HBM U9B User manual

A0137-7.0 en/de/fr
Force transducer
Kraftaufnehmer
Capteur de force
U9B
Mounting Instructions
Montageanleitung
Notice de montage

English Seite 3 - 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deutsch Page 23 - 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Français Page 44 - 66. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Contents Page
English
Safety information 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 Scope of supply 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 General application instructions 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 Structure and mode of operation 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.1 Transducer 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 SG cover 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 Conditions on site 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.1 Ambient temperature 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2 Moisture and corrosion protection 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.3 Deposits 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.4 External pressure 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 Mechanical installation 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1 Important precautions during installation 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2 General installation guidelines 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.3 Installation with tension/compression bars 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.3.1 Installation and locking with initial stress
(recommended installation variant) 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.3.2 Installation and locking with tightening torque 14. . . . . . . . . .
5.4 Installation with direct connection 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.5 Installation with knuckle eyes 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.5.1 Installation and locking with initial stress
(recommended installation variant) 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.5.2 Installation and locking with tightening torque 15. . . . . . . . . .
6 Electrical connection 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.1 Connection with four‐wire configuration 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.2 Shortening the cable 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.3 Cable extension 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4 EMC protection 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 Specifications 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 Dimensions 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.1 U9B with nominal force range 50N to 200N 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.2 U9B with nominal force range 500N to 50kN 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.3 Mounting aids 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Safety information
Designated use
The force transducers type U9B are suitable for measuring static and dynamic
tensile and compressive forces. Any other use is not the designated use.
To ensure safe operation, the regulations in the assembly and operating in
structions, together with the following safety rules and regulations, and the
data specified in the technical data sheets, must be complied with. It is also
essential to observe the applicable legal and safety regulations for the ap
plication concerned.
The force transducers are not intended for use as safety components. Please
also refer to the section “Additional safety precautions”. Proper and safe op
eration of the force transducer requires proper transportation, correct storage,
siting and mounting, and careful operation.
Loading capacity limits
The data in the technical data sheet must be complied with when using the
force transducer. In particular, the respective maximum loads specified must
never be exceeded. The following limits set out in the technical data sheets
must not be exceeded
•Limit forces
•Lateral limit forces
•Breaking forces
•Permissible dynamic loads
•Temperature limits
•Limits of electrical loading capacity
Please note that when several force transducers are interconnected, the load/
force distribution is not always uniform.
Use as a machine element
The force transducers can be used as machine elements. When used in this
manner, it must be noted that, to favor greater sensitivity, the force transducer
cannot be designed with the safety factors usual in mechanical engineering.
Please refer here to the section “Loading capacity limits” and the technical
data.
Accident prevention
The prevailing accident prevention regulations must be taken into account,
even though the nominal (rated) force values in the destructive range are well
in excess of the full scale value.

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Additional safety precautions
The force transducers cannot (as passive transducers) implement any (safety‐
relevant) cutoffs. This requires additional components and constructive mea
sures for which the installer and operator of the plant is responsible.
In cases where a breakage or malfunction of the force transducer would
cause injury to persons or damage to equipment, the user must take appropri
ate additional safety measures that meet at least the requirements of applica
ble safety and accident prevention regulations (e.g. automatic emergency
shutdown, overload protection, catch straps or chains, or other fall protection).
The layout of the electronics conditioning the measurement signal should be
such that measurement signal failure does not cause damage.
General dangers of failing to follow the safety instructions
The force transducers are state‐of‐the‐art and reliable. Transducers can give
rise to remaining dangers if they are incorrectly operated or inappropriately
mounted, installed and operated by untrained personnel. Every person in
volved with siting, starting‐up, operating or repairing a force transducer must
have read and understood the mounting instructions and in particular the
technical safety instructions. The force transducers can be damaged or de
stroyed by non‐designated use of the force transducer or by non‐compliance
with the mounting and operating instructions, these safety instructions or any
other applicable safety regulations (BG safety and accident prevention regula
tions) when using the force transducers. Force transducers can break, partic
ularly in the case of overloading. The breakage of a force transducer can also
cause damage to property or injury to persons in the vicinity of the force trans
ducer.
If force transducers are not used according to their designated use, or if the
safety instructions or specifications in the mounting‐ and operating instruc
tions are ignored, it is also possible that the force transducer may fail or mal
function, with the result that persons or property may be affected (due to the
loads acting on or being monitored by the force transducer).
The scope of supply and performance of the transducer covers only a small
area of force measurement technology, as measurements with (resistive)
strain gage sensors presuppose the use of electronic signal processing. In
addition, equipment planners, installers and operators should plan, implement
and respond to the safety engineering considerations of force measurement
technology in such a way as to minimize residual dangers. Prevailing regula
tions must be complied with at all times.

