Honeywell FF-LS14 Series User manual

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HONEYWELL

107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed inGermany
Miniature
Safety Light Curtain
Installation Manual
FF-LS14 and FF-LS30 Series
®
CUS
© 1996 - 2001 Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.

107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed inGermany
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107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed inGermany
Table Of Contents
1. IMPORTANT INFORMATION..........................................................................................................................6
1.1. OVERVIEW...................................................................................................................................................6
1.2. READ AND UNDERSTAND THIS INSTRUCTION MANUAL......................................................................................6
1.3. ORGANIZATION OF INSTALLATION MANUAL .....................................................................................................6
1.4. IMPORTANT HIGHLIGHTED INFORMATION ........................................................................................................6
1.5. CONTROL RELIABILITY ..................................................................................................................................7
1.6. PRODUCT APPROVAL....................................................................................................................................7
1.7. COMPLIANCE................................................................................................................................................7
1.7.1. European directives compliance ...........................................................................................................................................7
1.7.2. European regulations compliance.........................................................................................................................................7
1.7.3. United States regulations compliance...................................................................................................................................8
1.7.4. United States standards compliance .....................................................................................................................................8
1.8. SELECTION, INSTALLATION AND USE CONSIDERATIONS...................................................................................8
1.9. ADDITIONAL PROTECTION..............................................................................................................................9
2. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION................................................................................................................10
2.1. OVERVIEW.................................................................................................................................................10
2.2. DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................................................................10
2.2.1. Control and sensing unit.....................................................................................................................................................10
2.2.2. Unit compatibility................................................................................................................................................................10
2.2.3. Unit identification plates.....................................................................................................................................................11
2.2.4. Specifications ......................................................................................................................................................................12
2.3. OPERATION................................................................................................................................................12
2.3.1. Protection height.................................................................................................................................................................13
2.3.2. Resolution............................................................................................................................................................................13
3. INSTALLATION .............................................................................................................................................14
3.1. OVERVIEW.................................................................................................................................................14
3.2. MACHINE GUARDING PROTECTION...............................................................................................................15
3.3. HOW TO CALCULATE SAFETY DISTANCE .......................................................................................................16
3.3.1. Normal approach point-of-operation guarding..................................................................................................................16
3.3.2. Parallel approach point-of-operation guarding.................................................................................................................18
3.3.3. Angular approach point-of-operation guarding.................................................................................................................19
3.4. REFLECTIVE SURFACES ..............................................................................................................................19
3.5. MOUNTING CONSIDERATIONS......................................................................................................................20
3.5.1. Optical alignment procedure...............................................................................................................................................20
3.5.2. Mounting dimensions ..........................................................................................................................................................22
4. ELECTRICAL CONNECTION........................................................................................................................26
4.1. OVERVIEW.................................................................................................................................................26
4.2. CONNECTING SENSING UNITS TO CONTROL UNITS ........................................................................................27
4.3. ELECTRICAL POWER AND THE CONTROL UNIT...............................................................................................28
4.4. CONNECTING MACHINE STOP CONTROL OUTPUTS (MAIN OUT 1 AND MAIN OUT 2)...........................................28
4.5. CONNECTING INDICATOR LAMPS TO AUXILIARY TERMINALS ...........................................................................30

107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed inGermany
4.6. CONNECTING THE TEST INPUT.....................................................................................................................30
4.7. SETTING THE MODE OF OPERATION.............................................................................................................30
4.8. EXAMPLE ELECTRICAL WIRING CONNECTIONS ..............................................................................................31
5. INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE.............................................................................................................34
5.1. INSPECTION ...............................................................................................................................................34
5.1.1. Scheduled machine inspection............................................................................................................................................34
5.1.2. Scheduled safety light curtain inspection............................................................................................................................34
5.2. CONTROL UNIT STATUS INDICATORS............................................................................................................35
5.3. TROUBLESHOOTING ...................................................................................................................................37
5.4. REPAIR......................................................................................................................................................38
5.4.1. Sensing unit replacement....................................................................................................................................................38
5.4.2. Fuse Replacement...............................................................................................................................................................38
6. ORDER GUIDES............................................................................................................................................40
6.1. COMPLETE PRODUCT SET ORDER GUIDES* ..................................................................................................40
6.2. REPLACEMENT PART AND ACCESSORIES ORDER GUIDES..............................................................................40
7. CUSTOMER SERVICE INFORMATION........................................................................................................42
7.1. WARRANTY AND REMEDY...........................................................................................................................42
7.2. SALES AND SERVICE ..................................................................................................................................42
8. INDEX.............................................................................................................................................................44
9. DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY..............................................................................................................46

