Chauvin Arnoux C.A 6549 User manual

ENGLISH User’s manual
MEGOHMMETER
C.A 6549

2
WARNING, risk of DANGER! The operator must refer to this user’s manual whenever this danger symbol appears.
Equipment protected by double insulation.
WARNING! Risk of electric shock. The voltage of the parts identified by this symbol may be ≥120 V
dc
.
For safety reasons, this symbol is displayed when such a voltage is generated.
Earth.
The CE marking indicates conformity with European directives, in particular LVD and EMC.
The rubbish bin with a line through it indicates that, in the European Union, the product must undergo selective
disposal in compliance with Directive WEEE 2002/96/EC. This equipment must not be treated as household waste.
Definition of measurement categories:
Measurement category IV corresponds to measurements taken at the source of low-voltage installations.
Example: power feeders, counters and protection devices.
Measurement category III corresponds to measurements on building installations.
Example: distribution panel, circuit-breakers, machines or fixed industrial devices.
Measurement category II corresponds to measurements taken on circuits directly connected to low-voltage installations.
Example: power supply to electro-domestic devices and portable tools.
PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
This device is compliant with safety standard IEC 61010-2-030 and the leads are compliant with IEC 61010-031, for voltages up
to 1000 V with respect to earth in category III.
Failure to observe the safety instructions may result in electric shock, fire, explosion, and destruction of the instrument and of
the installations.
The operator and/or the responsible authority must carefully read and clearly understand the various precautions to be taken
in use. Sound knowledge and a keen awareness of electrical hazards are essential when using this instrument.
If you use this instrument other than as specified, the protection it provides may be compromised, thereby endangering you.
Do not use the instrument on networks of which the voltage or category exceeds those mentioned.
Do not use the instrument if it seems to be damaged, incomplete, or poorly closed.
Before each use, check the condition of the insulation on the leads, housing, and accessories. Any item of which the insulation
is deteriorated (even partially) must be set aside for repair or scrapping.
Use personal protection equipment systematically.
Use only the accessories delivered with the instrument.
Respect the value and type of the fuse to avoid damaging the instrument and cancelling the warranty.
Set the switch to OFF when the instrument is not in use.
The battery must be charged before metrological tests.
All troubleshooting and metrological checks must be performed by competent and accredited personnel.
Thank you for purchasing a C.A. 6549 megohmmeter.
To obtain the best service from your instrument:
read this user manual carefully,
comply with the precautions for use.

3
CONTENTS
1. PRESENTATION....................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1. The megohmmeter ......................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.2. The accessories ............................................................................................................................................................. 4
2. DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1. Housing .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2.2. Keys................................................................................................................................................................................ 6
2.2. Display............................................................................................................................................................................ 6
3. MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS................................................................................................................................................ 8
3.1. AC / DC voltage.............................................................................................................................................................. 8
3.2. Insulation measurement ................................................................................................................................................. 8
3.3. Capacitance measurement ............................................................................................................................................ 9
3.4. Residual current measurement ...................................................................................................................................... 9
4. SPECIAL FUNCTIONS........................................................................................................................................................... 10
4.1. MODE / PRINT key....................................................................................................................................................... 10
4.2. DISPLAY / GRAPH key................................................................................................................................................. 13
4.3. / T° Key..................................................................................................................................................................... 19
4.4. / SMOOTH Key ........................................................................................................................................................ 20
4.5. SET-UP function (instrument configuration) ................................................................................................................. 20
4.6. List of coded errors ...................................................................................................................................................... 24
5. PROCEDURE ......................................................................................................................................................................... 25
5.1. Course of measurements ............................................................................................................................................. 25
5.2. Step function mode (Adj. Step) .................................................................................................................................... 26
6. MEMORY / RS 232................................................................................................................................................................. 28
6.1. RS 232 characteristics ................................................................................................................................................. 28
6.2. Storing / recalling measurement results (MEM/MR KEY)............................................................................................. 28
6.3. Printing measured values (PRINT key) ......................................................................................................................... 29
7. SPECIFICATIONS................................................................................................................................................................... 34
7.1. Reference conditions.................................................................................................................................................... 34
7.2. Characteristics per function ......................................................................................................................................... 34
7.3. Power supply................................................................................................................................................................ 37
7.4. Environmental conditions............................................................................................................................................. 37
7.5. Construction specifications.......................................................................................................................................... 37
7.6. Compliance with international standards..................................................................................................................... 38
7.7. Variations within domain of use.................................................................................................................................... 38
8. MAINTENANCE.............................................................................................................................................................. 39
8.1. Servicing....................................................................................................................................................................... 39
8.2. Metrological check ....................................................................................................................................................... 39
8.3. Repair ........................................................................................................................................................................... 39
9. WARRANTY............................................................................................................................................................................ 40
10. TO ORDER............................................................................................................................................................................ 41
10.1. Accessories ................................................................................................................................................................ 41
10.2. Replacement parts ..................................................................................................................................................... 41

