IBM PC/2 Series Owner's manual

FRONT
PICTURE 1
Part Number 15F2245
Form Number S64F-3984-01
October 30, 1990
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
FRONT - 1

FRONT_1 Safety Information
Refer to the Hardware Maintenance Reference General Information pamphlet
for the following information:
General Safety
Electrical Safety.
Second Edition (September 1990)
The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any
country where such provisions are inconsistent with local law:
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This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical
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Purchase, NY 10577.
¦ Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1990. All rights
reserved.
Note to US Government users-Documentation related to Restricted
rights-Use, duplication, or disclosure is subject to restrictions set
forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Safety Information
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
FRONT_1 - 1

FRONT_2 Special Notices
References in this publication to IBM products, programs, or services do
not imply that IBM intends to make these available in all countries in
which IBM operates. Any reference to an IBM product, program or service
is not intended to state or imply that only IBM's product, program, or
service may be used. Any functionally equivalent product, program, or
service that does not infringe any of IBM's intellectual property rights
or other legally protectible rights may be used instead of the IBM
product, program, or service. Evaluation and verification of operation in
conjunction with other products, programs, or services, except those
expressly designated by IBM, are the user's responsibility.
IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject
matter in this document. The furnishing of this document does not give
you any license to these patents. You can send license inquiries, in
writing, to the IBM Director of Commercial Relations, IBM Corporation,
Purchase, NY 10577.
The following terms, denoted by an asterisk (*) in this publication, are
trademarks of the IBM Corporation in the United States and/or other
countries:
IBM
Personal System/2
Micro Channel.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Special Notices
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
FRONT_2 - 1

CONTENTS Table of Contents
FRONT_1 Safety Information
FRONT_2 Special Notices
CONTENTS Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction to Diagnostic Tests
1.1 Diagnostic Procedures
1.2 Diagnostic Aids (All models)
2.0 Reference-Diskette-Based Diagnostic Tests
2.1 Power-On Self-Test (POST)
2.2 Advanced Diagnostic Tests
2.2.1 Starting the Advanced Diagnostic Tests.
2.2.2 Diagnostic Program
2.2.3 Presence Test
2.2.4 Installed Devices List
2.2.5 System Checkout
2.2.6 Error Log
2.2.7 Formatting a Fixed Disk Drive
2.2.8 Preparing a Fixed Disk Drive for Moving
3.0 Fixed-Disk-Based Diagnostic Tests
3.1 System Utility Programs
3.2 Selectable Startup
3.3 Example One
3.4 Example Two
3.5 Power-On Self-Test (POST)
3.6 Advanced Diagnostic Tests
3.6.1 Starting the Advanced Diagnostic Tests
3.6.2 Diagnostic Program
3.6.3 Presence Test
3.6.4 Installed Devices List
3.6.5 System Checkout
3.6.6 Error Log
3.6.7 Formatting a Fixed Disk Drive
3.6.8 Relocating The System.
4.0 Hardware Maintenance Service Pamphlet (All models)
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Table of Contents
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
CONTENTS - 1

1.0 Introduction to Diagnostic Tests
This pamphlet provides diagnostic information for IBM (*) Personal
System/2 (*) Micro Channel (*) computers.
Subtopics
1.1 Diagnostic Procedures
1.2 Diagnostic Aids (All models)
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Introduction to Diagnostic Tests
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
1.0 - 1

1.1 Diagnostic Procedures
Advanced diagnostic programs are run in either of two ways:
From the Reference Diskette
From the fixed disk drive
If you are not sure if the system being serviced has fixed disk based or
Reference-Diskette-based diagnostics, refer to the Hardware Maintenance
Reference manual for the system you are servicing.
The information is presented as follows:
Reference-Diskette-based diagnostic Tests
Fixed-disk-based diagnostic Tests
Service pamphlet
For diagnostic information about non-Micro Channel Personal System/2
computers (for example Models 25 and 30), refer to the Diagnostic
Information for Non-Micro Channel Computers pamphlet.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Diagnostic Procedures
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
1.1 - 1