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1. Important information
1.1. Overview
Thank you for purchasing this Honeywell safety product. The FF-LS Series miniature safety light curtain is an ultra-compact
infrared multi-beam device designed to increase the protection of operators working with dangerous machines. The FF-LS
Series product is ideal for the protection of work stations where space is critical.
The installation instructions do not provide instructions for operating the machine on which the FF-LS product is installed.
Information about the machine operation can be found in the machine manufacturer’s operating instructions.
1.2. Read and understand this instruction manual
FF-LS Series safety light curtain devices described in this manual are designed to protect humans from danger zones
normally associated with the moving parts of machinery.
To ensure the full benefits of this protection, the safety light curtains described in this manual must be properly selected,
installed, maintained and operated.
1.3. Organization of installation manual
This installation manual consists of the following:
Important Information contains important highlighted information, the manual’s organization, control reliability information,
approvals, standards, regulations and directives.
Description and Operation describes the miniature safety light curtain and the terms and concepts related to operation.
Installation explains how to properly install the miniature safety light curtains.
Electrical Connections covers electrical installation and wiring diagram information. This section also contains a sensing
unit and control unit compatibility table.
Inspection and Maintenance contains inspection, cleaning, maintenance, troubleshooting, and repair information.
Order Guides provide catalog listings of safety light curtain sets, mounting brackets, cables, power supplies, fuses, control
units, sensing units, test rods and control unit hardware kit. This section also contains a sensing unit and control unit
compatibility table.
Warranty Information contains important contact information related to sales and service.
Index contains keywords and their associated pages related to topics found throughout this manual.
EC-type Examination Certificate (from approval agency) is available upon request from Honeywell Quality Assurance
Department (CE Declaration of Conformity is provided at the back of this manual).
1.4. Important highlighted information
Important danger, warning, caution and notices are highlighted throughout the manual as follows:
A DANGER symbol indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
A WARNING symbol indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
A CAUTION symbol indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in property damage.
A NOTICE symbol indicates important information that must be remembered and aids in job performance.

7107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany
1.5. Control reliability
“Control Reliability” means that, “the device, system or interface shall be designed, constructed and installed such that a
single component failure within the device, interface or system shall not prevent normal stopping action from taking place
but shall prevent a successive machine cycle.” (ANSI B11.19-1990, 5.5)
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.217 states that, “the control system shall be constructed so that a failure within the system does not
prevent the normal stopping action from being applied to the press when required, but does prevent initiation of a
successive stroke until the failure is corrected. The failure shall be detectable by a simple test, or indicated by the control
system.”
Honeywell has developed a self-checking technique that combines reliability with safety. The FF-LS Series safety light
curtain functions with dual channel redundancy and positive self-check monitoring. This means that a faulty component in
the miniature safety light curtain will cause it to fail in a safe mode.
This design meets the highest safety requirements (Type 4 Electrosensitive Protective equipment) described in the
EN 61496 European standard. Type 4 safety light curtains are designed and manufactured in such a way that a single
breakdown or an accumulation of failures does not lead to the loss of the safety function when a dangerous situation arises.
The safety function is maintained on a permanent basis.
1.6. Product approval
Approvals Description
TÜV CE Type 4
cCSAus Only the packaging and the documentation of FF-LS Series
products carry the CE mark; the CE declaration of conformity is
located at the back of this installation manual
1.7. Compliance
1.7.1. European directives compliance
The EC type examination certificate granted by the TÜV Hannover/Sachsen-Anhalt ensures conformity of the product with
respect to the essential requirements of the following EC Directives:
Directives Number
Machine Directive 98/37/EC
Low Voltage Directive 73/93/EC
Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89/336/EC as amended 91/263/EC, 92/31/EC, 93/108/EC and 93/97/EC
1.7.2. European regulations compliance
The installation of a FF-LS Series safety light curtain is subject to strict rules that may vary from country to country. Correct
installation is essential to ensure safe operation and must be carried out according to the appropriate regulations.
Regulation Title
EN 292 Safety of Machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design
EN 294 Safety of Machinery - Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the
upper limbs
EN 61496-1/2
(replaces pr EN 50100-1/2) Safety of Machinery - Electrosensitive Protective Equipment
EN 60204 Safety of Machinery - Electrical equipment of machines
EN 954 Safety of Machinery - Safety related parts of control systems
EN 999 Safety of Machinery - The positioning of protective equipment in respect of approach
speeds of parts of the human body
EN 811 Safety of Machinery - Safety distances to prevent danger zones from being reached by
the lower limbs