4
1. PRESENTATION
1.1. THE MEGOHMMETER
The C.A 6549 megohmmeter is a portable unit, fitted into a rugged construction site casing with cover, operating on battery or
line power.
Its main functions are:
automatic detection and measurement of voltage, frequency, input current,
quantitative and qualitative insulation measurement:
measurement at 500, 1000, 2500, 5000 V
dc
or other test voltage between 40 and 5100 V
dc
(“adjustable voltage”),
measurement in voltage step mode (the applied voltage increases in steps),
automatic calculation of DAR/PI and DD (dielectric discharge index) quality ratios,
automatic calculation of measurement result referred to a reference temperature.
automatic capacitance measurement,
automatic measurement of residual current.
This megohmmeter helps to ensure the safety of electrical installations and equipment.
Its operation is controlled by microprocessor for the acquisition, processing, measurement display, storage and printing of results.
It offers a wide range of advantages such as:
digital filtering of insulation measurements,
automatic voltage measurement,
threshold programming, to trigger alarms using audible beeps,
the timer for measurement duration checks,
protection of the device by fuse, with detection of defective fuses,
operator safety by means of automatic discharge of the test voltage on the equipment tested,
automatic power save mode of the device to save battery power,
indication of battery charge condition,
large graphic display with backlight capability,
memory (128 kB), real time clock and serial interface,
PC control of the device (using PC software, optional),
printing in RS 232 or Centronics mode.
1.2. THE ACCESSORIES
1.2.1. MEASURING CABLES
The megohmmeter is delivered with 4 measuring cables as standard:
2 3m safety cables (red & black with rear pick up), with an HV plug for connection to the instrument and an HV alligator clip
for connection to the item tested
2 blue cables (3 m and 0.3 m with rear pick up) to measure high insulation values (see § 5.1).
Optionally, you can order the same cables in lengths of 8 m and 15 m, and also simplified cables (the alligator clip is replaced by
a 4 mm banana jack to which standard alligator clips or contact pins can be connected).
1.2.2. PC SOFTWARE (OPTIONAL)
This PC software is used to:
download data stored in the instrument,
print customised test protocols in accordance with user needs,
create ExcelTM spreadsheets,
configure and control the unit via the RS 232,
The minimum recommended configuration is a PC with a 486DX100 processor.
1.2.3. SERIAL PRINTER (OPTIONAL)
This compact printer can be used to print measurement results, directly in the field.
1.2.4. SERIAL-PARALLEL ADAPTER (OPTIONAL)
The optional RS232/Centronics adapter converts the serial interface (RS232) into a parallel printer interface (Centronics), making
it possible to print all measurements directly on A4-format office printers, without using a personal computer.

5
2. DESCRIPTION
2.1. HOUSING
➂
➆
➅
➄
➃
➇
➁
➀
➀3 4mm-dia. safety terminals identified as “+”, “G”, and “-”.
➁Access to the fuse that protects terminal “G”.
➂8-way rotary switch:
OFF switches instrument power off.
500V - 2TΩinsulation measurement at 500 V up to 2 TΩ.
1000V - 4TΩinsulation measurement at 1000 V up to 4 TΩ.
2500V - 10TΩinsulation measurement at 2500 V up to 10 TΩ.
5000V - 10TΩinsulation measurement at 5000 V up to 10 TΩ.
Adjust. 50V...5000V insulation measurement with adjustable test voltage (from 40 V to 5100 V: 10 V steps from 40 to
1000 V and 100 V steps from 1000 to 5100 V).
Adjust. STEP insulation measurement with voltage step function (the test voltage varies in steps).
SET-UP adjustment of instrument configuration.
➃1 yellow START / STOP key: beginning / end of measurement
➄8 elastomer keys each having a main function and a secondary function.
➅1 backlit graphic screen.
➆1 socket for connection to line power (direct operation on line power and/or battery charging).
➇1 RS 232 serial INTERFACE male connector (9 pins) for connection to a PC or printer.

6
2.2. KEYS
8 keys each having a main function and a secondary function:
2nd Select the secondary function (indicated in yellow italics below each key).
MODE
PRINT
Primary function: select the desired type of measurement, before an insulation measurement, or select the
current range, during a measurement.
Secondary function: enter the PRINT menu to print measurement results.
DISPLAY
GRAPH
Primary function: browse through the various screens accessible before, during and after the measurement.
Secondary function: display insulation resistance versus duration after a time-limited measurement.
uPrimary function: select a parameter one step to the right of the current cursor position (from the end of
the line, the cursor jumps to the beginning of the line).
Secondary function: activate/deactivate display backlight.