1.2 Diagnostic Aids (All models)
The diagnostic aids used to isolate a failing field replaceable unit (FRU)
are:
Power-On Self-Test (POST)
Advanced diagnostic tests on the Reference Diskette
Hardware Maintenance Service pamphlets.
When instructed to Power-on the system, turn on the power to all
externally attached devices (such as displays, printers, or plotters)
before turning on power to the system unit.
When instructed to Power-off the system, turn off the power to all
externally attached devices and then turn off the power to the system
unit.
(*) Trademarks of the International Business Machines
Corporation.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Diagnostic Aids (All models)
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
1.2 - 1

2.0 Reference-Diskette-Based Diagnostic Tests
This section provides information about Personal System/2 computers that
run the diagnostic programs from the Reference Diskette.
The Reference Diskette is model specific and comes with the IBM Personal
System/2 Hardware Maintenance Service manual. It is permanently write
protected. You can read information from the diskette, but you cannot
write (record) information onto it. Make a backup copy of the diskette as
soon as possible. After the copy is made, put the original Reference
Diskette in a safe place and use the backup copy.
Some programs on the Reference Diskette are used primarily by the user,
some by the servicer, and some by both the user and the servicer. The
advanced diagnostic tests are used primarily by the servicer. For more
information about advanced diagnostic tests, see "Starting the Advanced
Diagnostic Tests." in topic 2.2.1
The Main Menu selections on the Reference Diskette are described as
follows:
1. Backup the Reference Diskette is used to copy the original Reference
Diskette onto another diskette, but not onto a fixed disk drive. To
make a backup copy, use a blank, 2.0MB capacity diskette that is not
write-protected.
2. Set configuration is used to view, change, back up, or restore the
system configuration.
The configuration lists the system:
- Installed and usable memory size
- System board built-in features and their assignments
- Installed options with their location and assignments
- IBM Fixed Disk Drive Adapter
-- Type of drive
-- Arbitration level (assigns system access priority).
The Set configuration program automatically sets the system
configuration when the Reference Diskette is started. During
automatic configuration, the system makes a list of what it sees as
being installed and assigns those items to operate a certain way. If
the configuration program does not recognize an adapter, the program
lists the adapter as the unrecognized adapter (see "Installed Devices
List" later in this section). The configuration information is stored
in the system memory (CMOS) and is kept current by the battery.
Whenever you change, remove, or install an option or the battery, you
must start the Reference Diskette so the system can automatically
configure itself.
View configuration displays the present configuration information
stored in memory.
Change configuration is used to change the configuration
information stored in memory.
Backup configuration copies the configuration stored in memory
onto the backup copy of your Reference Diskette. If changes have
been made to the configuration, back up the configuration onto the
backup copy of the Reference Diskette.
The system configuration is stored in system memory and kept
current by the battery. If the battery is removed, replaced, or
disconnected, the configuration information is lost.
Restore configuration retrieves the configuration information
copied by Back up configuration and restores it to memory. Use
Restore configuration after the battery is removed, replaced, or
disconnected.
Run automatic configuration Run automatic configuration will
automatically verify and update the configuration information
stored in memory.
Warning: A customized setup configuration (other than default
settings) may exist on the system you are servicing. Running
Automatic Configuration may alter those settings. Note the
current configuration settings (using the View Configuration
option) and verify that the same settings are in place when
service is complete.
Set and view SCSI device configuration is used to view or change
SCSI device configurations.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Reference-Diskette-Based Diagnostic Tests
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.0 - 1

