Kongsberg EM 2040C User manual

Installation manual
EM 2040C
Multibeam Echo Sounder

KongsbergEM2040C
MultibeamEchoSounder
Installationmanual
378789/C
July2015©KongsbergMaritimeAS

Revisionstatus
Documentnumber:378789/RevisionC
Rev.AJanuary2013Firstrevision.
Rev.BDecember2013
ProcessingUnit:AddedinformationforSlimPU
Sonarhead:updatedwithlowproleconnector
Rev.CJuly2015Addedcableplansfordualswathandinfo.aboutSlimPUsetup
Copyright
©2015KongsbergMaritimeAS
TheinformationcontainedinthisdocumentremainsthesolepropertyofKongsbergMaritimeAS.Nopart
ofthisdocumentmaybecopiedorreproducedinanyformorbyanymeans,andtheinformationcontained
withinitisnottobecommunicatedtoathirdparty,withoutthepriorwrittenconsentofKongsberg
MaritimeAS.Thedocument,oranypartofit,maynotbetranslatedtoanyotherlanguagewithoutthe
writtenapprovalfromKongsbergMaritimeAS.
Disclaimer
KongsbergMaritimeASendeavourstoensurethatallinformationinthisdocumentiscorrectandfairly
stated,butdoesnotacceptliabilityforanyerrorsoromissions.
Warning
Theequipmenttowhichthismanualappliesmustonlybeusedforthepurposeforwhichitwas
designed.Improperuseormaintenancemaycausedamagetotheequipmentand/orinjury
topersonnel.Allusersmustbefamiliarwiththecontentsoftheappropriatemanualsbefore
attemptingtoinstall,operate,maintainorinanyotherwayworkontheequipment.
KongsbergMaritimeASdisclaimsanyresponsibilityfordamageorinjurycausedbyimproper
installation,useormaintenanceoftheequipment.
Supportinformation
Ifyourequiremaintenanceorrepair,contactoneofourofces,distributorsordealers.Youcanalsocontact
ususingthefollowingaddress:[e-mail]t
ourotherproducts,visithttp://www.km.kongsberg.com.
SeealsoSupportinformationonpage15.
KongsbergMaritimeAS
www.kongsberg.com

Installationmanual
Tableofcontents
ABOUTTHISMANUAL.......................................................7
KONGSBERGEM2040C.....................................................8
Systemdescription...................................................................................................9
Systemdiagram......................................................................................................11
Systemunits...........................................................................................................12
Sonarhead.................................................................................................12
Processingunit...........................................................................................12
Ethernetswitch...........................................................................................12
OperatorStation.........................................................................................13
Networksecurity....................................................................................................13
Supportinformation...............................................................................................15
PREPARATIONS..............................................................16
Locatingthesonarhead..........................................................................................17
Godeeptoescapetheboundarywaterlayer..................................................17
Stayawayfromthepropellers......................................................................18
Chooseapositionfarawayfromthebowthruster(s).....................................18
Avoidprotrudingobjects.............................................................................19
Summaryandgeneralrecommendations.......................................................19
INSTALLINGTHESONARHEAD.......................................21
Sonarheaddescription...........................................................................................22
Installationguidelines.............................................................................................23
Externalmounting..................................................................................................24
Blistermounting.....................................................................................................25
Keelmounting........................................................................................................29
Retractablehullmounting......................................................................................30
Flushmounting.......................................................................................................31
Nonpermanentmounting.......................................................................................31
Cabling...................................................................................................................34
ALIGNMENT....................................................................35
Introduction............................................................................................................36
Accuracyrequirements...........................................................................................36
Vesselcoordinatesystem........................................................................................37
Thesensors.............................................................................................................38
Waterline.................................................................................................................40
Sonarheadmeasurements......................................................................................40
Calibration..............................................................................................................42
Requirementsforsurveyreport..............................................................................44
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INSTALLINGTHESLIMPROCESSINGUNIT....................45
CBMFboarddipswitchsetting..............................................................................45
ProcessingUnitSetup............................................................................................46
Upgradetodualswath.................................................................................47
UpgradetotwoProcessingUnits.................................................................47
CABLELAYOUTANDINTERCONNECTIONS......................48
Cableplan–singlehead–slimPU........................................................................49
Cableplan–singlehead–dualswath–slimPU..................................................50
Cableplan–dualhead–slimPU..........................................................................51
Cableplan–dualhead–dualswath–slimPU.....................................................52