T°
Primary function: deselect a selection or move the cursor one parameter to the left.
Secondary function: enter the TEMPERATURE menu to refer the measurement to a specified temperature.
p
ALARM
Primary function: move the cursor up or increment the selected parameter (flashing or indicated by the
cursor). If the key is kept pressed, the rate of change of the parameters is increased.
Secondary function: activate / deactivate the alarms programmed in the SET-UP menu , or move the cursor
one page up in a long menu..

SMOOTH
Primary function: move the cursor down or decrement the selected parameter (flashing or indicated by the
cursor). If the key is kept pressed, the rate of change of the parameters is increased.
Secondary function: enable / disable smoothing of the insulation resistance indication, or move the cursor
one page down in a long menu.
MEM
MR
Primary function: store measured values.
Secondary function: recall stored data.
2.3. DISPLAY
2.3.1. GRAPHIC DISPLAY UNIT
The display unit is a graphic display unit with a resolution of 320 x 240 pixels. It has a built-in backlighting that can be activated
or deactivated using the key.
The various screens that are accessible are presented and explained throughout this manual. We explain below, however, the
various symbols that may appear on the screen.
2.3.2. SYMBOLS
REMOTE Indicates that the instrument is controlled remotely via the interface.
In this mode, all of the keys and the rotary switch are inactive, except for shutdown of the instrument (OFF position).
COM Indicates that the instrument is sending data to the printer via the interface.
2nd Indicates that the secondary function of a key will be used.
Indicates that the “programmed time test” mode was selected before the measurement was started.
DAR Indicates that the “automatic calculation of Dielectric Absorption Ratio” mode was selected before the measurement
was started.
PI Indicates that the “automatic calculation of Polarization Index” mode was selected before the measurement was
started.
DD Indicates that the “automatic calculation of Dielectric Discharge Index” mode was selected before the measurement
was started.
SMOOTH Indicates that smoothing of the insulation resistance indication is activated.
ALARM Indicates that the alarm is enabled. An audible alarm will be emitted if the value measured is below the limit value
defined in the SET-UP menu.
Indicates the battery charge condition (see § 8.1.1).

7
Voltage generated dangerous, U > 120V
dc
.
External voltage present, U > 25 VRMS

8
3. MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS
3.1. AC / DC VOLTAGE
Turning the switch to an insulation position (position other than OFF or SET-UP) sets the instrument to automatic AC / DC voltage
measurement. The voltage between the input terminals is measured at all times and indicated as RMS value on the display unit:
Input Voltage. Switching between AC and DC mode is automatic.
When switch is turned, the frequency and the residual DC current between the terminals of the instrument are also measured.
(The residual current is measured in order to evaluate its impact on the insulation measurement to come).
FIXED VOLTAGE
2500 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
230 V AC
50.0 Hz
24.6 nA
Time: 15:31
The insulation measurements cannot be started if there is an excessively high external voltage on the terminals, in which case
the symbol is displayed next to the measured external voltage (see § 3.2).
3.2. INSULATION MEASUREMENT
When the switch is turned to an insulation position, one of the following displays appears:
Case 1
You select an insulation measurement with a fixed / standard test voltage, in manual
mode.
Positions:
500V - 2TΩ
1000V - 4TΩ
2500V - 10TΩ
5000V - 10TΩ
Case 2
You select an insulation measurement with a test voltage other than those proposed
as standard.
Position:
Adjust. 50V...5000V
You can choose from the 3 “adjusted” voltages predefined in SET-UP using the p
and keys, or define another voltage by selecting it with the ukey and adjusting
it with the pand keys.
FIXED VOLTAGE
2500 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
230 V AC
50.0 Hz
24.6 nA
Time: 15:31
ADJUSTABLE VOLATGE 1
2300 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
20 V AC
50.0 Hz
24.6 nA
Time: 15:31

