Hameg Hm404-2.02 User manual

Instruments

HANDBUCH•MANUAL•MANUEL

Oscilloscope

HM404-2.02

ENGLISH

MANUAL•HANDBUCH•MANUEL

Subject to change without notice

Table of contents

St.210601-Hüb/tke

General information regarding the CE marking ............ 4

General Information ........................................................ 6

Symbols ......................................................................... 6

Use of tilt handle ............................................................ 6

Safety ............................................................................. 6

Intended purpose and operating conditions ................. 6

EMC ............................................................................... 7

Warranty......................................................................... 7

Maintenance .................................................................. 7

Protective Switch-Off .................................................... 7

Power supply ................................................................. 7

Type of signal voltage ..................................................... 8

Amplitude Measurements ............................................. 8

Total value of input voltage............................................ 9

Time Measurements ..................................................... 9

Connection of Test Signal ............................................ 10

Controls and Readout .................................................... 11

Menu ................................................................................ 20

First Time Operation ...................................................... 20

Trace Rotation TR ........................................................ 21

Probe compensation and use ...................................... 21

Adjustment at 1kHz ..................................................... 21

Adjustment at 1MHz ................................................... 21

Operating modes of the vertical

amplifiers in Yt mode. ................................................. 22

X-Y Operation ............................................................... 22

Phase comparison with Lissajous figures .................. 23

Phase difference measurement

in DUAL mode (Yt) ....................................................... 23

Phase difference measurement in DUAL mode ........ 23

Measurement of an amplitude modulation ................ 23

Triggering and time base .............................................. 24

Automatic Peak (value) -Triggering.............................. 24

Normal Triggering ......................................................... 24

SLOPE ................................................................... 25

Trigger coupling ............................................................ 25

Triggering of video signals ........................................... 25

Line triggering (~) ........................................................ 26

Alternate triggering ...................................................... 26

External triggering ........................................................ 26

Trigger indicator ”TR” .................................................. 27

HOLD OFF-time adjustment ....................................... 27

Delay / After Delay Triggering ..................................... 27

AUTO SET ....................................................................... 29

Mean Value Display ....................................................... 29

Component Tester .......................................................... 30

General ........................................................................ 30

Using the Component Tester ...................................... 30

Test Procedure ............................................................. 30

Test Pattern Displays ................................................... 30

Testing Resistors ......................................................... 30

Testing Capacitors and Inductors ................................ 30

Testing Semiconductors ............................................. 30

Testing Diodes ............................................................. 30

Testing Transistors ...................................................... 31

In-Circuit Tests ............................................................. 31

Adjustments.................................................................... 31

RS232 Interface - Remote Control ............................... 32

Safety ........................................................................... 32

Operation ..................................................................... 32

RS-232 Cable ............................................................... 32

RS-232 protocol ........................................................... 32

Baud-Rate Setting ........................................................ 32

Data Communication ................................................... 32

Front Panel HM404-2 ..................................................... 33

Oscilloscope

HM404-2.02

Subject to change without notice

General information regarding the CE marking

HAMEG instruments fulfill the regulations of the EMC directive. The conformity test made by HAMEG is based on the actual generic- and

product standards. In cases where different limit values are applicable, HAMEG applies the severer standard. For emission the limits for

residential, commercial and light industry are applied. Regarding the immunity (susceptibility) the limits for industrial environment have been

used.

The measuring- and data lines of the instrument have much influence on emmission and immunity and therefore on meeting the acceptance

limits. For different applications the lines and/or cables used may be different. For measurement operation the following hints and conditions

regarding emission and immunity should be observed:

1. Data cables

For the connection between instruments resp. their interfaces and external devices, (computer, printer etc.) sufficiently screened cables must

be used. Without a special instruction in the manual for a reduced cable length, the maximum cable length of a dataline must be less than 3

meters and not be used outside buildings. If an interface has several connectors only one connector must have a connection to a cable.

Basically interconnections must have a double screening. For IEEE-bus purposes the double screened cables HZ72S and HZ72L from HAMEG

are suitable.

2. Signal cables

Basically test leads for signal interconnection between test point and instrument should be as short as possible. Without instruction in the

manual for a shorter length, signal lines must be less than 3 meters and not be used outside buildings.

Signal lines must screened (coaxial cable - RG58/U). A proper ground connection is required. In combination with signal generators double

screened cables (RG223/U, RG214/U) must be used.

3. Influence on measuring instruments.

Under the presence of strong high frequency electric or magnetic fields, even with careful setup of the measuring equipment an influence of

such signals is unavoidable.

This will not cause damage or put the instrument out of operation. Small deviations of the measuring value (reading) exceeding the instruments

specifications may result from such conditions in individual cases.

4. RF immunity of oscilloscopes.

4.1 Electromagnetic RF field

The influence of electric and magnetic RF fields may become visible (e.g. RF superimposed), if the field intensity is high. In most cases the

coupling into the oscilloscope takes place via the device under test, mains/line supply, test leads, control cables and/or radiation. The device

under test as well as the oscilloscope may be effected by such fields.

Although the interior of the oscilloscope is screened by the cabinet, direct radiation can occur via the CRT gap. As the bandwidth of each

amplifier stage is higher than the total –3dB bandwidth of the oscilloscope, the influence RF fields of even higher frequencies may be noticeable.

4.2 Electrical fast transients / electrostatic discharge

Electrical fast transient signals (burst) may be coupled into the oscilloscope directly via the mains/line supply, or indirectly via test leads and/or

control cables. Due to the high trigger and input sensitivity of the oscilloscopes, such normally high signals may effect the trigger unit and/or

may become visible on the CRT, which is unavoidable. These effects can also be caused by direct or indirect electrostatic discharge.

HAMEG GmbH

KONFORMITÄTSERKLÄRUNG

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

DECLARATION DE CONFORMITE

Instruments

Herstellers HAMEG GmbH

Manufacturer Kelsterbacherstraße 15-19

Fabricant D - 60528 Frankfurt

Bezeichnung / Product name / Designation:

Oszilloskop/Oscilloscope/Oscilloscope

Typ / Type / Type: HM404-2

mit / with / avec: -

Optionen / Options / Options: -

mit den folgenden Bestimmungen / with applicable regulations / avec les

directives suivantes

EMV Richtlinie 89/336/EWG ergänzt durch 91/263/EWG, 92/31/EWG

EMC Directive 89/336/EEC amended by 91/263/EWG, 92/31/EEC

Directive EMC 89/336/CEE amendée par 91/263/EWG, 92/31/CEE

Niederspannungsrichtlinie 73/23/EWG ergänzt durch 93/68/EWG

Low-Voltage Equipment Directive 73/23/EEC amended by 93/68/EEC

Directive des equipements basse tension 73/23/CEE amendée par 93/68/CEE

Angewendete harmonisierte Normen / Harmonized standards applied / Normes

harmonisées utilisées

Sicherheit / Safety / Sécurité

EN 61010-1: 1993 / IEC (CEI) 1010-1: 1990 A 1: 1992 / VDE 0411: 1994

EN 61010-1/A2: 1995 / IEC 1010-1/A2: 1995 / VDE 0411 Teil 1/A1: 1996-05

Überspannungskategorie / Overvoltage category / Catégorie de surtension: II

Verschmutzungsgrad / Degree of pollution / Degré de pollution: 2

Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit / Electromagnetic compatibility

Compatibilité électromagnétique

EN 61326-1/A1

Störaussendung / Radiation / Emission: Tabelle / table / tableau 4, Klasse / Class

/ Classe B.

Störfestigkeit / Immunity / Imunitee: Tabelle / table / tableau A1.

EN 61000-3-2/A14

Oberschwingungsströme / Harmonic current emissions / Émissions de courant

harmonique:

Klasse / Class / Classe D.

EN 61000-3-3

Spannungsschwankungen u. Flicker / Voltage fluctuations and flicker /

Fluctuations de tension et du flicker.

Datum /Date /Date Unterschrift / Signature /Signatur

15.01.2001

E. Baumgartner

Technical Manager /Directeur Technique

Subject to change without notice

Accessories supplied: Line Cord, Operators Manual on CD-ROM, 2 Probes1:1/ 10:1

40MHz Analog-Oscilloscope HM404

-2

Autoset, Save / Recall, Readout / Cursor and RS-232 Interface

2 Channels, DC - 40MHz, 1mV - 20V/div., Component Tester

Triggering: DC to 100 MHz; Automatic Peak to Peak; ≤≤

≤≤

≤0,5div.

Time Base: 0.5 s/div. to 10 ns/div.; with Delay & 2nd Trigger.

Specifications

Vertical Deflection

Operating modes: Channel I or CH II separate,

Channel I and II: alternate or chopped

Chopper Frequency: approx. 0.5MHz

Sum or Difference: from Channel I and CH. II

Invert: CH II

XY-Mode: via CH I(X) and CH I(Y)

Frequency range: 2x DC to 40MHz (-3dB)

Overshoot: ≤1%. Risetime: <8.75ns

Deflection coefficient: 14 calibrated positions

from 1mV/div to 20V/div in 1-2-5 sequence,

with variable 2.5:1 up to 50V/div.

Accuracy in calibrated positions

1mV/div to 2mV/div: ±5% (DC - 10MHz (-3dB))

5mV/div to 20V/div: ±3%

Input impedance: 1MΩII 18pF

Input coupling: DC - AC - GD (ground)

Input voltage: max. 400V (DC + peak AC)

Triggering

Automatic (peak to peak): ≥0.5div.

Range: ≥20Hz-100MHz

Normal with level control:DC-100MHz≤ (0.5div.)

Indicator for trigger action: LED

Slope: positive or negative

Sources: CH I or II, line, external

ALT. Triggering: CHI / CHII (≥0.8div.)

Coupling: AC (10Hz-100MHz)

DC (0-100MHz)

HF (50kHz - 100MHz)

LF (0 - 1.5kHz)

2nd triggering: normal with level control

External: ≥0.3Vpp (0 – 100MHz)

Active TV Sync. Separator: field & line, +/ –

Horizontal Deflection

Time coefficients: 22 calibrated steps from

0.5s/div. - 50ns/div. (±3%) in 1-2-5 sequence

Variable 2.5:1 up to 1.25s/div.(uncal.)