Cableplan–singlehead–PU1.............................................................................54
Cableplan–dualhead–PU1...............................................................................55
Listofcables..........................................................................................................58
Cabledrawings.......................................................................................................62
RJ45SerialinterfaceRS232........................................................................63
RJ45SerialinterfaceRS422........................................................................64
CongurableRJ45toD-SUBinterfaceadapter.............................................65
RJ45to9-pinD-SUBdirectserialcableRS232............................................66
RJ45to9-pinD-SUBdirectserialcableRS422............................................67
GenericRS-232Serialline..........................................................................68
Externalsynchronizationinterface..............................................................69
ACmainswithIEClock..............................................................................70
RJ45Ethernet,screened(straightandcrossover)...........................................72
EM2040CTransducercablew/lowproleconnector...................................73
EM2040CTransducercablew/circularconnector........................................75
DRAWINGFILE...............................................................77
Sonarheadw/lowproleconnector,outlinedimensions......................................78
Sonarheadw/circularconnector,outlinedimensions...........................................79
Slimprocessingunit(EM2040C-2),outlinedimensions......................................80
Processingunit(EM2040C-1),outlinedimensions..............................................81
TECHNICALSPECIFICATIONS.........................................82
Performancespecications.....................................................................................83
Weightsandoutlinedimensions.............................................................................84
Powerspecications...............................................................................................86
Environmentalspecications.................................................................................87
Interfacespecications...........................................................................................88
Alignmentspecications........................................................................................90
AGENERALSAFETYRULES.................................................91
BEQUIPMENTHANDLING..................................................92
Transportation.........................................................................................................93
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Lifting.....................................................................................................................93
Storagepriortoinstallationoruse.........................................................................94
Inspection...............................................................................................................95
Unpacking..............................................................................................................95
Generalunpackingprocedure......................................................................95
Unpackingelectronicandelectromechanicalunits........................................96
Unpackingmechanicalunits........................................................................96
Unpackingtransducers................................................................................96
Storageafterunpacking..........................................................................................97
Storageafteruse.....................................................................................................97
Cleaningcabinets........................................................................................97
Mechanicalunits.........................................................................................98
Cables........................................................................................................98
Internalbatteries.........................................................................................98
Dehumidier..............................................................................................99
Coatings.....................................................................................................99
Re-packaging..........................................................................................................99
Temperatureprotection...........................................................................................99
Circuitboardhandlingandpackaging..................................................................100
Electro-StaticDischarge(ESD)............................................................................101
Disposal................................................................................................................101
CBASICCABLEREQUIREMENTS......................................103
Cabletrays............................................................................................................104
RadioFrequencyinterference..............................................................................104
Physicalprotection...............................................................................................105
Grounding.............................................................................................................105
Cableconnections.................................................................................................106
Cableterminations................................................................................................106
Cableidentication...............................................................................................106
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Aboutthismanual
Aboutthismanual
Purpose
Thepurposeofthismanualistoprovidetheinformationandbasicdrawingsrequiredfor
installationoftheKongsbergEM2040C.
Targetaudience
Themanualisintendedfortechnicalpersonnel;qualiedmaintenanceengineersand
technicians.Itisassumedthatthepersonnelisconversantwiththegeneralprinciplesof
maritimeelectronicequipment,inparticularechosounderandhydrographicsystems.
Thepersonnelmustalsobefamiliarwithcomputerhardware,signalprocessing,interface
technologyandtraditionaltroubleshootingonelectronicandmechanicalproducts.
