NXP Semiconductors FRDM-KW24D512 User manual

NXP Semiconductors
User’s Guide
1 Introduction
This manual describes the development platform,
FRDM-KW24D512. It has a diverse reference design with
all necessary I/O connections to use as a self-contained
platform or for connection to an external application.
The MKW24D512 is a 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and
Medical (ISM) single-chip device intended for the IEEE®
Std. 802.15.4, including Thread, ZigBee®Pro stack, ZigBee
RF4CE standards, and IPv6/6loWPAN protocols.
The FRDM-KW24D512 contains the MKW24D512
transceiver that is typically combined with a software stack
to implement an IEEE Std. 802.15.4 platform solutions.
1.1 Audience
This document is intended for system designers.
2 Safety Information
2.1 FCC guidelines
This equipment is used by developers for evaluation
purposes only and must not be incorporated into any other
Document Number: FRDMKW24DUG
Rev. 1, 05/2016
Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1.Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.1.FCC guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.2.Regulatory approval for Canada (IC RSS 210) . . . 2
2.3.Electrostatic discharge considerations . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.4.Disposal instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. FRDM-KW24D512 Overview and Description . . . . . 3
3.1.Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.2.Platform features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.3.Software and driver considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4. FRDM-KW24D512 Development Platform . . . . . . . 6
4.1.FRDM-KW24D512 platform overview . . . . . . . . 6
4.2.Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.3.Schematic, platform layout, and bill of material . 17
5. PCB Manufacturing Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.1.Single PCB construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.2.Panelization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.3.Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.4.Solder mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.5.Silk screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.6.Electrical PCB testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.7.Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.8.Hole specification/tool table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.9.File description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6. Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
FRDM-KW24D512 Freedom
Development Platform User’s Guide

Freedom Development Board FRDM-KW24D512 User’s Guide, Rev. 1, 05/2016
2NXP Semiconductors
Safety Information
devices or systems. Integrators are responsible for reevaluating the end product (including the transmitter)
and obtaining a separate FCC authorization.
FCC approval of this device only covers the original configuration of this device as supplied. Any
modifications to this product, including changes shown in this document, may violate the rules of the
Federal Communications Commission and Industry Canada and make operation of the product unlawful.
2.1.1 Labeling
FCC labels are physically located on the back of the platform.
2.1.2 Operating conditions
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
• This device may not cause harmful interference.
• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
2.1.3 Exposure limits
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.
The antenna(s) used for this equipment must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 8
inches (20 cm) from all persons.
2.1.4 Antenna restrictions
An intentional radiator is designed to ensure that no antenna other than that furnished by the responsible
party is used with the device. The use of a permanently attached antenna or of an antenna that uses a unique
coupling to the intentional radiator is considered sufficient to comply with the provisions of this Section.
The manufacturer may design the unit so that a broken antenna can be replaced by the user, but the use of
a standard antenna jack or electrical connector is prohibited. This requirement does not apply to carrier
current devices or to devices operated under the provisions of Sections 15.211, 15.213, 15.217, 15.219, or
15.221 of the IEEE Std. 802.15.4. In addition, this requirement does not apply to intentional radiators that
must be professionally installed, such as perimeter protection systems and some field disturbance sensors,
or to other intentional radiators which, in accordance with Section 15.31(d) of the IEEE Std. 802.15.4,
must be measured at the installation site. However, the installer is responsible for ensuring that the proper
antenna is employed so that the limits in this Part are not exceeded.
2.2 Regulatory approval for Canada (IC RSS 210)
This equipment complies with Industry Canada licence-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to
the following two conditions:
• This platform may not cause interference.
• This platform must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired
operation of the device.