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1.7.3. United States regulations compliance
Regulation Title
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.212 General Requirements for (guarding of) All Machines
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.217 (Guarding of) Mechanical Power Presses
1.7.4. United States standards compliance
Standards Title
ANSI B11.1 Mechanical Power Presses
ANSI B11.2 Hydraulic Power Presses
ANSI B11.19 - 1990 Safeguarding when Referenced by the Other B11 Machine Tool Safety Standards
ANSI/RIA R15.06 - 1992 Safety Requirements for Industrial Robots and Robot Systems
1.8. Selection, installation and use considerations
FULL REVOLUTION MECHANICAL POWER PRESSES CANNOT BE STOPPED IN MID-STROKE (OSHA 29CFR
1910.217).
Do NOT use FF-LS Series safety light curtains on full revolution mechanical power presses.
Failure to comply with these instructions will result in death or serious injury.
IMPROPER SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF SAFETY DEVICES
The safety light curtains in this manual are used as safety devices. When properly installed and maintained, their function is
to establish a sensing field between a person and a defined zone of potential danger. Intrusion into the sensing field is
detected and communicated to the machine’s operating controls to neutralize the danger before an injury can occur.
The full protection offered by the use of the safety light curtain device is only assured by: (1) the proper selection of the
device and components for the specific application, (2) and the correct installation, proper maintenance and use of the light
curtain device.
You must read and understand the information in this manual to ensure the safety device selected is the most appropriate
for the application.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury. If you need assistance, see
Customer Service Information.
FF-LS Series safety light curtains are designed for the principal protection for small presses, punches or machines where
the movement of the functional parts can be interrupted at any moment in a dangerous phase. Safety light curtains set up
an invisible barrier between the safe region and a danger zone and produce an emergency stop signal when the invisible
barrier is interrupted.
IMPROPER INSTALLATION OF SAFETY LIGHT CURTAINS
The machine control circuitry must be designed in such a manner that a single component fault does not lead to an unsafe
condition.
Cancellation of the FF-LS Series safety light curtain emergency stop signal must not cause the restart of moving parts. A
restart may only be initiated by means of a control designed for this purpose.
Installation and use of this product must be performed by a qualified person thoroughly familiar with all instructions
contained within this manual and all applicable safety regulations including those described below.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury. If you need assistance, refer to
Customer Service Information section in this manual.

9107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany
1.9. Additional protection
In some applications, it may be necessary to provide additional protection to augment the protection provided by the safety
light curtain. Fixed barriers or additional safety light curtains shall be used to ensure an operator is forced to move through
the sensing field to enter the danger zone. The operator shall not be able to stand between the danger zone and the safety
light curtain without being detected. Additional protection shall be properly positioned and have the necessary mounting
dimensions to prevent an operator from reaching the danger zone from the top, bottom, rear or laterally. Fixed barriers shall
be installed permanently with the aid of a tool or welded (if possible). If barriers need to be automatically positioned, their
positioning must be checked. It must not be possible for operators to neutralize the positioning sensors associated with
these barriers.
Honeywell FF-SR Series safety control modules may be used as an interface between the protective safety equipment and
the machine control circuitry. These products offer redundancy, monitoring, and control reliability features that ensure the
highest level of industrial safety.
Honeywell safety switches and sensors that may be used to check the position of barriers include:
GSS safety limit switches
GK safety switches
GKR/GKL safety switches
24/924CE miniature safety limit switch.
Honeywell safety products that may be used with the FF-LS safety light curtain and comply with European standards
include:
FF-SM safety mat
FF-SB safety light curtains
FF-SPS4 single beam safety device
FF-SCAN multi-beam modular safety light curtain
FF-SE safety laser scanner.