WeassumethatyouarefamiliarwiththeWindows®7operatingsystem,andconversant
withnetworkaddressingandcommunicationprinciples.
Installationinstructions
Theinstructionsprovidedinthismanualmustbefollowedcarefullytoensureoptimal
performance.Asaguide,installationproceduresarepresentedintheordertheyareto
beperformed.
Note
Theinstallationinstructionsgiveninthisdocumentmustbeadheredto.Failuretodoso
mayrendertheguaranteevoid.
KongsbergMaritimeASwillacceptnoresponsibilityforanydamageorinjurytothe
system,vesselorpersonnelcausedbyequipmentthathasbeenincorrectlyinstalledor
maintained,orbydrawings,instructionsorproceduresthathavenotbeenprepared
byus.
Registeredtrademarks
Windows®,WindowsXP®,andWindows®7areeitherregisteredtrademarks,or
trademarksofMicrosoftCorporationintheUnitedStatesand/orothercountries.
EM®isaregisteredtrademarkofKongsbergMaritimeASinNorwayandothercountries.
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KongsbergEM2040C
KongsbergEM2040C
StudythischaptertofamiliarizeyourselfwiththeKongsbergEM2040C.
Topics
•Systemdescriptiononpage9
•Systemdiagramonpage11
•Systemunitsonpage12
•Networksecurityonpage13
•Supportinformationonpage15
Relatedtopics
•Generalsafetyrulesonpage91
•Equipmenthandlingonpage92
•Basiccablerequirementsonpage103
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Systemdescription
•Highresolution
•Widefrequencyrange
•Shortpulselengths,largebandwidth
•FMchirp
•Completerollandpitchstabilization
•Neareldfocusingbothontransmitandreceive
•Watercolumn
•Seabedimage
•Swathcoverage:
–Singlehead:130degrees
–Dualhead:200degrees
•Depthrating:
–EM2040C:50m
–EM2040CX:1500m
•Easytoinstall
•Dualswathasoption
TheEM2040C(C=Compact)isashallowwatermultibeamechosounderbasedonthe
EM2040technology,anidealtoolforanyhighresolutionmappingandinspection
application.Thereceiverandtransmitterareintegratedinacommonsonarhead,with
thesamedimensionsastheEM3002.ThesystemfullstheIHO-S44specialorder
andthemorestringentLINZspecication.
TheEM2040CisavailableinanEM2040CXversionwherethesubseaparthasadepth
ratingof1500mforoperationonROVorAUV
Yawstabilizationisavailableindualheadconguration.Eachheadusesonesector,and
byindependentlysteeringeachsectorthesystemcanstabilizefortheyawmovement
ofthevessel.
Theoperatingfrequencyrangeisfrom200to400kHzwithfrequencyselectioninstep
of10kHz,enablingtheusertochooseontheythebestoperatingfrequencyforthe
application.Duetotheverylargeoperatingbandwidthavailablethesystemwillhavean
outputsamplerateofmorethan60kHz.Thesystemwillthuseffectivelyoperatewith
veryshortpulselengths,lessthan25microseconds,whichgivesarawrangeresolution
(cτ/2)of18mmandanaccuracyoflessthan10mm(cτ/4).
Indualheadmode,bothheadsareoperatedindependentlycreatingoneswathfrom
eachheadsimultaneously.Thisisduetoaveryexiblesolutionbyusingtwodifferent
frequenciesforeachhead.
ByutilizingbothCWandFMchirppulses,thesystemcanachieveamuchlongerrange
capabilitywithahigherresolution.Themaximumdepthrangeis520mat200kHzand
aswathwithupto690mwithdualhead.
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Theangularcoveragefor200to300kHzisupto130ºwithonesonarhead,allowing
coverageof4.3timeswaterdepth.Withtwosonarheads,tilted35-40degreestoeach
side,200ºcanbecovered.Thisallowssurveyingtothewatersurfaceorupto10times
waterdepthonatbottoms.Forfrequenciesabove320kHztheangularcoverageper
headisgraduallydecreasingto70ºat400kHz.
