Leica TPS400 Series User manual

Leica TPS400 Series
User Manual
Version 5.0
English

2
TPS400-5.0.1en
Electronical Total Station
Congratulations on your purchase of a new
Leica Geosystems Total Station.
This manual contains important safety
directions as well as instructions for
setting up the product and operating it.
Refer to "Safety Directions" for further
information.
Read carefully through the User Manual
before you switch on the product.
Product identification
The model and the serial number of your product is
indicated on the type plate.
Enter the model and the serial number in your
manual and always refer to this information when
you need to contact your agency or Leica Geosys-
tems authorized service workshop.
Type: ____________ Serial no.: ____________
Symbols used in this manual
The symbols used in this User Manual have the
following meanings:
DANGER
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious
injury.
WARNING
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation
or an unintended use which, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation
or an unintended use which, if not avoided, may
result in minor or moderate injury and / or appre-
ciable material, financial and environmental
damage.
)Important paragraphs which must be
adhered to in practice as they enable the product to
be used in a technically correct and efficient manner.

3TPS400-5.0.1en
Trademarks
• Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft
Corporation
All other trademarks are the property of their respec-
tive owners.

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TPS400-5.0.1en
Validity of this manual
Description
General This manual applies to all TPS400 Series instruments. Where there are differences between
the various models they are clearly described.
Telescope • When measuring distances to a reflector with EDM mode "IR" this telescope type uses
a wide visible red laser beam, which emerges coaxially from the telescope's objective.
• Instruments that are equipped with a reflectorless EDM additionally offer the EDM
modes "RL" and "RL-Prism". When using these EDM modes a narrow visible red laser
beam is used to measure distances.

5
Contents - Overview TPS400-5.0.1en
Contents - Overview
Contents - Overview........................... 5
Contents.............................................. 6
Introduction ........................................ 9
Operating the product...................... 18
Measuring Preparation / Setting up 26
FNC Key ............................................ 43
Programs........................................... 50
Settings ............................................. 93
EDM Settings .................................... 98
File Management ............................ 103
Start-up sequence .......................... 106
Calibrations..................................... 107
COMM Parameters ......................... 111
Data Transfer .................................. 112
System Info ..................................... 113
Instrument Protection with PIN ..... 114
Care and Storage ............................ 115
Safety Directions ............................ 122
Technical Data ................................ 143
International Limited Warranty,
Software License Agreement ........ 153
Index ................................................ 155

6Contents
TPS400-5.0.1en
Contents
Introduction .................................................... 9
Special features............................................. 10
Important parts............................................... 11
Technical terms and abbreviations ............ 12
Area of applicability....................................... 15
PC Program Package
Leica Geo Office Tools (LGO-Tools) ......... 15
Installation on the PC ..................................... 15
Program content............................................. 15
Power Supply................................................. 17
Operating the product ............................. 18
Keypad ............................................................ 18
Fixed keys ...................................................... 19
Trigger key...................................................... 19
Selection of Language.................................. 19
Distance measurement ................................ 20
Softkeys .......................................................... 23
Symbols .......................................................... 24
Status symbol "EDM type" ............................. 24
Status symbol "Battery capacity" ................... 24
Status symbol "Compensator" ....................... 24
Status symbol "Offset" ................................... 24
Menu tree........................................................ 25
Measuring Preparation / Setting up.. 26
Unpacking....................................................... 26
Inserting / Replacing Battery ....................... 27
External power supply for total
station.............................................................. 29
Setting up the tripod...................................... 30
Instrument Setup........................................... 31
Levelling up with the electronic level
step-by-step ................................................... 33
Laser intensity................................................ 34
Hints for positioning ...................................... 34
Input mode - method 1 ................................. 35
Input mode - method 2 ................................. 35
Edit mode........................................................ 36
Erasing characters ......................................... 36
Inserting characters........................................ 37
Numerical and Alphanumerical input......... 38
Pointsearch .................................................... 40
Wildcard search............................................. 41
Measuring....................................................... 42