9
Case 3
You select an insulation measurement with a test voltage that varies in steps: this
is the “step function” mode.
Position:
Adjust. Step
You can choose among the three step functions (pand keys) you defined earlier
in SET-UP.
Pressing the START/STOP key immediately triggers the measurement.
An audible beep is emitted every 10 seconds to indicate that a measurement is in progress.
Important remark: These insulation measurements cannot be started if there is an excessively high external voltage on the terminals.
If, when the START key is pressed, the external voltage on the terminals of the instrument is greater than the value U peak
defined below, the insulation measurement is not triggered and an audible alarm is emitted; the instrument then returns to
automatic voltage measurement.
U peak ≥2 x dlSt x Un
where - Upeak: external voltage, peak or DC, on the terminals of the instrument.
- dlSt: coefficient that can be adjusted in SET-UP - 3% (default value), 10% or 20%.
- Un: test voltage selected for the insulation measurement.
Similarly, if during the insulation measurements, an external voltage greater than the value U peak defined below is detected,
the measurement is stopped and the symbol appears next to the value of the external voltage measured.
U peak ≥(dlSt + 1.1) x Un,
where - Upeak: external voltage, peak or DC, on the terminals of the instrument.
- dlSt: coefficient that can be adjusted in SET-UP - 3% (default value), 10% or 20%.
- Un: test voltage selected for the insulation measurement.
Note: Adjust the dISt factor to optimize the measurement build-up time. If there is no disturbance voltage, dISt can be set to its
minimum value to obtain the shortest possible measurement build-up time.
If there is a large disturbance voltage, dISt can be increased so that the measurement can be started and will not be
interrupted.
Pressing the START/STOP key again stops the measurement.
If a “programmed time test” mode (Timed Run or Timed Run + DD) was selected as measurement mode, the measurement is
stopped (without action on the START/STOP button) at the end of this time.
Similarly, if the DAR or PI mode is selected as measurement mode, the measurement is stopped after the time needed to calculate
them.
Note: When measuring resistances smaller than the resistance range indicated for the selected test voltage, the test voltage is
automatically reduced. So 10 kΩcan be measured as the minimum resistance regardless of the selected test voltage..
3.3. CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENT
The capacitance measurement is performed automatically during the insulation measurement, and is displayed after the
measurement stops and the circuit has been discharged.
3.4. RESIDUAL CURRENT MEASUREMENT
The residual current circulating in the installation is measured automatically upon connection to the installation, then before and
after the insulation measurement.
STEP FUNCTION 1
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
1 V AC
50.0 Hz
24.6 nA
Time: 15:31
Min: 2300 V Max: 3900 V
Test Run Time 08:38:30

10
4. SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
4.1. MODE / PRINT KEY
4.1.1. PRIMARY FUNCTION BEFORE THE MEASUREMENT
The primary function of the MODE key is very important: it is used before the measurement to define the course of the
measurement.
This key is inactive in the “Adjust. Step” and SET-UP positions.
Pressing the MODE key gives access to the list of possible measurement modes. Select the mode using the pand/or keys.
To validate the mode selected, press the MODE key again.
The various measurement modes are as follows:
MANUAL STOP:
This is the conventional quantitative insulation measurement mode. The
measurement is started by pressing START / STOP and stopped by pressing START
/ STOP again.
The user determines the duration, which is indicated by the measurement duration
chronometer.
MANUAL STOP + DD:
The measurement is started by pressing START/STOP and stopped by pressing
START/STOP again.
One minute after the end of the measurement, the instrument calculates and display
the DD term. The time remaining during this minute is displayed.
TIMED RUN:
(Timed run test)
This mode is used to perform a measurement for a duration defined in advance,
with a predetermined number of measurement samples: the measurement is started
by pressing START / STOP and stops automatically after the time programmed by
the user.
This duration (Duration) and the time interval between samples (Sample) can be
modified using the p, , uand keys when the Timed Run mode is selected.
When the measurement is started, the chronometer counts down the time remaining.
When this time (Remaining Time) is zero, the measurement is stopped.
During the execution of a timed run test, the intermediate samples are automatically stored: they are used to plot insulation resistance
vs. time. This curve can be displayed after the measurement by pressing the GRAPH key, as long as no new measurement has
been started.
The samples are automatically stored with the final value of the resistance, if it is stored.
During the measurement, if the position of the rotary switch is changed, or the STOP key is pressed, the measurement is
stopped.
Total Run Time ---
Manual Stop
Manual Stop + DD
Duration Sample
(h:m) (m:s)
Timed Run 02:30 00:10
Timed Run + DD
DAR (s/s) 30/60
PI (m/m) 1.0/10
MODE
Total Run Time ---
Manual Stop
Manual Stop + DD
Duration Sample
(h:m) (m:s)
Timed Run 02:30 00:10
Timed Run + DD
DAR (s/s) 30/60
PI (m/m) 1.0/10
MODE
Total Run Time 02:30:00
Manual Stop
Manual Stop + DD
Duration Sample
(h:m) (m:s)
Timed Run 02:30 00:10
Timed Run + DD
DAR (s/s) 30/60
PI (m/m) 1.0/10
MODE