Freedom Development Board FRDM-KW24D512 User’s Guide, Rev. 1, 05/2016
NXP Semiconductors 3
FRDM-KW24D512 Overview and Description
2.2.1 26 PART 5 – Appendix
Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de
licence. L'exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes:
1. l'appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et
2. l'utilisateur de l'appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage
est susceptible d'en compromettre le fonctionnement.
2.3 Electrostatic discharge considerations
Although damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD) is much less common on these devices than on early
CMOS circuits, normal handling precautions should be used to avoid exposure to static discharge.
Qualification tests are performed to ensure that these devices can withstand exposure to reasonable levels
of static without suffering any permanent damage.
All ESD testing is in conformity with the JESD22 Stress Test Qualification for Commercial Grade
Integrated Circuits. During the device qualification, ESD stresses are performed for the human body model
(HBM), the machine model (MM), and the charge device model (CDM).
All latch-up tests are in conformity with the JESD78 IC Latch-Up Test.
When operating or handling the development platforms or components, it is strongly recommended to use
at least the grounding wrist straps plus any, or all, of the following ESD dissipation methods:
• Flexible fabric, solid fixed size, or disposable ESD wrist straps
• Static control workstations, static control monitors, and table or floor static control systems
• Static control packaging and transportation materials and environmental systems
2.4 Disposal instructions
The NXP development platforms must be disposed of in compliance with current local waste disposal
regulations. Appliances disposal should be done by a qualified company.
3 FRDM-KW24D512 Overview and Description
3.1 Introduction
The FRDM-KW24D512 development platform is an evaluation environment based on the NXP
MKW24D512 transceiver (MKW24).
The MKW24D512 device incorporates a complete low power IEEE Std. 802.15.4 2.4 GHz radio
frequency transceiver and a Kinetis family low-power, mixed-signal ARM®Cortex®-M4 MCU into a
single package.
NXP supplements the MKW24D512 with tools and software that include hardware evaluation and
development platforms, software development IDE, and applications, drivers, custom PHY usable with the
NXP IEEE Std. 802.15.4 compatible MAC.

Freedom Development Board FRDM-KW24D512 User’s Guide, Rev. 1, 05/2016
4NXP Semiconductors
FRDM-KW24D512 Overview and Description
The FRDM-KW24D512 development platform contains the MKW24D512 device with 32 MHz reference
oscillator crystal, RF circuitry including antenna, 16 Mbit external serial flash, and supporting circuitry in
the popular Freedom form factor. The platform is standalone and supports application development with
NXP IEEE Std. 802.15.4 protocol stacks and supports full-speed USB 2.0.
3.2 Platform features
3.2.1 FRDM-KW24D512 platform
The FRDM-KW24D512 development platform is part of the Freedom development (FRDM) platform. It
has a diverse reference design containing the MKW24D512 device and all necessary I/O connections to
use as a self-contained platform or for connection to an external application, and also has the capability to
connect with the Freedom development platforms.
Figure 1 shows the FRDM-KW24D512 development platform.
Figure 1. FRDM-KW24D512 development platform
The FRDM-KW24D512 development platform includes the following features:
• The low-power Kinetis MKW24D512 transceiver
• Full IEEE Std. 802.15.4-compliant wireless node; ZigBee and Thread capable
• Reference design area with small footprint, low-cost RF node
— RF circuitry includes a Balun to convert the differential input/output pin of the MKW24D512
transciever to single-ended for onboard signal routing
— Low off-chip component count

Freedom Development Board FRDM-KW24D512 User’s Guide, Rev. 1, 05/2016
NXP Semiconductors 5
FRDM-KW24D512 Overview and Description
— Programmable output power from -35 dBm to +8 dBm at the SMA connector, no trap
— Receiver sensitivity: -102 dBm, typical (@1% PER for 20 byte payload packet)
• Integrated PCB inverted F-type antenna and SMA RF port
• Selectable power sources
• 32 MHz reference oscillator
• 32 kHz clock oscillator
• 2.4 GHz frequency operation (ISM Band)
• External serial flash for over-the-air programming (OTAP) support
• Integrated open-standard serial and debug interface (OpenSDA)
• Cortex 10-pin (0.05 inches) SWD debug port for target MCU
• Cortex 10-pin (0.05 inches) JTAG port for OpenSDA updates
• 1 RGB LED indicator
• 1 Blue LED indicator
• 4 Push button switches
• FXOS8700 Combo Sensor
Figure 2 shows the main platform features and I/O headers for the FRDM-KW24D512 platform.
Figure 2. FRDM-KW24D512 components and I/O headers