X-MAG.x10: up to 10ns/div. ±5%

Delay: approx. 140ms - 200ns, variable

Hold-off time: variable to approx. 10:1

Bandwidth X-amplifier: 0-3MHz (-3dB)

Input X-amplifier:

via Channel I, Sensitivity see CH I

X-Y-phase shift: <3° below 120kHz.

Operation / Control

Manual (front panel switches)

Autoset (automatic parameter selection)

Save/Recall:

9user defined parameter settings

RS232: interface for remote control via a PC

Readout: Display of parameter settings

Cursor measurement: ∆V, ∆t or ∆1/t (frequ.)

Component Tester

Test voltage: approx. 7Vrms (open circuit)

Test current: max. 7mArms (short circuit)

Test frequency: approx.50Hz

One test lead is grounded (Safety Earth)

General Information

CRT: Screen (8x10cm) internal graticule

Acceleration voltage: approx 2000V

Trace rotation: adjustable on front panel

Z Input: (Intens. modulation), max. +5V (TTL)

Calibrator:

0,2V ±1%, ≈ 1kHz/1MHz (t

<4ns)

Line voltage: 100-240V AC ±10%, 50/60Hz

Power consumption:approx. 34 Watt at 50Hz

Min./Max. ambient temperature: 0°C...+40°C

Protective system: Safety class I (IEC1010-1)

Weight: approx. 5.6kg. Color: techno-brown

Cabinet: W 285, H 125, D 380 mm

Subject to change without notice. 06/98

Signals of 50 and 100 MHz, alternate mode,

display of cursors and frequency values.

TV burst signal in delay mode with 2. trigger.

The excellent user interface characteristics of the new HM404-2 oscilloscope are

comparable with high tech scopes. Supported by two microprocessors any front

panel input is executed in a fraction of a second. A selftest procedure checks all

relevant parameters of the device; the test results will be displayed on screen within

ten seconds after power on. Supported by an on screen menu adjustments can be

performed without opening the scope.

It is recommended to use the Autoset function if signals of lower complexity shall

be displayed. The scope’s logic circuitry performs all relevant parameter settings

automatically to optimize the presentation of the signal(s). Of course, any parameter

may be modified manually as required. Front panel settings (measurement parameters)

and selected features are alphanumerically displayed on the screen. The cursor

functions enable the user to analyze a signal while watching the numeric readout for

voltage difference, time difference, or frequency values. Another feature is the sto-

rage capability for nine complete parameter settings, which may be stored and recalled

randomly by pushing the according front panel key.

Because of its high performance characteristics of the broad band signal amplifiers

and its excellent trigger bandwidth the scope is capable to display 100 MHz signals.

A delayed time base combined with a second trigger circuit makes the HM404-2 an

ideal instrument for high-resolution analysis of expanded, asynchronous signals.

Furthermore, the built in component tester and the 1kHz/1MHz calibrator are standard

equipment for this class of HAMEG scopes.

The instrument may be remotely controlled by any personal computer via its built-

in serial interface. A CD-ROM supplied with the scope, contains the instrument

commands and programming examples.

Subject to change without notice

General Information

be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to retain

the oscilloscope in a safe condition.

The case, chassis and all measuring terminals are connected

to the protective earth contact of the appliance inlet. The

instrument operates according to Safety Class I (three-

conductor power cord with protective earthing conductor and

a plug with earthing contact).

The mains/line plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet

provided with a protective earth contact. The protective

action must not be negated by the use of an extension cord

without a protective conductor.

The mains/line plug must be inserted before connec-

tions are made to measuring circuits.

The grounded accessible metal parts (case, sockets, jacks)

and the mains/line supply contacts (line/live, neutral) of the

instrument have been tested against insulation breakdown

with 2200V DC.

Under certain conditions, 50Hz or 60Hz hum voltages can

occur in the measuring circuit due to the interconnection with

other mains/line powered equipment or instruments. This can

be avoided by using an isolation transformer (Safety Class II)

between the mains/line outlet and the power plug of the

device being investigated. Most cathode-ray tubes develop X-

rays. However, the dose equivalent rate falls far below the

maximum permissible value of 36pA/kg (0.5mR/h).

Whenever it is likely that protection has been impaired, the

instrument shall be made inoperative and be secured against

any unintended operation. The protection is likely to be

impaired if, for example, the instrument

• shows visible damage,

• fails to perform the intended measurements,

• has been subjected to prolonged storage under unfavorable

conditions (e.g. in the open or in moist environments),

• has been subject to severe transport stress (e.g. in poor

packaging).

Intended purpose and operating conditions

This instrument must be used only by qualified experts who

are aware of the risks of electrical measurement. The ins-

trument is specified for operation in industry, light industry,

commercial and residential environments.

Due to safety reasons the instrument must only be connected

to a properly installed power outlet, containing a protective

earth conductor. The protective earth connection must not be

broken. The power plug must be inserted in the power outlet

while any connection is made to the test device.

The instrument has been designed for indoor use. The

permissible ambient temperature range during operation is

+10°C (+50°F) ... +40°C (+104°F). It may occasionally be

subjected to temperatures between +10°C (+50°F) and -10°C

(+14°F) without degrading its safety. The permissible ambient

temperature range for storage or transportation is -40°C (-

40°F) ... +70°C (+158°F). The maximum operating altitude is

up to 2200m (non-operating 15000m). The maximum relative

humidity is up to 80%.

If condensed water exists in the instrument it should be

acclimatized before switching on. In some cases (e.g.

extremely cold oscilloscope) two hours should be allowed

General Information

This oscilloscope is easy to operate. The logical arrangement

of the controls allows anyone to quickly become familiar with

the operation of the instrument, however, experienced users

are also advised to read through these instructions so that all

functions are understood.

Immediately after unpacking, the instrument should be

checked for mechanical damage and loose parts in the interior.

If there is transport damage, the supplier must be informed

immediately. The instrument must then not be put into

operation.

Symbols

ATTENTION - refer to manual

Danger - High voltage

Protective ground (earth) terminal

Use of tilt handle

To view the screen from the best angle, there are three

different positions (C, D, E) for setting up the instrument. If

the instrument is set down on the floor after being carried,

the handle automatically remains in the upright carrying

position (A). In order to place the instrument onto a horizontal

surface, the handle should be turned to the upper side of the

oscilloscope (C). For the D position (10° inclination), the handle

should be turned to the opposite direction of the carrying

position until it locks in place automatically underneath the

instrument. For the E position (20° inclination), the handle

should be pulled to release it from the D position and swing

backwards until it locks once more. The handle may also be

set to a position for horizontal carrying by turning it to the

upper side to lock in the B position. At the same time, the

instrument must be lifted, because otherwise the handle will

jump back.

Safety

This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance

with IEC Publication 1010-1 (overvoltage category II, pollution

degree 2), Safety requirements for electrical equipment for

measurement, control, and laboratory use. The CENELEC

regulations EN 61010-1 correspond to this standard. It has

left the factory in a safe condition. This instruction manual

contains important information and warnings which have to

Subject to change without notice

on which the technical data are based. Purchase of the

HAMEG scope tester HZ60, which despite its low price is

highly suitable for tasks of this type, is very much

recommended. The exterior of the oscilloscope should be

cleaned regularly with a dusting brush. Dirt which is difficult

to remove on the casing and handle, the plastic and aluminum

parts, can be removed with a moistened cloth (99% water

+1% mild detergent). Spirit or washing benzene (petroleum

ether) can be used to remove greasy dirt. The screen may be

cleaned with water or washing benzene (but not with spirit

(alcohol) or solvents), it must then be wiped with a dry clean

lint-free cloth. Under no circumstances may the cleaning fluid

get into the instrument. The use of other cleaning agents can

attack the plastic and paint surfaces.

Protective Switch-Off

This instrument is equipped with a switch mode power

supply. It has both overvoltage and overload protection,

which will cause the switch mode supply to limit power

consumption to a minimum. In this case a ticking noise may

be heard.

Power supply

The oscilloscope operates on mains/line voltages between

100VAC and 240VAC. No means of switching to different

input voltages has therefore been provided.

The power input fuses are externally accessible. The fuseholder

is located above the 3-pole power connector. The power input

fuses are externally accessible, if the rubber connector is

removed. The fuseholder can be released by pressing its

plastic retainers with the aid of a small screwdriver. The

retainers are located on the right and left side of the holder and

must be pressed towards the center. The fuse(s) can then be

replaced and pressed in until locked on both sides.

Use of patched fuses or short-circuiting of the fuseholder is

not permissible; HAMEG assumes no liability whatsoever for

any damage caused as a result, and all warranty claims

become null and void.

Fuse type:

Size 5x20mm; 0.8A, 250V AC fuse;

must meet IEC specification 127,

Sheet III (or DIN 41 662

or DIN 41 571, sheet 3).

Time characteristic: time-lag (T).

Attention!

There is a fuse located inside the instrument within the

switch mode power supply:

Size 5x20mm; 0.8A, 250V AC fuse;

must meet IEC specification 127,

Sheet III (or DIN 41 662

or DIN 41 571, sheet 3).

Time characteristic: fast (F).

This fuse must not be replaced by the operator!

General Information

before the instrument is put into operation. The instrument

should be kept in a clean and dry room and must not be

operated in explosive, corrosive, dusty, or moist environments.

The oscilloscope can be operated in any position, but the

convection cooling must not be impaired. The ventilation

holes may not be covered. For continuous operation the

instrument should be used in the horizontal position, preferably

tilted upwards, resting on the tilt handle.

The specifications stating tolerances are only valid if

the instrument has warmed up for 30minutes at an

ambient temperature between +15°C (+59°F) and +30°C

(+86°F). Values without tolerances are typical for an

average instrument.

EMC

This instrument conforms to the European standards regarding

the electromagnetic compatibility. The applied standards are:

Generic immunity standard EN50082-2:1995 (for industrial

environment) Generic emission standard EN50081-1:1992 (

for residential, commercial and light industry environment).

