YOKOGAWA AQ1200A User manual

User’s
Manual AQ1200A/AQ1200B/AQ1200C/
AQ1200E/AQ1205A/AQ1205E/
AQ1205F
OTDR Multi Field Tester
IM AQ1200-01EN
8th Edition

i
IM AQ1200-01EN
Thank you for purchasing the AQ1200A/AQ1200B/AQ1200C/AQ1200E/AQ1205A/AQ1205E/AQ1205F
OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) Multi Field Tester. This user’s manual explains the
features, operating procedures, and handling precautions of the AQ1200x/AQ1205x. To ensure correct
use, please read this manual thoroughly before operation. Keep this manual in a safe place for quick
reference in the event that a question arises. This manual is one of three AQ1200x/AQ1205x manuals.
Please read all the manuals.
List of Manuals
Manual Title Manual No. Description
AQ1200A/AQ1200B/AQ1200C/AQ1200E/
AQ1205A/AQ1205E/AQ1205F OTDR Multi Field
Tester Operation Guide
IM AQ1200-02EN This guide focuses on the handling
precautions, basic operations, and
specifications of the AQ1200x/AQ1205x.
AQ1200A/AQ1200B/AQ1200C/AQ1200E/
AQ1205A/AQ1205E/AQ1205F OTDR Multi Field
Tester User’s Manual (included in CD)
IM AQ1200-01EN This manual. Explains all AQ1200x/AQ1205x
features, except for the communication
features, and how to use them.
AQ1200A/AQ1200B/AQ1200C/AQ1200E/
AQ1205A/AQ1205E/AQ1205F OTDR Multi Field
Tester Communication Interface User’s Manual
(included in CD)
IM AQ1200-17EN Explains the features related to using
communication commands to control the
AQ1200x/AQ1205x.
Battery Pack (MFT) Handling Precautions IM 739882-01EN This document explains the handling
precautions of the battery pack.
AQ1200A/AQ1200B/AQ1200C/AQ1200E/
AQ1205A/AQ1205E/AQ1205F OTDR User’s
Manual
IM AQ1200-92Z1 A document for China.
The “-EN” in the manual number is the language code.
Contact information of Yokogawa offices worldwide is provided on the following sheet.
Document No. Description
PIM 113-01Z2 List of worldwide contacts
Notes
• Thecontentsofthismanualaresubjecttochangewithoutpriornoticeasaresultofcontinuing
improvements to the instrument’s performance and functionality. The figures given in this manual
may differ from those that actually appear on your screen.
• Everyefforthasbeenmadeinthepreparationofthismanualtoensuretheaccuracyofits
contents. However, should you have any questions or find any errors, please contact your nearest
YOKOGAWA dealer.
• Copyingorreproducingalloranypartofthecontentofthismanualwithoutthepermissionof
YOKOGAWA is strictly prohibited.
Trademarks
• Microsoft,Windows,WindowsXP,WindowsVistaWindows7,Windows8areeitherregistered
trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
• AdobeandAcrobataretrademarksofAdobeSystemsIncorporated.
• Inthismanual,theTMand®symbolsdonotaccompanytheirrespectiveregisteredtrademarkor
trademark names.
• Othercompanyandproductnamesareregisteredtrademarksortrademarksoftheirrespective
holders.
Revisions
1st Edition: February 2010 6th Edition: December 2015
2nd Edition: February 2011 7th Edition: July 2016
3rd Edition: July 2012 8th Edition: October 2017
4th Edition: July 2013
5th Edition: September 2015
8th Edition:October 2017 (YMI)
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2010, Yokogawa Electric Corporation
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2011, Yokogawa Test & Measurement Corporation