11
TIMED RUN + DD:
This mode is identical to the previous one except that 1 minute after the end of the
measurement the instrument calculates and displays the DD term.
The measurement duration is therefore: duration of timed run + 1 minute.
The insulation resistance vs. time curve can be displayed after the measurement
by pressing GRAPH, as long as no new measurement has been started.
DAR:
The measurement is started by pressing START / STOP and stops automatically
when the DAR ratio has been calculated, i.e. after 1 minute, the time for measuring
the second insulation resistance value needed for the calculation (the sample time
can be modified with the p, , uand keys).
PI:
The measurement is started by pressing START / STOP and stops automatically
when the PI ratio has been calculated, i.e. after 10 minutes, the time for measuring
the second insulation resistance value needed for the calculation (the sample times
can be modified with the p, , uand keys).
Remark: in this mode, the DAR ratio will also be calculated automatically if the
times needed to calculate it are less than the second time needed to
calculate the PI ratio.
Important remarks:
What is the DD (Dielectric Discharge index)?
In the case of multilayer insulation, if one of the layers is defective but the resistance of all the others is high, neither the quantitative
insulation measurement nor the calculation of the PI and DAR quality ratios will reveal the problem.
This makes it judicious to perform a dielectric discharge test, from which the DD term can be calculated. This test measures
the dielectric absorption of heterogeneous or multilayer insulation and disregards parallel-surface leakage currents.
It involves applying a test voltage for long enough to electrically “charge” the insulation to be measured (typically, a voltage of
500 V is applied for 30 minutes).
At the end of the measurement, the instrument causes a rapid discharge, during which the capacitance of the insulation is
measured; 1 minute later, the residual current circulating in the insulation is measured.
The DD term is then calculated as follows:
DD = current measured after 1 minute (mA) / [test voltage (V) x measured capacitance (F)]
The insulation quality rating as a function of the value found is as follows:
Value of DD Quality of insulation
7 < DD Very poor
4 < DD < 7 Poor
2 < DD < 4 Borderline
DD < 2 Good
Note: The dielectric discharge test is especially well suited to insulation measurements on rotating machines, and, in general, to
insulation measurements on heterogeneous or multilayer insulations containing organic materials.
Total Run Time 02:30:00
Manual Stop
Manual Stop + DD
Duration Sample
(h:m) (m:s)
Timed Run 02:30 00:10
Timed Run + DD
DAR (s/s) 30/60
PI (m/m) 1.0/10
MODE
Total Run Time 00:01:00
Manual Stop
Manual Stop + DD
Duration Sample
(h:m) (m:s)
Timed Run 02:30 00:10
Timed Run + DD
DAR (s/s) 30/60
PI (m/m) 1.0/10
MODE
Total Run Time 00:10:00
Manual Stop
Manual Stop + DD
Duration Sample
(h:m) (m:s)
Timed Run 02:30 00:10
Timed Run + DD
DAR (s/s) 30/60
PI (m/m) 1.0/10
MODE

12
What are the DAR (Dielectric Absorption Ratio) and the PI (Polarization Index)?
It is useful to calculate insulation quality ratios in addition to the quantitative insulation resistance value, because they can be
used to eliminate the influence of certain parameters likely to invalidate the “absolute” insulation measurement.
The most important of these parameters are:
temperature and relative humidity, with which insulation resistance varies according to a quasi-exponential law.
the disturbance currents (capacitive charging current, dielectric absorption current) created by the application of the test
voltage. Even though they gradually vanish, they perturb the measurement at the start, for a length of time that depends
on whether the insulation is in good condition or degraded.
These ratios complete the “absolute” insulation value, and reliably reflect whether the insulation is in good or poor condition.
In addition, changes in these ratios over time can be observed and used for predictive maintenance, e.g. to monitor the ageing
of the insulation of a population of rotating machines.
The DAR and PI ratios are calculated as follows:
PI = R 10 min / R 1 min (2 values to be noted during a 10-min measurement.)
DAR = R 1 min / R 30 sec(2 values to be noted during a 1-min measurement.)
Remark: Note that the times of 1 & 10 min for the calculation of PI and 30 & 60 seconds for the calculation of DAR are those
currently used and programmed as defaults in the instrument.
They can however be modified in SET-UP to adapt to a possible change in a standard or to the needs of a specific
application.
A capacitance in parallel to the insulation resistance extends the settling times of the measurements. This can affect
or even inhibit the measurement of DAR or PI (depending on the time set for recording the first resistance value). The
following table shows typical values for the capacitance in parallel to the insulation resistance at which a successful DAR
or PI measurement is still possible (at the default time for recording the first resistance value).
100 kΩ1 MΩ10 MΩ100 MΩ1 GΩ10 GΩ100 GΩ
50 V 40 µF 40 µF 20 µF 10 µF 1 µF 0 µF 0 µF
100 V 40 µF 40 µF 20 µF 10 µF 1 µF 0 µF 0 µF
500 V 20 µF 20 µF 10 µF 5 µF 2 µF 1 µF 1 µF
1000 V 5 µF 5 µF 5 µF 2 µF 2 µF 1 µF 1 µF
2500 V 2 µF 2 µF 2 µF 1 µF 0.5 µF 0 µF 0 µF
5000 V 1 µF 1 µF 1 µF 0,5 µF 0.5 µF 0 µF 0 µF
Interpretation of the results:
DAR PI Condition of insulation
< 1.25 < 1 Poor or even
dangerous
< 2
< 1.6 < 4 Good
> 1.6 > 4 Excellent
4.1.2. PRIMARY FUNCTION DURING THE MEASUREMENT
During the measurement, the first function of the MODE key is to select the Range of the current: automatic (default) or fixed.
Display range < 10 MΩ> 10 MΩGΩTΩ
Number 3211
Press the MODE key, then the ukey to select the Range, then the por key to modify it.
The choice of Range of current is validated by pressing the MODE key again. The choice remains active until the switch is turned.
In the Adj. Volt. position, the MODE key can be used to modify the voltage value during the measurement.