107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany 10
2. Description and operation
2.1. Overview
This chapter contains terms and concepts related to safety and the application of the FF-LS Series miniature safety light
curtain. The importance of the installer's role in the set-up and installation of the machine guarding systems is discussed.
This section also contains device identification and specification information.
2.2. Description
2.2.1. Control and sensing unit
The FF-LS Series safety light curtain is an infrared multi-beam device designed to protect operators working on
dangerous machines. Entering the invisible sensing field causes the light curtain output contacts to open. An emergency
stop condition is then sent to the machine control circuitry. Detection of the operator body parts will lead to the
immediate stoppage of the moving parts of the machine.
The FF-LS Series device consists of a control unit connected to a pair of sensing units. Each sensing unit is made up
of a row of emitting circuits alternating with receiving circuits. These circuits are contained in an extremely small
aluminum housing. The 30 mm (1.18 in) resolution device has a housing cross section of 12 mm x 19,7 mm (0.47 in x 0.78 in); the
14 mm (0.55 in) resolution has a cross section of 35 mm x 23 mm (1.38 in x 0.91 in).
The control unit supplies power to the sensing units, monitors correct system operation and transmits the stop signal to the
machine control circuitry via its two output relays.
The light curtain may be operated in one of two different modes. In the automatic mode, the device restarts
automatically after powering up or after any intrusion into the sensing field. In the start/restart interlock mode (manual),
the operator must press an external push-button connected to the terminal strip of the control unit to restart the light
curtain. The mode of operation is selected via an internal selector switch located in the control unit.
The control unit has a test input that is used to trigger the output relay switching and check the correct operation of the final
switching devices. For troubleshooting, the control unit provides optical and acoustic signals to help perform diagnostics.
Permanent self-checking is based on microprocessor technology and meets the requirements of EN 61496 (replaces pr EN
50 100) - part 1 & 2 European standards for type 4 electrosensitive protective equipment. This technique has been
examined by TÜV of Hannover who granted the EC-type examination certificate.
The FF-LS Series safety light curtains are ideal for the protection of workstations on small machines such as paper-cutting
machines or pick-and-place robots.
2.2.2. Unit compatibility
INCOMPATIBILITY OF FF-LS SERIES SAFETY LIGHT CURTAIN UNITS
The control unit and the sensing units (A and B) are delivered as a set and are preset (same number of beams). Each of the
units in a set has a red label on its housing with the same number that specifies the number of beams in the sensing field.
Ensure the number on the red label is the same for each of the three units in a set.
Ensure the serial numbers on the sensing units A and B are the same.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury.
The two sensing units A/B are matched to each other by individual coding. Therefore, only connect a matched pair of
sensing units A/B (each has the same serial number) to a control unit. Failure to comply with these instructions will result in
improper product performance.

11 107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany
Figure 2-1 Control and sensing unit compatibility
16 16
FLS23.EPS
Each sensing unit must be connected to a specific control unit per Table 2-1.
INCOMPATIBILITY OF FF-LS SERIES SAFETY CONTROL UNITS
DO NOT connect a different control unit other than the one specified (see table below) to the sensing units.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury.
Table 2-1 Control unit and sensing units compatibility
Control unit 30 mm resolution sensing unit 14 mm resolution sensing unit Number of beams
FF-LS08C FF-LS082802362A/B -- 08
FF-LS16C FF-LS162804602A/B FF-LS16141962A/B 16
FF-LS24C FF-LS242806842A/B -- 24
FF-LS32C FF-LS322809082A/B FF-LS32143782A/B 32
FF-LS40C FF-LS402811322A/B -- 40
FF-LS48C FF-LS482813562A/B FF-LS48145612A/B 48
FF-LS56C FF-LS562815802A/B -- 56
FF-LS64C FF-LS642818042A/B FF-LS64147442A/B 64
2.2.3. Unit identification plates
Figure 2-2 Control unit rating and approvals plate
Label indicates the
number of beams. This
number must be the
same number that is on
the sensing units red
label.