ii IM AQ1200-01EN
Conventions Used in This Manual
Notes
The notes and cautions in this manual are categorized using the following symbols.
Improper handling or use can lead to injury to the user or damage to the
instrument. This symbol appears on the instrument to indicate that the user must
refer to the user’s manual for special instructions. The same symbol appears
in the corresponding place in the user’s manual to identify those instructions.
Inthemanual,thesymbolisusedinconjunctionwiththeword“WARNING”or
“CAUTION.”
WARNING Callsattentiontoactionsorconditionsthatcouldcauseseriousorfatalinjuryto
the user, and precautions that can be taken to prevent such occurrences.
CAUTION Callsattentiontoactionsorconditionsthatcouldcauselightinjurytotheuser
or cause damage to the instrument or user’s data, and precautions that can be
taken to prevent such occurrences.
French
AVERTISSEMENT Attire l’attention sur des gestes ou des conditions susceptibles
de provoquer des blessures graves (voire mortelles), et sur les
précautions de sécurité pouvant prévenir de tels accidents.
ATTENTION Attire l’attention sur des gestes ou des conditions susceptibles de
provoquer des blessures légères ou d’endommager l’instrument ou les
données de l’utilisateur, et sur les précautions de sécurité susceptibles
de prévenir de tels accidents.
Note Calls attention to information that is important for proper operation of the
instrument.
Symbols and Conventions Used in Procedural Explanations
The contents of the procedural explanations are indicated using the following symbols.
Procedure Carry out the procedure according to the step numbers. All procedures are
written under the assumption that you are starting operation at the beginning
of the procedure, so you may not need to carry out all the steps in a procedure
when you are changing the settings.
Explanation This section describes the setup items and the limitations regarding the
procedures. It may not give a detailed explanation of the feature. For a detailed
explanation of the feature, see chapter 2.
Character Notations
Hard Key Names and Soft Key Names in Bold Characters
Indicate panel keys that are used in the procedure and soft keys and menu items that appear on the screen.
Unit
k Denotes 1000. Example: 12 kg, 100 kHz

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4.1, 4.2, 8.1, 8.2, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 13.1, 16.3, 20.8, 20.9, 20.10,
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Contents
Conventions Used in This Manual ....................................................................................................ii
Chapter 1 Features
1.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Optical Pulse Measurement ............................................................................................. 1-3
1.3 Waveform Display ............................................................................................................ 1-5
1.4 Waveform and Event Analysis.......................................................................................... 1-7
1.5 Light Source and Optical Power Meters (Options) ......................................................... 1-12
1.6 Loss Test (Option) .......................................................................................................... 1-14
1.7 Multi-Core Loss Test (Option)......................................................................................... 1-15
1.8 Fault Locator .................................................................................................................. 1-16
1.9 Checking Fiber End Faces ............................................................................................. 1-17
1.10 IP Test (Option)............................................................................................................... 1-18
1.11 Multi-Core Fiber Measurement....................................................................................... 1-19
1.12 Event Mapper ................................................................................................................. 1-20
1.13 Other Features ............................................................................................................... 1-21
Chapter 2 Common Operations
2.1 Top Screen ....................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Key, Rotary Knob, and Arrow Key Operations.................................................................. 2-5
2.3 Shortcut Keys ................................................................................................................... 2-8
2.4 Entering Strings.............................................................................................................. 2-10
Chapter 3 Optical Pulse Measurement and Analysis Conditions
3.1 Selecting the Measurement Mode.................................................................................... 3-1
Simple (Full Auto) Mode
3.2 Selecting the Wavelength................................................................................................. 3-3
3.3 Automatically Saving Measured Data .............................................................................. 3-4
3.4 Selecting the Approximation Method (Marker) ................................................................. 3-5
Detail Mode and Multi WL Mode
3.5 Setting Measurement Conditions ..................................................................................... 3-6
3.6 Setting Analysis Conditions ............................................................................................ 3-12
3.7 Setting the Pulse Light Output Level .............................................................................. 3-17
3.8 Giving Notifications When Installations Are Complete ................................................... 3-18
3.9 Selecting the Calculation Method for Total Loss and Total Return Loss......................... 3-20
3.10 Selecting the Label Display Method ............................................................................... 3-22
Chapter 4 Measuring Optical Pulses
4.1 Performing Real-time Measurement ................................................................................ 4-1
4.2 Performing Averaged Measurements............................................................................... 4-4
4.3 Displaying Snapshot Waveforms...................................................................................... 4-7
Chapter 5 Waveform Display
5.1 Waveform Display Screen ................................................................................................ 5-1
5.2 Zooming the Waveform Display Scale ............................................................................. 5-2
5.3 Moving the Waveform Display Position ............................................................................ 5-5