13
4.1.3. SECONDARY FUNCTION
The PRINT secondary function is described in § 6.3 (Printing of measured values).
4.2. DISPLAY / GRAPH KEY
4.2.1. PRIMARY FUNCTION DISPLAY
This key is used to browse through the various accessible screens containing all information available before, during or after the
measurement.
The screens vary depending on the mode selected before the measurement is started.
MANUAL STOP mode
Before the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY
Selected test voltage
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Date, time
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Voltage bargraph
During the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Elapsed test duration
Resistance bargraph
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Elapsed test duration
DAR, PI, capacitance
234.5 MΩ
507 V 224.6 pA
Elapsed Time 00:00:43
10 100 110 10 10
100 1100 1
kΩMΩGΩTΩ
234.5 MΩ
507 V 224.6 pA
Elapsed Time 00:00:43
DAR (30s/60s)
PI (1.0m/10m)
Capacitance
---
---
---
FIXED VOLTAGE
500 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
0.1 V AC
0.0 Hz
24.6 pA
Time: 15:32
0.1 V
0.0 Hz 24.6 pA
AC
V
0100 250 500 750 1000

14
After the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY 2nd press on DISPLAY
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Elapsed test duration
DAR, PI, capacitance
Selected test voltage
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Date, time
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Voltage bargraph
MANUAL STOP + DD mode
Before the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY
Selected test voltage
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Date, time
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Voltage bargraph
During the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Elapsed test duration
Resistance bargraph
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Elapsed test duration
DAR, PI, capacitance
Current (for the calculation of DD)
DD
FIXED VOLTAGE
500 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
0.1 V AC
0.0 Hz
24.6 pA
Time: 15:32
0.1 V
0.0 Hz 24.6 pA
AC
V
0100 250 500 750 1000
234.5 MΩ
507 V 224.6 pA
Elapsed Time 01:02:43
2.64
1.05
320 nF
DAR (30s/60s)
PI (1.0m/10m)
Capacitance
FIXED VOLTAGE
500 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
0.1 V AC
0.0 Hz
24.6 pA
Time: 15:31
0.1 V
0.0 Hz 24.6 pA
AC
V
0100 250 500 750 1000
234.5 MΩ
507 V 224.6 pA
Elapsed Time 00:00:43
10 100 110 10 10
100 1100 1
kΩMΩGΩTΩ
234.5 MΩ
507 V 224.6 pA
Elapsed Time 00:00:43
DAR (30s/60s)
PI (1.0m/10m)
Capacitance
DD current
DD
---
---
---
--- pA
---

15
After the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY 2nd press on DISPLAY
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Elapsed test duration
DAR, PI, capacitance
Current (for the calculation
of DD)
DD
Selected test voltage
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Date, time
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Voltage bargraph
TIMED RUN mode
Before the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY
Selected test voltage
Programmed test duration
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Date, time
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Voltage bargraph
During the measurement
234.5 MΩ
507 V 224.6 pA
Elapsed Time 00:22:43
DAR (30s/60s)
PI (1.0m/10m)
Capacitance
DD current
DD
2.24
1.56
220 nF
11.55 pA
2.55
FIXED VOLTAGE
500 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
0.1 V AC
0.0 Hz
24.6 pA
Time: 15:32
0.1 V
0.0 Hz 24.6 pA
AC
V
0100 250 500 750 1000
ADJUSTABLE VOLTAGE 2
2300 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
0.1 V AC
0.0 Hz
24.6 pA
Time: 15:32
Test Run Time 00:10:00
0.1 V
0.0 Hz 24.6 pA
AC
V
0100 250 500 750 1000
234.5 MΩ
2307 V 24.6 pA
Remaining Time 00:09:43
10 100 110 10 10
100 1100 1
kΩMΩGΩTΩ
234.5 MΩ
2307 V 24.6 pA
Remaining Time 00:09:43
DAR (30s/60s)
PI (1.0m/10m)
Capacitance
---
---
---

16
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Remaining test duration
Resistance bargraph
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Remaining test duration
DAR, PI, capacitance
After the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY 2nd press on DISPLAY
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Test duration
DAR, PI, capacitance
Selected test voltage
Programmed test duration
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Date, time
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Voltage bargraph
TIMED RUN + DD mode
Before the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY
Selected test voltage
Programmed test duration
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Date, time
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Voltage bargraph
ADJUSTABLE VOLTAGE 2
2300 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
0.1 V AC
0.0 Hz
24.6 pA
Time: 15:32
Test Run Time 00:10:00
DD
0.1 V
0.0 Hz 24.6 pA
AC
V
0100 250 500 750 1000
DD
234.5 MΩ
2307 V 24.6 pA
Elapsed Time 00:10:00
DAR (30s/60s)
PI (1.0m/10m)
Capacitance
2.64
1.05
320 nF
ADJUSTABLE VOLTAGE 2
2300 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
0.1 V AC
0.0 Hz
24.6 pA
Time: 15:32
Test Run Time 00:10:00
0.1 V
0.0 Hz 24.6 pA
AC
V
0100 250 500 750 1000