7
Contents TPS400-5.0.1en
FNC Key.......................................................... 43
Light On /Off................................................... 43
Level/Plummet ............................................... 43
IR/ RL Toggle................................................. 43
Laser Pointer.................................................. 43
Free-Coding ................................................... 43
Units................................................................. 43
Delete Last Record ....................................... 44
Lock with PIN ................................................. 44
Target Offset .................................................. 44
Height Transfer.............................................. 47
Hidden Point................................................... 48
Programs ....................................................... 50
Application pre-settings................................ 50
Setting job ...................................................... 50
Setting Station................................................ 51
Orientation...................................................... 52
Applications.................................................... 56
Introduction .................................................... 56
Surveying ....................................................... 57
Stake out ........................................................ 58
Free Station.................................................... 60
Reference Line............................................... 67
Tie Distance ................................................... 73
Area & Volume ............................................... 76
Remote Height ............................................... 79
Construction ................................................... 80
COGO (optional) ............................................ 82
Reference Plane (optional) ............................ 88
Coding............................................................. 91
Settings........................................................... 93
EDM Settings ............................................... 98
File Management...................................... 103
Start-up sequence................................... 106
Calibrations ................................................ 107
Line-of-sight error (Hz-collimation)........... 108
V-Index (Vertical index error) .................... 108
COMM Parameters .................................. 111
Data Transfer ............................................. 112
System Info................................................. 113
Instrument Protection with PIN......... 114
Care and Storage..................................... 115
Transport ...................................................... 115
In the field..................................................... 115
Inside vehicle ............................................... 116

8Contents
TPS400-5.0.1en
Shipping ....................................................... 116
Storage.......................................................... 116
Batteries ....................................................... 117
Cleaning ....................................................... 118
Checking and adjusting.............................. 119
Tripod ........................................................... 119
Circular level ................................................ 119
Circular level on the tribrach ........................ 120
Laser plummet ............................................. 120
Safety Directions...................................... 122
Intended Use................................................ 122
Permitted use ............................................... 122
Adverse use ................................................. 122
Limits of Use ................................................ 123
Responsibilities............................................ 124
Hazards of Use............................................ 125
Laser classification...................................... 129
General ........................................................ 129
Distancer, Measurements with Reflectors
(IR mode) ..................................................... 129
Distancer, Measurements without Reflectors
(RL mode) .................................................... 132
Electronic Guide Light EGL.......................... 136
Laser plummet ............................................. 137
Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC ........ 139
FCC Statement (Applicable in U.S.) ........ 141
Technical Data........................................... 143
Atmospheric correction .............................. 149
Reduction formulae ...................................... 151
International Limited Warranty,
Software License Agreement............. 153
International Limited Warranty.................. 153
Software License Agreement.................... 153
Index............................................................... 155

9
Introduction TPS400-5.0.1en
Introduction
The Leica Geosystems TPS400 is a high-quality
electronic total station.
Its innovative technology makes the daily surveying
jobs easier.
The instrument is ideally suited for simple construc-
tion surveys and setting out tasks.
The easy operation of the instrument functions can
be learned without problems in no time.

10 Introduction
TPS400-5.0.1en
Special features
• Easy and quickly to learn !
• Interactive keys; with large and clear LCD.
• Small, light-weight and easy-to-use.
• Measurements without reflector with the inte-
grated visible laser beam (TCR instruments).
• Additional trigger key on side cover.
• Continuous drives for horizontal and vertical
angles (tangent screws).
• With laser plummet as standard.