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4.1, 4.2, 8.1, 8.2, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 13.1, 16.3, 20.8, 20.9, 20.10,
Contents
5.4 Initializing the Waveform Display Scale............................................................................ 5-6
5.5 Setting the Waveform Information Display ....................................................................... 5-7
Chapter 6 Waveform Analysis
6.1 How to Operate the Cursor and Markers ......................................................................... 6-1
6.2 Measuring Distances........................................................................................................ 6-8
6.3 Moving the Distance Measurement Reference Point ....................................................... 6-9
6.4 Measuring the Splice Loss ............................................................................................. 6-10
6.5 Measuring the Return Loss .............................................................................................6-11
6.6 Displaying Multiple Traces.............................................................................................. 6-13
6.7 Combining Two Traces................................................................................................... 6-14
6.8 Displaying Differential Traces......................................................................................... 6-16
6.9 Analyzing Sections ......................................................................................................... 6-18
Chapter 7 Event Analysis
7.1 Displaying the Event Screen ............................................................................................ 7-1
7.2 Editing Events .................................................................................................................. 7-4
7.3 Editing the Event List........................................................................................................ 7-8
Chapter 8 Light Source (Option)
8.1 Producing Measurement Light ......................................................................................... 8-1
8.2 TurningOntheVisibleLight ............................................................................................. 8-4
Chapter 9 Optical Power Meter (Option)
9.1 Making Preparations for Measurements .......................................................................... 9-1
9.2 Setting Optical Power Measurement Conditions and Holding the Display....................... 9-2
9.3 LoggingMeasuredValuesandSavingLoggedResults................................................... 9-5
9.4 Selecting and Saving Core and Tape Numbers ............................................................. 9-10
Chapter 10 PON Power Meter (Option)
10.1 Making Preparations for Measurements ........................................................................ 10-1
10.2 Setting PON System Optical Power Measurement Conditions and Holding the Display10-2
10.3 Selecting and Saving Core and Tape Numbers ............................................................. 10-5
Chapter 11 Loss Testing (Option)
11.1 MakingPreparationsandAdjustmentsforLossTesting..................................................11-1
11.2 Performing an Auto Loss Test..........................................................................................11-3
11.3 Performing a Loop-Back Loss Test..................................................................................11-8
Chapter 12 Multi-Core Loss Testing (Option)
12.1 CreatingNewProjects.................................................................................................... 12-1
12.2 SharingProjects ............................................................................................................. 12-3
12.3 Performing a Multi-Core Loss Test ................................................................................. 12-6
12.4 OpticalPowerAdjustment .............................................................................................. 12-9
Chapter 13 Fault Locator
13.1 Locating Breaks (Faults) in Optical Fibers ..................................................................... 13-1
Chapter 14 Checking Fiber End Faces
14.1 UsingFiberInspectionProbestoViewtheStatusofOpticalFiberEndFaces.............. 14-1

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Chapter 15 IP Testing (Option)
15.1 Performing an IP Test ..................................................................................................... 15-1
Chapter 16 Multi-Core Fiber Measurement
16.1 CreatingaNewProject .................................................................................................. 16-1
16.2 LoadingaProject ........................................................................................................... 16-8
16.3 Measuring Multi-Core Fibers .......................................................................................... 16-9
Chapter 17 Event Mapper
17.1 Displaying Optical Fiber Events as Icons ....................................................................... 17-1
Chapter 18 File Operation and Printing
18.1 Connecting a USB Storage Medium to the USB Port .................................................... 18-1
18.2 Saving and Loading Data ............................................................................................... 18-2
18.3 Deleting and Copying Files ............................................................................................ 18-8
18.4 Changing File Names................................................................................................... 18-10
18.5 Creating Folders........................................................................................................... 18-12
18.6 Deleting and Copying Folders ...................................................................................... 18-14
18.7 Initializing the Internal Memory..................................................................................... 18-16
18.8 Printing ......................................................................................................................... 18-17
18.9 Specifying the Items That Are Displayed in the File List............................................... 18-18
Chapter 19 Other Operations
19.1 Configuring the Language, Beep, Start Menu, USB Function, and Screen Color.......... 19-1
19.2 Configuring Power Save Settings................................................................................... 19-2
19.3 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings ................................................ 19-3
19.4 Setting Operation Restrictions........................................................................................ 19-4
19.5 Assigning Menus Items That Are Displayed on the Top Menu ....................................... 19-6
19.6 Setting the Expiration Date............................................................................................. 19-7
19.7 Configuring Network Settings (Option)......................................................................... 19-10
Chapter 20 Troubleshooting, Maintenance, and Inspection
20.1 If a Problem Occurs........................................................................................................ 20-1
20.2 Error Messages .............................................................................................................. 20-2
20.3 ViewingtheProductInformation..................................................................................... 20-6
20.4 Performing a Self Test .................................................................................................... 20-7
20.5 Updating the Firmware ................................................................................................... 20-8
20.6 Backing Up Necessary Files to a PC and Initializing the Internal Memory
(Firmware version 1.12 and later) .................................................................................. 20-9
20.7 Performing a Mechanical Inspection and Checking Operations................................... 20-10
20.8 Replacing the Battery Pack ...........................................................................................20-11
20.9 Replacing an Optical Adapter....................................................................................... 20-16
20.10 Routine Maintenance ................................................................................................... 20-18
20.11 Storage Precautions..................................................................................................... 20-20
20.12 Recommended Replacement Parts ............................................................................. 20-21
20.13 Calibration .................................................................................................................... 20-22
Appendix
Appendix 1 Data File Formats...............................................................................................App-1
Index
Contents