17
During the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Remaining test duration
Resistance bargraph
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Remaining test duration
DAR, PI, capacitance
Current (for the calculation
of DD)
DD
After the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY 2nd press on DISPLAY
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Test duration
DAR, PI, capacitance
Current (for the calculation
of DD)
DD
Selected test voltage
Programmed test duration
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Date, time
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Voltage bargraph
DAR mode
Before the measurement
234.5 MΩ
2307 V 224.6 pA
Elapsed Time 00:10:00
DAR (30s/60s)
PI (1.0m/10m)
Capacitance
DD current
DD
2.24
1.56
220 nF
11.55 pA
2.55
DD
0.1 V
0.0 Hz 24.6 pA
AC
V
0100 250 500 750 1000
DD
ADJUSTABLE VOLTAGE 2
2300 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
0.1 V AC
0.0 Hz
24.6 pA
Time: 15:32
Test Run Time 00:10:00
DD
234.5 MΩ
2307 V 24.6 pA
Remaining Time 00:09:43
10 100 110 10 10
100 1100 1
kΩMΩGΩTΩ
DD
234.5 MΩ
2307 V 24.6 pA
Remaining Time 00:09:43
DAR (30s/60s)
PI (1.0m/10m)
Capacitance
DD current
DD
---
---
---
--- pA
---
DD
FIXED VOLTAGE
500 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
0.1 V AC
0.0 Hz
24.6 pA
Time: 15:32
Test Run Time 00:01:00
DAR
0.1 V
0.0 Hz 24.6 pA
AC
V
0100 250 500 750 1000
DAR

18
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY
Selected test voltage
Programmed test duration
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Date, time
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Voltage bargraph
During the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Remaining test duration
Resistance bargraph
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Remaining test duration
DAR, PI, capacitance
After the measurement
Available information:
First screen Press on DISPLAY 2nd press on DISPLAY
Insulation resistance
Measured voltage
Measured current
Elapsed test duration
DAR, PI, capacitance
Selected test voltage
Programmed test duration
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Date, time
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current (DC only)
Voltage bargraph
PI mode
Same as DAR mode except:
PI instead of DAR at the top left of the display unit
Remaining Time = 10 min
After the measurement: display of DAR and PI.
234.5 MΩ
5007 V 24.6 pA
Remaining Time 00:00:43
10 100 110 10 10
100 1100 1
kΩMΩGΩTΩ
DAR
234.5 MΩ
5007 V 24.6 pA
Remaining Time 00:09:43
DAR (30s/60s)
PI (1.0m/10m)
Capacitance
---
---
---
DAR
234.5 MΩ
5007 V 224.6 pA
Elapsed Time 00:01:00
DAR (30s/60s)
PI (1.0m/10m)
Capacitance
2.24
---
220 nF
DAR
0.1 V
0.0 Hz 24.6 pA
AC
V
0100 250 500 750 1000
DAR
FIXED VOLTAGE
5000 V
Input voltage
Frequency
Input current
Date: 24.06.2008
0.1 V AC
0.0 Hz
24.6 pA
Time: 15:32
Test Run Time 00:01:00
DAR