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Markings used in this document
The marking below warns of a potentially dangerous situation in which failure
to comply with safety requirements can result in death or serious physical in
jury.
WARNING
Description of a potentially dangerous situation
Measures to avoid/prevent the danger
The marking below warns of a potentially dangerous situation in which failure
to comply with safety requirements can result in slight or moderate physical
injury.
CAUTION
Description of a potentially dangerous situation
Measures to avoid/prevent the danger
The marking below warns of a situation in which failure to comply with safety
requirements could lead to damage to property.
NOTE
Description of a situation that could lead to damage to property
The marking below draws your attention to important information about the
product or about handling the product.
Important
Important information
The marking below contains application tips or other information that is useful
to you.

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Tip
Information/Application instructions
Conversions and modifications
The transducer must not be modified from the design or safety engineering
point of view except with our express agreement. Any modification shall ex
clude all liability on our part for any damage resulting therefrom.
Maintenance
The U9B force transducer is maintenance free.
Disposal
In accordance with national and local environmental protection and material
recovery and recycling regulations, old transducers that can no longer be
used must be disposed of separately and not with normal household garbage.
If you need more information about waste disposal, please contact your local
authorities or the dealer from whom you purchased the product.
Qualified personnel
Qualified personnel means persons entrusted with siting, mounting, starting
up and operating the product, who possess the appropriate qualifications for
their function.
This includes people who meet at least one of the three following require
ments:
- Knowledge of the safety concepts of automation technology is a require
ment and as project personnel, you must be familiar with these concepts.
- As automation plant operating personnel, you have been instructed how to
handle the machinery. You are familiar with the operation of the equipment
and technologies described in this documentation.
- As commissioning engineers or service engineers, you have successfully
completed the training to qualify you to repair the automation systems. You
are also authorized to activate, ground and label circuits and equipment in
accordance with safety engineering standards.
It is also essential to comply with the legal and safety requirements for the ap
plication concerned during use. The same applies to the use of accessories.
The force transducer must only be installed by qualified personnel, strictly in
accordance with the specifications and with the safety requirements and regu
lations listed below.

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1 Scope of supply
•1 Force transducer U9B
•1 Mounting instructions
•1 Manufacturing certificate
2 General application instructions
The U9B type series force transducers are suitable for measuring tensile and
compressive forces. Because they provide highly accurate static and dynamic
force measurements, they must be handled very carefully. Particular care
must be taken when transporting and installing the devices. Dropping or
knocking the transducers may cause permanent damage.
The relatively thin housing covers must not be damaged, particularly at nomi
nal (rated) forces up to 200 N, otherwise the transducer will become useless,
see section 3.2 on Page 9.
The specifications list the permissible limits for mechanical, thermal and elec
trical stress. It is essential that these are taken into account when planning the
measuring set‐up, during installation and ultimately, during operation.

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3 Construction and mode of operation
3.1 Transducer
The measuring body is a membrane that is mounted on four strain gages
(SG) so that two are stretched and two compressed. The membrane with the
SG is elastically deformed by the force acting in the measuring direction. The
strain gauge changes its ohmic resistance in proportion to its change in length
and so unbalances the Wheatstone bridge. If there is a bridge excitation volt
age, the circuit produces an output signal proportional to the change in resist
ance and thus also proportional to the applied force.
The force is applied to the measuring body of the U9B via two threaded bolts.
For smaller measuring ranges up to 200 N, one side is designed as an
adapter which is connected via three screws (M3) to the transducer (see
Fig 3.1). By undoing these screws, you can remove the adapter and mount
the transducer directly. The zero signal may change by max. 2% due to this. If
the adapter is mounted again, the screws must be tightened with a tightening
torque of 0.75N⋅m.
Fig 3.1: Adapter connection with three screws
3.2 SG cover
To protect the SG, the U9B force transducers are welded with a thin metal
plate. This procedure offers the SG a high protection against environmental
influences.