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1.1 Overview
This instrument is an OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) with the features listed below. It
is used in the optical fiber and line installation and maintenance servicing of access networks, which
link telephone exchanges and service providers with subscribers, and user networks, which enable
communication within a corporation or building.
Optical fiber cable
Telephone
exchanges
Measurement
in cable
installations
AQ1200x/AQ1205x
Consumer
Corporate user
OTDR Features
• Opticalpulsemeasurement
Real-time, averaged measurement
• Waveformdisplay
Can be zoomed and moved
• Waveformanalysis
• Cursor/marker,distance,splice-loss,return-lossmeasurement
• Multitraceanalysis
• 2waytraceanalysis
• Differentialtrace
• Sectionanalysis
• Eventanalysis
• Eventediting
• Eventlistediting
Loss Testing (/SLT or /HLT option)
• Loss-measurementlightsourceandvisiblelightsource
• Opticalpowermeter
• Lossmeasurement(losstesting)
• Multi-corelosstesting
Visible light source (/VLS option)
Generation of visible light
Fault Locator
Location of breaks (faults) in optical fibers
Chapter 1 Features

1-2 IM AQ1200-01EN
Checking Fiber End Faces
You can use a fiber inspection probe*to photograph a fiber end face and display its state on the
screen.
* For information about compatible fiber inspection probes, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.
IP Testing (/LAN option)
Simple connection testing that uses PING
PON power meter (/PPM option)
Simultaneous measurement of the optical power of different signal wavelengths (1310 nm, 1490 nm,
and 1550 nm) of a PON system
Multi-Core Fiber Measurement
Using screens and menus specific to multi-core fiber measurement, you can efficiently and completely
measure multi-core fibers.
Optical power meter (/SPM option)
Loss-measurement power meter
* This features covers firmware versions 3.01 or later of the AQ1200x/AQ1205x.
Light source (/SLS option)
Loss-measurement light source
* This features covers firmware versions 3.01 or later of the AQ1200x/AQ1205x.
1.1 Overview

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1.2 Optical Pulse Measurement
The AQ1200x/AQ1205x applies an incident optical pulse to the connected optical fiber and measures
the power level of the reflected light from the different sections of the optical fiber such as its splices,
bent sections, and the open end of the fiber. The AQ1200x/AQ1205x uses the measured power level
to determine the distance to the different points (splices, breaks, etc.) of the optical fiber and the loss
and other phenomena that occur at those points.
Reflection
point
Optical fiber being measured
Optical pulse generation
Reflected light
Do not bend the optical fiber.
AQ1200x
AQ1205x
OTDR/Optical port
(Optical port 2)
or
OTDR/Optical port
(Optical port 3)
Measurement Mode
The following three measurement modes are available depending on the items that you specify for
measurement conditions.
Simple
In this mode, you can set the optical wavelength and turn the automatic saving of measured data on
and off. All other measurement conditions are automatically configured or are fixed.
Detail
In this mode, you can set all measurement conditions.
Multi WL
In this mode, in addition to the settings that you can specify in Detail mode, you can select up
to two optical wavelengths. The optical pulse whose wavelength you specified first is generated
and measured. Next, the optical pulse whose wavelength you specified second is generated and
measured. This operation is then repeated.
Analysis Mode
The following three analysis modes are available depending on the items that you specify for analysis
conditions.
Simple
In this mode, you can set the approximation method. All other analysis conditions are automatically
configured or are fixed.
Detail
In this mode, you can specify all analysis conditions.
Multi WL
In addition to the conditions in Detail mode, you can specify the index of refraction and the
backscattering light level for each of the two wavelengths that you specified in the measurement
Multi WL mode. You can also turn the macro bending (bending loss) display on and off.

