingbelowthe•
mark showsthelinevoltagesettingofyouroscilloscope.
(34) FuseHolder, Line VoltageSelector
Changingthevoltageratingshouldbe done strictlyaccordingtothedirec-
tionsinthesectionentitled "MAINTENANCE" andafterdisconnecting
thepowercordfromthepowersourceinlet.
(35) Power Cord Receptacle
A commercial-usepowersourceinputconnector.
14
Figure 2.RearPanel

|USE OF HANDLE 1
Expand theportion© ofthehandletobothsides,andturnthehandletothe
intendedposition.Makesure that thehandleislockedsecurelybeforeuse.
Do notsetthehandletoanypositionnotshownabove.Besuretosetitto
position(Dwhencarryingtheoscilloscope.
[SUPPLIEDPROBE)
The probe PC-11 supplied with the CS-4125 hastwoattenuationratios:1/
1 and1/10.
groundlead
For adjustmentofprobe,seeitem3 insection "CHECKINGANDADJUST-
MENTS PRIOR TO MEASUREMENT".
Maximum InputVoltage: 600VDC
15
CD
:
Carrying Position
® and(3): Tilt position
@ : Closeposition
Figure 3. HandlePosition
1/1" 1/10selectionswitch Retractablehooktip
capacitancecompensationtrimmer
Figure 4.PC-41 Probe

CHECKING ANDADJUSTMENTPRIORTOMEASUREMENT
In orderto operate theoscilloscopeatitsoptimumperformance level, carry out
the following checksandadjustmentbeforedoingyourmeasurements.The
instructions which follow concerningbasicoperationtechniquesandapplications
assumethatthechecksandadjustmentdescribedherehavebeencompleted.
1. Adjust thecontrolpaneltothe following settings.
MODEAUTO
SOURCE VERT MODE
ffiaHJMMMODE CHI (INV:OFF)
SLOPE +
LEVEL 12 O'CLOCK
CHI (Y); CH2(X)
^POSITION 12 O'CLOCK
VARIABLE CAL
VOLTS/DIV 5V/DIV
AC-GND-DC GND
HORIZONTAL
< • POSITION 12 O'CLOCK
VARIABLE CAL
SWEEP TIME/DIV 0.2ms/DIV
X10MAG OFF
Next, aftercheckingthepowersourcevoltageratings, switch the POWER
control on.Thepilotlamp will lightup,anda trace line will appearin10to15
seconds. Check toseethatrotatingthe INTENSITY controltotheright
increases tracebrightness,androtatingittothe left decreasesbrightness.
Then rotate the INTENSITY controlallwayto left andextinguishthetrace
line tobeingpreheating.Forthemostaccuratemeasurementresults,itis
necessary topreheattheoscilloscopeforabout30minutes.However,ifyou
intend onlytodisplaywaveforms,preheatingisnotnecessary.
2. After preheating,adjustthe INTENSITY controlsothatthetrace line iseasy
tosee,andadjustthe FOCUS controltoattaintheclearestdisplayimage
possible. Then usethe TRACEROTA controltobringthetrace line parallel
with thehorizontalgraduation lines.
16

3. Plugthe probe intothe INPUT jacksofeachchannel.Setthe AC-GND-DC
controlat DC and thetfiWtWMllllMODE controlat CHI. Plugthe CHI probe
tothe CAL terminalandsetthe VOLTS/DIV controlat 20mV/DIV. Adjust
they POSITION controlso that allofthewaveformcanbeseen. With the
waveform inthisposition,carryout probe compensationadjustmentusing
Figure 5 andseesection "USE OF PROBE".
®Left waveshape:overmodified
® Middlewaveshape:modified
inadequately
(DRightsidewaveshape: proper
Pleaseproperlyadjustcapacitancecompensation
trimmerof probe toobtain shape wave©
Figure 5.ProbeCompensationAdjustment
Set the BPirilOH^ni MODE controlto CH2 andcarryoutcompensationadjust-
mentoftheChannel2 probe. After compensatingthechannelprobes,use
theCHI probe exclusively inchannel1,andtheCH2 probe exclusively in
channel2. This isnecessarybecause there isa slightcapacitancevariation
betweenthetwochannels,andconfusing probes will causechangesin
compensationadjustments.
4. Returnthe VMMMMMODE controlto CHI, eachchannel's AC-GND-DC
controltotheACsetting,eachchannel's VOLTS/DIV controlto 5V/DIV. ^
POSITION and< • POSITION controlsto12o'clock.
This iswhatwerefertoasthe "initial setting"condition.
17