107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany 12
Figure 2-3 Sensing units (A and B) rating and approval plate
16
FLS35.EPS
Figure 2-4 Control unit warning plate
2.2.4. Specifications
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
Resolution (minimum object detection) 14 mm (0.55 in) or 30 mm (1.18 in) diameter
Response Time < 50 ms
Restart time < 300 ms
Scanning Range 0,2 m to 3,5 m (0.65 ft to 11.48 ft)
Emission Modulated infrared light (880 nm)
Alignment tolerance According to IEC/EN 61496 - 2 standard
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Supply voltage 22 to 30 Vdc or 18 to 25 Vac
Current consumption < 300 mA
Output switching capacity 2 NO safety outputs (MAIN OUT 1 and MAIN OUT 2): 4 A/250 Vac positive-
guided (fuse protected)
Lamp indicator: 1 NO, 1 NC outputs, 4 A/42 Vac (fuse protected)
Electrical connection Control unit: screw terminal
Sensing units: RS-485 cable; pre-wired connectors; 10 m (32.8 ft)
ENVIRONMENTAL/PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Sealing Control and Sensing Units: IP 65, NEMA 4
Electromagnetic immunity According to IEC 801-4: level IV
According to IEC 801-3: level III
Light immunity 50 000 lux
Status indicators Customer supplied lamps must be connected to the indicator outputs of the
control unit.
Operating temperature 0°C to 55°C (32°F to 131°F)
Material Sensor Units: Aluminum
Control Unit: Polycarbonate
Size 30 mm Resolution Sensor Units: 12 x 19,7 x Nominal Protected Height (mm)
0.47 x 0.77 x Nominal Protected Height (in)
14 mm Resolution Sensor Units: 23 x 35 x Nominal Protected Height (mm)
0.90 x 1.38 x Nominal Protected Height (in)
Control Unit: 60 x 160 x 240 (mm)
2.36 x 6.30 x 9.45 (in)
2.3. Operation
The FF-LS Series are through scan safety light curtains. Emitter circuitry (sensing unit A and B) transmits modulated,
infrared light that is detected by photoreceiver circuitry (sensing unit A and B). The number of light beams depends on the
protected height and resolution of the safety light curtain.
Red label indicates the
number of beams. This
number must be the same
number that is on the
control unit’s red label.

13 107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany
2.3.1. Protection height
Protection height is the height from the top of the uppermost light beam to the bottom of the lowermost light beam.
Catalog listing Description Protection heights
PH mm (in) Response time Weight of control and sensing units kg (lbs)
FF-LS16141962 14 mm resolution, 16 beam 196 (7.72) < 50 ms 1,85 (4.07)
FF-LS32143782 14 mm resolution, 32 beam 378 (14.89) < 50 ms 2,06 (4.53)
FF-LS48145612 14 mm resolution, 48 beam 561 (22.10) < 50 ms 2,26 (4.97)
FF-LS64147442 14 mm resolution, 64 beam 744 (29.31) < 50 ms 2,38 (5.45)
FF-LS082802362 30 mm resolution, 8 beam 236 (9.29) < 50 ms 1,75 (3.85)
FF-LS162804602 30 mm resolution, 16 beam 460 (18.12) < 50 ms 1,86 (4.09)
FF-LS242806842 30 mm resolution, 24 beam 684 (26.94) < 50 ms 1,97 (4.33)
FF-LS322809082 30 mm resolution, 32 beam 908 (35.77) < 50 ms 2,08 (4.57)
FF-LS402811322 30 mm resolution, 40 beam 1132 (44.60) < 50 ms 2,19 (4.81)
FF-LS482813562 30 mm resolution, 48 beam 1356 (53.42) < 50 ms 2,30 (5.06)
FF-LS562815802 30 mm resolution, 56 beam 1580 (62.25) < 50 ms 2,41 (5.30)
FF-LS642818042 30 mm resolution, 64 beam 1804 (71.07) < 50 ms 2.52 (5.54)
2.3.2. Resolution
FF-LS Series safety light curtain resolution (sometimes called minimum object sensitivity) is the minimum object size that
will always interrupt at least one light beam when it enters the sensing field. Anything entering the sensing field equal to or
greater than this minimum size will be detected. Resolution is not affected by scanning distance or dust accumulation. The
FF-LS Series does not have a sensitivity adjustment.
Two factors determine the resolution of the safety light curtain: beam center distance and light beam diameter (see Figure 2-5).
FF-LS has a 30 mm and 14 mm resolution.
Figure 2-5 FF-LS safety light curtain resolution

107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany 14
3. Installation
3.1. Overview
This chapter contains information about properly installing a FF-LS safety light curtain including how to calculate the safety
distance and mounting considerations.
FULL REVOLUTION MECHANICAL POWER PRESSES CANNOT BE STOPPED IN MID-STROKE (OSHA 29CFR
1910.217).
Do NOT use FF-LS Series safety light curtains on full revolution mechanical power presses.
Failure to comply with these instructions will result in death or serious injury.
IMPROPER POINT-OF-OPERATION PROTECTION
Install FF-LS safety light curtains and fixed barriers so that NO person can stand between light curtain and danger zone
without being detected.
Failure to comply with these instructions will result in death or serious injury.
IMPROPER INSTALLATION OF FF-LS SERIES LIGHT CURTAIN
Install FF-LS safety light curtains in accordance with this installation manual and applicable local safety regulations (OSHA,
ANSI, European standards).
Mount FF-LS Series safety light curtains so that any entry into protected area must interrupt sensing field or activate other
safeguarding devices.
Install fixed barrier or additional safety light curtains to prevent operating personnel from reaching around, under, or over the
sensing field.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury.
IMPROPER SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
Comply with local safety requirements when designing the machine control interface and all the control elements that affect
safety.
Ensure the BEAM NUMBER on the red label located on the sensing units (A and B) and the control unit are ALL THE
SAME.
Install two independent safety relay contacts into machine control stop circuit controlled by FF-LS Series safety light curtain.
Ensure two independent stop circuit relays have mechanically linked contacts to reliably detect a welded contact.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury.
IMPROPER MACHINE REACTION
Ensure the machine control is capable of stopping the machine at any point in the cycle.
Ensure that a loss of power does NOT impair stopping action of machine.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury.