1-4 IM AQ1200-01EN
Real-time Measurement
In real-time measurement, you can change measurement conditions such as the wavelength, distance
range, and pulse width while waveform changes are being measured in real time.*
* The measurement conditions that you can change vary depending on the measurement mode. For details
about the measurement conditions, see the explanation of the measurement modes in chapter 3.
Averaged Measurement
When you want to detect reflections, splice loss, and other faint events that are generated from
connections or splice points but are buried in noise, use averaged measurement. The AQ1200x/
AQ1205x derives the measured data by averaging the specified number of optical pulse
measurements or by averaging optical pulse measurements over the specified duration. During
averaged measurement, you cannot change the measurement conditions. You can stop the averaged
measurement before it completes.
Multi-Core Fiber Measurement
Using screens and setup menus specific to multi-core fiber measurement, you can efficiently and
completely measure multi-core fibers.
Fiber-in-Use
Some models in the AQ1200x/AQ1205x use the same wavelength that is used in real communication
to make measurements.
If communication light is present in the optical fiber that you want to measure (the fiber is in use), the
communication will be affected. In this situation, the AQ1200x/AQ1205x will not be able to perform
measurements correctly either. Take appropriate precautions to avoid communication interference.
Check that there is no communication light present in the optical fiber before you use the AQ1200x/
AQ1205x. The AQ1200x/AQ1205x has a feature for checking whether there is communication light
(fiber-in-use alarm; see section 3.5).
1.2 Optical Pulse Measurement

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1.3 Waveform Display
You can display the measured result as a waveform on the screen. You can zoom the displayed
waveform and move the position that is displayed.
How to View Optical Pulse Waveforms
The optical pulse applied to the optical fiber is reflected at different points of the optical fiber such
as its connections, bent sections, and the open end of the fiber. These sections generate loss. The
measured result is displayed as a waveform that has distance represented in the horizontal direction
and loss level represented in the vertical direction. On the waveform, detected points where loss or
reflection occurs are known as events.
Incident ray Backscatter Splice Connector Bend
Open end of
the fiber
Near-end
reflection
Splice loss
Approximated
line Reflection caused
by a connector Loss caused
by bending
Reflection at the open end
of the fiber (Fresnel reflection)
Dynamic range (SNR = 1)
Optical fiber
Near-end Reflection
This is the reflection that occurs at the point where the AQ1200x/AQ1205x and the optical fiber are
connected. This also includes the AQ1200x/AQ1205x’s internal reflection. In the section where this
near-end reflection is detected, even if there are other connections, the loss and reflections that occur
at these points cannot be detected. This section is the near-end dead zone.
When you are measuring a short distance, connect a dummy fiber to reduce the effect of the near-end
reflection.
Backscatter
When light travels through an optical fiber, Rayleigh scattering caused by changes in the density of
materials that are smaller than the light’s wavelength and inconsistencies in the fiber’s composition
generates loss in the optical fiber itself. The portion of the scattered light that travels in the direction
opposite to the direction of propagation is known as backscatter.
Small
material
Incident ray
Backscatter
Optical fiber

1-6 IM AQ1200-01EN
Splice Loss
Because spliced sections of optical fibers have a great number of changes in the material’s density
and inconsistencies in the fiber’s composition, loss due to Rayleigh scattering becomes large, and
splice loss occurs in these sections.
Reflection at the Connection Point of Connectors
Using a connector to connect two optical fibers is different from splicing them together in that a small
gap remains between the two fibers. Because this gap has a different index of refraction, reflection
occurs.
Optical fiber Optical fiber
Connector
Gap
Fresnel Reflection at the Open End of the Fiber
This is the reflection that occurs at locations where the index of refraction changes (glass to air) such
as where there are tears in the optical fiber or at the end of the optical fiber. When the optical fiber end
face is vertical, approximately 3% of the incident optical power (–14.7 dB) is reflected.
Glass Air
Incident ray (100%)
Reflected light (3%)
Light
(97%)
Dynamic Range
Dynamic range refers to the range of optical power levels that can be measured. The larger the
dynamic range, the greater the distance that optical pulses can be measured over.
Measurement waveform
Noise peak
2.6 dB
RMS level of the noise
Dynamic range
(SNR = 1)
Zooming the Waveform Display Scale
You can zoom the displayed waveform in the direction of the optical power level (vertically) or in the
direction of the distance (horizontally). A rectangular frame that shows the zoom position is displayed
on the overview screen that appears in the bottom right of the screen.
Moving the Waveform Display Position
You can move the displayed waveform in the direction of the optical power level (vertically) or in the
direction of the distance (horizontally). A rectangular frame that shows the display position is displayed
on the overview screen that appears in the bottom right of the screen. This is the same rectangular
frame that shows the zoom position.
1.3 Waveform Display