This means that the instrument has been tested to the

highest standards.

Please note that under the influence of strong electromagnetic

fields, such signals may be superimposed on the measured

signals.

Under certain conditions this is unavoidable due to the

instrument’s high input sensitivity, high input impedance and

bandwidth. Shielded measuring cables, shielding and earthing

of the device under test may reduce or eliminate those

effects.

Warranty

HAMEG warrants to its Customers that the products it

manufactures and sells will be free from defects in materials

and workmanship for a period of 2 years. This warranty shall

not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper

use or inadequate maintenance and care. HAMEG shall not be

obliged to provide service under this warranty to repair

damage resulting from attempts by personnel other than

HAMEG representatives to install, repair, service or modify

these products.

In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customers

must contact and notify the distributor who has sold the

product. Each instrument is subjected to a quality test with 10

hour burn-in before leaving the production. Practically all early

failures are detected by this method. In the case of shipments

by post, rail or carrier the original packing must be used.

Transport damages and damage due to gross negligence are

not covered by the guarantee.

In the case of a complaint, a label should be attached to the

housing of the instrument which describes briefly the faults

observed. If at the same time the name and telephone

number (dialing code and telephone or direct number or

department designation) is stated for possible queries, this

helps towards speeding up the processing of guarantee

claims.

Maintenance

Various important properties of the oscilloscope should be

carefully checked at certain intervals. Only in this way is it

largely certain that all signals are displayed with the accuracy

Subject to change without notice

Type of signal voltage

The oscilloscope HM404-2 allows examination of DC voltages

and most repetitive signals in the frequency range up to at

least 40MHz (-3dB).

The vertical amplifiers have been designed for minimum

overshoot and therefore permit a true signal display.

The display of sinusoidal signals within the bandwidth limits

causes no problems, but an increasing error in measurement

due to gain reduction must be taken into account when

measuring high frequency signals. This error becomes

noticeable at approx. 14MHz. At approx. 18MHz the reduction

is approx. 10% and the real voltage value is 11% higher. The

gain reduction error can not be defined exactly as the -3dB

bandwidth of the amplifiers differ between 40MHz and

42MHz. For sinewave signals the -6dB limit is approx. 50MHz.

When examining square or pulse type waveforms, attention

must be paid to the harmonic content of such signals. The

repetition frequency (fundamental frequency) of the signal

must therefore be significantly smaller than the upper limit

frequency of the vertical amplifier.

Displaying composite signals can be difficult, especially if they

contain no repetitive higher amplitude content which can be

used for triggering. This is the case with bursts, for instance.

To obtain a well-triggered display in this case, the assistance

of the variable holdoff function or the delayed time base may

be required. Television video signals are relatively easy to

trigger using the built-in TV-Sync-Separator (TV).

For optional operation as a DC or AC voltage amplifier, each

vertical amplifier input is provided with a DC/AC switch. DC

coupling should only be used with a series-connected attenuator

probe or at very low frequencies or if the measurement of the

DC voltage content of the signal is absolutely necessary.

When displaying very low frequency pulses, the flat tops may

be sloping with AC coupling of the vertical amplifier (AC limit

frequency approx. 1.6 Hz for 3dB). In this case, DC operation

is preferred, provided the signal voltage is not superimposed on

a too high DC level. Otherwise a capacitor of adequate

capacitance must be connected to the input of the vertical

amplifier with DC coupling. This capacitor must have a sufficiently

high breakdown voltage rating. DC coupling is also

recommended for the display of logic and pulse signals,

especially if the pulse duty factor changes constantly. Otherwise

the display will move upwards or downwards at each change.

Pure direct voltages can only be measured with DC-coupling.

The input coupling is selectable by the AC/DC pushbutton.

The actual setting is displayed in the readout with the ”= ”

symbol for DC- and the ”~ ”symbol for AC coupling.

Amplitude Measurements

In general electrical engineering, alternating voltage data

normally refers to effective values (rms = root-mean-square

value). However, for signal magnitudes and voltage

designations in oscilloscope measurements, the peak-to-

peak voltage (Vpp) value is applied. The latter corresponds to

the real potential difference between the most positive and

most negative points of a signal waveform.

If a sinusoidal waveform, displayed on the oscilloscope screen,

is to be converted into an effective (rms) value, the resulting

peak-to-peak value must be divided by 2x√2 = 2.83. Conversely,

it should be observed that sinusoidal voltages indicated in

Vrms (Veff) have 2.83 times the potential difference in Vpp.

The relationship between the different voltage magnitudes

can be seen from the following figure.

Voltage values of a sine curve

Vrms = effective value; Vp= simple peak or crest value;

Vpp = peak-to-peak value; Vmom = momentary value.

The minimum signal voltage which must be applied to the Y

input for a trace of 1div height is 1mVpp (± 5%) when this

deflection coefficient is displayed on the screen (readout) and

the vernier is switched off (VAR-LED dark). However, smaller

signals than this may also be displayed. The deflection

coefficients are indicated in mV/div or V/div (peak-to-peak

value).

The magnitude of the applied voltage is ascertained by

multiplying the selected deflection coefficient by the vertical

display height in div. If an attenuator probe x10 is used, a

further multiplication by a factor of 10 is required to ascertain

the correct voltage value.

For exact amplitude measurements, the variable control

(VAR) must be set to its calibrated detent CAL position.

With the variable control activated the deflection sensitivity

can be reduced up to a ratio of 2.5 to 1 (please note ”controls

and readout”). Therefore any intermediate value is possible

within the 1-2-5 sequence of the attenuator(s).

With direct connection to the vertical input, signals up

to 400Vpp may be displayed (attenuator set to 20V/

div, variable control to 2.5:1).

With the designations

H = display height in div,

U = signal voltage in Vpp at the vertical input,

D = deflection coefficient in V/div at attenuator switch,

the required value can be calculated from the two given

quantities:

However, these three values are not freely selectable. They

have to be within the following limits (trigger threshold,

accuracy of reading):

H between 0.5 and 8div, if possible 3.2 to 8div,

U between 0.5mVpp and 160Vpp,

D between 1mV/div and 20V/div in 1-2-5 sequence.

Examples:

Set deflection coefficient D = 50mV/div 0.05V/div,

Subject to change without notice

Type of signal voltage

observed display height H = 4.6div,

required voltage U = 0.05x4.6 = 0.23Vpp.

Input voltage U = 5Vpp,

set deflection coefficient D = 1V/div,

required display height H = 5:1 = 5div.

Signal voltage U = 230Vrmsx2

√

2 = 651Vpp

(voltage > 160Vpp, with probe 10:1: U = 65.1Vpp),

desired display height H = min. 3.2div, max. 8div,

max. deflection coefficient D = 65.1:3.2 = 20.3V/div,

min. deflection coefficient D = 65.1:8 = 8.1V/div,

adjusted deflection coefficient D = 10V/div.

The previous examples are related to the CRT graticule

reading. The results can also be determined with the aid of the

DV cursor measurement (please note ”controls and

readout”).

The input voltage must not exceed 400V, independent from

the polarity.

If an AC voltage which is superimposed on a DC voltage is

applied, the maximum peak value of both voltages must not

exceed + or -400V. So for AC voltages with a mean value of

zero volt the maximum peak to peak value is 800Vpp.

If attenuator probes with higher limits are used, the

probes limits are valid only if the oscilloscope is set to

DC input coupling.

If DC voltages are applied under AC input coupling conditions

the oscilloscope maximum input voltage value remains 400V.

The attenuator consists of a resistor in the probe and the 1MΩ

input resistor of the oscilloscope, which are disabled by the

AC input coupling capacity when AC coupling is selected. This

also applies to DC voltages with superimposed AC voltages.

It also must be noted that due to the capacitive resistance of

the AC input coupling capacitor, the attenuation ratio depends

on the signal frequency. For sinewave signals with frequencies

higher than 40Hz this influence is negligible.

With the above listed exceptions HAMEG 10:1 probes can be

used for DC measurements up to 600V or AC voltages (with

a mean value of zero volt) of 1200Vpp. The 100:1 probe HZ53

allows for 1200V DC or 2400Vpp for AC.

It should be noted that its AC peak value is derated at higher

frequencies. If a normal x10 probe is used to measure high

voltages there is the risk that the compensation trimmer

bridging the attenuator series resistor will break down causing

damage to the input of the oscilloscope.

However, if for example only the residual ripple of a high

voltage is to be displayed on the oscilloscope, a normal x10

probe is sufficient. In this case, an appropriate high voltage

capacitor (approx. 22-68nF) must be connected in series with

the input tip of the probe.

With Y-POS. control (input coupling to GD) it is possible to use

a horizontal graticule line as reference line for ground potential

before the measurement. It can lie below or above the

horizontal central line according to whether positive and/or

negative deviations from the ground potential are to be

measured.

Total value of input voltage

The dotted line shows a voltage alternating at zero volt level. If

superimposed on a DC voltage, the addition of the positive peak

and the DC voltage results in the max. voltage (DC + ACpeak).

Time Measurements

As a rule, most signals to be displayed are periodically

repeating processes, also called periods. The number of

periods per second is the repetition frequency. Depending on

the time base setting (TIME/DIV.-knob) indicated by the

readout, one or several signal periods or only a part of a period

can be displayed. The time coefficients are stated in ms/div,

µs/div or ns/div. The following examples are related to the

CRT graticule reading. The results can also be determined

with the aid of the ∆T and 1/∆T cursor measurement (please

note ”controls and readout”).

The duration of a signal period or a part of it is determined by

multiplying the relevant time (horizontal distance in div) by the

(calibrated) time coefficient displayed in the readout.

Uncalibrated, the time base speed can be reduced until a

maximum factor of 2.5 is reached. Therefore any intermediate

value is possible within the 1-2-5 sequence.

