Sharp MZ-80A User manual

MACHINES SUPPLIED
IN THE
U.K.
AND
REPUBLIC
OF
IRELAND
HAVE
48K
BYTE
RAM
FITTED
AS
STANDARD

Personal
Computer
MZ-80A
Owner’s
Manual
080311-250182
C
SHARP
CORPORATION

NOTICE
This
apparatus
complies
with
requirements
of
EEC
directive
76/889/EEC.
This
manual
is
applicable
to
the
SA-5510
BASIC
interpreter
used
with
the
SHARP
MZ-
80A
Personal
Computer.
The
MZ-80A
general-purpose
personal
computer
is
supported
by
system
software
which
is
filed
in
software
packs
(cassette
tapes
or
diskettes).
All
system
software
is
subject
to
revision
without
prior
notice,
therefore,
you
are
requested
to
pay
special
attention
to
file
version
numbers.
This
manual
has
been
carefully
prepared
and
checked
for
completeness,
accuracy
and
clarity.
However,
in
the
event
that
you
should
notice
any
errors
or
ambiguities,
please
feel
free
to contact
your
local
Sharp
representative
for
clarification.
All
system
software
packs
provided
for
the
MZ-80A
are
original
products,
and
all
rights
are
reserved.
No
portion
of
any
system
software
pack
may
be
copied
without
approval
of
the
Sharp
Corporation.
a

Preface
This manual describes
the
Sharp
MZ-80A
personal
computer.
Read this manual
thoroughly
to
become
familiar
with the
operating
procedures,
BASIC
language
and
precautions.
This manual
des¬
cribes
the
MZ-80A
and
associated
software.
Chapter
1
describes the
features
of
the
MZ-80A,
general operating
procedures-read
these
sections
first,
and
language
specifications
and
summary
of
the
standard
system
software
BASIC
interpreter
SA-
5510.
BASIC
(an
abbreviation
for
“Beginner’s
All-purpose
Symbolic
Instruction
Code”)
was
devel¬
oped
as
an
all
purpose
language
to
provide
beginners
with
a
means
of
easily programming
computers
to
solve
a
diverse
range
of
problems.
Its
simplicity
and
versatility
make
it
well suited
to
personal
pro¬
gramming
applications.
BASIC
SA-5510
is
an
extended
BASIC
interpreter
which
enables
the
MZ-80A
computer
to
be used
to
its
fullest
capacity.
Chapter
2
describes
command
and
subroutines
of
the
MONITOR
SA-1510.
Chapter
3
describes
the hardware. This information
will
be
helpful
to
you
if
you
intend
to
expand
system.
iii

Precautions
The
MZ-80A
is
one
of
the
finest
personal
computers
in
the
world;
its
design
incorporates
all
the
technical
knowledge
accumulated
by
Sharp
in
its
many
years
of
experience
in
the electronics field.
All
units
are
thoroughly
inspected prior
to
shipment
so
that
each will
operate
normally
when
it
is
un¬
packed.
However,
be
sure
to
check
visually
for
any
damage
caused
during
transportation.
If
any
damage
is
found
or
any
parts
are
missing,
contact
your
dealer
immediately.
Observe
the
following guidelines
to
keep
your
set
in
optimum
operating
condition:
■
Do
not
place
the
MZ-80A
in
locations
where
the
temperature
is
extremely
high
or
low
or
where
it
varies
to
a
great
extent.
Avoid
exposing
the
unit
to
direct
sunlight,
vibration
or
dust.
■
Handle the
power
cable
carefully
to
prevent
it
from
being damaged.
When
removing
it
from
the
AC
outlet,
turn
the
power
off
first,
then
pull
the
plug
(do
not
pull
the
cable).
■
If
the
power
switch
is
turned
off
then
immediately
turned
on
again,
initialization
may
not
be
per¬
formed
correctly.
Allow
a
few
moments
after
turning
the
power
off
before
turning
it
on.
■
The
personal
computer
MZ-80A
contains
32K
byte
RAM
as
standard
equipment.
When
you
use
system
software
that
requires
the disk drive
access
(DISK
BASIC',
FDOS,
etc.),
it
is
necessary
to
expand
the
existing
RAM
area
to
48
K
bytes.
For
more
detailed
information,
see
Appendix
5.
-
IMPORTANT
-
For
users
in
the
United
Kingdom:
The wires
in
the
mains
lead
of
this
apparatus
are
coloured
in
accordance with the
following
code:
BLUE
:
Neutral
BROWN
:
Live
As
the
colours
of
the wires
in
the
mains
lead
of
this
apparatus
may
not
correspond
with the
coloured
markings
identifying
the terminals
in
your
plug,
proceed
as
follows:
■
The
wire which is coloured
BLUE
must
be connected
to
the terminal which is
marked
with
the letter
N
or
coloured
BLACK.
■
The
wire which is coloured
BROWN
must
be connected
to
the
terminal
which is
mark¬
ed with the letter
L
or
coloured
RED.
iv