AsanoptiontheEM2040Ccanbedeliveredwiththedualswathcapability,allowinga
sufcientsoundingdensityalongtrackatahighvesselspeed.
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Systemdiagram
EM 2040
Hydrographic
Work
Station
Processing
Unit
Interfaces:
- positioning systems
- attitude (roll, pitch and heave)
- velocity
- heading
- clock
Special interfaces:
- trigger input/output
- clock synchronization
Supply voltage:
- 115 or 230 V ac 50/60 Hz
Interfaces:
- sound speed sensor
- tide
- center depth output
Internal
Ethernet
(cd02104001)
Gbit Ethernet / power
Gbit Ethernet / power
Sonar head Second sonar head
(optional)
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Systemunits
TheKongsbergEM2040Ccomprisesthefollowingmainunits.
Topics
•Sonarheadonpage12
•Processingunitonpage12
•OperatorStationonpage13
Sonarhead
TheEM2040Csonarheadisashortcylindrical
containerwiththetransducerslocatedononeend,and
withcableconnectorandfasteningholesontheother.
Theendwiththetransducersisthesonarhead’s“face”.
Asinglecablewithanunderwaterplug,connectsthe
sonarheadtotheprocessingunit.
Processingunit
TheEM2040CProcessingUnitisbasicallyastandard
computerusingacommerciallyavailableprocessor
board.Italsoprovidessignalprocessingboards.
Receivedataislteredandbeamformedusingthe
signalprocessingboards,thentransferredtotheprocessorboard.Theprocessorboard
hasserialinterfacesforinputofexternaltime-criticalsensors,andanEthernetlinefor
communicationwiththeHydrographicWorkStation.
TheEM2040CProcessingUnitreceivesinformationdirectlyfromtheEM2040C
sonarhead(s).
Theprocessingunitalsosupplies48VDCpowertothesonarhead(s).
Ethernetswitch
AhighcapacityEthernetswitchissometimesrequired.
IfyouusemorethanoneProcessingUnitinyourEM2040Csystem,youmustusean
EthernetswitchtoconnecteachProcessingUnittotheHydrographicWorkStation.
AhighcapacityEthernetswitch(1000BASE-T)isincludedintheEM2040Cdeliveryin
thiscase.
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OperatorStation
ThemainoperatorstationoftheEM2040Csystemis
theHydrographicWorkStation(HWS).Thisisahigh
performancePCworkstationrunningontheMicrosoft
Windows7operatingsystem.Theoperationalsoftware
providedwiththeHWSistheSeaoorInformation
System(SIS).
Thissoftwarewill,asaminimum,allowyoutodenetherun-timeparameters,andto
logdata.
TheSISalsoincludesfunctionalityforsurveyplanning,two-andthreedimensional
geographicaldisplayofthesurveyresults,seabedimageandwatercolumndisplays,plus
real-timedatacleaningalgorithms.Third-partysoftwaresolutionsmayalsobeusedfor
theoperatorinterfaceandreal-timeprocessing.
TheHydrographicWorkStationcommunicateswiththeEM2040Cprocessingunitand
theship’snetworkusingEthernet.
Networksecurity
EquipmentmanufacturedbyKongsbergMaritimearefrequentlyconnectedtotheship's
localareanetwork.Connectinganycomputertoanetworkwillalwaysexposethedata
onthatcomputertoallothercomputersconnectedtothenetwork.Severalthreatsmay
immediatelyoccur:
•Remotecomputerscanreadthedata.
•Remotecomputerscanchangethedata.
•Remotecomputerscanchangethebehaviorofthecomputer,forexamplebyinstalling
unwantedsoftware.
Usually,twoparametersareusedtodenethethreatlevel:
•Thelikelihoodthatanyremoteconnectionwilldoanyoftheabove.
•Thedamagedoneifaremoteconnectionsucceedsdoingthis.