With the designations

L = displayed wave length in div of one period,

T = time in seconds for one period,

F = recurrence frequency in Hz of the signal,

Tc = time coefficient in ms, µs or ns/div and the relation

F = 1/T, the following equations can be stated:

However, these four values are not freely selectable. They

have to be within the following limits:

L between 0.2 and 10div, if possible 4 to 10div,

T between 10ns and 5s,

F between 0.5Hz and 100MHz,

Tc between 100ns/div and 500ms/div in 1-2-5 sequence

(with X-MAG. (x10) inactive), and

Tc between 10ns/div and 50ms/div in 1-2-5 sequence (with X-

MAG. (x10) active).

Examples:

Displayed wavelength L = 7div,

set time coefficient Tc = 100ns/div,

required period T = 7x100x10-9 = 0.7µs

Subject to change without notice

Type of signal voltage

required rec. freq. F = 1:(0.7x10-6) = 1.428MHz.

Signal period T = 1s,

set time coefficient Tc = 0.2s/div,

required wavelength L = 1:0.2 = 5div.

Displayed ripple wavelength L = 1div,

set time coefficient Tc = 10ms/div,

required ripple freq. F = 1:(1x10x10-3) = 100Hz.

TV-Line frequency F = 15625Hz,

set time coefficient Tc = 10µs/div,

required wavelength L = 1:(15 625x10-5) = 6.4div.

Sine wavelength L = min. 4div, max. 10div,

Frequency F = 1kHz,

max. time coefficient Tc = 1:(4x103) = 0.25ms/div,

min. time coefficient Tc = 1:(10x103) = 0.1ms/div,

set time coefficient Tc = 0.2ms/div,

required wavelength L = 1:(103x0.2x10-3) = 5div.

Displayed wavelength L = 0.8div,

set time coefficient Tc = 0.5µs/div,

pressed X-MAG. (x10) button: Tc = 0.05µs/div,

required rec. freq. F = 1:(0.8x0.05x10-6) = 25MHz,

required period T = 1:(25x106) = 40ns.

If the time is relatively short as compared with the complete

signal period, an expanded time scale should always be applied

(X-MAG. (x10) active). In this case, the time interval of interest

can be shifted to the screen center using the X-POS. control.

When investigating pulse or square waveforms, the critical

feature is the risetime of the voltage step. To ensure that

transients, ramp-offs, and bandwidth limits do not unduly

influence the measuring accuracy, the risetime is generally

measured between 10% and 90% of the vertical pulse height.

For measurement, adjust the Y deflection coefficient using its

variable function (uncalibrated) together with the Y-POS.

control so that the pulse height is precisely aligned with the

0% and 100% lines of the internal graticule. The 10% and

90% points of the signal will now coincide with the 10% and

90% graticule lines. The risetime is given by the product of the

horizontal distance in div between these two coincident

points and the calibrated time coefficient setting. The fall time

of a pulse can also be measured by using this method.

The following figure shows correct positioning of the

oscilloscope trace for accurate risetime measurement.

With a time coefficient of 10ns/div (X x10 magnification

active), the example shown in the above figure results in a

total measured risetime of

ttot = 1.6div x 10ns/div = 16ns

When very fast risetimes are being measured, the risetimes

of the oscilloscope amplifier and of the attenuator probe has

to be deducted from the measured time value. The risetime

of the signal can be calculated using the following formula.

tr= √ttot2- tosc2- tp2

In this ttot is the total measured risetime, tosc is the risetime

of the oscilloscope amplifier (approx. 8.75ns), and tpthe

risetime of the probe (e.g. = 2ns). If ttot is greater than 100ns,

then ttot can be taken as the risetime of the pulse, and

calculation is unnecessary.

Calculation of the example in the figure above results in a

signal risetime:

tr = √162- 8.752- 22 = 13.25ns

The measurement of the rise or fall time is not limited to the

trace dimensions shown in the above diagram. It is only

particularly simple in this way. In principle it is possible to

measure in any display position and at any signal amplitude.

It is only important that the full height of the signal edge of

interest is visible in its full length at not too great steepness

and that the horizontal distance at 10% and 90% of the

amplitude is measured. If the edge shows rounding or

overshooting, the 100% should not be related to the peak

values but to the mean pulse heights. Breaks or peaks

(glitches) next to the edge are also not taken into account.

With very severe transient distortions, the rise and fall time

measurement has little meaning. For amplifiers with

approximately constant group delay (therefore good pulse

transmission performance) the following numerical relationship

between rise time tr (in ns) and bandwidth B (in MHz) applies:

Connection of Test Signal

In most cases briefly depressing the AUTO SET causes a

useful signal related instrument setting. The following

explanations refer to special applications and/or signals,

demanding a manual instrument setting. The description of

the controls is explained in the section ”controls and

readout”.

Caution:

When connecting unknown signals to the oscilloscope

input, always use automatic triggering and set the

input coupling switch to AC (readout). The attenuator

should initially be set to 20V/div.

Sometimes the trace will disappear after an input signal has

been applied. Then a higher deflection coefficient (lower input

sensitivity) must be chosen until the vertical signal height is

only 3-8div. With a signal amplitude greater than 160Vpp and

the deflection coefficient (VOLTS/DIV.) in calibrated condition,

an attenuator probe must be inserted before the vertical

input. If, after applying the signal, the trace is nearly blanked,

the period of the signal is probably substantially longer than

the set time deflection coefficient (TIME/DIV.). It should be

switched to an adequately larger time coefficient.

The signal to be displayed can be connected directly to the Y-

input of the oscilloscope with a shielded test cable such as

HZ32 or HZ34, or reduced through a x10 or x100 attenuator

probe. The use of test cables with high impedance circuits is

only recommended for relatively low frequencies (up to

approx. 50kHz). For higher frequencies, the signal source

must be of low impedance, i.e. matched to the characteristic

resistance of the cable (as a rule 50Ω). Especially when

transmitting square and pulse signals, a resistor equal to the

characteristic impedance of the cable must also be connected

across the cable directly at the Y-input of the oscilloscope.

Subject to change without notice

They should be as short and thick as possible. When the

attenuator probe is connected to a BNC-socket, a BNC-

adapter, should be used. In this way ground and matching

problems are eliminated. Hum or interference appearing in

the measuring circuit (especially when a small deflection

coefficient is used) is possibly caused by multiple grounding

because equalizing currents can flow in the shielding of the

test cables (voltage drop between the protective conductor

connections, caused by external equipment connected to the

mains/line, e.g. signal generators with interference protection

capacitors).

Controls and Readout

The following description assumes that the operating

mode ”COMPONENT TEST”is switched off.

All important measuring parameter settings are display-

ed in the screen Readout when the oscilloscope is on.

The LED indicators on the large front panel facilitate operation

and provide additional information. Electrical end positions of

controls are indicated by acoustic signal (beep).

All controls, except the power switch (POWER), the calibration

frequency pushbutton (CAL. 1kHz/1MHz), the FOCUScontrol

and the trace rotation control, are electronically set and

interrogated. Thus, all electronically set functions and their

current settings can be stored and also remotely controlled.

The large front panel is, as is usual with Hameg oscilloscopes,

marked with several fields.

The following controls and LED indicators are located

on the top, to the right of the screen, above the horizon-

tal line:

(1) POWER

Pushbutton and symbols for ON (I) and OFF (O).

After the oscilloscope is switched on, all LEDs are lit and

an automated instrument test is performed. During this

time the HAMEG logo and the software version are

displayed on the screen. After the internal test is

completed succesfully, the overlay is switched off and

the normal operation mode is present. Then the last used

settings become activated and one LED indicates the

ON condition.

(2) AUTO SET

Briefly depressing this pushbutton results in an automatic

instrument setting automatically selecting Yt mode. The

instrument is set to the last used Yt mode setting (CH I,

CH II or DUAL). SEARCH (SEA) and DELAY (DEL and

DTR) mode is automatically switched off. Please note

”AUTO SET”.

Automatic CURSOR supported voltage measurement:

If CURSORvoltage measurement is present, the CURSOR

lines are automatically set to the positive and negative

peak value of the signal. The accuracy of this function

decreases with higher frequencies and is also influenced

Controls and Readout

When using a 50Ωcable such as the HZ34, a 50Ωthrough

termination type HZ22 is available from HAMEG. When

transmitting square signals with short rise times, transient

phenomena on the edges and top of the signal may become

visible if the correct termination is not used. A terminating

resistance is sometimes recommended with sine signals as

well. Certain amplifiers, generators or their attenuators maintain

the nominal output voltage independent of frequency only if

their connection cable is terminated with the prescribed

resistance. Here it must be noted that the terminating resistor

HZ22 will only dissipate a maximum of 2Watts. This power is

reached with 10Vrms or at 28.3Vpp with sine signal. If a x10

or x100 attenuator probe is used, no termination is necessary.

In this case, the connecting cable is matched directly to the high

impedance input of the oscilloscope. When using attenuators

probes, even high internal impedance sources are only slightly

loaded (approx. 10MΩII 12pF or 100MΩII 5pF with HZ53).

Therefore, if the voltage loss due to the attenuation of the

probe can be compensated by a higher amplitude setting, the

probe should always be used. The series impedance of the

probe provides a certain amount of protection for the input of

the vertical amplifier. Because of their separate manufacture,

all attenuator probes are only partially compensated, therefore

accurate compensation must be performed on the oscilloscope

(see Probe compensation ).

Standard attenuator probes on the oscilloscope normally

reduce its bandwidth and increase the rise time. In all cases

where the oscilloscope bandwidth must be fully utilized (e.g.

for pulses with steep edges) we strongly advise using the

probes HZ51 (x10) HZ52 (x10 HF) and HZ54 (x1 and x10). This

can save the purchase of an oscilloscope with larger bandwidth.

The probes mentioned have a HF-calibration in addition to low

frequency calibration adjustment. Thus a group delay correction

to the upper limit frequency of the oscilloscope is possible

with the aid of an 1MHz calibrator, e.g. HZ60.

In fact the bandwidth and rise time of the oscilloscope are not

noticably changed with these probe types and the waveform

reproduction fidelity can even be improved because the probe

can be matched to the oscilloscopes individual pulse response.

If a x10 or x100 attenuator probe is used, DC input

coupling must always be used at voltages above 400V.