Contents
Notice
ii
Preface
Hi
Precautions
.
iv
Chapter
1
Your
MZ-80A
and
BASIC
Programming
1
1.1
Profile
of
the
MZ-80
A
2
1.2
Operating
the
MZ-80
A
4
Top
view
and
rear
view
of
the
MZ-80A
4
1.2.1
Activating
the
BASIC
interpreter
SA-55
10
5
1
.2.2
Keyboard
6
1.3
Basic
operations
for
programming
9
What
is the
Direct
Mode?
.
12
The
Four
Arithmetic
Operations
13
String?
Expression?
14
What
are
the
PRINT’S
1st
and
2nd
Approaches?
15
Let
the
Computer
Run!
16
LIST
for
Quick
Understanding
17
Error
Puts
the
Computer
in
Confusion
18
Collect
the
Statewentÿi
19
Correct
the
Statement!
20
Further
Study
of
Comma
and
Semicolon
21
Colon
and
it’s
Use
22
Does
“A
=
B”
Equal
“B=A”?
23
Variables
the
Computer
is
Very
Fond
of
24
Computing
the
Earth
25
Archimedes and
the
Mysterious
Soldier
26
The
Function
Family
Members
27
Free
Definition
of
Function
....
DEF
FN
28
This
is
INPUT,
Answer
Please
29
Yes
or
No
in
Reply
to
a
Proposal?
.
.ÿ*
30
DATA
and
READ
go
hand
in
hand
31
Don’t
Oppose
GOTO
32
IF
____
THEN
.
33
v

IF
... .
THEN
and
its
Associates
34
Leave
Any
Decision
to
IF
35
Password
Found
for
Numbers
36
FOR
....
NEXT
is
an
Expert
of
Repetition
37
Loop
in
a
Loop
38
Line
up
in
Numerical
Order
39
How
many
Right
Triangles
are
Possible?
40
TAB
(
)
is
Versatile
41
Grand
Prix
using
RESTORE
42
Talkative
Strings
43
Another
type
of
INPUT
44
LEFTS,
MIDS.
RIGHTS
45
LEN
is
a
Measurement
for
Strings
46
ASC
and
CHRS
are
Relatives
47
STRS
and
VAL
are
Numeral
Converters
48
Print
out
as
£123,
456,
789
49
Difference
between
the
Simple
and
Compound
Interests
50
Annuity
if
Deposited
for
5
years
51
Subroutine
is
the
Ace
of
Programs
52
Stop,
Check
and
Continue
53
Jump
in
masse
Using
the
ON
....
GOTO
statement
54
ON
....
GOSUB
is
the
Use
of
a
Subroutine
Group
55
Primary
Array
has
the
Strength
of
100
Men
56
Array
is
also Available
for
String
Variables
57
Array
is the
Master
of
File
Generation
58
Challenge
of
French
Study
59
Secondary
Array
is
More
Powerful
60
What
about
the
Multiplication
Table?
61
Random
Number is the
One
Left
to
Chance
62
Make
a
Dice
using
the
RND
function
63
Quick
Change
into
a
Private
Mathematics Teacher
64
Probable
Calculations
for
Figure’s
Areas
65
Let’s
Make
Money
at
the
Casino
66
Let’s
Create
Exercises
using
the
RND
Function
67
SET
or
RESET?
68
Introduction
to
the
Principles
of
TV
69
Wild
Sketch
70
vi