Freedom Development Board FRDM-KW24D512 User’s Guide, Rev. 1, 05/2016
6NXP Semiconductors
FRDM-KW24D512 Development Platform
3.3 Software and driver considerations
The FRDM-KW24D512 platform includes an OpenSDAv2.1, a serial and debug adapter circuit that
includes an open-source bootloader, and debug interface software. It bridges serial and debug
communications between a USB host and an embedded target processor. The hardware circuit is based on
the Kinetis K20 family.
For additional information about our 2.4 GHz Kinetis family platforms, see the following:
• Wireless on nxp.com
• Kinetis KW2xD on nxp.com
4 FRDM-KW24D512 Development Platform
4.1 FRDM-KW24D512 platform overview
The FRDM-KW24D512 is an evaluation platform based on the MKW24D512 transceiver. The
FRDM-KW24D512 platform provides a platform to evaluate the MKW24D512 transceiver, develop
software and applications. The core device is accompanied by a 32 MHz reference oscillator crystal, RF
circuitry including antenna, and supporting circuitry.
The FRDM-KW24D512 platform is intended as the core PCB for MKW24D512 transceiver evaluation
and application development, and can be used in the following modes:
• Simple standalone evaluation platform
• Daughter card to other development platforms (Freedom development platform)
• Mother card to an application-specific daughter card, such as a shield card
4.1.1 PCB features
The FRDM-KW24D512 platform provides the following features:
• The Freedom development platform form factor
• 4-Layer metal, 0.062 inch thick FR4 platform
• LGA footprint and power supply bypass
• Printed metal F-Antenna and footprint for installing a (user supplied) SMA connector
• 32 MHz reference oscillator crystal
• 32.768 kHz crystal provided for optional timing oscillator
• Standard FRDM card mounting interface
• External serial flash for OTAP support
• Combo sensor, 6-axis sensor with integrated linear accelerometer and magnetometer
4.1.2 Form factor
Figure 3 shows the FRDM-KW24D512 platform’s connector and header locations.

Freedom Development Board FRDM-KW24D512 User’s Guide, Rev. 1, 05/2016
NXP Semiconductors 7
FRDM-KW24D512 Development Platform
Figure 3. FRDM-KW24D512 platform’s connector and header location
Figure 4 shows a footprint of the FRDM-KW24D512 platform with the location of the I/O headers. The
parameters of these headers are as follows:
• J1, J2, J3 and J4:
— Headers have standard 0.1 inch / 2.54 mm pin spacing
— J1 and J3 are 16-pin
— J2 is 20-pin
— J4 is 12-pin
— Pin headers are mounted on the top side of the FRDM-KW24D512 and are intended to plug
into matching receptacles on the Freedom Platform
• J36, J37, J38, J39, J41, and J42:
— Headers have standard 0.1 in / 2.54 mm pin spacing
— All headers are 2x2 pin
— J41 and J42 are adjacent to allow UART0 data direction to be reversed by altering the
orientation of the shunt
— J38 and J39 are adjacent to allow SPI0 data direction to be reversed by altering the orientation
of the shunt
— J36 and J37 are adjacent to allow UART1 data direction to be reversed by altering the
orientation of the shunt

Freedom Development Board FRDM-KW24D512 User’s Guide, Rev. 1, 05/2016
8NXP Semiconductors
FRDM-KW24D512 Development Platform
Figure 4. FRDM-KW24D512 platform top side (component side) footprint
4.1.3 Platform level specifications
Table 1. FRDM-KW24D512 platform specifications
Parameter Min Typ Max Units Notes/Conditions
General
Size (PCB: X, Y) — — 81.2 x 53.3
3.20 x 2.10
mm
inches
—
Layer build (PCB) — 1.57
0.062
—mm
inches
4-Layer
Dielectric material (PCB) — — — — FR4
Power
Current consumption — — —mA Varies with operational mode, see
datasheet.
Temperature
Operating temperature (see note) -40 +25 +70 °C Operating temperature is limited to +70 °C
due to switches. Basic circuit is good for a
maximum temperature of +85 °C.
Storage temperature -30 +25 +70 °C —