With AC coupling of low frequency signals, the attenu-

ation is no longer independent of frequency, pulses

can show pulse tilts. Direct voltages are suppressed

but load the oscilloscope input coupling capacitor

concerned. Its voltage rating is max. 400 V (DC + peak

AC). DC input coupling is therefore of quite special

importance with a x100 attenuation probe which usu-

ally has a voltage rating of max. 1200 V (DC + peak AC).

A capacitor of corresponding capacitance and voltage

rating may be connected in series with the attenuator

probe input for blocking DC voltage (e.g. for hum

voltage measurement).

With all attenuator probes, the maximum AC input voltage

must be derated with frequency usually above 20kHz.

Therefore the derating curve of the attenuator probe type

concerned must be taken into account.

The selection of the ground point on the test object is

important when displaying small signal voltages. It should

always be as close as possible to the measuring point. If this

is not done, serious signal distortion may result from spurious

currents through the ground leads or chassis parts. The

ground leads on attenuator probes are also particularly critical.

Subject to change without notice

can be used by the operator to save instrument settings

and to recall them. This relates to all settings with the

exception of FOCUS, TR (trace rotation) and the calibrator

frequency pushbutton.

SAVE:

Press the SAVE pushbutton briefly to start the save

procedure. The readout then indicates the letter ”S”

followed by a cipher between 1 and 9, indicating the

memory location. If the instrument settings stored in this

memory location must not be overwritten, briefly press

the SAVE or the RECALL pushbutton to select another

memory location. Each time the SAVE pushbutton is

briefly pressed the memory location cipher increases until

the location number 9 is reached. The RECALL

pushbutton function is similar but decreases the memory

location cipher until 1 is reached. Press and hold SAVE

for approx. 3 seconds to write the instruments settings

in the memory.

RECALL:

To recall a front panel setup, start that procedure by briefly

pressing the RECALL pushbutton. The readout then

indicates the letter ”R”and the memory location number.

If required, select a different memory location as

described above. Recall the settings by pressing and

holding the RECALL pushbutton for approx. 3 seconds.

Attention:

Make sure that the signal to be displayed is similar to

the one that was present when the settings were

stored. If the signal is different (frequency, amplitude)

to the one during storage then a distorted display may

result.

If the SAVE or the RECALL pushbutton was depressed

inadvertently, briefly press both pushbuttons at the same

time or wait approx. 10 seconds without pressing either

pushbutton to exit that function.

Switching the instrument off automatically stores the actual

settings in memory location 9, with the effect that different

settings previously stored in this location get lost. To prevent

this, RECALL 9 before switching the instrument off.

Attention!

Both pushbuttons have a second function if the instru-

ment is switched to menu operation. Please note

”MENU”.

The setting controls and LED’s for the Y amplifiers,

modes, triggering and time base are located under-

neath the sector of the front panel described before.

(8) Y-POS. I - Control knob.

The vertical trace position of channel I can be set with

this control knob. In ADD (addition) mode both (Y-POS. I

and Y-POS. II) control knobs are active. If the instrument

is set to XY mode this control knob is inactive and the

X-POS. knob must be used for a horizontal position shift.

DC voltage measurement:

If no signal is applied at the INPUT CHI (26), the vertical

trace position represents 0 Volt. This is the case if INPUT

CHI (26) or in addition (ADD) mode, both INPUT CHI (26)

and INPUT CHII (30), are set to GD (ground) and automatic

triggering (AT (10)) is present to make the trace visible.

The trace then can be set to vertical position which is

suited for the following DC voltage measurement.

Controls and Readout

by the signal‘s pulse duty factor.

In DUAL mode the CURSOR lines are related to the signal

which is used for internal triggering.

If the signal height is insufficient, the CURSOR lines do

not change.

(3) RM

The remote control mode can be switched on or off

(”RM”LED dark) via the RS232 interface. On condition

that the ”RM”LED is lit, all electronically selectable con-

trols on front panel are inactive. This state can be left by

depressing the AUTO SET pushbutton provided it was

not deactivated via the interface.

(4) INTENS - READOUT

Knob with associated pushbutton and LEDs.

This control knob is for adjusting the A trace and readout

intensity. Turning this knob clockwise increases and

turning it counterclockwise decreases the intensity.

The READOUT pushbutton below is for selecting the

function in two ways.

If the readout (RO) is not switched off, briefly pressing

the READOUT pushbutton switches over the INTENS

knob function indicated by a LED in the sequence:

Yt (time base) mode: A - RO - A

XY mode: A - RO - A.

Component Test: A - RO - A.

Pressing and holding the READOUT pushbutton switches

the readout on or off. In readout off condition the INTENS

knob function can consequently not be set to RO.

Switching the readout off, may be required if interference

is visible on the signal(s). Such interference may also

originate from the chopper generator if the instrument is

operated in chopped DUAL mode.

With the exception of the letters ”CT”all other READOUT

information is switched off in COMPONENT TEST mode.

All INTENS settings are stored after the instrument is

switched off.

The AUTOSET function switches the readout on. The

INTENS setting for each function is automatically set to

the mean value, if less intensity was previously selected.

(5) TR

The trace rotation control can be adjusted with a small

screwdriver (please note ”trace rotation TR”)

(6) FOCUS

This control knob effects both the trace and the readout

sharpness.

(7) SAVE / RECALL

The instrument contains 9 non volatile memories. These

Subject to change without notice

Controls and Readout

After switching GD (ground) off and selecting DC input

coupling, a DC signal applied at the input changes the

trace position in vertical direction. The DC voltage then

can be determined by taking the deflection coefficient,

the probe factor and the trace position change in respect

to the previous 0 Volt position into account.

”0 Volt”Symbol:

The determination of the ”0 Volt”position is not necessary

if the readout is switched on and the software setting

”DC Ref. = ON”is selected in the ”SETUP”submenu

”Miscellaneous”. Then the ”⊥⊥

⊥⊥

⊥”symbol to the left of the

screen‘s vertical center line always indicates the ”0 Volt”

trace position in CHI and DUAL mode.

The ”0 Volt”position symbol (⊥⊥

⊥⊥

⊥)will not be displayed in

XY and ADD (addition) mode.

(9) Y-POS. II - Control knob.

The vertical trace position of channel II can be set with

this control knob. In ADD (addition) mode both (Y-POS. I

and Y-POS. II) control knobs are active.

DC voltage measurement:

If no signal is applied at the INPUT CHII (30), the vertical

trace position represents 0 Volt. This is the case if INPUT

CHII (30) or in addition (ADD) mode, both INPUT CHI (26)

and INPUT CHII (30), are set to GD (ground) and automatic

triggering (AT (10)) is present to make the trace visible.

The trace then can be set to vertical position which is

suited for the following DC voltage measurement.

After switching GD (ground) off and selecting DC input

coupling, a DC signal applied at the input changes the

trace position in vertical direction. The DC voltage then

can be determined by taking the deflection coefficient,

the probe factor and the trace position change in respect

to the previous 0 Volt position into account.

”0 Volt”Symbol:

The determination of the ”0 Volt”position is not necessary

if the readout is switched on and the software setting

”DC Ref. = ON”is selected in the ”SETUP”submenu

”Miscellaneous”. Then the ”⊥⊥

⊥⊥

⊥”symbol to the right of

the screen‘s vertical center line always indicates the ”0

Volt”trace position in CHI and DUAL mode.

The ”0 Volt”position symbol (⊥⊥

⊥⊥

⊥) will not be displayed in

XY and ADD (addition) mode.

(10) NM - AT -

Pushbutton with a double function and associated NM-

LED.

NM - AT selection:

Press and hold the pushbutton to switch over from

automatic (peak value) to normal triggering (NM-LED

above the pushbutton lit) and vice versa. If the LED is

dark, automatic (peak value) triggering is selected.

Whether the peak value detection in automatic trigger

mode is automatically activated or not, depends on the

trigger coupling setting (TRIG.MODE). The way the

trigger point symbol in the readout responds on different

LEVEL control knob settings indicates the situation:

1. If the trigger symbol can not be shifted in the vertical

direction when a signal is not applied or the signal

height is not sufficient, the peak value detection is

active.

2. Under the condition that the trigger point symbol

cannot be shifted in such a way that it leaves the signal

display on the screen, the peak value detection is

active.

3. The peak value detection is switched off if the trigger

point can be set outside the maximum peak values of

the signal, thus causing an untriggered signal display.

Slope selection:

Briefly pressing this pushbutton selects which slope of

the signal is used for triggering the time base generator.

Each time this pushbutton is briefly pressed, the slope

direction switches from falling edge to rising edge and

vice versa.

The current setting is displayed in the readout by a slope

symbol. The last setting in undelayed time base mode is

stored and still active if triggered DELAY (DTR) time base

mode is selected. This allows for a different slope setting

for the triggered DELAY (DTR) time base mode.

(11)TR - Trigger indicator LED.

The TR LED is lit in Yt mode if the triggering conditions

are met. Whether the LED flashes or is lit constantly

depends on the frequency of the trigger signal.

(12)LEVEL - Control knob.

Turning the LEVEL knob causes a different trigger point

setting (voltage). The trigger unit starts the time base

when the edge of a trigger signal crosses the trigger

point. In most Yt modes the trigger point is displayed in

the readout by the symbol on the left vertical graticule

line. If the trigger point symbol would overwrite other

readout information or would be invisible when being

set above or below the screen, the symbol changes

and an arrow indicates in which vertical direction the

trigger point has left the screen.

The trigger point symbol is automatically switched off

in those modes where there is no direct relation

between the trigger signal and the displayed signal. The

last setting in undelayed time base mode is stored and

still active if triggered DELAY (DTR) time base mode is

selected.

This allows for a different level setting for the triggered

DELAY (DTR) time base mode.

(13) X-POS. - Control knob.

This control knob enables an X position shift of the

signal(s) in Yt and XY mode. In combination with X

magnification x10 (Yt mode) this function makes it

possible to shift any part of the signal on the screen.

Subject to change without notice

Controls and Readout

(14) X-MAG. x10 - Pushbutton and LED.