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1.4 Waveform and Event Analysis
Waveform Analysis
You can use the cursor and markers to measure values such as the distance, splice loss, return loss,
or reflection level between two points.
Measuring Distance
The AQ1200x/AQ1205x measures the time that it takes for an incident optical pulse to be reflected and
return to the device. It uses this information and the following equation to calculate the distance (L).
L = C×T/(2N) [m]
C: The speed of light in a vacuum 2.99792 × 108[m/s]
T: The time measured from when the incident pulse was generated to when the reflected light
was received [s]
N: Index of refraction
In the above equation, the division by two accounts for the fact that the measured time represents the
total time taken by the optical pulse to reach the reflection point and to return from it.
If the correct index of refraction is not specified, there will be errors in the distance measurement.
Setting the Index of Refraction
The AQ1200x/AQ1205x has preset indices of refraction that correspond to each wavelength. For
details on the settings, see section 3.6. Contact the optical fiber manufacturer for the fiber’s correct
index of refraction.
Distance Range
You must select a distance range that is longer than the cable length of the optical fiber that you
want to measure. As the distance becomes greater, the measurement time also increases. For
details on the setting range, see section 3.5.
Pulse Width
There are the following features depending on the length of the pulse width. The pulse width that
you can select varies depending on the distance range that you have specified. For details on the
settings, see section 3.5.
• Shortpulsewidth
 Youcanseparateandmeasureadjacentevents(reflectionpointsandlosses).However,you
cannot measure long distances.
• Longpulsewidth
 Youcanmeasurelongdistances.However,multipleadjacenteventsmaybeseenasonesingle
event.
Pulse width

1-8 IM AQ1200-01EN
Dead Zone
An area where the influence of a large event such as a connector’s connection point makes it
impossible to recognize other events that exist in that area is a dead zone. There are the following
two types of dead zones.
• Event dead zone
 Anareawhereadjacentreflectionscannotbeseparated.Thisisthearearepresentedbythe
pulse width between the two points on the waveform at the level that is 1.5 dB below the peak
value.
• Attenuation dead zone
An area where, because there is a large reflection, the surrounding splice losses cannot be
measured.
Event dead zone
Attenuation dead zone
1.5 dB
Near-end Dead Zone Prevention
In sections where near-end reflection is detected, loss and reflections that occur at connections
cannot be detected. If you are measuring a short distance, connect a dummy fiber to move events
that are hidden in the near-end reflection the distance of the dummy fiber.
Do not bend the optical fiber.
AQ1200x
AQ1205x
Optical fiber being
measured
Dummy fiber
Event generation
point
Small reflection that was hidden
within a large reflection
Splice Loss
The AQ1200x/AQ1205x measures the distance and the loss between the specified points.
2 Point Markers
The AQ1200x/AQ1205x measures the distance and the loss between two points. If reflection is
detected between the two points, the return loss is also measured. The splice loss value changes
depending on the approximation method that you have specified. This can be used when Marker
Mode is set to Marker or Line.
Splice loss a (dB)
(Total loss)
(n when Marker Mode is set to Line)
(E when Marker Mode is set to Line)
2
1
d (km)
1.4 Waveform and Event Analysis

1-9
IM AQ1200-01EN
Features
3
2
1
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
App
Index
20
4 Point Markers
The AQ1200x/AQ1205x uses the following four points to perform the measurement: the
measurement start point
1
, the splice loss start point
2
, the splice loss end point Y2, and the
measurement end point
3
. At position
2
, the level difference between the approximated line
2
–
1
and the approximated line Y2–
3
is calculated as the splice loss. The splice loss changes greatly
depending on the position of
2
. Set the correct position for
2
. The splice loss value changes
depending on the approximation method that you have specified. This can only be used when
Marker Mode is set to Marker.
Y2
b(dB)
e (dB)
c (km) f (km)
Approximated line Y2–
3
2
1
3
5 Point Markers
The AQ1200x/AQ1205x uses the following five points to perform the measurement: the near-end
point (n), a point (N) that is used to calculate the near-end side’s approximated line, a point (E)
where splice loss is detected, a point (F) that is used to calculate the far-end side’s approximated
line, and the far-end point (f). At position E, the level difference between the approximated line n–
N and the approximated line F–f is calculated as the splice loss. The splice loss changes greatly
depending on the position of E. Set the correct position for E. The splice loss value changes
depending on the approximation method that you have specified. This can only be used when
Marker Mode is set to Line.
nNf
F
a (dB)
b (dB)
c (km)
e (dB)
f (km)
E
Approximated
line F–f
Approximated
line n–N
Return Loss
Return loss RL is the ratio, in dB, of the reflected optical power level Pr to the incident optical power
level Pi. It is calculated using the following equation. The larger the return loss, the smaller the
reflected optical power. This implies that the performance of the measured optical line is good.
RL = –10log(Pr/Pi) [dB]
1.4 Waveform and Event Analysis