15 107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany
3.2. Machine guarding protection
FF-LS Series thru scan safety light curtains are non-contact machine guarding devices designed to increase the protection
of operators of power driven machinery.
FF-LS Series safety light curtains generate a stop signal if the sensing field is interrupted. Continued operation is prevented
until the sensing field is cleared. The FF-LS Series safety light curtain monitors itself continuously for component failures,
misalignments, and dirt accumulations. If misalignment or dirt accumulations become too great or a component fails, a stop
signal is generated. Operation is prevented until the condition is corrected.
FF-LS Series light curtains are designed so a malfunction or an interruption of the sensing field will cause the light curtain to
generate a stop signal within a maximum of 50 milliseconds. This stop signal will be generated automatically if a malfunction
occurs in the safety light curtain. All other machine control components that affect safety should also be designed to the
same high level of operation.
Vertical mounting may require the installation of fixed barriers or additional light curtains to prevent operating personnel
from reaching around, under, or over the sensing field.
For point-of-operation guarding, the safety light curtain(s) and any fixed barriers must be installed to detect or prevent
operating personnel from standing between the safety light curtain and the danger zone (see Figure 3-1).
IMPROPER POINT OF OPERATION INSTALLATION
For point-of-operation guarding the light curtain(s) and any fixed barrier must be installed so that NO PERSON can stand or
reach between the light curtain and the danger zone.
Allow entry into the protected area by interruption of sensing field or other safeguarding device only. This may require using
additional fixed barrier guarding, horizontal or angled positioning of the light curtain, or additional light curtains.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury.
Figure 3-1 Point-of-operation guarding
Penetration into the danger
zone under the barrier Penetration into the danger
zone above the barrier
Penetration between the
barrier and the danger zone Mechanical protection on the
rear face and on the sides

107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany 16
3.3. How to calculate safety distance
IMPROPER SAFETY DISTANCE
To ensure the proper safety distance ( DS ) use the formulas described in this section.
The safety distance between the sensing field and the danger zone must be large enough to ensure that if the sensing field
is entered, the danger zone cannot be reached before the hazardous movement is stopped.
The approach speed or velocity of movement into the danger zone ( V ) depends on the position of the safety light curtain.
The additional safety distance ( C ) depends on the minimum object detection (resolution) of the safety light curtain.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury.
The safety distance (see Figure 3-2) is the minimum distance between the sensing field and the danger zone. This distance
ensures that the danger zone cannot be reached until the machine motion has been stopped.
Figure 3-2 Light curtain safety distance diagram
Danger Zone
Light Beam
Sensing Unit A Sensing Unit B
Optical Axis
D
s
NOTICE
If mechanical or process constraints require closer proximity to the dangerous machine motion, the FF-LS14 safety light
curtain is better suited than the FF-LS30 safety light curtain for such applications (FF-LS14 Series has better minimum
object detection). The FF-LS30 safety light curtain requires greater safety distance (2.15 in more than FF-LS14 in the US
and 128 mm more in Europe) than the FF-LS14 safety light curtain if installed on the same machine.
3.3.1. Normal approach point-of-operation guarding
Point-of-operation is defined as that area where a machine performs work (such as cutting, shaping, boring, or forming) on a
material.
3.3.1.1. European safety distance calculation
The safety distance DS(see Figure 3-3) between the danger zone and the optical axis shall be no less than the value
calculated using the following formula:
DS≥2000 mm(t1+ t2) + C (mm) where, DSis the safety distance
V is the velocity of movement (approach speed) into the danger zone; (2000 mm/s)
t1is the response time of the FF-LS light curtain (s)
t2is the stopping time of the equipment (s)
C is additional safety distance C = 8 (minimum object detection - 14) mm
This formula applies for all safety distances of DSgreater than 100 mm up to and including 500 mm. If DSis greater than
500 mm using the formula above, reduce the distance above using the formula below. A minimum distance of 500 mm is
required.
DS≥1600 mm(t1+ t2) + C (mm) where, DSis the safety distance AND DS> 500 mm
V is the velocity of movement (approach speed) into the danger zone; (1600 mm/s)
t1is the response time of the FF-LS light curtain (s)
t2is the stopping time of the equipment (s)
C is additional safety distance C = 8 (minimum object detection - 14) (mm)
DSshall be greater or equal to 500 mm. When access to the danger zone can be gained from over the top, around the
sides, or underneath the safety light curtain, provide additional safeguarding devices (or hardguarding) to prevent access.

