Kobold PAS User manual

Operating Instructions
for
SMART PRESSURE TRANSMITTER
Model: PAS

PAS
page 2 PAS K17/1022
1. Contents
1. Contents........................................................................................................2
2. Introduction...................................................................................................4
3. Using This Manual ........................................................................................5
3.1 Overview of Transmitter.......................................................................6
3.2 Software Compatibility.........................................................................6
3.3 Transmitter Components .....................................................................7
4. Handling Cautions.........................................................................................8
4.1 Unpacking............................................................................................9
4.2 Models and Specifications Check........................................................9
4.3 Storage................................................................................................9
4.4 Selecting Installation Locations..........................................................10
4.5 Performing Sensor Zero Trim after Installation..................................10
4.6 Pressure Connections .......................................................................11
4.7 Waterproofing of Cable Conduit Connections....................................11
4.8 Restrictions on Use of Radio Transceivers........................................11
4.9 Insulation Resistance Test and Dielectric Strength Test....................12
4.10 Installation of Explosion Protected Type Transmitters.......................13
4.11 Notes on the machine and pressure equipment directive..................18
5. Transmitter Functions .................................................................................18
5.1 Overview............................................................................................18
5.2 Safety Message.................................................................................18
5.3 Warning .............................................................................................19
5.4 Fail Mode Alarm.................................................................................19
5.5 EEProm-Write Enable / Disable Mode Switch ...................................21
5.6 Configuration of Alarm and Security Jumper Procedures..................22
5.7 Configuration of Zero and Span Procedures with Buttons.................22
5.8 Wiring Connections for External HHT/ Ammeter................................31
6. Installation...................................................................................................32
6.1 Overview............................................................................................32
6.2 Safety Message.................................................................................32
6.3 Warning .............................................................................................32
6.4 Commissioning on the bench with Hand-Held Terminal....................33
6.5 General Considerations.....................................................................34
6.6 Electrical Considerations ...................................................................34
6.7 Wiring.................................................................................................35
6.8 Mechanical Considerations................................................................44
6.9 Environmental Considerations...........................................................45
7. On-line Operation........................................................................................46
7.1 Overview............................................................................................46
7.2 Safety Message.................................................................................46
7.3 Configuration Data Review................................................................46
7.4 Check Output.....................................................................................46
7.5 Basic Setup........................................................................................47
7.6 Detailed Setup...................................................................................47
7.7 Tag Information set up.......................................................................48
7.8 Diagnostics and Services...................................................................49

PAS
PAS K1710522 page 3
7.9 Calibration .........................................................................................49
8. Maintenance...............................................................................................51
8.1 Overview............................................................................................51
8.2 Safety Message.................................................................................51
8.3 Hardware Diagnostics........................................................................52
8.4 Hardware Maintenance......................................................................53
9. Appendix I...................................................................................................56
10. Disposal......................................................................................................58
11. EU Declaration of Conformance .................................................................59
12. EU Type Examination Ex d.........................................................................61
13. EU Type Examination Ex ia........................................................................64
Manufactured and sold by:
Kobold Messring GmbH
Nordring 22-24
D-65719 Hofheim
Tel.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-Mail: [e-mail]
Internet: www.kobold.com
Version: K17/1022

PAS
page 4 PAS K17/1022
The instruction manuals on our website www.kobold.com are always for currently
manufactured version of our products. Due to technical changes, the instruction
manuals available online may not always correspond to the product version you have
purchased. If you need an instruction manual that corresponds to the purchased
product version, you can request it from us free of charge by email
([e-mail]) in PDF format, specifying the relevant invoice number and serial
number. If you wish, the operating instructions can also be sent to you by post in paper
form against an applicable postage fee.
2. Introduction
The PAS Smart Pressure Transmitter are correctly calibrated at the factory before
shipment. To ensure correct and efficient use of the instrument, please read this
manual thoroughly and fully understand how to operate the instrument before
operating it
1. The contents of this manual are subject to change without prior notice.
2. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form
without KOBOLD Messring GmbH’s written permission.
3. If any question arises or errors are found, or if any information is missing from
this manual, please inform the nearest KOBOLD sales office.
4. The specifications covered by this manual are limited to those for the standard
type under the specified model number break-down and do not cover custom-
made instrument.
5. Please note that changes in the specifications, construction, or component
parts of the instrument may not immediately be reflected in this manual at the
time of change, provided that postponement of revisions will not cause
difficulty to the user from a functional of performance standpoint.