1-10 IM AQ1200-01EN
Multi Trace Analysis
You can load up to four traces that have been measured on the AQ1200x/AQ1205x and display them
simultaneously for comparison.
Youcanadjusttheverticaldisplaypositionofeachloadedtrace.
2 Way Trace Analysis
Trace events that have been measured from optical fiber cable end A to end B and those measured
from end B to end A can be combined. This combination enables displaying of events that could not
otherwise be measured because of dead zones.
In the figure below, the event that is in the near-end dead zone (point S) when measured from end A
is detected as event number 5 when measured from end B. In the 2 way trace analysis display, it is
displayed as event number 1.
AQ1200x
AQ1205x
End A End B
End A → End B
End A ← End B
▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
S 1 2 3 4 E
▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
S1234E 5
▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
S 1 2 3 4 E5
2 way trace analysis
AQ1200x
AQ1205x
An event of the other trace that exists within 6% of the position of an event of the current trace will be
considered part of the current trace event.
If multiple events of the other trace that exists within 6% of the position of an event of the current trace,
the closest event will be considered part of the current trace event.
Traces that meet the following conditions can be combined.
• Bothhavethesamewavelength.
• Bothhavethesamepulsewidth.
• Theirendpositionoffsetiswithin6%.
• Bothhaveeventlists.
Differential Trace
You can load two traces that have been measured on the AQ1200x/AQ1205x and display their
difference as a trace.
The screen can display the loaded traces and the differential trace simultaneously.
The differential trace is the result of subtracting the values of the current trace from those of the other
trace.
You can use markers to read the following values of the differential trace.
• Lossbetweenmarkers(dB)
• Distancebetweenmarkers(km)
• Lossperunitdistancebetweenmarkers(dB/km)
• Distancetoeachmarker
Section Analysis
You can set two markers, start point S and end point E, to measure the return loss and total loss in
the section that you have specified. If you specify the reference point marker
B
for the return loss
measurement, you can measure the return loss in the area between
B
and E.
S E
E
EE
B
1.4 Waveform and Event Analysis

1-11
IM AQ1200-01EN
Features
3
2
1
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
App
Index
20
Event Analysis
You can search for events in the optical pulse measurement waveform and measure the splice loss
and the return loss.
Event Editing
You can insert and delete events on the event screen. When you edit an event marker, the splice loss
and the return loss can be recalculated.
S
▲ ▲
▲
▲
1
2
E
Measurement
reference point
Event number 1
Event number 2
Detected fiber-end event E
Event List Editing
You can set indices of refraction for each event period on the event list. Setting the indices of refraction
in accordance with the connected fiber makes accurate distance measurements possible.
These indices only affect event analysis. The do not affect the waveform display.
You can also change event distances. However, the events shown on the screen will not change.
1.4 Waveform and Event Analysis

1-12 IM AQ1200-01EN
1.5 Light Source and Optical Power Meters
(Options)
The features listed for the loss-measurement light source and optical power meters are available on
models with the /SLT, /HLT, or /PPM option. The features listed for the visible light source are available
onmodelswiththe/VLSoption.
Loss-Measurement Light Source
The following measurement light wavelengths can be generated.
Model Measurement Light Wavelength
AQ1200A SM 1310 nm, SM 1550 nm
AQ1200B SM 1625 nm
AQ1200C SM 1650 nm
AQ1200E SM 1310 nm, SM 1550 nm, SM 1625 nm
AQ1205A SM 1310 nm, SM 1550 nm
AQ1205E SM 1310 nm, SM 1550 nm, SM 1625 nm
AQ1205F SM 1310 nm, SM 1550 nm, SM 1650 nm
You can produce continuous light or light that has been modulated at the selected frequency (modulation
mode).
Visible Light Source
You can produce visible light to visually identify breaks in the optical fiber under test. You can turn the
visible light on and off independently of the measurement light source.
Optical Power Meter
The two instrument types listed below are available for measuring different types of optical power.
Item
Models with /SLT
or /HLT Suffix
Codes
Models with /SPM
Suffix Codes
Models with /PPM Suffix Codes
Normal power
meter selected
PON power meter
selected
Wavelength Yes Yes Fixed10, 11 Fixed10, 11
Wavelength mode1Yes Yes — —
Modulation mode2Yes Yes — —
Unit Yes (dB, dBm, W) Yes (dB, dBm, W) Yes (dB, dBm, W) Yes (dBm, W)
Reference3Yes Yes Yes —
Measured value display hold Yes Yes Yes Yes
Measured value logging Yes Yes Yes —
Zero set4Yes Yes Yes Yes
Average count5Yes Yes Yes Yes
Maximum and minimum value
display6Yes Yes Yes —
Interlocking of light source and
optical power meter settings7Yes —Yes —
Offset8Yes Ye s Yes Yes
Threshold9Yes Yes Yes Ye s
Measurement of the optical power
from ONU to OLT for a particular
signal wavelength10
———Yes
Measurement of the optical power
from OLT to ONU for a particular
signal wavelength11
———Yes
Yes: Can be set or executed, —: Not available
1 Wavelengths can be set with the wavelength mode set to Simple, Detail, or CWDM.
•Simple: You can select from a list of preset wavelengths.
•Detail: You can set the wavelength to a value from 800 to 1700 nm in 1 nm steps.
•CWDM: You can set the wavelength to a value from 1270 to 1610 nm in 20 nm steps along the CWDM
wavelength grid.