17 107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany
Country: European (EN 999)
Protection: Normal approach point-of-operation guarding using a FF-LS14 safety light curtain (14 mm minimum object
detection)
Application: Small mechanical or hydraulic power press
Formula: DS> 2000 (t1+ t2) + C
DSis the safety distance from the light curtain sensing field to the danger zone.
V is the velocity of movement (approach speed) into the danger zone (2000 mm/s).
t1is the response time of the FF-LS light curtain (50 ms).
t2is the stopping time of the equipment guarded by the light curtain including interconnecting components such as all
mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic parts such as relays, solenoids, and brakes (150 mm).
C is additional safety distance, C = 8 (minimum object detection - 14).
For example, if:
V = 2000 mm/s (EN 999).
t1= 50 ms = 0,050 s
t2= 200 ms = 0,200 s
C = 0 mm, 8 (minimum object detection - 14), then:
DS= 2000 (0,050 + 0,200) + 0 = 500 mm
3.3.1.2. United States safety distance calculation
The safety distance DS(see Figure 3-3) allowed between the danger zone and the vertical sensing plane shall be no less
than the value calculated using the following formula:
DS≥63 in (t1+ t2) + C (in) where, DSis the safety distance
V is the velocity of movement (approach speed) into the danger zone; (63 in/s)
t1is the response time of the FF-LS light curtain (s)
t2is the stopping time of the equipment (s)
C is additional safety distance C = 3.4 (minimum object detection - 0.276) (in)
Figure 3-3 Normal approach point-of-operation guarding
Country: USA (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.217, ANSI B11.19 1990)
Protection: Normal approach point-of-operation guarding using a FF-LS14 safety light curtain (14 mm minimum object
detection)
Application: Small mechanical or hydraulic power press
Formula: DS> V (t1+ t2) + C, where,
DSis the safety distance from the light curtain sensing field to the danger zone.
V is the velocity of movement (approach speed) into the danger zone; (63 in/s).
t1is the response time of the FF-LS light curtain (50 ms).
t2is the stopping time of the equipment guarded by the light curtain including interconnecting components such as all
mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic parts such as relays, solenoids, and brakes (150 ms).
C is additional safety distance (0.93 in). C = 3.4 (minimum object detection - 0.276).
For example, if:
V = 63 in/s (ANSI B11.1 and ANSI B11.2).
t1= 50 ms = 0,050 s
t2= 150 ms = 0,150 s
C = 0.93 in, then:
DS= 63 (0,050 + 0,150) + 0.93 = 13.53 in.
DS