BecauseKongsbergMaritimehasnoinformationregardingthecompletesystem
installationonanyvessel,wecannotestimatethethreatlevelandtheneedfornetwork
security.Forthisreason,wecannotacceptresponsibilityfornetworksecurity.Systems
providedbyKongsbergMaritimeareregardedasstand-alonesystems,eventhoughthey
maybeconnectedtoanetworkforsensorinterfacesand/ordatadistribution.
Important
NosafetyapplicationsareinstalledonanyKongsbergMaritimecomputerstoprotect
theseagainstviruses,malwareorunintentionalaccessfromexternalusers.
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SecuringtheEM2040Citselfhasnomeaningunlessthereisapolicyinplacethat
securesallcomputersinthenetwork,includingphysicalaccessbytrainedandtrusted
users.Thismustalwaysbeataskforthecustomertoimplement.
IfyouwishtoconnecttheEM2040Ctotheship'snetwork,youmustimplementthesame
securitymechanismsontheEM2040Ccomputer(s)asfortherestofthenetwork.In
thetentativestandardfromDetNorskeV eritas(DNV)-IntegratedSoftwareDependent
System(DNV-OS-D203)–thisisdescribedasataskforthenetworkresponsiblepersonin
chargeoftheoverallbehaviourofthenetworksystem.Somekeyelementsheremustbe:
•Thesameanti-virusprotectiononallcomputers,includingroutinesforupdating
thisprotection.
•Thesamesettingsfortherewallonallcomputers.
•Controlledphysicalaccesstocomputersonthenetwork.
•Trustedoperators.
•Log-inaccessmechanisms
•Samepolicyforattachingperipheralequipmenttothecomputers(USBdevices,
harddrivesetc)
•Installationofprogramsonanycomputerinthenetwork,vericationthateach
programisauthentic.
•Denitionofwhichprogramsareallowedtorunoneachcomputer.
•Loggingmechanismofcomputeractivity,andinspectionoftheselogs.
Howtodeneandimplementtheserulesdependsoneachenduser'snetworksystem
conguration,whichagainmustbearesultofthepoliciesandthreatlevelstheenduser
hasdenedforthecompleteinstallation.Forsomeproductsthenetworkconsistsofonly
processorunitsorworkstations,transceiversandafewsensors.Onothervessels,larger
computersystemscanbeinstalledtoincludenumerousproductsanddatasystems.As
theDNV-OS-D203suggests,theremustbeoneresponsiblepersonforthesecurityof
asystem,largeorsmall.
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Supportinformation
IfyouneedtechnicalsupportontheEM2040Csystemyoumustcontacta
KongsbergMaritimeofce.Alistofalloursupportofcesisprovidedon
http://www.km.kongsberg.com.
YoucanalsocontactourmainsupportofceinNorway.
•Address:Strandpromenaden50,3190Horten,Norway
•Telephone:
–[phone]
–[phone]
•Telephone,24h:[phone]
•E-mailaddress:[email protected]
•Website:http://www.km.kongsberg.com
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KongsbergEM2040C
Preparations
ThischapterprovidestheinformationnecessarytoplantheinstallationoftheKongsberg
EM2040CaccordingtoKongsbergMaritime’srequirements.
Correctlocationofthesonarhead(s)isvitalfortheoperationalperformance.
Severalvariablesmustbetakenintoconsideration,themostimportantofwhichisthe
vessel’sconstruction.Thisguidecanbeusedtoselectthebestlocationforthesonar
headandprocessingunit.
Topics
•Locatingthesonarheadonpage17
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Preparations
Locatingthesonarhead
Asingleanswertothequestion“wheretoinstallthesonarhead(s)”cannotbegiven.
Thephysicallocationofthesonarheaddependsonthevessel'sdesignandconstruction,
howthehullisshaped,andhowthewaterrunsalongthehull.Therearehowevera
numberofimportantguidelines,andsomeoftheseareevenconicting.