PAS
PAS K1710522 page 5
3. Using This Manual
The Chapters in this operating manual provide information on installing,
operating, and maintaining devices from KOBOLD Model PAS Smart Pressure
Transmitter. Chapters within this manual are organised as follows.
Chapter 4 Handling Cautions
Chapter 4 provides instructions on software functions, configuration parameters,
and online variables.
Chapter 5 Transmitter Functions
Chapter 5 contains instructions for configuring and commissioning Model PAS
Smart Pressure Transmitters.
Chapter 6 Installation
Chapter 6 contains mechanical, environment and electrical installation
instructions for Model PAS Smart Pressure Transmitters.
Chapter 7 On-line Operation
Chapter 7 describes the configuration process and how to use basic and
advanced Model PAS Smart Pressure Transmitter software functions during
configuration. Included in these sections are details on using:-.
(1) Sensor or Output Trim
(2) Changing range configuration, Output Type, Damping, measurement units
etc.
(3) Change of general data such as Tag No. Date, Message etc.
Chapter 8 Maintenance
Chapter 8 contains hardware diagnostics, troubleshooting and maintenance
tasks.
Appendix I : List of Error Codes available on LCD display

PAS
page 6 PAS K17/1022
3.1 Overview of Transmitter
Kobold Smart Pressure Transmitters are microprocessor based “smart” pressure
transmitters. It uses a piezoelectric/ capacitance pickup optimised & accurately
characterised with a patented temperature compensation algorithm for high
precision & long-term stable gauge and absolute pressure measurements over a
wide range of operating conditions. PAS is a two-wire loop power transmitter and
has a standard 4/20mA output scaled for desired output pressure range. In
addition, it also offers digital HART® (digital signal superimposed over the
analogue output) communication that allows transmitting additional digital
parameters/diagnostic information for advanced control systems like DCS, PLC.
This transmitter can be configured remotely via HART® communication through a
HHT (HART® Hand-Held Terminal using DDL or DOF technology) or any HART®
enabled PC configurator. This allows critical variables to be changed, configured
and tested remotely by users. Note: For HART® Communication a minimum
250~500 Ohm loop resistance is mandatory between power supply and
transmitter.
3.2 Software Compatibility
KOBOLD Smart Pressure Transmitters are shipped from the factory with the most
up to date firmware. However, as product developments and new features are
released a firmware update becomes necessary to incorporate these new
changes. As such transmitters with older firmware may restrict certain functions
when communicating with an external HHT (Model 275/375HART®
Communicator). There may also be some differences on supported functions on
the local push button menu based on the installed firmware revision of the
transmitter. This manual is based on firmware Revision 6.3. Function deviations
as to firmware Revision are same as in table below:
FUNCTION
Function Supports
ZERO / SPAN Button
PC/UMPC
HART
275/375
Version 6.3 or above
ZERO/SPAN
●
●
●
ZERO TRIM
●
●
●
ZERO Adj
●
●
●
Units set
●
●
●
Range set
●
●
●
Damping set
●
●
●
LCD Decimal set
●
●
∆
LCD Mode
●
●
∆
● : Supported.
∆: Supported but update required

PAS
PAS K1710522 page 7
3.3 Transmitter Components
The various components of PAS Series Smart Pressure Transmitter are shown
below:
[Figure 3-1 Transmitter Exposed View and Components]