The
Secret
of
an
Oval
Graph
71
GET
is
a
useful
Key
Input
72
Let’s
Have
a
Look
at
a
Position-Taking
Game
73
TIS
is
a
Digital
Clock
74
Time
for
a
Morning
Call
to
a
Friend
in
Tokyo?
75
Enjoyment
of
Music
76
“I
Change
Strings
to
Music”
said
Mr.
MZ-80A
77
Prelude,
Allegro
Amabile
78
Now
Make
a
Music
Library
79
I’ll
Get
Up
at
7 Tomorrow
Morning
80
Two
Exercises
81
Here’s
Advice
on
how
Lists
can
be
made
82
Cards
if
Dealt
by
a
Poker
Player
83
Program
Recording
(SAVE)
84
Use
of
VERIFY
and
LOAD
Commands
85
Data
can
also
be
Stored
on
Cassette
Tape
86
Technique
to
Memorize
a
Music
History
87
List
of
School
Work
Results
88
Music
Library
Kept
on
Tapes
89
Data
Bank
is
a
Computer’s
Speciality
90
Telephone
Number
List is
also
a
Data
Bank
91
SOS
in
Morse
Code
92
Signals
in
Dots
and
Dashes
93
Unending
“Time”
94
Miniature
Space
Dictionary
95
A
Solution
of
Simultaneous
equations
96
Find
1000
Prime
Numbers
100
701,
260
Hours
105
1.4
Reserved
word
106
1.5
List
of
BASIC SA-55
10
commands,
statements
and
functions
107
1.5.1
Commands
107
1.5.2
Assignment
statement
108
1.5.3
Input/output
statements
108
1.5.4
Loop
statement
...
109
1.5.5
Branch
statements
110
1.5.6
Definition
statements
110
1
.5.7
Comment
and control
statements
Ill
vii

1.5.8
Music control
statements
112
1.5.9
Graphic
control
statements
112
1.5.10
Cassette
data
file
input/output
statements
112
1
.5.1
1
Machine
language
control
statements
113
1.5.12
Printer control
statements
114
1.5.13
I/O
input/output
statements
114
1.5.14
Arithmetic
functions
114
1.5.15
String
control
functions
116
1.5.16
Tabulation
function
116
1.5.17
Arithmetic
operators
117
1.5.18
Logical
operators
117
1.5.19
Other
symbols
118
1.5.20
Error
message
table
120
1.6
How
to
obtain
copied
BASIC
tapes
122
Chapter
2
Monitor
Program
of
the
MZ-80A
123
2.1
MONITOR SA-1
5
10
Commands
and
Subroutines
124
2.1.1
Using
monitor commands
124
2.1.2
Monitor
subroutines
124
2.2
MONITOR
SA-1
5
10
Assembly
Listing
130
Chapter
3
Hardware
Configuration
of
the
MZ-80A
161
3.
1
The
MZ-80A
system
configuration
162
3.1.1
Memory
configurations
164
3.1.2
Key
scanning
system
167
3.2
The
MZ-80
A
circuit
diagram
169
3.3
Expansion equipments
176
3.4
Technical
Data
of
Z80
CPU
178
APPENDIX
209
A.
1
ASCII
Code
Table
210
A.2
Display
Code
Table
211
A.
3
Mnemonic
Codes
and
Corresponding
Object
Codes
212
A.4
Specifications
222
A.5
Caring
for
the
system
224
viii