Each time this pushbutton is pressed the x10 LED located

above is switched on or off. If the x10 LED is lit, the

signal display in all Yt (time base) modes is expanded 10

fold and consequently only a tenth part of the signal curve

is visible. The interesting part of the signal can be made

visible with aid of the X-POS. (13) control. As the X

expansion results in a higher time base speed (lower time

deflection coefficient), all time and frequency relevant

information in the readout is switched over.

Please note!

The expansion is 5 fold if the time base is set to 50ns/

div. Consequently the lowest time deflection coeffi-

cient is 10ns/div.

This pushbutton is not operative in XY mode.

(15) VOLTS/DIV.

This control knob for channel I has a double function.

The following description relates to the input attenuator

function (VAR-LED dark).

Turning the control knob clockwise increases the sensi-

tivity (decreases the deflection coefficient) in a 1-2-5

sequence and decreases the sensitivity (increases the

deflection coefficient) if turned in the opposite direction

(ccw.). The available range is from 1mV/div up to 20V/

div. The knob is automatically switched inactive if the

channel related to it is switched off, or if the input coupling

is set to GD (ground).

The deflection coefficients and additional information

regarding the active channel(s) are displayed in the

readout, e.g. ”Y1: deflection coefficient, input coup-

ling”. The ”:”symbolizes calibrated measuring conditions

and is replaced by the ”>”symbol in uncalibrated con-

ditions.

(16) CH I - VAR. - Pushbutton with several functions.

CH I mode:

Briefly pressing the CHI button sets the instrument to

channel I (Mono CH I) mode. The deflection coefficient

displayed in the readout indicates the current conditions

(”Y1...”). If neither external nor line (mains) triggering

was active, the internal trigger source automatically

switches over to channel I (TRIG.-LED (18) CHI lits).

The last function setting of the VOLTS/DIV (15) knob

remains unchanged.

All channel I related controls are active if the input (26)

is not set to GD (28).

VAR.:

Pressing and holding this pushbutton selects the VOLTS/

DIV. (15) control knob function between attenuator and

vernier (variable). The current setting is displayed by the

VAR-LED located above the knob.

After switching the VAR-LED (15) on, the deflection

coefficient is still calibrated. Turning the VOLTS/DIV. (15)

control knob counter clockwise reduces the signal height

and the deflection coefficient becomes uncalibrated.

The readout then displays e.g. ”Y1>...”indicating the

uncalibrated condition instead of ”Y1:...”. Pressing and

holding the CHI pushbutton again switches the LED off,

sets the deflection coefficient into calibrated condition

and activates the attenuator function. The previous

vernier setting will not be stored.

The CHI pushbutton can also be pressed simultaneously

with the DUAL(17) button. Please note item (17).

(17) DUAL - XY - Pushbutton with multiple functions.

DUAL mode:

Briefly pressing this button switches over to DUAL

mode. Both deflection coefficients are then displayed.

The previous trigger setting stays as it was, but can be

changed.

All controls related to both channels are active, if the

inputs (26) and (30) are not set to GD (28) (32).

Whether alternated or chopped channel switching is

present depends on the actual time base setting, and is

displayed in the readout.

ALT:

displayed in the readout, indicates alternate channel

switching. After each time base sweep the instrument

internally switches over from channel I to channel II and

vice versa. This channel switching mode is automatically

selected if any time coefficient from 200µs/div to 50ns/

div is active.

CHP:

indicates chopper mode, whereby the channel switching

occurs constantly between channel I and II during each

sweep. This channel switching mode occurs when any

time base setting between 500ms/div and 500µs/div has

been chosen.

The actual channel switching can be changed to the

opposite mode by briefly pressing both CHI (16) and

DUAL (17) simultaneously. If afterwards the time

coefficient is changed, the channel switching is

automatically set to the time coefficient related mode.

ADD mode:

Addition mode can be selected by briefly pressing the

DUAL (17) and CHII (20) buttons simultaneously.

Whether the algebraic sum (addition) or the difference

(subtraction) of both input signals is displayed, depends

on the phase relationship and the INV (32) setting. As a

result both signals are displayed as one signal. For correct

measurements the deflection coefficients for both

channels must be equal.

Subject to change without notice

Controls and Readout

Please note ”Operating modes of the vertical amplifiers

in Yt mode”.

The readout indicates this mode by a ”+”sign located

between both channel deflection coefficients. While the

trigger mode is not affected, the trigger point symbol is

switched off.

The Y-position of the signal can be influenced by both Y-

POS controls (8) and (9).

XY mode:

This mode can be switched on or off by pressing and

holding the DUAL button (17).

In XY mode the deflection coefficients are displayed as

”Y...”for channel I and ”X...”for channel II, followed by

”XY”. Except the cursor lines which may be active, all

other readout information including the trigger point

symbol are switched off. In addition to all trigger and

time base related controls, the Y-POS. II (9) knob and

INV (32) button are deactivated. For X position alteration,

the X-POS. (13) knob can be used.

(18) TRIG.

Pushbutton with double function for trigger source

selection and associated LEDs.

The button and the LEDs are deactivated if line (mains)

triggering is selected or XY operation is chosen.

With the aid of this button, the trigger source can be

chosen. There are three trigger sources available:

channel I,channel II (both designated as internal trigger

sources) and the TRIG. EXT. (33) input for external trig-

gering.

The availability of the internal sources depends on the

actual channel mode. The actual setting is indicated by

the associated LED(s).

Briefly pressing the button switches over in the following

sequence:

I - II - EXT - I in DUAL and ADD (addition) mode,

I - EXT - I if mono channel I is present,

II - EXT - II under mono channel II conditions.

Each condition is indicated by the associated LED. The

trigger point symbol is switched off in external trigger

condition.

ALT:

Pressing and holding the button selects alternate

triggering in DUAL mode. Under these conditions both

I and II LEDs are lit. As alternate triggering requires

alternate channel operation, alternate channel switching

is set automatically. A change of the time coefficient then

has no affect regarding the channel switching mode. In

addition to the deflection coefficients display, ”ALT”is

displayed by the readout instead of ”CHP”.

In alternate trigger mode the trigger point symbol is

switched off.

Alternate triggering is not available or automatically

switched off under the following conditions:

ADD (addition) mode,

search (SEA),

delayed (DEL and DTR) time base mode,

TVL,TVF and line (mains) trigger coupling.

(19) VOLTS/DIV.

This control knob for channel II has a double function.

The following description relates to the input attenuator

function (VAR LED dark).

Turning the control knob clockwise increases the

sensitivity (decreases the deflection coefficient) in a 1-2-

5 sequence and decreases the sensitivity (increases the

deflection coefficient) if turned in the opposite direction

(ccw.). The available range is from 1mV/div up to 20V/

div. The knob is automatically switched inactive if the

channel related to it is switched off, or if the input coupling

is set to GD (ground).

The deflection coefficients and additional information

regarding the active channels are displayed in the readout,

e.g. ”Y2: deflection coefficient, input coupling”. The

”:”symbolizes calibrated measuring conditions and is

replaced by the ”>”symbol in uncalibrated conditions.

(20) CH II - VAR. - Pushbutton with several functions.

CH II mode:

Briefly pressing the button sets the instrument to

channel II (Mono CH II) mode. The deflection coefficient

displayed in the readout indicates the current conditions

(”Y2...”). If neither external nor line (mains) triggering

was active, the internal trigger source automatically

switches over to channel II (TRIG.-LED (18) CHII lits).

The last function setting of the VOLTS/DIV (19) knob

remains unchanged.

All channel related controls are active if the input (30) is

not set to GD (32).

VAR.:

Pressing and holding this pushbutton selects the VOLTS/

DIV. (19) control knob function between attenuator and

vernier (variable). The current setting is displayed by the

VAR-LED located above the knob.

After switching the VAR-LED (19) on, the deflection

coefficient is still calibrated. Turning the VOLTS/DIV. (19)

control knob counter clockwise reduces the signal height

and the deflection coefficient becomes uncalibrated.

The readout then displays ”Y2>...”indicating the uncali-

brated condition instead of ”Y2:...”. Pressing and holding

the CHII pushbutton again switches the LED off, sets

the deflection coefficient into calibrated condition and

activates the attenuator function. The previous vernier

Subject to change without notice

Controls and Readout

setting will not be stored.

The CHII pushbutton can also be pressed simultaneously

with the DUAL (17) button. Please note item (17).

(21) TRIG. MODE - Pushbuttons and indicator LEDs.

Pressing the upper or lower button selects the trigger

coupling. The actual setting is indicated by a TRIG.-LED

(18).

Each time the lower TRIG. MODE pushbutton is pressed

the trigger coupling changes in the sequence:

AC DC content suppressed,

DC peak value detection inactive,

HF high-pass filter cuts off frequencies below

approx. 50kHz, trigger point symbol switched off

LF low-pass filter cuts off frequencies above

approx. 1.5kHz,

TVL TV signal, line pulse triggering,

trigger point symbol switched off,

TVF TV signal, frame pulse triggering,

trigger point symbol switched off.

~line/mains triggering, trigger point symbol

and TRIG. LED (18) are switched off.

In some trigger modes such as alternate triggering, some

trigger coupling modes are automatically disabled and

can not be selected.

(22) DEL.POS. - HO

rotary knob with two functions and related HO LED.

The DEL.POS. rotary knob functions as a Hold off time

control, when the time base is not working in the SEA.

(SEARCH) or in DEL. (DELAY) mode.

The HO-LED is not lit when the hold off time is set to

minimum. The HO LED lights up and the hold off time

increases as the knob is rotated clockwise. A signal

sounds on reaching the maximum hold off time. Similarly

in the opposite direction until minimum hold off time is

reached (HO LED extinguishes).

The hold off time is automatically set to minimum when

the time base is changed. (For the application of hold off

time setting see the paragraph with the same heading).

A delay time between the trigger event and the start of

the trace can be set with the DEL.POS. control in the

time base modes SEA. (SEARCH) or DEL.(DELAY).See

SEA./DEL.-ON/OFF (24).

(23)TIME/DIV.

The time base is set with this rotary knob in the TIME/

DIV. field, and the setting is displayed at the top left in

the Readout (e.g. ”T:10µs”).