107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany 18
3.3.2. Parallel approach point-of-operation guarding
IMPROPER POINT-OF-OPERATION PROTECTION
Install the FF-LS safety light curtains and mechanical guards so that NO person can stand or reach between the light curtain
and the danger zone without being detected.
Failure to comply with these instructions will result in death or serious injury.
If the direction of approach is parallel to the plane of detection (e.g. if the safety light curtain is horizontally mounted, see
Figure 3-4), the minimum safety distance DSfrom the danger zone to the outer beam depends on the height (H) of the light
curtain above the ground.
Figure 3-4 Parallel approach point-of-operation guarding
3.3.2.1. European safety distance calculation
Calculate the safety distance DSusing the formula below:
If 875 < H ≤1000, then DS≥1600 mm(t1+ t2) + 850, t in s
or
If 0 < H ≤875, then DS≥1600 mm(t1+ t2) + (1200 –0,4 H), t in sec, H in mm
The height H should be a maximum of 1000 mm from the ground. However, if the installation height H is greater than
300 mm, there is a risk of inadvertent undetected access beneath the safety light curtain. Install additional protective safety
devices as required. Example: if H = 300 mm, then DS= 1.6 (t1+ t2) + 1080.
Country: European (EN 999)
Protection: Parallel approach point-of-operation guarding using a FF-LS14 safety light curtain (14 mm minimum object
detection)
Application: Small mechanical or hydraulic power press
Formula: DS> 1600 (t1+t2) + (1200 – 0,4H) (mm) where (1200 – 0,4H) > 850 mm
If H is greater than 300 mm (11.82 in), there is a risk of access from under the safety light curtain. For this safety light
curtain, the minimum height allowed is H min. = 0 mm. The maximum height allowed is H max. = 1000 mm (39.37 in).
DSis the safety distance from the light curtain sensing field to the danger zone.
V is the velocity of movement into the danger zone (1600 mm/s).
t1is the response time of the FF-LS light curtain (50 ms).
t2is the stopping time of the equipment guarded by the light curtain including interconnecting components such as all
mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic parts such as relays, solenoids, and brakes.
H is the height of the detection plane (250 mm)
For example, if:
V = 1600 mm/s
t1= 50 ms = 0,050 s
t2= 150 ms = 0,150 s
H = 250 mm, then:
DS= 1600 (0,050 + 0,150) + (1200 – 0,4[250]) = 1420 mm
DS

19 107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany
3.3.3. Angular approach point-of-operation guarding
Country: European (EN 999)
Protection: Angular approach point-of-operation guarding (the direction of approach and the sensing plane forms an angle,
see Figure 3-5)
Application: Small mechanical or hydraulic power press
Formula: If angle αis greater than 30°, but less than 90°(30°< α< 90°), use the NORMAL APPROACH calculation. If the
angle αis less than or equal to 30°(0°< α< 30°), use the PARALLEL APPROACH calculation. In this case, the minimum
height allowed (P) is 0 mm and the maximum height allowed (H) is 1000 mm. However, if P > 300 mm, the risk of
inadvertent access from below must be taken into account.
Figure 3-5 Angular approach point-of-operation guarding
3.4. Reflective surfaces
REFLECTIVE SURFACES
To prevent two optical paths to a receiver (located within each sensing unit), install FF-LS safety light curtains so there are
no reflective surfaces within the beam angles of the sensing units.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury.
Reflective surfaces near the sensing field can cause reflection of the sensing beams and result in two optical paths to a
receiver (located within each sensing unit). This can lead to deflection and prevent detection of an object in sensing field.
The light curtain must be installed so there are no reflective surfaces within the beam angles of the sensing units. The beam
angle of the optics and the alignment tolerance for the sensing units are approximately 2°(see Figure 3-6). A minimum
distance D to the optical axis shall be observed. For a distance L between sensing units A and B, see Figure 3-6.
Figure 3-7 illustrates the minimum safety distance.
Figure 3-6 Distance from reflective surfaces
Unit A
Unit B
DS

107022-16 EN FR26 GLO 301 Printed in Germany 20
Figure 3-7 Minimum safety distance (D)
Scanning distance (L) Minimum distance (D)
0,2 m to 3,0 m (8 in to 10 ft) 105 mm (4.1 in)
3,5 m (11.5 ft) 123 mm (4.8 in) D = tan2°x L
If L ≥ 3 m, the distance can be deduced from the graph below.
Distance L between sensing units A and B (in m)
3.5. Mounting considerations
This section discusses optical alignment and mounting considerations. There are several different ways to mount the FF-LS
Series safety light curtains (singularly, in groups, and in several different orientations).
IMPROPER MACHINE PROTECTION (FF-LS30 ONLY)
The arrow labels located on the sides of the sensing units define the active sensing zone of the FF-LS30 Series light
curtain. The yellow tape located on the front plate of the sensing units defines an inactive non-sensing area. When providing
protection, ensure the danger zone is completely protected and within the sensing zone of the FF-LS30.
Ensure the arrows on sensing units A and B are properly aligned.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury.
3.5.1. Optical alignment procedure
Proper optical alignment of the FF-LS Series safety light curtains ensures optimum operation. Sensing units A and B must
be parallel, at the same height and plane of the beams, and with an angular displacement of no more than +2o. See Figure
3-8 for proper optical alignment. Perform alignment as follows:
Turn one of the sensing units around its longitudinal axis in both directions to locate the point where the sensing field is
interrupted.
Center the sensing unit between the two points of interruption for optimal adjustment.
Repeat steps 1 and 2 for the other sensing unit.
Minimum installation distance (in mm)