PAS
page 8 PAS K17/1022
4. Handling Cautions
This chapter consists of cautions for transmitter handling and storage, selection
of installation locations, insulation and explosion structure, etc.
[Quick Reference Manual]
Step Job Job Details Instrument
1 Unpacking
-
Unpack transmitter packing
2 Model and
Specifications
Check
-Make sure whether the delivered transmitter is same
as options attached on its nameplate
Nameplate
3 Storage
-Places not exposed to water, non-vibration and non-
impact area
-Ambient temperature 25 deg C and relative humidity
65 % RH
4 Calibration Bench - Configuration of Range, Zero/Span, Unit, Tag,
Damping Time, Transfer Function, DA Trim and other
parameters
- HHT
- Pressure
Source
- Galvanometer
5 Installation
Locations
-Where ambient temperature is not fluctuated
-Where corrosion happens by chemical materials, etc.
-Where vibration and impact is not severe
-Where non-explosion area is matched on
explosionproof regulations
-
Where maintenance is very easy
(Engineering)
6 Mechanical
Considerations -Where transmitter can be handled easily
-Be cautious of pressure leaks.
(Engineering)
7 Electrical
Considerations
-Connect 24 VDC
(Power Supply is 12.5 VDC – 45 VDC)
-For HART communication, total
resistance on
transmitter terminal loop should be 250 – 550 Ohm.
(Engineering)
8 Mounting and
Installation
-
For mounting transmitter, an appropriate bracket
should be used.
-Transmitter should be fixed firmly to its bracket.
(Mounting and
Installation)
9 Calibration on
Spot
-Sensor Zero Trim is highly recommended during first
installation and start-up. During a Zero trim the zero
baseline of transmitter is established.
-Before initiating zero trim make sure that PV value of
transmitter is zero and current output is at 4 mA.
HHT or
Zero/Span
button
10 Pressure
-Do not apply differentia
l and/or full line pressure
suddenly.
-Close equalizing valve of 3/5 valve manifold, then,
open stop valve on high and low side slowly and
simultaneously.
(Applying
pressure)
11 Operation - Make sure that transmitter operates within specs. Visual or HHT

PAS
PAS K1710522 page 9
4.1 Unpacking
When moving the transmitter to the installation site transfer it in its original
packaging. Only unpack the transmitter on site of installation to avoid damage
during transit.
4.2 Models and Specifications Check
The model name and specifications are indicated on the top name plate fixed to
the transmitters. Please check your specification and model supplied for your
installation.
4.3 Storage
The following precautions must be observed when storing the instrument,
especially for a long period.
(1) Select a storage area that meets the following conditions:
a) It is not directly exposed to rain, water, snow or sun light.
b) It is exposed to minimum vibration and shock.
c) If possible, it is advisable to store at normal temperature and humidity
(approx. 25°C, 65% RH).
However, it can also be stored under ambient temperature and relative
humidity within the following published ranges.
● Ambient Temperature: -40 ~ 80 °C (with LCD module)*
* General use only. For explosion proof versions follow product certification
requirements
● Relative Humidity: 5 % ~ 98 % RH (at 40 °C)
(2) When storing the transmitter, repack with original (or similar) packaging
that was shipped from the factory.
(3) If storing a transmitter that has already been used, thoroughly clean all
wetted parts including diaphragm seals (if installed), process
connections/manifolds in contact with process fluid. In addition, make sure
before storing the transmitter that remote seal (if supplied) assemblies are
securely mounted.

PAS
page 10 PAS K17/1022
4.4 Selecting Installation Locations
The transmitter is designed to withstand severe environmental conditions.
However, to ensure stable and accurate operation for many years, the following
precautions must be observed when selecting an installation location.
(1) Ambient Temperature
Avoid locations subject to wide temperature variations or a significant
temperature gradient. If the location is exposed to radiant heat from plant
equipment, provide adequate insulation or ventilation.
(2) Ambient Atmosphere
Avoid installing the transmitter in a corrosive atmosphere. If the transmitter
must be installed in a corrosive atmosphere, there must be adequate
ventilation as well as measures to prevent intrusion or stagnation of rainwater
in conduits. Moreover, there should be appropriate ventilation preventing
corrosion by rain gathered on conduit.
(3) Shock and Vibration
Select an installation site suffering minimum shock and vibration (although
the transmitter is designed to be relatively resistant to shock and vibration)
(4) Accessibility
Select location that provides easy access for maintenance & calibration.
(5) Installation of Explosion Protected Transmitters.
Explosion – protected transmitters can be installed in hazardous areas
according to gas types for which they are certified.
4.5 Performing Sensor Zero Trim after Installation
(1) Sensor Zero Trim should be done immediately after transmitter is installed
because zero point can shift due to mounting status of the sensor pick up.
(2) For Sensor Zero Trim, make input pressure of transmitter zero prior to
initiating zero trim calibration. Any Sensor Trim done in field must be carried
out after installation is finalized and with transmitter position fixed. Also, if
applying external pressure ensure the display is sufficiently stabilized (after
approximately 10 to 15 seconds) before initiating any Trim function.
(3) There are two recommendations for making input pressure “zero”. One is to
apply a “zero” pressure source (mandatory for absolute pressure models).
The second option is to open equalizing valve of manifolds and venting to
atmospheric pressure (allowed only for Gauge type models).
(4) Sensor Zero Trim can be performed using an external HHC (Hand held
calibrator), PC or PDA configurator, and/ or using Zero/ Span local push
buttons provided on the transmitter.
(5) When using local push buttons please refer to Chapter 4.7 of this manuals for
detailed instructions. If using an external HHT or HART® PC configurator
please refer to the user manuals supplied by the third party supplier.