This knob acts as the time base switch when the VAR

LED above it is not lit. Then, the time deflection coefficient

can be set in a 1-2-5 sequence and the time base is

calibrated. Rotating anticlockwise increases the deflection

coefficient and rotating clockwise decreases the

deflection. The control acts as a vernier (fine adjustment)

when the VAR LED is lit.

The following description refers to the function as a time

base switch.

Time deflection coefficients between 500ms/div. and

50ns/div. in a 1-2-5 sequence can be selected without

x10 X magnification.

Time delay between 100ms and 100ns can be selected

in the ”SEA”(SEARCH) mode.

Time deflection coefficient range in the ”DEL”(DELAY)

mode extends from 20ms/div. to 50ns/div.

(24) SEA./DEL. - ON/OFF pushbutton.

This button is used to switch between delayed and

undelayed time base. The delayed time base operation

enables a magnified display in X direction which is

otherwise only possible with a second time base.

Pressing and holding the button switches to SEA.

(SEARCH) mode, when currently neither ”SEA”

(SEARCH) nor ”DEL”(DELAY) operation is effective.

Afterwards, it can be switched between SEA. and DEL.

by briefly pressing the button.

These operating modes are indicated in the Readout at

the right of the trigger slope indication thus:

In case of SEARCH ,”SEA”will be displayed;

In untriggered DELAY mode, ”DEL”(DEL.) and

in triggered DELAY mode, ”DTR”(DEL.TRIG.).

None of these will appear in the Readout in undelayed

time base operation.

When ”SEA”,”DEL”or ”DTR”mode is effective,

pressing and holding the button switches over to

undelayed time base.

The following description assumes that, with x10 X-

MAG. switched off, the trace starts at left edge of the

graticule.

In SEA. (SEARCH) mode, the hold off time is auto-

matically set to minimum and for the first few divisions

the trace is blanked. The trace will then be unblanked.

The point at which the trace starts can be varied with

DEL.POS (fine adjustment) from about 2 to 7 divisions.

The blanked section serves as a guide to the delay time.

The delay time is based on the current time deflection

coefficient setting and can also be coarsely set with the

TIME/DIV control (range: 20ms to 100ns).

Pressing the button briefly switches over from ”SEA”

to DEL”(DELAY) mode. Now the trace starts at the left

Subject to change without notice

Controls and Readout

edge without blanking. The start of the section, which

was previously unblanked in the ”SEA”(SEARCH) mode,

now lies at the left edge. The display can be expanded in

the X direction by rotating the TIME/DIV control

clockwise and thus decreasing the time deflection

coefficient. If a part of the signal of interest goes beyond

the right edge, it can be brought within the screen and

made visible by DEL.POS knob. Increasing the time

deflection coefficient beyond that used in the ”SEA”

(SEARCH) mode is not provided as it is practically

meaningless.

In the untriggered ”DEL”(DELAY) mode, a trigger event

does not start the trace at once but only starts the delay

time. After the delay time has elapsed the trace is started.

In triggered DELAY mode (DTR), to start the sweep, a

signal suitable for triggering must appear after the delay

time. The trace will be started if the instrument settings

(e.g. LEVEL setting) enable a triggering. See DEL.TRIG.

(31).

(25)DEL.TRIG. - VAR. -pushbutton with two functions.

DEL.TRIG. function

In the case of untriggered ”DEL”(DELAY) mode, briefly

pressing the button switches over to ”DTR”(triggered

DELAY mode). Thereby, the previously active settings,

Automatic/normal triggering (10), trigger LEVEL (12),

trigger slope (10) and trigger coupling (21) will be sto-

red.

It will be automatically switched to normal triggering and

DC trigger coupling in ”DTR”mode. Subsequently the

trigger LEVEL setting and the trigger slope should be so

adjusted that the signal for delayed trigger can trigger

the time base. Without triggering the screen will remain

blank.

Briefly pressing the button again switches back to

(untriggered) DEL. Operation.

VAR. function

Pressing and holding the button changes the function

of the TIME/DIV. knob.

The TIME/DIV. knob can function as a time deflection

coefficient switch (1-2-5 sequence) or as a time vernier

(fine adjustment). The current function is indicated by

the VAR-LED. The TIME/DIV. knob functions as a vernier

when the VAR-LED is switched on, but the time base

setting remains calibrated until the (vernier) knob is

operated. The readout now indicates ”T>...”instead of

”T:...”.Rotating further anticlockwise increases the time

deflection coefficient (uncalibrated) until the maximum

is reached indicated by a beep. Rotating the knob

clockwise has the opposite effect. Now, the vernier is

again in the calibrated position and the symbol ”>”will

be replaced by symbol ”:”.

The function of the knob can be switched back to normal

(calibrated) time base, pressing and holding the button.

Underneath the front panel sector described above, the

BNC sockets and four pushbuttons are located.

(26) INPUT CH I (X) - BNC socket.

This BNC socket is the signal input for channel I. The

outer (ground) connection is galvanically connected to

the instrument ground and consequently to the safety

earth contact of the line/mains plug.

In XY mode, signals at this input are used for the X

deflection.

(27) AC / DC - Pushbutton with two functions.

Input coupling:

Briefly pressing this pushbutton switches over from AC

(~ symbol) to DC (=symbol) input coupling and vice versa.

The setting is displayed in the readout with the deflection

coefficient.

Probe factor:

Pressing and holding the pushbutton selects the indicated

deflection coefficient of channel I displayed in the readout,

between 1:1 and 10:1. In condition 10:1 the probe factor

is thus indicated by a probe symbol displayed by the

readout in front the channel information (e.g. ”probe

symbol”, Y1...). In the case of cursor voltage measure-

ment, the probe factor is automatically included.

Please note:

The symbol must not be activated unless a x10 (10:1)

attenuator probe is used.

(28)GD - Pushbutton.

Each time this pushbutton is pressed briefly, the input is

switched from active to inactive and vice versa. It is

displayed in the readout as an earth (ground) symbol

instead of the deflection coefficient and the ~ (AC) or =

(DC) symbol.

The GD setting disables the input signal, the AC/DC (27)

pushbutton and the VOLTS/DIV (15) knob. In automatic

trigger mode the undeflected trace is visible representing

the 0 Volt trace position.

(29)Ground socket - 4mm banana socket galvanically con-

nected to safety earth. This socket can be used as refe-

rence potential connection for DC and low frequency signal

measurement purposes and in COMPONENT TEST mode.

Subject to change without notice

Controls and Readout

(30) INPUT CH II - BNC socket.

This BNC socket is the signal input for channel II. The

outer (ground) connection is galvanically connected to

the instrument ground and consequently to the safety

earth contact of the line/mains plug.

In XY mode, signals at this input are used for the Y

deflection.

(31) AC / DC - Pushbutton with two functions.

Input coupling:

Briefly pressing this pushbutton switches over from AC

(~ symbol) to DC (= symbol) input coupling and vice versa.

The setting is displayed in the readout with the deflection

coefficient.

Probe factor:

Pressing and holding the pushbutton selects the indicated

deflection coefficient of channel II displayed in the

readout, between 1:1 and 10:1. In condition 10:1 the

probe factor is thus indicated by a probe symbol displayed

by the readout in front the channel information (e.g.

”probe symbol”, Y2...). In the case of cursor voltage

measurement, the probe factor is automatically included.

Please note:

The symbol must not be activated unless a x10 (10:1)

attenuator probe is used.

(32) GD - INV. - Pushbutton with two functions.

GD:

Each time this pushbutton is pressed briefly, the input is

switched from active to inactive and vice versa. It is

displayed in the readout as an earth (ground) symbol

instead of the deflection coefficient and the ~ (AC) or =

(DC) symbol.

The GD setting disables the input signal, the AC/DC (31)

pushbutton and the VOLTS/DIV (20) knob. In automatic

trigger mode the undeflected trace is visible representing

the 0 Volt trace position.

The ”0 Volt”position is indicated by a ”” symbol in the

readout. Please note Y-POS. II (9).

INV.:

Pressing and holding this pushbutton switches the

channel II invert function on or off. The invert ”on”

condition is indicated by the readout with a horizontal

bar above ”Y2”(Yt mode). The invert function causes

the signal display of channel II to be inverted by 180°.

(33) TRIG. EXT. / INPUT (Z) - BNC socket with two functions.

The outer (ground) connection is galvanically connected

to the instrument ground and consequently to the safety

earth contact of the line/mains plug. The input impedance

is approx. 1MΩII 20pF.

TRIG. EXT:

This BNC socket is the external trigger signal input, if

external triggering is selected. Briefly pressing the TRIG.

(18) pushbutton, until the TRIG. ”EXT”-LED (18) is lit,

switches the external trigger input active.

The trigger coupling depends on the TRIG. MODE (21)

setting.

Z- Input:

If neither COMPONENT TEST nor external trigger

coupling (TRIG. EXT.) is chosen, the socket is operative

as a Z (trace intensity modulation) input.

High TTL level (positive logic) effects blanking, low level

gives unblanking. No higher voltages than +5 Volt are

permitted.

Below the CRT there are the controls for the readout,

the component tester and the squarewave calibrator

with their outputs.

Please note:

The following description of the cursor related controls

assumes that the readout is visible and the component

tester is switched off.

(34) MENU –Pushbutton

Pressing and holding the pushbutton activates the display

of the MAIN MENU. It contains the submenus SETUP

and CALIBRATE.

Once a menu is displayed, the following pushbuttons are

of importance:

1. SAVE and RECALL (7) pushbutton.

Briefly pressing selects the submenu or an item within

the submenu.

2. SAVE (7) pushbutton SET function.

Pressing and holding the SAVE (7) pushbutton calls (sets)

the menu or the previously selected item. In those cases

where the item is marked with ON / OFF the setting

changes from ON to OFF or vice versa.

If “PRESS SECURITY KEY!”is displayed, this function is

available only for HAMEG authorized service workshops.

Press AUTOSET (3) to switch back to the menu.

3. AUTOSET (3) pushbutton.

Each time the AUTOSET pushbutton is pressed the menu

is switched back one step until MAIN MENU is displayed.