Topics
•Godeeptoescapetheboundarywaterlayeronpage17
•Stayawayfromthepropellersonpage18
•Chooseapositionfarawayfromthebowthruster(s)onpage18
•Avoidprotrudingobjectsonpage19
•Summaryandgeneralrecommendationsonpage19
Godeeptoescapetheboundarywaterlayer
Theupperwaterlayersoftheseacontainamyriadofsmallairbubblescreatedby
breakingwaves.Inheavyseastheuppermost5-10metresmaybeair-lled,withthe
highestconcentrationsnearthesurface.Airbubblesabsorbandreectsoundwaves,and
mayintheworstconditionsblocksoundtransmissiontotally.
Whenyourvesselmovesthroughthesea,thefrictionbetweenthehullandthewater
createsaboundarylayer.Thethicknessoftheboundarylayerdependsuponthevessel
speedandtheroughnessofitshull.Anyobjectsprotrudingfromthehull,andanydents
inthehull,willdisturbtheowandincreasethethicknessoftheboundarylayer.
Theowinthisboundarylayermaybelaminarorturbulent.Alaminarowisanicely
ordered,parallelmovementofthewater.Aturbulentowhasadisorderlypattern,full
ofeddies.Theboundarylayerincreasesinthicknesswhentheowgoesfromlaminarto
turbulent.
Boundarylayersunderneathavessel
ATurbulentow
BLaminarow
CAirbubblesinthewater
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Furthermore,airbubblesintheseawaterarepusheddownbelowthehullandmixedinto
theboundarylayer.Theboundarylayeristhinunderneaththeforwardpartofthevessel,
andincreasesinthicknessasitmovestowardsaft.Ifthesidesofthehullaresteep,some
oftheairbubblesintheboundarylayermayescapetotheseasurfacealongthevessel
sides.Itisourexperiencethatawideandatbottom,witharisinganglelessthanabout
13degreesathwarthship,ispronetocauseairproblemsforatransducer.
Theconclusionisthatthesonarhead(s)shouldbemountedasdeepaspossible,and
intheforwardpartofthehull.
However,thisisnotaninvariablerule.Certainthrusterdesignscombinedwithits
physicallocationonthehullmaystilloffersuitablelocationsnearthethruster.Ifyouare
indoubt,consultanavalarchitect.
Stayawayfromthepropellers
Cavitation Thepropulsionpropelleristhedominant
noisesourceonmostvessels.Thenoise
istransmittedthroughtheseawater,and
mayinextremecasesreducethemaximum
rangecapabilityoftheEM2040C,despite
itshighoperationalfrequency.
Forthisreason,thesonarheadshouldbe
placedfarawayfromthepropeller,which
meansontheforepartofthehull.Positions
outsidethedirectlineofsightfromthe
propellerarefavourable.
Onsmallvesselswithshortdistancesit
isadvisedtomountthesonarheadon
thatsideofthekeelwherethepropellerbladesmoveupwards,becausethepropeller
cavitationisstrongestontheotherside.Thecavitationstartsmosteasilywhenthewater
owsinthesamedirectionasthepropellerblade,andthatistosomedegreethecaseat
thatsideofthekeelwherethepropellerbladesmovedownwards.
Chooseapositionfarawayfromthebowthruster(s)
Bowthrusterpropellersareextremelynoisy.Wheninoperation,thenoiseandcavitation
bubblescreatedbythethrustermaketheechosounderorsonaruseless,almostno
matterwherethetransducerisinstalled.Andwhennotinoperation,thetunnelcreates
turbulence.Ifyourvesselispitching,thetunnelmaybelledwithairoraeratedwaterin
theupperpositionandreleasethisinthelowerposition.
Ingeneral,thesonarheadmustthereforebeplacedwellawayfromthebowthruster.In
mostcases,alocationforwardofthebowthrusterisadvantageous.
However,thisisnotaninvariablerule.Certainthrusterdesignscombinedwithits
physicallocationonthehullmaystilloffersuitablelocationsnearthethruster.Ifyouare
indoubt,consultanavalarchitect.
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