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PAS K1710522 page 11
4.6 Pressure Connections
The following precautions must be observed in order to safely operate the
transmitter under pressure.
(1) Never apply a pressure higher than the maximum working pressure specified
on the nameplate.
(2) Use adequate seals for leak tight process connections and use only quality
and standardized parts.
(3) Regularly inspect for signs of leakage and apply corrective actions when
necessary.
4.7 Waterproofing of Cable Conduit Connections
Apply a non-hardening sealant (silicone or tape, etc.) to the threads to waterproof
the transmitter cable conduit connections.
4.8 Restrictions on Use of Radio Transceivers
Warning
Instrument installed in the process is under pressure. Never loosen or tighten
the flange bolts as it may cause dangerous spouting of process fluid.

If the accumulated process fluid may be toxic or otherwise harmful, take
appropriate care to avoid contact with the body or
inhalation of vapors even
after dismounting the instrument from process line for maintenance.
Warning

Although the transmitter has been designed to resist high frequency electrical
noise, if a radio transceiver is used near the transmitter or
its external wiring,
the transmitter may be a
ffected by high frequency noise pickup. To test for
such effects, bring the transceiver in use slowly from a distance of several
meters from the transmitter, and observe the measurement loop for noise
effects. Thereafter, always use the transceiver outside
the area affected by
noise.

PAS
page 12 PAS K17/1022
4.9 Insulation Resistance Test and Dielectric Strength Test
Since the transmitter has undergone insulation resistance and dielectric strength
tests at the factory before shipment, normally these tests are not required.
However, if required, observe the following precautions in the test procedures.
(1) Do not perform such tests more frequently than is absolutely necessary. Even
test voltages that do not cause visible damage to the insulation may degrade
the insulation and reduce safety margins.
(2) Never apply a voltage exceeding 500 VDC (100 VDC with an internal lightening
protector) for the insulation resistance test, nor a voltage exceeding 500VAC
(100V AC with an internal lighting protector) for the dielectric strength test.
(3) Before conducting these tests, disconnect all signal lines from the transmitter
terminals. Perform the tests in the following procedure.
(4) Insulation Resistance test
a) Short-circuit the + and - SUPPLY terminals in the terminal box.
b) Turn OFF the insulation tester. Then connect the insulation tester plus (+)
lead wire to the shorted SUPPLY terminals and the minus (-) lead wire to
the grounding terminal.
c) Turn ON the insulation tester power and measure the insulation
resistance. The voltage should be applied short as possible to verify that
insulation resistance is at least 20 MΩ.
d) After completing the test and being very careful not to touch exposed
conductors disconnect the insulation tester and connect a 100kW resister
between the grounding terminal and the short-circuiting SUPPLY
terminals. Leave this resistor connected at least three second to discharge
any static potential. Do not touch the terminal while it is discharging.
(5) Dielectric Strength Test
a) Short-circuit the + and - SUPPLY terminals in the terminal box.
b) Turn OFF the dielectric strength tester. Then connect the tester between
the shorted SUPPLY terminal and the grounding terminal. Be sure to
connect the grounding lead of the dielectric strength tester to the ground
terminal.
c) Set the current limit on the dielectric strength tester to 10mA, then turn ON
the power and gradually increase the tester voltage from '0' to the
specified voltage.
d) When the specified voltage is reached, hold it for one minute.
e) After completing this test, slowly decrease the voltage to avoid any voltage
surges.