OPERATINGPROCEDURES
SINGLE TRACEOPERATION
Alternating Current Display
With theoscilloscopeinthe initial settingcondition(refertoSection5 of CHECK-
ING AND ADJUSTMENTPRIOR TO MEASUREMENT), displayontheCRT
screenthesignalappliedtotheCHI INPUT terminal.Adjustthesignalampli-
tude toaneasytomeasuresizebychangingthe VOLTS/DIV controlsetting.The
CHI VARIABLE controlmaybe rotated to change theamplitudeincontinuous
fashion.However,ifthisisnotnecessaryleavethesettingat CAL.
Next, adjustthehorizontal SWEEPTIME/DIV controltoattainaneasyto
measuredisplay.Makesuretoleavethe VARIABLE controlsettingat CAL.
Wheneverthewaveformbeginstodestabilize,itisnecessarytousethetriggering
operation.Rotatingthetrigger LEVEL controlleftorright will stabilizethewave-
form.
Dependingonthetypeofsignal,switchingthe SLOPE control will alsogiveyou
clearerdisplays.Thesekindsof operations usingthetrigger LEVEL and SLOPE
controlarereferredtoasSettingtheTriggerPoint.Theoscilloscopebeginssweep-
ing from pre-set triggerpoints.
SLOPE " + " RANGE
When inputtinglowfrequencysignalsorslowoccurrence rate signals,switchthe
[TRIGGERING! MODE controltothe NORM setting. Even though thewaveform
displaymaydisappearfromthe CRT screenwhensignalamplitudesarerelative-
ly smallorthetriggerpointsettingisinappropriate.The NORM setting will
allow morestabletriggeringthancanbeattainedinthe AUTO setting.
18
TRIGGER LEVEL
SLOPE " + " TRIGGER POINT
SLOPE "-" TRIGGER POINT
- Direction;
(Rotate Left)
SLOPE "-" RANGE
+ Direction
(RotateRight)
Figure 6. Relationships LEVEL and SLOPE

CompositeVideo Signal Display
When inputtingcompositevideosignals,setthe [TRIGGERING] MODE toeither
TV-FRAME or TV-LINE. Also switch the SLOPE controlinaccordance with
signal polarity.
Figure 7.Relationshipbetween TRIGGERING MODE and SLOPE
DUAL TRACE OPERATIONS
Switching Vertical OperationModes
When the iiiiigilMI MODE controlissetat CH2, the CRT screen will display
thesignalappliedtothechannel2 INPUT terminal.Theamplitudecanbealtered
using thechannel2 VOLTS/DIV control.Theproceduresforswitchingthesweep
timeandsettingthetriggerpointarethesameasforchannel1.
When the ESSI MODE controlissetat ALT, the CHI andCH2signalsare
displayed oneafterthe other foreachsweep.
When the BlaUBMl MODE controlissetat CHOP, the CHI andCH2signals
aresub-dividedaccordingtotimeanddisplayedonthescreen.
When the MiaaWHW MODE controlissetat ADD, CHIandCH2signals will be
combined (CH1+CH2) ontheCRTdisplayscreen.IftheCH2INVcontrolis
pressedinthisconditionthedifferential (CH1-CH2) ofthetwochannels will be
displayed. InordertomeasuredisplayedwaveformsattheADDsetting,itis
necessary that the VOLTS/DIV controlsettingsbethesameforbothchannels.
SwitchingTriggerSource
When themaWMMWMODEcontrolissetat CHI, ALT, CHOP, or ADD andthe
SOURCE controlissetat VERT MODE, thesignalsourceforthetriggerbecomes
channel1.Atthistime,ifthe CHI signalistoocomplicated,makingthetrigger
pointtoo difficult, switch the SOURCE controltotheCH2setting.TheCH2
signal will besimpleenoughfora stabletriggerpointsetting.However,when
thewaveformsofbothchannelsaretoocomplicated,useanexternalsourceto
setthetriggerpoint.
If signalshavingdifferentfrequenciesareinputtoCHIandCH2,setthe
ES355SIMODEselectorto ALT and SOURCE selectorto VERT MODE. Input
signalsto CHI andCH2areusedasthetriggersignalsources, which alternatein
every sweeping. Thus, bothsignalsaretriggered.
19
SLOPE
TV-FRAME
TV-LINE

External Trigger
Set theSourcecontrolat EXT andapplya signaltothe EXT.TRIG terminal.Itis
necessary that thissignalhavea fixed timingrelationshiptoeither CHI orCH2.
Also, inorderto simplify thetriggerpointsettingprocess,youshoulduseas
simpleanexternalsignalaspossible.
Trigger Point
EXT.Trig Signal
Line Trigger
When theCHIorCH2signalissynchronized with a commercial-usepower
sourcefrequency,settingthe SOURCE controlat LINEwill stabilizethetrigger.
SWEEP MAGNIFICATIONOPERATION
When carryingoutmeasurementbymagnifyinga portionofthedisplayedwave-
form intermsoftime,increasingsweepspeedmaycausethewaveformportion
tobemeasuredtodisappearfromthescreen.Whenthis happens, waveform
measurementcan still be done bymagnifyingthesweep.
Work the <4 • POSITION controltomovethewaveformportiontobemagnified
tothemiddleoftheCRTdisplayscreen.ThenpresstheX 10MAG controlto
magnify thewaveform10timesinthehorizontaldirection.
X-Y OPERATION
The oscilloscopenotonlyhasallthefunctionsofa conventionaloscilloscope,but
mayalsobe operated asanX-Yoscilloscope. With X-Yoperation,signals
appliedtotheCHI INPUT terminalaredefectedonthe Y-axis, signalsappliedto
theCH2 INPUT terminalaredeflectedonthe X-axis, andLissajous patterns
makesitpossibleto find out phase differencesbetweenthetwosignalsand find
outtheirrelativefrequencyproportion.
20
CHI Signal
CH2 Signal
Figure 8. EXT.TRIG