11
Introduction TPS400-5.0.1en
Important parts
1) Optical sight
2) Integrated guide light EGL (optional)
3) Vertical drive
4) Battery
5) Battery stand for GEB111
6) Battery cover
7) Eyepiece; focussing graticule
8) Focussing telescope image
9) Detachable carrying handle with mounting
screws
10) Serial interface RS232
11) Foot screw
12) Objective with integrated Electronic Distance
Measurement (EDM); Beam exit
13) Display
14) Keyboard
15) Circular level
16) On/Off key
17) Trigger key
18) Horizontal drive
Instrument with EGL Instrument without EGL

12 Introduction
TPS400-5.0.1en
Technical terms and abbreviations
ZA = Line of sight / collimation axis
Telescope axis = line from the reticle to the centre of
the objective.
SA = Standing axis
Vertical rotation axis of the telescope.
KA = Tilting axis
Horizontal rotation axis of the telescope (Trunion
axis).
V = Vertical angle / zenith angle
VK = Vertical circle
With coded circular division for reading the V-angle.
Hz = Horizontal direction
HK = Horizontal circle
With coded circular division for reading the Hz-
angle.

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Introduction TPS400-5.0.1en
Standing axis inclination
Angle between plumb line and
standing axis. Standing axis tilt is
not an instrument error and is not
eliminated by measuring in both
faces. Any possible influence it may
have on the Hz-direction resp. V-
angle is eliminate by the dual axis
compensator.
Line-of-sight error (Hz-collima-
tion)
The line-of-sight error is the devia-
tion from the perpendicular
between tilting axis and line-of-
sight. This could be eliminated by
measuring in both faces.
V-Index (Vertical index error)
With horizontal line-of-sight the V-
circle reading should be exactly
90°(100gon). The deviation from
this values is termed V-index (i).
Plumb line / Compensator
Direction of gravity. The compen-
sator defines the plumb line within
the instrument.
Zenith
Point on the plumb line above the
observer.
Reticle
Glass plate within the telescope
with reticle.

14 Introduction
TPS400-5.0.1en
Indicated meteorological corrected slope
distance between instrument tilting axis and
centre of prism/laser spot (TCR).
Indicated meteorological corrected hori-
zontal distance.
Height difference between station and
target point.
hr Reflector height above ground
hi Instrument height above ground
E0 Station coordinate (Easting)
N0 Station coordinate (Northing)
H0 Station height
E Easting of target point
N Northing of target point
H Height of target point

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Introduction TPS400-5.0.1en
Area of applicability
This User Manual is valid for all instruments of the
TPS400 Series.
PC Program Package
Leica Geo Office Tools (LGO-Tools)
The program package LGO-Tools is used for the
data exchange between the Total Station and the
PC. It contains several auxiliary programs in order to
support your use of the instrument.
Installation on the PC
The installation program can be found on the CD-
ROM supplied. Please note that LGO-Tools can
only be installed on computers with MS Windows
2000, XP and Vista operating systems.
)Any previous versions of LGO-Tools on
your computer must be uninstalled first before
installing the new version.
For the installation call program "setup.exe" in the
directory \LGO-Tools on the CD-ROM and follow
the input instructions of the installation program.
Program content
After successful installation the following programs
appear:
Tools
•Data Exchange Manager
For data exchange of coordinates, measure-
ments, codelists and output formats between
instrument and PC.
•Coordinate Editor
Import/Export as well as creating and
processing of coordinate files.
•Codelist Manager
For creating and processing of codelists.
•Software Upload
For loading system software and EDM-software.
)For EDM Software upload only LGO/LGO-
Tools Software Version 3.0 or higher must be used
for error free operation.

16 Introduction
TPS400-5.0.1en
Not using the correct upload Software can
permanently damage the instrument.
)Before the Software Upload, always insert a
charged battery into the instrument.
•Format Manager
For creating of own, special formatted data
output files.
•Configuration Manager
Import/Export as well as creating of instrument
configuration.
)For more information about LGO-Tools refer
to the comprehensive Online Help.