Then pressing the AUTOSET pushbutton again switches

the menu operation off and AUTOSET is set to the normal

function.

(35) ON/OFF - CHI/II - 1/∆∆

∆∆

∆t

This pushbutton has several functions.

ON/OFF:

Pressing and holding the pushbutton switches both cursor

lines on or off. As the cursor lines are part of the readout,

they are visible only if the readout is switched on. If the

cursor lines are switched off and MEAN VALUE ON is

activated (Menu: SETUP > MISCELLANEOUS) the

instrument is prepared for DC Mean Value display. Please

Subject to change without notice

Controls and Readout

note section "Mean Value Display".

CHI/II:

This function is required and available only in DUAL and

XY mode in combination with ∆∆

∆∆

∆V (37) measurement.

The probe factor setting (27) (31) is automatically taken

into account.

Briefly pressing the button selects between the deflection

coefficients of channel I and channel II. The measured

result is displayed by the readout with ”∆∆

∆∆

∆V1...”or

”∆∆

∆∆

∆V2...”. The settings of the cursors must relate to the

signal of the selected channel.

In XY mode the instrument is automatically set to ∆∆

∆∆

∆V

measurement. In this mode two signals are normally

applied causing an X and a Y deflection. The deflection

coefficient selected for each channel may be different,

thus as in DUAL mode the ∆∆

∆∆

∆V cursor measurement

requires a channel selection. Under channel I (Y signal)

measuring condition the cursor lines are displayed as

horizontal lines and the readout displays ”∆∆

∆∆

∆VY...”. Briefly

pressing the pushbutton changes to channel II (X signal)

voltage measurement. Then the cursor lines are displayed

as vertical lines and the readout indicates ”∆∆

∆∆

∆VX...”.

In CH I or CH II mono mode, only one deflection

coefficient is present and there is no requirement to

select between different deflection coefficients.

Consequently the pushbutton is inactivated in

combination with ∆∆

∆∆

∆V measurements.

1/∆∆

∆∆

∆t:

Briefly pressing the button selects between time and

frequency measurement, if the ∆∆

∆∆

∆V function is not

present.

In calibrated time base condition the readout displays

”∆∆

∆∆

∆t:...”if time measurement is chosen. After briefly

pressing the pushbutton ”f:...”(frequency) is displayed.

If the time base is uncalibrated the readout displays

”∆∆

∆∆

∆t>...”or ”f<...”.

Attention:

Time and frequency measurements are not possible in

XY operation, since in this mode the time base is

switched off.

(36) TRK - CURSOR-Track function.

Briefly pressing simultaneously both buttons ON/OFF -

CHI/II - 1/∆∆

∆∆

∆t (35) and I/II - ∆∆

∆∆

∆V/∆∆

∆∆

∆t (37) switches over

from single cursor line operation to track mode and vice

versa.

In TRK (track) mode both cursor lines are indicated as

active (both dotted lines uninterrupted).

(37) I/II - ∆∆

∆∆

∆V / ∆∆

∆∆

∆t - Pushbutton with two functions.

I/II:

Briefly pressing this button changes the active (control-

lable) cursor in the sequence I - II - I, if TRK (track) mode

is not active. The active cursor is indicated by a conti-

nuously dotted line. An interrupted dotted line indicates

the inactive cursor.

∆∆

∆V / ∆∆

∆∆

∆t:

Pressing and holding this pushbutton changes from voltage

to time (or frequency) measurement and vice versa. In

XY mode the instrument is automatically set to ∆V.

∆∆

∆V:

Please note!

Inall DV (voltage) measurement conditions, the division

ratio of the probe(s) must be taken into account. The

voltage value displayed in the readout must be multi-

plied by 100 if e.g. a x100 (100:1) probe is used. In case

of x10 (10:1) probes, the probe factor can be automa-

tically included (see item (27) and (31)).

item 1: Time base mode (CH I or CH II single channel

mode, DUAL and ADD).

In the voltage measurement condition, the cursors are

displayed as horizontal lines and the result is displayed in

the readout.

Single channel mode (channel I or channel II).

The ∆∆

∆∆

∆V measuring result is automatically related to the

deflection coefficient of the active channel. The readout

displays ”∆∆

∆∆

∆V1...”or ”∆∆

∆∆

∆V2...”.

Dual mode.

The CURSOR lines must be set on the channel I or

channel II signal. As the deflection coefficients may be

different, it will be required to select between the

deflection coefficients of channel I and II. Please note

item CHI/II (35).

Addition (ADD) mode.

In ADD (addition) mode normally two input signals are

displayed as one signal (sum or difference). As the result

can only be determined if both (calibrated) deflection

coefficients are equal, the CHI/II (35) selection function

is deactivated. In that case the readout indicates ”∆∆

∆∆

∆V...”

without any additional channel information. Different

deflection coefficient settings or uncalibrated deflection

coefficient(s) are indicated in the readout as ”Y1<>Y2”.

item 2: XY mode.

In XY mode the instrument is automatically set to ∆∆

∆∆

∆V

measurement. The deflection coefficient selected for

each channel may be different, thus as in DUAL mode

the ∆∆

∆∆

∆V cursor measurement requires a channel selection.

Under channel I (Y signal) measuring condition the cursor

lines are displayed as horizontal lines and the readout

displays ”∆∆

∆∆

∆VY...”. Briefly pressing the CHI/II (35)

pushbutton selects channel II (X signal) measuring. Then

the cursor lines are displayed as vertical lines and the

readout indicates ”∆∆

∆∆

∆VX...”.

∆∆

∆t:

In time or frequency measurement condition two vertical

cursor lines are displayed. The measurement result is

indicated as ”∆∆

∆∆

∆t...”(time measurement) or ”f...”

(frequency measurement). Please note item (36) 1/

∆∆

∆

NOTE:

For frequency measurement, the distance between

the cursors must equal exactly one signal period.

In XY mode the time base is switched off. Consequently

time or frequency measurement is disabled.

Subject to change without notice

Menu First Time Operation

(38) CURSOR - Center biased lever.

The active cursor line (in track mode: both lines) can be

shifted in the required direction, until the graticule limits

are reached. The directions are marked on the front panel

and depend on the selected measurement (∆∆

∆∆

∆V, ∆∆

∆∆

∆tor 1/

∆∆

∆t= f).

Which of two shift speeds is used, depends on how far

the CURSOR knob is pressed. With slight knob pressure

the cursor line(s) moves slowly. If the knob is pressed to

the full extent the cursor moves fast. If the knob is

released it automatically reverts to the center position

and the cursor shift stops.

(39) CAL. - Pushbutton and concentric socket.

A squarewave signal of 0.2Vpp ±1% is available from

the socket for probe adjustment purposes.

The signal frequency depends on the pushbutton setting.

If the pushbutton is released it is approx. 1kHz and can

be switched over (depressed) to approx. 1MHz. The pulse

duty factor may deviate from 1:1 and the frequency is

not calibrated.

(40) CT - Pushbutton and banana jack. Pressing the push-

button switches the instrument over from oscilloscope

to component test mode and vice versa.

In component test mode, all controls are deactivated with

the exception of the CT button, AUTO SET (2) and

INTENS (4). All LEDs except ”A”or ”RO”(associated

with the INTENS knob) are dark. The readout displays

only ”CT”in this condition.

One test lead is connected to the CT socket. The second

test lead uses the ground socket (29). Please note

”Component Tester”.

The maximum test voltage is approx. 20Vpp under open

circuit conditions, while the max. test current under short

circuit condition is approx. 20mApp.

The instrument software contains several menus. The controls

regarding the menus are described under item MENU (34) in

section “Controls and Readout”.

The following menus, submenus and items within the

submenus are available:

1. MAIN MENU

1.1 CALIBRATE

Information regarding this can be found in the section ”Service

Instructions”item ”Adjustments”.

1.2 SETUP

This menu allows changes to the default settings regarding

the instrument behavior during operation. The SETUP menu

contains the submenus ”MISCELLANEOUS”and

”FACTORY”.

1.2.1 MISCELLANEOUS contains:

1.2.1.1 CONTROL BEEP ON/OFF

In OFF condition the acoustic signals actuated by

the control limits are switched off.

Note:

The default setting is ON. If different conditions are

required the setting must be performed each time

after switching the oscilloscope on.

1.2.1.2 ERROR BEEP ON/OFF

Acoustic signals indicating faulty control operation

are suppressed in OFF condition.

Note:

The default setting is ON. If different conditions are

required the setting must be performed each time

after switching the oscilloscope on.

1.2.1.3 QUICK START ON/OFF

In condition ON the HAMEG logo and the menus

will not be displayed after switching the instrument

on. Then the instrument is quickly ready for operation.

1.2.1.4 TRIG SYMBOL ON/OFF

In most of the Yt (time base) modes the readout

displays a trigger point symbol which will not be

displayed in condition OFF.

1.2.1.5 DC REF ON/OFF

If ON is selected and Yt (time base) mode is present,

the readout displays a ground symbol (⊥). This symbol

eases the evaluation and determination of DC

contents by indicating the 0 Volt reference position.

1.2.1.6 INPUT Z ON/OFF

In ON condition the TRIG.EXT. socket serves as an

unblanking input.

1.2.1.7 MEAN VALUE ON/OFF

The mean value display is activated in the readout if

ON is selected and cursor line measurement is

switched off. For further information please note

section “Mean Value Display”.

1.2.2 FACTORY

Attention!

Submenus are available only for HAMEG authorized

service workshops

First Time Operation

The following text assumes that the ”SAFETY”section of

this manual has been read carefully and understood.

Each time before the instrument is put into operation check

that the oscilloscope is connected to protective earth. For that

reason the power cable must be connected to the oscilloscope

and the power outlet. Then the test lead(s) must be connected

to the oscilloscope input(s). Check that the device under test

is switched off and connect the test lead(s) to the test

point(s). Then switch on the instrument and afterwards the

device under test.

The oscilloscope is switched on by depressing the red POWER

pushbutton. After a few seconds the HAMEG logo and the

instrument software release is displayed on the screen. As

long as the HAMEG logo is visible different internal checks are

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