HT COMBITEST422 User manual

©Copyright HT ITALIA 2021 Release EN 1.01 - 06/09/2021
COMBITEST422
User manual

COMBITEST422
EN - 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY MEASURES ...............................................................4
1.1. Preliminary instructions....................................................................................................4
1.2. During use.......................................................................................................................5
1.3. After use..........................................................................................................................5
1.4. Definition of measurement (overvoltage) category...........................................................5
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION...........................................................................................6
2.1. Instrument functions ........................................................................................................6
3. PREPARATION FOR USE...........................................................................................7
3.1. Initial checks....................................................................................................................7
3.2. Instrument power supply..................................................................................................7
3.3. Storage............................................................................................................................7
4. NOMENCLATURE........................................................................................................8
4.1. Instrument description .....................................................................................................8
4.2. Description of measuring leads........................................................................................8
4.3. Keyboard description.......................................................................................................8
4.4. Display description ..........................................................................................................9
4.5. Initial screen....................................................................................................................9
5. GENERAL MENU.......................................................................................................10
5.1. SET –Instrument settings .............................................................................................10
5.1.1. Language ............................................................................................................................... 10
5.1.2. Country................................................................................................................................... 11
5.1.3. Electrical system.................................................................................................................... 11
5.1.4. General settings..................................................................................................................... 11
5.1.5. Auto Start feature................................................................................................................... 12
5.1.6. Date and time......................................................................................................................... 12
5.1.7. Information ............................................................................................................................. 12
6. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS...................................................................................13
6.1. AUTO: Automatic test sequence (Ra , RCD, M)........................................................13
6.1.1. Anomalous situations............................................................................................................. 20
6.2. DMM: Digital multimeter function...................................................................................21
6.3. RPE: Continuity of protective conductors.......................................................................23
6.3.1. TMR mode ............................................................................................................................. 25
6.3.2. > < mode............................................................................................................................. 26
6.3.3. Anomalous situations............................................................................................................. 27
6.4. Lo: Continuity of protective conductors with 10A.........................................................28
6.4.1. Anomalous situations............................................................................................................. 29
6.5. M: Measurement of insulation resistance....................................................................30
6.5.1. TMR mode ............................................................................................................................. 34
6.5.2. AUTO mode ........................................................................................................................... 35
6.5.3. Anomalous situations............................................................................................................. 36
6.6. RCD: Test on differential switches.................................................................................39
6.6.1. AUTO mode ........................................................................................................................... 42
6.6.2. AUTO mode ....................................................................................................................... 43
6.6.3. x½, x1, x5 modes................................................................................................................... 44
6.6.4. mode ................................................................................................................................. 45
6.6.5. Anomalous situations............................................................................................................. 46
6.7. LOOP: Line/Loop impedance and overall earth resistance ............................................49
6.7.1. Test types............................................................................................................................... 52
6.7.2. Test cable calibration (ZEROLOOP)...................................................................................... 54
6.7.3. STD Mode –Generic test ...................................................................................................... 56
6.7.4. Br.Cap mode –Verification of the breaking capacity of protection devices .......................... 58
6.7.5. TripT - Verification of protection coordination........................................................................ 60
6.7.6. Ra 2-wire test - Verification of protection against indirect contacts ................................... 62
6.7.7. Ra 3-wire test - Verification of protection against indirect contacts ................................... 64
6.7.8. Verification of protection against indirect contacts (IT systems)............................................ 66
6.7.9. Verification of protection against indirect contacts (TT systems) .......................................... 67

COMBITEST422
EN - 3
6.7.10. Verification of protection against indirect contacts (TN systems).......................................... 69
6.7.11. Anomalous situations............................................................................................................. 71
6.8. LoZ: Line/Loop impedance with high resolution.............................................................75
6.9. 1,2,3: Phase sequence and phase concordance test.....................................................76
6.9.1. Anomalous situations............................................................................................................. 79
6.10. V%: Voltage drop of mainS..........................................................................................80
6.10.1. Anomalous situations............................................................................................................. 83
7. STORING RESULTS..................................................................................................86
7.1. Saving measures...........................................................................................................86
7.2. Recall of data to display and memory deletion...............................................................87
8. CONNECTING THE INSTRUMENT TO THE PC.......................................................88
9. MAINTENANCE..........................................................................................................89
9.1. General information.......................................................................................................89
9.2. Replacement of the batteries.........................................................................................89
9.3. Cleaning the instrument.................................................................................................89
9.4. End of life ......................................................................................................................89
10. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................90
10.1. Technical characteristics ...............................................................................................90
10.2. Reference guidelines.....................................................................................................92
10.3. General characteristics..................................................................................................93
10.4. Environment..................................................................................................................93
10.4.1. Environmental conditions for use........................................................................................... 93
10.5. Accessories...................................................................................................................93
11. SERVICE....................................................................................................................94
11.1. Warranty conditions.......................................................................................................94
11.2. Service..........................................................................................................................94
12. THEORETICAL APPENDIXES...................................................................................95
12.1. Continuity of protective conductors................................................................................95
12.2. Insulation resistance......................................................................................................95
12.2.1. Measurement of polarization index (PI)................................................................................. 96
12.2.2. Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR).......................................................................................... 97
12.3. Checking circuit separation............................................................................................97
12.4. Test on differential switches (RCD)..............................................................................100
12.5. VerifICATION of the breaking capacity of protection devices.......................................101
12.6. Verify of protection against indirect contacts in TN systems ........................................102
12.7. Ra test in TN systems ...............................................................................................104
12.8. Verify of protection against indirect contacts in TT systems.........................................105
12.9. Verify of protection against indirect contacts in IT systems..........................................106
12.10. Verify of protection coordination L-L, L-N and L-PE.....................................................107
12.11. Verifiy of voltage drop on MAINS.................................................................................108