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Introduction TPS400-5.0.1en
Power Supply
Use the Leica Geosystems batteries, chargers and
accessories or accessories recommended by Leica
Geosystems to ensure the correct functionality of
the instrument.
Power for the instrument can be supplied either
internally or externally. An external battery is
connected to the instrument using a LEMO cable.
•Internal battery:
One GEB111 or 121 battery fit in the battery
compartment.
•External battery:
One GEB171 battery connected via cable.
1 GEB121
2 GEB111
3 Single cells in the battery adapter GAD39
Your Leica Geosystems instrument is powered by
rechargeable plug-in batteries. For this product, we
recommend the basic battery (GEB111) or the Pro
battery (GEB121). Optionally six single cells can be
used with the GAD39 battery adapter.
Six single cell batteries (1.5 V each) supply 9 Volts.
The voltmeter on the instrument is designed for a
voltage of 6 Volts (GEB111/ GEB121).
)The battery charge is not displayed correctly
when using single cells. Use the single cells with the
battery adapter as emergency power supply. The
advantage of the single cells is in a lower rate of
discharge even over long periods.

18 Operating the Instrument
TPS400-5.0.1en
Operating the Instrument
The On / Off key is located on the side cover of the
TPS400.
)All shown displays are examples. It is
possible that local software versions are different to
the basic version.
Keypad
1) Focus
Actively measured field.
2) Symbols
3) Fixed keys
Keys with firmly assigned functions.
4) Navigation keys
Control of input bar in edit and input mode or
control of focus bar.
5) Function keys
Are assigned the variable functions displayed at
the bottom of the screen.
6) Softkey bar
Displays functions that can be called up with the
function keys.

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Operating the Instrument TPS400-5.0.1en
Fixed keys
[PAGE] Scrolls to next page when a dialogue
consists of several pages.
[MENU] Accesses programs, settings, the data
manager, adjustments, communica-
tions parameters, system information
and data transfer.
[USER] Key, programmable with function from
the FNC menu.
[FNC] Quick-access to measurement-
supporting functions.
[ESC] Quit a dialog or the edit mode with acti-
vation of the "previous" value. Return to
next higher level.
Confirm an input; continue to the next
field.
Trigger key
The measurement trigger has three settings (ALL,
DIST, OFF).
The key can be activated in the configuration menu.
Selection of Language
After switching on the instrument the user is able to
choose his preferred language.
The dialog to choose the language is only shown if
two languages are loaded onto the instrument and
Lang.choice: On is set in Settings dialog.
To load an additional language connect the instru-
ment to LGO Tools Version 4.0 or higher via the
serial interface and load using "LGO Tools - Soft-
ware Upload".

20 Operating the Instrument
TPS400-5.0.1en
Distance measurement
A laser distancer (EDM) is incorporated into the
instruments of the TPS400 series.
In all versions, the distance can be determined by
using a laser beam which emerges coaxially from
the telescope objective.
)Measurements to strongly reflecting
targets such as to traffic lights in Reflector EDM
mode without prism should be avoided. The
measured distances may be wrong or inaccu-
rate.
For applications without reflector, a special arrange-
ment of the EDM, and appropriate arrangement of
the beam paths, enable ranges of over five kilome-
tres to be attained with standard prisms.
Miniprisms, 360° reflectors and reflector tapes can
also be used, and measurement is also possible
without a reflector.
)When a distance measurement is trig-
gered, the EDM measures to the object which is
in the beam path at that moment.
If e.g. people, cars, animals, swaying branches, etc.
cross the laser beam while a measurement is being
taken, a fraction of the laser beam is reflected and
may lead to incorrect distance values.
Avoid interrupting the measuring beam while taking
reflectorless measurements or measurements using
reflective foils. Measurements to prism reflectors are
only critical if an object crosses the measuring beam
at a distance of 0 to 30m and the distance to be
measured is more than 300m.
In practice, because the measuring time is very
short, the user can always find a way of avoiding
these critical situations.
)Very short distances may be measured
reflectorless in IR mode to well reflecting targets.
Note that the distances are corrected with the addi-
tive constant defined for the active reflector.