PAS
PAS K1710522 page 13
4.10Installation of Explosion Protected Type Transmitters
4.10.1 ATEX Approval Explosion Proof
ATEX Certification number: KEMA 10ATEX0141 X Issue Number: 3
CE 0158 II 2 D G
Note 1. Model PAS for potentially explosive atmosphere
•Ex db IIC T6...T4 Gb, Ex tb IIIC T85 C..T130 °C Db
•Ambient Temperature: -20 °C Tamb ≤+60 °C
•T6 for -20 °C ≤Tp ≤85 °C;
•T5 for -20 °C ≤Tp ≤100 °C;
•T4 for -20 °C ≤Tp ≤130 °C;
Ambient temperature
range
Process temperature
range
Temperature
class
for EPL Gb
Maximum surface temperature
for EPL Db
-20 °C to +60 °C
-20 °C to +85 °C
T6
85 °C
-20 °C to +60 °C
-20 °C to +100 °C
T5
100 °C
-20 °C to +60 °C
-20 °C to +130 °C
T4
130 °C
Note 2. Electrical Data
•Supply Voltage: 12.5 - 45 Vdc max
•Output Signal: 4 to 20 mA + HART
Note 3. Electrical Connection: 2 x 1/2-14 NPT Female
Note 4. PAS ATEX Certification is according to the below standards
EN IEC 60079-0:2018
EN 60079-1:2014
EN 60079-31:2014
Note 5. Installation
•All wiring shall comply with IEC/EN 60079-14
•The cable glands and blanking elements shall be of a certified one with Ex db
IIC and/or Ex tb IIIC, suitable for the condition of use and correctly installed.
Also, the operating temperature of these cable glands and blanking elements
shall be more than 130 °C.
•Housing Ground must be followed to “local electrical codes”. The most efficient
ground procedure is to connect directly to the earth as least impedance.
•How to Housing Ground:
* Internal Ground Connection: Internal ground connection screw is located in
terminal in housing, the screw can be identified as ground sign.
* External Ground Assembly: This is located in the right side of housing and
identified as ground sign.
•When use tubing, Ex db IIC and/or Ex tb IIIC cable gland or sealing fitting must
be connected with the wall of housing directly.

PAS
page 14 PAS K17/1022
•Tubing is installed a minimum of 5 threads.
•Sensor module is to be threaded a minimum of 7 threads and prevented from
loosening by tightening the housing rotation set screw.
•Precautions shall be taken to minimize the risk of electrostatic discharge.
•How to prevent electrostatic discharge:
1) Make sure that all equipment is correctly grounded.
2) Make sure that the housing and adjacent objects do not rub together.
3) If dirt collects on the equipment, clean it with a damp cloth as soon as
possible.
4) Do not install in a location where the electrostatic charge can increase.
This includes:
- Locations near ventilation systems,
- Locations where there is a risk of an increase in electrostatic charge
caused by
compressed air and dust,
- Locations near machines that use friction,
- Locations near systems that apply electrons as a spray (e.g. near
electrostatic painting systems)
- Locations near other machines and systems that can have large
electrostatic charges.
Note 6. Operation
•WARNING-DO NOT OPEN WHEN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE MAY
BE PRESENT
•Take care not to generate mechanical spark when access to the instrument
and peripheral devices in hazardous location.
•Do not open or disassemble the unit in Ex area.
•To get maximum efficient of grounding, it needs to connect with more than
4 mm2 conductor.
Note 7. Maintenance and Repair
•The instrument modification or parts replacement by other than authorized
representative of KOBOLD Messring GmbH is prohibited.
For information regarding the dimensions of the flameproof joints the
manufacturer shall be contacted.