COMBITEST422
EN - 4
1. PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY MEASURES
The instrument has been designed in compliance with guidelines IEC/EN61557, BS7671
17th and 18th editions and IEC/EN61010, relevant to electronic measuring instruments.
Before and after carrying out the measurements, carefully observe the following
instructions:
•Do not carry out any voltage or current measurement in humid environments.
•Do not carry out any measurements in case gas, explosive materials or flammables are
present, or in dusty environments.
•Avoid any contact with the circuit to be measured if no measurements are being carried
out.
•Avoid contact with exposed metal parts, with unused measuring leads, etc.
•Do not carry out any measurement in case you find anomalies in the instrument such
as deformations, breaks, substance leaks, absence of display on the screen, etc.
•Pay special attention when measuring voltages higher than 25V in special
environments (such as construction sites, swimming pools, etc.) and higher than 50V in
normal environments, since a risk of electrical shock exists.
•Only use original accessories.
The following symbols are used in this manual:
CAUTION: observe the instructions given in this manual; improper use could
damage the instrument, its components or create dangerous situations for the
operator
High voltage danger: electrical shock hazard
Double insulation
AC voltage or current
DC voltage or current
Connection to earth
The symbol indicates that the instrument must not be connected to systems with
phase-to-phase rated delta voltage higher than 415V
1.1. PRELIMINARY INSTRUCTIONS
•This instrument has been designed for use in the environmental conditions specified in
§ 10.4.1. Do not use in different environmental conditions.
•The instrument may be used for measuring and verifying the safety of electrical
systems. Do not use on systems exceeding the limit values specified in § 10.1
•We recommend following the normal safety rules devised to protect the user against
dangerous currents and the instrument against incorrect use.
•Only the accessories supplied with the instrument guarantee compliance with safety
standards. They must be in good conditions and be replaced with identical models,
when necessary.
•Make sure the batteries are correctly installed.
•Before connecting the test leads to the circuit being measured, check that the desired
function has been selected.
Kommenterede [S1]: Nel disegno c’è scritto 460V, 415 è
corretto?

COMBITEST422
EN - 5
1.2. DURING USE
Please carefully read the following recommendations and instructions:
CAUTION
Failure to comply with the caution notes and/or instructions may damage
the instrument and/or its components or be a source of danger for the
operator.
•Before changing function, disconnect the test leads from the circuit under test.
•When the instrument is connected to the circuit under test, never touch any terminal,
even if unused.
•Avoid measuring resistance if external voltages are present. Even if the instrument is
protected, excessive voltage could cause damage.
1.3. AFTER USE
When measurements are completed, turn off the instrument by pressing and holding the
ON/OFF key for some seconds. If the instrument is not to be used for a long time, remove
the batteries and follow the instructions given in § 3.3.
1.4. DEFINITION OF MEASUREMENT (OVERVOLTAGE) CATEGORY
Standard “IEC/EN61010-1: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement,
control and laboratory use, Part 1: General requirements” defines what measurement
category, commonly called overvoltage category, is. § 6.7.4: Measured circuits, reads:
circuits are divided into the following measurement categories:
•Measurement category IV is for measurements performed at the source of a low-
voltage installation.
Examples are electricity meters and measurements on primary overcurrent protection
devices and ripple control units.
•Measurement category III is for measurements performed on installations inside
buildings.
Examples are measurements on distribution boards, circuit breakers, wiring, including
cables, bus-bars, junction boxes, switches, socket-outlets in fixed installation, and
equipment for industrial use and some other equipment, for example, stationary motors
with permanent connection to fixed installation.
•Measurement category II is for measurements performed on circuits directly
connected to the low-voltage installation.
Examples are measurements on household appliances, portable tools and similar
equipment.
•Measurement category I is for measurements performed on circuits not directly
connected to MAINS.
Examples are measurements on circuits not derived from MAINS, and specially
protected (internal) MAINS-derived circuits. In the latter case, transient stresses
are variable; for that reason, the standard requires that the transient withstand
capability of the equipment is made known to the user.