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Do not load here
Fig 3.2: Housing cover
NOTE
The relatively thin housing cover (specially within the measuring range up to
200 N) of the transducer must not be stressed. The specifications list the per
missible limits for mechanical, thermal and electrical stress. They must be
complied with, otherwise the transducer can be destroyed.

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4 Conditions on site
Protect the transducer from weather conditions such as rain, snow, ice and
salt water.
4.1 Ambient temperature
The temperature effects on the zero signal and on the sensitivity are compen
sated.
To obtain optimum measurement results, the nominal (rated) temperature
range must be complied with. Constant, or very slowly changing, tempera
tures are best. Temperature‐related measurement errors are caused by heat
ing on one side (e.g. radiant heat) or by cooling. A radiation shield and all‐
round thermal insulation produces noticeable improvements, but must not be
allowed to set up a force shunt.
Tip
Hand warmth can cause a one‐sided warming of the transducer. Such temper
ature gradients can change, e.g. the zero point of the transducer. We there
fore recommend, after such warming, to wait approx. 15 minutes before start
ing measurements so that the thermal equilibrium can be restored.
4.2 Moisture and corrosion protection
Series U9B force transducers are hermetically encapsulated and are therefore
very insensitive to moisture. The transducers reach the protection class IP67
per DIN EN 60259 (test conditions: 0.5 hours under 1m water column). Nev
ertheless, the force transducers must be protected against permanent mois
ture influence.
The housing of the transducer is completely made of stainless steel. The
transducer must be protected against chemicals that could attack the trans
ducer body steel or the cable (polyurethane, PUR).
With stainless steel force transducers, please note that acids and all materials
which release ions will also attack stainless steels and their welded seams.
Should there be any corrosion, this could cause the force transducer to fail. In
this case, appropriate protective measures must be implemented.

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NOTE
Moisture must not be allowed to penetrate the free end of the connection
cable. Otherwise the characteristic values of the transducer could change and
therefore cause measurement errors.
4.3 Deposits
Dust, dirt and other foreign matter must not be allowed to accumulate suffi
ciently to divert some of the measuring force onto the housing, thus invalidat
ing the measured value (force shunt).
4.4 External pressure
The external air pressure for the transducer with measuring ranges w500N
must lie between 0 and 5bar. Please note that pressure fluctuations can shift
the zero point.
Nominal (rated) force N kN
500200*) 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 50
Zero point variation with
an ambient pressure
variation of 10mbar (rel
ative to nominal (rated)
force)
% 0.01 0.01 0.006 0.01 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.001
*) when used in pressure range 800 - 1200mbar

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5 Mechanical installation
5.1 Important precautions during installation
•Handle the transducer carefully.
•Do not permit welding currents to flow over the transducer. If this danger
exists, you must shunt the transducer electrically with a suitable
low‐resistance connection. HBM offers e.g. the highly flexible EEK ground
cable for this purpose, which can be screwed on, both above and below the
transducer.
•Ensure that the transducer cannot be overloaded.
WARNING
There is a danger of the transducer breaking if it is overloaded. This can
cause danger for the operating personnel of the system in which the
transducer is installed.
Implement appropriate safety measures to avoid overloads or to protect
against resulting dangers.
5.2 General installation guidelines
The forces to be measured must act on the transducer as accurately as pos
sible in the direction of measurement. Torsional and bending moments, ec
centric loading and lateral forces may produce measurement errors and de
stroy the transducer, if limit values are exceeded. Interference effects must be
absorbed by suitable construction elements, whereby these elements must
not absorb any loads in the measuring direction of the transducer.
Important
The cable fastening side of the transducer should always be connected di
rectly with the rigid customer‐side force transfer areas. Ensure that the cable
is laid so that, where possible, no force shunt is caused by the cable (e.g.
through the weight or stiffness of the cable).