Freedom Development Board FRDM-KW24D512 User’s Guide, Rev. 1, 05/2016
NXP Semiconductors 9
FRDM-KW24D512 Development Platform
4.2 Functional description
The FRDM-KW24D512 platform is built around the MKW24D512 transceiver in a 63-pin (56-pin usable)
LGA package. The MKW24D512 device features a IEEE Std. 802.15.4 radio frequency transceiver and a
Kinetis family low-power, mixed-signal ARM Cortex-M4 MCU in a single package. The
RF
IEEE 802.15.4 frequency range 2405 — 2480 MHz All 16 channels in the 2450 MHz band
Operation frequency 2360 — 2480 MHz —
RF Receiver
Saturation (maximum input level) — +0 — dBm See data sheet
Sensitivity for 1% packet error rate
(PER) (+25 °C) 802.15.4
— -102 — dBm See data sheet
RF Transmitter
RF Power Output -35 — +8 dBm Programmable in steps. At the antenna feed
with no harmonic trap. 1
2nd harmonic — 40 35 dBm See data sheet
3rd harmonic — 40 35 dBm See data sheet
Regulatory Approval
FCC — — — — Product is approved according to the FCC
part 15 standard
CE (ETSI) — — — — Product is approved according to the EN
300 328 V1.7.1 (2006-10) standard
CE (EMC) — — — — Product is approved according to the EN
301 489-1 V1.6.1 (2005-09) and EN 301
489-17 V1.2.1 (2002-08) standards
Safety
UL — — — — Product is approved according to the IEC
60950-1 and EN 60950-1, First Edition
standards
Environment
RoHS — — — — Product complies with the EU Directive
2002/95/EC of 27 January 2003
WEEE — — — — Product complies with the EU Directive
2002/95/EC of 27 January 2003
1Harmonic trap adds 1 to 2 dB of loss.
Table 1. FRDM-KW24D512 platform specifications (continued)
Parameter Min Typ Max Units Notes/Conditions

Freedom Development Board FRDM-KW24D512 User’s Guide, Rev. 1, 05/2016
10 NXP Semiconductors
FRDM-KW24D512 Development Platform
FRDM-KW24D512 platform is intended as an evaluation platform and as a building block for application
development. The four-layer platform provides the MKW24D512 transceiver with the required RF
circuitry, 32 MHz reference oscillator crystal, and power supply bypassing. The layout for this base level
functionality can be used as a reference layout for your target platform. Figure 5 shows a simple block
diagram.
Figure 5. FRDM-KW24D512 block diagram
4.2.1 RF performance and considerations
The FRDM-KW24D512 development platform includes a 1 mW nominal output PA with internal voltage
controlled oscillator (VCO), integrated transmit/receive switch, onboard power supply regulation, and full
spread-spectrum encoding and decoding. Key specifications for the MKW24D512 transceiver are:
• Programmable output power from -35 dBm to +8 dBm at the SMA, no trap.
• Typical sensitivity is -102 dBm (@1% PER for 20 byte payload packet).
• Frequency range is 2360 to 2480 MHz.
• Differential bidirectional RF input/output port with integrated transmit/receive switch.
• “F” printed metal antenna for a small footprint, low cost design.
• Platform features a low component count RF matching network with off-chip 1:1 Balun.
The layout has provision for out-of-band signal suppression (components L5 and C19) if required.
Figure 6 shows the typical topology for the RF circuitry. A footprint is available to install the RF connector
J48 for measurement purposes. When using J48, install C17 and remove C18.