PAS
PAS K1710522 page 15
4.10.2 ATEX Approval Intrinsic Safe
ATEX Certificate Number: DEKRA 18ATEX0092 X
Equipment or protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive
atmospheres
– Directive 2014/34/EU
The marking of the product shall include the following:
II 1 G or 2 G Ex ia llC T5 or T4 Ga or Gb
For T5: -30 to 40 deg C
For T4: -30 to 80 deg C
Electric Safety Parameter (Ui, Ii, Pi, Ci, Li)
● Ui = 30 Vdc
● Ii = 200 mA
● Pi = 0.9 W
● Ci = 27 nF
● Li = 104 uH
Compliance with Essential Health and Safety Requirements assured with:
EN 60079-0:2009
EN 60079-11:2007
EN 60079-26:2007
Safety Instructions: General
Comply with the installation and safety instructions in the operating
instructions.
Staff must meet the following conditions for mounting, electrical
installation, commissioning and maintenance of the device:
-Be suitable qualified for their role and the tasks they perform
-Be trained in explosion protection
-Be familiar with national regulations
Install the device according to the manufacturer’s instruction and national
regulations
Only use the device in media to which the wetted materials have sufficient
durability.
Avoid electrostatic charging:
-Of plastic surface (e.g. housing, sensor element, special varnishing,
attached additional plates,...)
-Of isolated capacities (e.g. isolated metallic plates)
Safety Instructions: Special Conditions
The non-metallic parts incorporated in the enclosure of this equipment may
generate an ignition capable level of electrostatic charge. Therefore, particularly
when it is used for application that specifically require Group IIC, EPL Ga
equipment, the equipment shall not be installed in a location where the external
conditions can result in the build-up of electrostatic charge on such surfaces.
Additionally, the equipment shall only be cleaned with a damp cloth.
Models with enclosures made of aluminium (ASTM B85) are considered to
present a potential risk of ignition by impact or friction. Care must be taken during

PAS
page 16 PAS K17/1022
installation and use to prevent impact or friction. Particularly, it must not be used
for applications that specifically require EPL Ga equipment.
The insulation between the intrinsically safe circuit and the frame of the
equipment is not capable of withstanding a 500 V dielectric strength test as
defined in clause 6.3.12 of EN 60079-11:2007. This shall be taken into account
during installation.
▲ Warning

There are two cable entries. User shall select one of them to wire the
cable.
Make sure to use a cab
le gland at one cable entry with sufficient
protection category and suiting the outer cable diameter used. The
second cable entry shall be block
ed by using a conduit plug or any other
parts.
For hazardous area usage, the choice of cable gland should suit the
application and fulfill the corresponding certification requirements & End-
user’s requirement.
INSTALLATION
◈Wiring is to be carried out only by qualified staff.
◈The power supply voltage limits shall not be exceeded.
◈Maintenance and repair should be isolated by power supply and any pressure.
◈Wiring methods and length of cable of power supply cable and ground cable
should be considered by proper Ex condition.
◈Transmitter has the ‘reverse polarity protection diode’ in order to prevent failure
in the field while wiring +, - power supply voltage. However if the wiring is not
performed
correctly or wrong terminals on rear terminal board are used for power supply,
the transmitter may malfunction.

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PAS K1710522 page 17
◈Any additional part or accessory connected to transmitter shall have correct
approval certificate to comply with the given Ex/ Non-Ex requirement. Cable
gland, connector, adapter or any other connection used shall have the
appropriate certification/ approval for use with the transmitter
◈Additional electrical connection parts shall only be plugged by suitable plugs.
◈Grounding of housing shall follow the “Local Electrical Codes”. For grounding a
wire cross section of at least 4 mm2is recommended.
◈Any cable grand must be approved by Ex condition in hazardous area.
◈Connecting point of any joint (thread) parts should be followed by IEC 60079-1,
5.3 clause.
◈Housing Grounding
● Internal Ground Connection: Open rear cover on transmitter, the ground bolt
is located inside with grounding mark
● External Ground Assembly: On the left side of transmitter, there is a bolt for
ground with grounding mark (for grounding use a cable lug).
● Housing Rotation hexa screw bolt shall be screwed tightly in order to hold
the position of transmitter
◇Compliance for intrinsically safety is ensured only if the intrinsically safe safety
barrier complies with safety parameters as provided in the relevant ATEX
certification
◇To comply with intrinsic safe system concept, the transmitter is connected with
the safety barrier in a loop (see chapter 6.7 Wiring).
◇To assure an Intrinsic Safety System, the transmitter and barrier must be
wired in accordance with the barrier manufacturer’s field wiring instructions
and the applicable circuit diagram.
◇The approved value of open circuit max. voltage Uo, max. short circuit current
Io and max. power Po in associated equipments are should be less than or
equal for max. safe input voltage Uo, max. input current Ii and max. safe
power Pi of the transmitter with Ex ia.
◇The approved value of max. capacitance Co in associated equipments should
be bigger than total value of capacitance Ci in transmitter with Ex ia + cable
capacitance in associated equipment.
◇The approved value of max. inductance Lo should be bigger than total value
of inductance Li in transmitter with Ex ia + cable inductance in associated
equipment.
Equip with Ex ia
Comparison
Associated Equipment
Ui = 30 VDC
≥
Uo
Ii = 200 mA
≥
Io
Pi = 0.9 W
≥
Po
Ci = 27 nF
<
Co
Li = 104 uH
<
Lo
Warning
The entity concept allows interconnection of intrinsic safe apparatus to
associated apparatus not specifically examined in combination as a
system.