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5.3 Installation with tension/compression bars
In this installation variant, the transducer is mounted with tension/compression
bars on a construction element and can then be measured in the tensile and
compressive directions. Alternating loads are also correctly recorded if the
transducer is mounted without axial play. For dynamic alternating loads, the
upper and lower threaded connectors must be pre‐stressed to above the max
imum operating load and then locked in place.
5.3.1 Installation and locking with initial stress
(recommended installation variant)
1. Screw the transducer into the threaded connector.
2. Pre‐stress the transducer to 110% operating load in tensile direction.
3. Tighten the locknut by hand.
4. Relieve the transducer.
5.3.2 Installation and locking with tightening torque
1. Screw the transducer into the threaded connector.
2. Tighten the locknut with the torque specified in the following table.
Nominal (rated)
force Tightening torque (N⋅m)
50N …1kN 8
2 …20 kN 40
50kN 200
NOTE
When locking, the tightening torque must not be shunted through the trans
ducer. Also note the limit values for bending moments and lateral forces.
Installation with initial stress is preferable to installation with a defined tighten
ing torque.
5.4 Installation with direct connection
In this installation variant, the transducer is mounted directly on an existing
construction element and can then measure in the tensile and compressive
directions. Alternating loads are also correctly recorded if the transducer is
mounted without axial play. For dynamic alternating loads, the threaded con
nectors must be pre‐stressed to above the maximum working force. Comply

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with the tightening torques and information provided in section 5.3 when
mounting.
NOTE
When locking, the tightening torque must not be shunted through the trans
ducer. Also note the limit values for bending moments and lateral forces.
5.5 Installation with knuckle eyes
Knuckle eyes prevent the application of torsional moments and, where two
knuckle eyes are used, bending moments, together with lateral and oblique
loads in the transducer. They are suitable for use with quasi‐static loads (load
cycles v10 Hz). Pliable tension/compression bars should be used for dy
namic loads with higher frequencies (see section 5.3).
5.5.1 Installation and locking with initial stress
(recommended installation variant)
1. Screw the transducer locknut fully into the threaded connector.
2. Screw the knuckle eye as far as possible onto the transducer.
3. Unscrew the knuckle eye again 1 to 2 threads and align.
4. Pre‐stress the transducer to 110% operating load in tensile direction.
5. Tighten the locknut by hand.
6. Relieve the transducer.
5.5.2 Installation and locking with tightening torque
1. Screw the transducer locknut fully into the threaded connector.
2. Screw the knuckle eye as far as possible onto the transducer.
3. Unscrew the knuckle eye again 1 to 2 threads and align.
4. Tighten the locknut with the torque specified in the following table.
Nominal (rated)
force Tightening torque (N⋅m)
50N …1kN 8
2 …20 kN 40
50kN 200
NOTE
When locking, the tightening torque must not be shunted through the trans
ducer. Also note the limit values for bending moments and lateral forces.

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6 Electrical connection
The following can be connected for measurement signal conditioning:
•Carrier‐frequency amplifier
•DC amplifier
designed for strain gage measurement systems.
The U9B force transducer is delivered with a four‐wire configuration.
6.1 Connection with four‐wire configuration
The transducer is delivered with a 1.5 m cable with free ends as standard.
1: white Measurement signal (+)
2: black Excitation voltage (-)
4: red Measurement signal (-)
3: blue Excitation voltage (+)
Cable shield, connected
to the housing
Fig 6.1: Transducer with a four‐core connection cable
With this cable assignment, the output voltage at the measuring amplifier is
positive when the transducer is loaded with compressive forces. If a negative
output voltage is required at the amplifier when the transducer is under com
pressive loading, the two measurement signal leads must be transposed.
The connection cable shielding is connected to the transducer housing. Trans
ducers with free cable ends must be fitted with connectors complying with the
EMC guidelines. The shielding must be connected extensively. With other
connection techniques, an EMC‐proof screen should be applied in the wire
area and this screen should also be connected extensively (see also HBM
Greenline Information, brochure i1577).
6.2 Shortening the cable
The cable can be shortened, influence on the temperature coefficients of the
characteristic values or the sensitivity itself is low.