Display memory map displays how the system assigns part of the
system memory.
3. Set features contains the following:
Set date and time places the current date and time in memory that
is retained by the battery after the system is powered-off.
Set passwords and network server mode is used to restrict the use
of the system by unauthorized persons. Three types of password
security are available: a power-on password, a keyboard password
and a network server password.
Set keyboard speed is used to set the speed at which the keyboard
responds when you type. Two choices are available: normal (15
cps) and fast (30 cps).
Copy an option diskette is used when an IBM option comes with a
diskette and instructions to update the backup copy of the
Reference Diskette. The option diskette contains the testing
program and configuration information for the option.
Test the computer checks the system hardware. If a problem occurs
during this testing, an error message appears on the display or
terminal.
Move the computer prepares the fixed disk drive for a move.
Subtopics
2.1 Power-On Self-Test (POST)
2.2 Advanced Diagnostic Tests
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Reference-Diskette-Based Diagnostic Tests
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.0 - 2

2.1 Power-On Self-Test (POST)
The power-on self-test (POST) is a series of system tests that verify the
correct operation of the base system and most options. The POST runs each
time the system is powered-on. It compares the system configuration
information it detects with the configuration stored in the CMOS RAM. The
test takes up to 90 seconds to finish, depending on the options installed.
The POST can detect critical and noncritical errors in the following
areas:
System board
Memory
VGA
Keyboard
Diskette drives
Fixed disk drives
Serial port
Parallel port.
Some adapters have Read Only Memory (ROM) modules that contain extended
BIOS routines that work with the system POST.
To start the POST, power-on the system. The following happens:
The keyboard status lights blink on, then off.
While the memory is being tested, the memory size appears in the top
left corner of the screen in 64KB increments.
When the POST is successful, one short beep occurs.
If an operating system is not automatically loaded from a fixed disk
drive and a diskette is not present in drive A, the diskette prompt is
displayed along with the F1 prompt. The diskette and F1 prompts are
icons showing that a diskette should be inserted into diskette drive
A. Press the F1 key to continue loading programs from the diskette.
PICTURE 2
If POST errors are displayed, the F1 key can be pressed to bypass the
errors and allow the POST to attempt to complete. Depending on the error,
the POST may or may not complete.
If the Reference Diskette is present in drive A when a POST error is
detected, the system displays the POST error message along with a message
generated from the Reference Diskette. This additional message instructs
the user to take a specific action to solve the problem. The message is
not intended for use by trained service personnel.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Power-On Self-Test (POST)
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.1 - 1

2.2 Advanced Diagnostic Tests
The advanced diagnostic tests are on the Reference Diskette, which is
located in the Hardware Maintenance Service manual. The Reference
Diskette and Hardware Maintenance Service manual are used to isolate
failing FRUs.
Subtopics
2.2.1 Starting the Advanced Diagnostic Tests.
2.2.2 Diagnostic Program
2.2.3 Presence Test
2.2.4 Installed Devices List
2.2.5 System Checkout
2.2.6 Error Log
2.2.7 Formatting a Fixed Disk Drive
2.2.8 Preparing a Fixed Disk Drive for Moving
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Advanced Diagnostic Tests
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.2 - 1

2.2.1 Starting the Advanced Diagnostic Tests.
1. Insert the Reference Diskette into diskette drive A.
2. Power on the system. Follow the instructions on the screen until the
Main Menu appears.
3. Press and hold the Ctrl key, and then press the A key. This selects
the advanced diagnostic mode.
4. Select System Checkout from the Advanced Diagnostics Menu. Follow the
instructions on the screen to isolate a failing FRU.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Starting theAdvanced Diagnostic Tests.
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.2.1 - 1

2.2.2 Diagnostic Program
The diagnostic program consists of a diagnostic control program (DCP) and
a module of code for each device that is supported by the system. As new
options are developed, modules of code are distributed as supplements and
must be copied to the Reference Diskette.
To copy these modules to the Reference Diskette, a program is provided on
the Reference Diskette. Select Copy an option diskette from the Main Menu
and follow the instructions on the screen.
Memory Diagnostics
System memory diagnostics can detect parity, data, and addressing errors.
The microprocessor writes patterns and reads those patterns to verify
correct memory function. If a data error occurs, the diagnostic tests
display the location of defective memory, the slot number (if the defect
is on a memory expansion adapter), and expected and actual patterns.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Diagnostic Program
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.2.2 - 1