19
4.2.2. GRAPH SECONDARY FUNCTION
This function is used to display the insulation resistance versus measurement time curve after a time-limited measurement (Timed
Run or Timed Run + DD).
This curve is plotted from the samples recorded during the measurement. The p, , uand keys can be used to move along
the curve to display the exact values of each sample.
4.3. / T° KEY
The T° secondary function can be used in two ways. One is to assign a Probe Temperature to an insulation resistance measurement,
the other to refer the resistance to a temperature different from the measurement temperature.
This makes it possible to observe the insulation resistance over time and judge its evolution under comparable temperature
conditions. This is because insulation resistance varies with temperature according to a quasi-exponential law.
As part of a maintenance program covering a population of motors, for example, it is important to perform periodic measurements
under similar temperature conditions. Otherwise, the results obtained must be corrected to refer them to a fixed reference
temperature. This function can do this.
Attention:
The T° function is not available in the Adjustable Step position.
If the result of the insulation resistance measurement is out of range (“<” or “>”) no temperature corrected resistance can be
calculated.
Procedure:
You have just made a measurement and have not yet stored it. Make sure that the result is not out of range, then enter the
T° mode by pressing 2nd then T°.
Enter the Probe Temperature at which you made the measurement (by default, the
instrument proposes the value set in SET-UP).
If you want to know the resistance of the probe at another temperature, set “Resistance
Correction” to “On” to perform the calculation.
The calculation is performed immediately and the result is displayed: Rc.
This indicates what the measurement result would have been at the reference temperature.
Use the p, , uand keys to modify the temperatures.
To assign this calculation (or only the Probe Temperature) to the measurement result, press
2nd + T° again (OK is then displayed).
Remarks:
During the procedure, pressing the DISPLAY key or turning the switch cancels the modifications.
If the coefficient ∆T used for the calculation is not known, the instrument can calculate it in advance, using at least 3 stored
measurements made at different temperatures (see § 4.5.3)
Detail concerning the calculation performed:
The insulation resistance varies with the measurement temperature.
This dependence can be approximated by an exponential function:
Rc = KT * RT
where Rc: insulation resistance at reference temperature.
RT: insulation resistance measured at T°C (Probe Temperature).
KT: coefficient at T°C defined as follows:
KT = (1/2) ^ ((Rc Reference Temperature - T) / ∆T)
with T: temperature at the time of the measurement (Probe Temperature)
∆T: temperature difference at which the insulation resistance is halved.
Rc Reference Temperature: temperature for which the temperature corrected resistance (Rc) is calculated.
MΩ
GRAPH
5078 V 2428.5 MΩ00:02:30
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0 0:30 1:00 1:30 2:30 3:00
TEMPERATURE
Probe Temperature
Resistance Correction
Rc Reference Temperature
∆T for R/2
23°C
On
40°C
10°C
R measured
Rc at 40°C
1.002 MΩ
309 kΩ

20
4.4. / SMOOTH KEY
The SMOOTH secondary function activates / deactivates an insulation measurement digital filter. It affects only the display (which
is smoothed), not the measurements.
This function is useful if the insulation values displayed are very unstable.
The filter is calculated as follows:
RSMOOTH = RSMOOTH + (R – RSMOOTH) / N
Since N is set to 20, the time constant of this filter is approximately 20 seconds.
4.5. SET-UP FUNCTION (INSTRUMENT CONFIGURATION)
This function, located on the rotary switch, can be used to change the configuration of the instrument by accessing directly the
parameters to be modified.
Turning the rotary switch to SET-UP gives you access to the menu of all modifiable parameters. Select
the parameter to be modified and its value using the p, , uand keys.
4.5.1. SET-UP MENU
Description of each instrument configuration parameter:
Display Contrast: modification of display unit contrast.
Default value Range
80 0 … 255
Attention: the display unit is no longer
legible above 130.
Alarm Settings: programming of measurement threshold values below which an audible alarm is triggered.
Default value Range
500 V
1000 V
2500 V
5000 V
Adj. Voltage 1
Adj. Voltage 2
Adj. Voltage 3
< 500 kΩ
< 1.0 MΩ
< 2.5 MΩ
< 5 MΩ
< 50 kΩ
< 100 kΩ
< 250 kΩ
30 kΩ… 2 TΩ
100 kΩ… 4 TΩ
300 kΩ… 10 TΩ
300 kΩ… 10 TΩ
10 kΩ… 10 TΩ
10 kΩ… 10 TΩ
10 kΩ… 10 TΩ
Note: to return to the SET-UP menu, press the DISPLAY key.
Adjustable Voltage 1, 2, 3: adjustable voltage: 3 different values can be predened.
Default value Range
Adjustable Voltage 1
Adjustable Voltage 2
Adjustable Voltage 3
50 V
100 V
250 V
40 … 5100 V
in steps of 10 V from 40 to 1000 V
in steps of 100 V from 1000 to 5100 V.
SET-UP
Display Contrast
Alarm Settings
Adjust Voltage 1
Adjust Voltage 2
Adjust Voltage 3
Timed Run (h:m)
Sample Time (m:s)
DAR (s/s)
80
50 V
100 V
250 V
0:10
0:10
30/60
Instr.Nr. 700016 SW Version 1.8
SET-UP
PI (m/m)
Set Step Function 1
Set Step Function 2
Set Step Function 3
Temperature Unit
Defaut Probe Temperature
Rc Reference Temperature
∆T for R/2
1.0/10
Celsius
23°C
40°C
10°C
Instr.Nr. 700016 SW Version 1.8
SET-UP
Calculate ∆T from Memory
Maximum Output Voltage
Set Defaut Parameter
Clear Memory
V Disturbance / V Output
Buzzer
Power Down
BaudRate
5100V
3%
On
On
9600 / RS 232
Instr.Nr. 700016 SW Version 1.8
SET-UP
Clear Memory
V Disturbance / V Output
Buzzer
Power Down
BaudRate
Units
Date (d.m.y)
Time (h:m)
3%
On
On
9600 / RS 232
Europe
27.04.2009
10:21
Instr.Nr. 700016 SW Version 1.8