PAS
page 18 PAS K17/1022
Operating
◇Do not open or disassemble of the transmitter in Ex area or while operating.
◇Do not make any spark in Ex area with Kobold transmitters.
4.11Notes on the machine and pressure equipment directive
When used in machines, the measuring unit should be used only when the
machines fulfil the EC-machine guidelines.
as per PED 2014/68/EU
"Pressure gauges with a volume ≤ 0.1 L"
In acc. with Article 4 Paragraph (3), "Sound Engineering Practice", of the PED
2014/68/EU no CE mark.
Diagram 2
Vessels referred to in Article 4(1)(a)(i), second indent
5. Transmitter Functions
5.1 Overview
This Chapter contains information on operating Model PAS. Tasks that should be
performed on the bench priori to installation are explained in this chapter.
5.2 Safety Message
Procedures and instructions in this chapter may require special precautions to
ensure the safety of the personnel performing the operations. Information that
raises potential safety issues is indicated by warning symbol (▲). Refer to the
following safety messages before performing an operation preceded by this
symbol.
Caution
External load resistance includes the safety barrier resistance for intrinsic safety
device.

PAS
PAS K1710522 page 19
5.3 Warning
▲Warning
Explosion can result in death or serious injury (see chapters 4.10 and 6 for type
approvals and installation precautions):
Do not remove the tr
ansmitter covers in explosion environments when the
circuit is alive.

Transmitter covers must be fully engaged to meet explosion proof
requirements.
▲Warning
Electrical can result in death serious injury:
Avoid contact with the leads and terminals. Hig
h voltage that may be present on
leads can cause electrical shock.
▲Warning
Electrical can result in death serious injury:

Only qualified & trained personnel should be allowed to operate these
transmitters
5.4 Fail Mode Alarm
KOBOLD Smart Pressure Transmitter automatically and continuously performs
self-diagnostic routines. If the self-diagnostic routines detect a failure, the
transmitter drives its output outside of the normal saturation values. The
transmitter will drive its output low (down) or high (up) based on the position of
the failure mode alarm jumper. See Table 5.1 for Output values.
[Table 5-1 Standard Alarm and Saturation Value]
Fail Mode Selection (Fail High/UP or Low/DOWN) can be configured using the
appropriate jumper switch provided on the LCD Module or DIP switches included
on the Main CPU Module. For units provided with a LCD module one can select
desired fail safe mode directly from the jumper switch included in the front display
and this setting overrides the DIP settings on the back-end Main CPU module.
However, in case of blind units please select your required DIP switch settings
from the DIP switch labelled (2) marked on the Main CPU board. Recommended
jumper & DIP settings are listed in the table below for ready reference.
Level
4~20 mA Saturation
4~20 mA Alarm
Low/Down
3.9 mA
≤ 3.75 mA
High/Up
20.8 mA
≥ 21.75 mA

PAS
page 20 PAS K17/1022
Select Fail
Mode
Both LCD Module and CPU Module
Only CPU Module
CPU Module
LCD Module
CPU Module
FailDown
Down
D
D
Fail Up
Down
U
U
Up
U or D
< Fail Mode Selection DIP Switch of CPU Module >
1. WR_EN (EEPROM Write Enable)
DOWN : ENABLE CONFIGURATION CHANGES
UP : DISABLE / LOCK CONFIGURATION CHANGES
2. Fail Mode(Alarm)
DOWN : LOW
UP : HIGH
Figure 5-1 Fail Mode and EEPROM-Write Selection Jumper Switch
Note: DIP Switch (1) shown on Left in Fig 5-1 is for Write Enable/
Disable selection. DIP switch (2) shown on right in Fig 5-1 is for
Fail Mode.
< Fail Mode Selection Jumper Switch of LCD Module >
U
O
O
O
O
O
O
D
O
O
O
D
(If Down)
FAIL MODE
(If Up)
Figure 5-2 Fail Mode Selection Jumper Switch of LCD Module
UP
DOWN