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Important
Balancing resistors (for sensitivity adjustment) are mounted on a PCB inside a
colored shrinkdown plastic tubing on transducers with nominal (rated) load of
50 N, 100 N and 200 N. If the cable is to be shortened, you must solder the
PCB back into the connection cable according to the labels on the PCB.
6.3 Cable extension
Only use shielded, low‐capacitance measurement cables for extension. En
sure that connection is perfect, with a low contact resistance. We recommend
implementing extensions using six‐wire configuration to exclude changes to
the sensitivity.
(red)
(black)
(blue)
(white)
Excitation voltage (+)
Excitation voltage (-)
Measurement signal (-)
Measurement signal (+)
Sense lead (-)
Sense lead (+)
Cable extension
(Six‐wire configuration)
Force transducer
(Four‐wire circuitry)
Shielding
Amplifier
(Six‐wire configuration)
Fig 6.2: Transducer connection to amplifier with six‐wire configuration
6.4 EMC protection
Electrical and magnetic fields often induce interference voltages in the mea
suring circuit. Therefore:
•Use shielded, low‐capacitance measurement cables only (HBM cables
fulfill both conditions).
•Do not route the measurement cables parallel to power lines and control
circuits. If this is not possible, protect the measurement cable with e.g. steel
conduit.
•Avoid stray fields from transformers, motors and contact switches.
•Do not ground the transducer, amplifier and indicator more than once.
•Connect all devices in the measurement chain to the same grounded
conductor.

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7 Specifications (VDI/VDE 2638 standards)
Type U9B
Nominal (rated) force Fnom N 50 100 200
kN 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 50
Nominal (rated) sensit
ivity Cnom mV/V 1
Accuracy class 0.5
Relative sensitivity error dC%v"1 for tension / v"2 for pressure
Relative reproducibility
error with unchanging
mounting position brg %v"0.5
Zero signal error ds, 0mV/V "0.075 "0.2
Relative reversibility
error
(at 0.5 Fnom)
ν0.5 %v"0.5
Relative linearity error dlin %v"0.5
Relative creep over
30min dcrf+E %v"0.2
Effect of temperature on
the sensitivity per 10 K
in the nominal (rated)
temperature range
in the operating tempera
ture range
TKC%
%
v"0.5
v"0.8
Effect of temperature on
the sensitivity per 10K
in the nominal (rated)
temperature range
in the operating tempera
ture range
TK0%
%
v"0.5
v"0.8
Output resistance RoΩ300 …400 <350
Input resistance RiΩu345 300 …400
Insulation resistance Ris GΩu109
Reference excitation
voltage Uref V 5
Operating range of
excitation voltage BU, GV0.5 …12
Reference temperature Tref °C +23
Nominal (rated) temper
ature range BT,nom °C-10 …+70
Operating temperature
range BT, G°C-30 …+85
Storage temperature
range BT, S°C-30 …+85
Max. operating force (FG)
% v.
Fnom
200 120
Breaking force (FB)u200
Static lateral force
limit1) (FQ) 40 20
Nominal (rated) dis
placement "15% snom mm <0.1 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.11 0.13
1) referred to a force application point 2mm above membrane

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Specifications, continued
Nominal (rated) force Fnom N 50 100 200
kN 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 50
Fundamental resonance
frequency "15% fGkHz 7.3 10 15.7 15.5 23.7 18.7 20 23 27.8 20
Permissible oscillatory
stress
(vibration bandwidth per
DIN 50100)
Frb % v.
Fnom 70 40
Weight, approx. g 75 100 400
Degree of protection per DIN EN 60529 IP67
Cable length m 1.5

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8 Dimensions
8.1 U9B with rated (nominal) force range 50N to 200N
Dimensions in mm (1 mm = 0.03937 inches)
View from below
Min. bending radius R10
Cable ∅3; 1.5 m long
M5
M5
M3
42
24
2.7
6
9
11.5
17
approx. 20.5
15
9
2.7
approx. 10.5
Ø 26-0.1
Ø 20.5
approx.
5.5
R20
R20
18
8.2 U9B with rated (nominal) force range 500N to 50kN
B
E
G
F
F
M
M
A
Y
R
C
Cable Ø 3; Cable length 1.5 m
R
Z
Min. bending
radius R10
approx. 10.5
Dimensions in mm (1 mm = 0.03937 inches)
Rated (nominal)
force A‐0.1 B C E F G M R Y Z
500N …1kN 26 44.5 20.5 13 9.5 13.5 M5 20 approx. 5.5 2.7
2 …20kN 26 60 28.5 21 16 21 M10 40 approx. 5.5 5
50kN 46 84 40 28 21.5 28 M16 x 1.5 80 approx. 5.5 8