1-13
IM AQ1200-01EN
Features
3
2
1
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
App
Index
20
2 You can select the modulation frequency of the incident rays from a list of presets. You can also select CW
(continuous).
3 You can make the displayed measured value the reference and display subsequent measured values as
relative values.
4Youcanadjusttheinternaldeviationoftheopticalpowermeasurementsectionandobtainmoreaccurate
absolute optical power values.
5 You can display averaged measured values.
6 You can display the maximum and minimum measured values.
7 You can interlock the light source and optical power meter settings when you connect an optical fiber
between the light source port of an AQ1200x/AQ1205x and the optical power measurement port of another
AQ1200x/AQ1205x.
8 You can add a specified value (the offset value) to measured optical power values.
9 You can set upper and lower threshold values and determine whether or not the measured values fall within
them.
10 You can measure the optical power of an upstream signal from the ONU (optical network unit: the user’s
optical terminal) to the OLT (optical line termination: the telephone exchange’s optical terminal). The optical
power of the 1310 nm (data wavelength) signal is measured.
11 You can measure the optical power of downstream signals from the OLT to the ONU. The optical power of
the 1490 nm (data wavelength) and 1550 nm (video wavelength) signals is measured.
Logging
You can measure short-term optical power stability. The optical power value during logging can be
displayed on a graph, and you can calculate the maximum, minimum, and average. In addition, you
can use cursors to calculate the optical power at a specified location or the maximum, minimum, and
averagewithinaspecifiedarea.TheloggingresultscanbesavedtoafileinCSVformat.
1.5 Light Source and Optical Power Meters (Options)

1-14 IM AQ1200-01EN
1.6 Loss Test (Option)
You can easily measure optical fiber and optical line degradation. This feature is available on models
with the /SLT or /HLT option.
Auto Loss Test (Using one AQ1200x/AQ1205x as the light source
and another as the optical power meter)
Using the AQ1200x/AQ1205x as a light source and optical power meter, you can easily measure
optical fiber and line degradation. You can also use the AQ1100 multi-field tester series instead of the
AQ1200x/AQ1205x as the light source or optical power meter.
Light Source
You can set up to two measurement light wavelengths and produce them in order. You can produce
aconstantleveloflightifyouusetheopticalpoweradjustmentfeature.
Optical Power Meter
The AQ1200x/AQ1205x automatically identifies the measurement light from the AQ1200x/AQ1205x
that it is connected to and measures the optical power.
• Thefollowingitemscanbespecifiedorexecuted.Fordetailsabouttheseitems,seesection1.5.
The unit, reference, offset, and threshold values can be specified.
The zero set and measured value display hold operations can be executed.
• Youcanattachfiber information to the measured values and save them.*
* Because the AQ1200x/AQ1205x is capable of identifying optical fiber and line cores, it is possible to
number cores and tapes.
Light source
(AQ1200x/AQ1205x)
Light source
port
Optical power meter
(AQ1200x/AQ1205x)
Optical power
measurement
port
Fiber under
loss test
Loop-Back Loss Test (Using one AQ1200x/AQ1205x)
You can use the light source and optical power meter features on a single AQ1200x/AQ1205x to
perform a loop-back loss test on an optical fiber or line. To perform loss testing, connect one end of the
fiber that you want to perform loss testing on to the AQ1200x/AQ1205x light source port, and connect
the other end to the optical power measurement port of the same AQ1200x/AQ1205x.
Light source and optical power meter
(AQ1200x/AQ1205x)
Light source
port
Optical power
measurement
port
Fiber under
loss test