2.2.3 Presence Test
During the initial program load, the DCP links, in sequence, to each of
the modules on the Reference Diskette and performs a presence test for the
device supported by each module. For a successful presence test, the
following conditions must be met:
The module of diagnostic code for that device must be on the diskette.
Note: Some devices have their own stand-alone diagnostic diskette.
The device must be installed or attached.
The device must return a 'ready' acknowledgment value to the DCP.
If these conditions are met, the DCP loads that module into memory, adds
the device name to the installed devices list, and continues with the next
module. These steps are repeated until the DCP has performed a presence
test for each module on the diskette. When all the presence tests have
been performed, the DCP displays the installed devices list.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Presence Test
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.2.3 - 1

2.2.4 Installed Devices List
This list contains the devices that met all the conditions described in
"Presence Test." The servicer must verify this list.
An incorrect installed devices list can be caused by:
The module of code for a device is not on the Reference Diskette.
The device is unknown to the DCP and ignored.
The device is not installed or attached.
The device is not functioning.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Installed Devices List
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.2.4 - 1

2.2.5 System Checkout
Run System Checkout when a problem occurs, after a new option is
installed, or after maintenance work is done on the system.
To run System Checkout:
1. Start the advanced diagnostic tests.
2. Select "System Checkout."
3. Follow the instructions on the screen.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
System Checkout
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.2.5 - 1

2.2.6 Error Log
The following steps allow you to create an Error Log, start the advanced
diagnostic tests, select System Checkout, and automatically record error
messages in the Error Log. This procedure is normally used when
diagnosing an intermittent problem or exercising the system.
You cannot log errors to a diskette drive that is being tested. If you
plan to test a diskette drive, you must log the errors to the primary
printer or to a diskette drive not being tested.
To create the Error Log:
1. Start the advanced diagnostic tests.
2. Select System Checkout.
3. Select Error Log.
4. Follow the instructions on the screen.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Error Log
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.2.6 - 1

2.2.7 Formatting a Fixed Disk Drive
Warning: Formatting results in a complete loss of data on the fixed disk
drive; have the user refer to the operating system manual and back up all
information before formatting.
Before you replace a failing fixed disk drive, try to format the drive as
follows:
1. Start the advanced diagnostic tests.
2. Select Format Fixed Disk.
3. Follow the instructions on the screen.
Notes:
1. Fixed disk drives normally contain more tracks than their stated
capacity (to allow for defective tracks). A message appears on the
screen when the defect limit has been reached and service is
recommended.
2. The diagnostic format program is different from the operating-system
format program. Before you can transfer information from backup
diskettes to the fixed disk drive, the fixed disk drive must be
formatted using the operating-system format program. Refer to the
operating-system manual for a description of the format program
commands.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Formatting aFixed Disk Drive
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.2.7 - 1

2.2.8 Preparing a Fixed Disk Drive for Moving
Before moving the system unit or removing the fixed disk drive for
service, select Move the computer from the Main Menu on the Reference
Diskette. This parks the heads of the fixed disk drive to help prevent
damage to the drive.
Note: All SCSI fixed disk drives automatically position the read/write
heads in nondata areas when the system is powered-off.
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Preparing a Fixed Disk Drive for Moving
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
2.2.8 - 1

3.0 Fixed-Disk-Based Diagnostic Tests
Subtopics
3.1 System Utility Programs
3.2 Selectable Startup
3.3 Example One
3.4 Example Two
3.5 Power-On Self-Test (POST)
3.6 Advanced Diagnostic Tests
IBM HMR Diagnostics for Micro Channel
Fixed-Disk-Based Diagnostic Tests
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1990
3.0 - 1