COMBITEST422
EN - 6
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
2.1. INSTRUMENT FUNCTIONS
The instrument can perform the following tests:
•RPE Continuity test of earth, protective and equipotential conductors with
test current higher than 200mA and open-circuit voltage between 4V
and 24V.
•MMeasurement of insulation resistance with continuous test voltage of
50V, 100V, 250V, 500V or 1000V DC.
•LOOP Measurement of line/fault loop impedance P-N, P-P, P-E with
calculation of the prospective short-circuit current, overall earth
resistance without causing the RCD’s tripping (RA ), check of the
breaking capacity of magnetothermal protections (MCB) and fuses,
protection check in case of indirect contacts with 2-wire and 3-wire
connection
•LoZ Measurement of line impedance/Loop P-N, P-P, P-E with calculation of
the prospective short-circuit current with high resolution (0.1m) (by
means of optional accessory IMP57)
•ΔV% Measurement of percentage voltage drop on mains.
•LoContinuity test of earth, protective and equipotential conductors with
test current higher than 10A (by means of optional accessory
EQUITEST)
•RCD Test on molded-case standard, General and Selective RCDs of type A
( ) and AC ( ) and B ( ) of the following parameters: tripping time,
tripping current, contact voltage.
•AUTO Automatic sequence measurements of RA , RCD, Mfunctions with 3-
wire connection.
•1,2,3 Indication of phase sequence with 1-terminal method.
•DMM Multimeter function for Phase-Neutral, Phase-Phase, Phase-PE voltage
and frequency measurements.
Kommenterede [S2]: dato che, più avanti nella frase, si
specifica DC, “continuous” si potrebbe anche eliminare, penso.
Kommenterede [S3]: interrupting (meglio rispetto a
interruption) capacity non è sbagliato, ma più avanti nel testo c’è
“Br.Cap” usato anche nelle schermate, quindi ho ritenuto meglio
uniformare con breaking capacity.
Kommenterede [S4]: Immagino si parli della “rete”, che quindi
è mains.
Kommenterede [S5]: standard e general non sono praticamente
sinonimi? Sotto si parla solo di General (G) e Selective (S), quindi
penso che standard si potrebbe eliminare.

COMBITEST422
EN - 7
3. PREPARATION FOR USE
3.1. INITIAL CHECKS
Before shipping, the instrument has been checked from an electric as well as a
mechanical point of view. All possible precautions have been taken so that the instrument
is delivered undamaged. However, we recommend checking it to detect any damage
possibly suffered during transport. In case anomalies are found, immediately contact the
Dealer. We also recommend checking that the packaging contains all the components. In
case of discrepancy, please contact the Dealer. In case the instrument should be returned,
please follow the instructions given in § 11.
3.2. INSTRUMENT POWER SUPPLY
The instrument is powered by 6x1.5V alkaline batteries of type AA LR06 supplied with the
instrument. The “ ” symbol indicates the charge level of the batteries. To replace the
batteries, refer to § 9.2.
The instrument is capable of keeping data stored even without batteries.
The instrument has an AutoPower OFF function (which can be deactivated) after 5
minutes’idling.
3.3. STORAGE
In order to guarantee precise measurement, after a long storage time under extreme
environmental conditions, wait for the instrument to come back to normal condition (see §
10.4.1).

COMBITEST422
EN - 8
4. NOMENCLATURE
4.1. INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
CAPTION:
1. Inputs
2. LCD display
3. ,, , , SAVE/ENTER
keys
4. Compartment of the
connector for optical
cable/USB port
5. GO/STOP key
6. HELP/ key
7. ESC/MENU key
8. ON/OFF key
Fig. 1: Description of the front part of the instrument
CAPTION:
1. Connector for remote switch
probe
2. B1, B3, B4 inputs
Fig. 2: Description of the upper part of the instrument
CAUTION
The instrument checks voltage on PE by comparing the voltage at B4 input to
the ground potential induced on the instrument’s side through the user’s
hand. Therefore, in order to check voltage on PE, it is mandatory to hold
the instrument case on the left or on the right side.
4.2. DESCRIPTION OF MEASURING LEADS
CAPTION:
1. Hand protection
2. Safe area
Fig. 3: Description of measuring leads
4.3. KEYBOARD DESCRIPTION
The keyboard includes the following keys:
Kommenterede [S6]: non si usa mai la forma abbreviate nei
testi formali.

COMBITEST422
EN - 9
ON/OFF key to switchon/off the instrument
ESC key to exit the selected menu without confirming
MENU key to go back to the general menu at any time
keys to move the cursor through the different screens in order to
select the desired programming parameters
SAVE/ENTER key to save the selected setup parameters (SAVE) and to select the
desired function (ENTER) from the menu
GO key to start measurement
STOP key to stop measurement
HELP key to access the online help and display the possible connections between
the instrument and the system for each selected function
key (continuos pressure) to adjust the display backlight
4.4. DISPLAY DESCRIPTION
The display is a COG LCD module, 128x128 points. The first
line of the display indicates the type of active measurement,
the date/time and the battery charge indication.
R P E
115/10 –18:04
R = - - - 
Itest = - - - mA
Measuring…
STD
2.00
0.12
MODE
Lim
> <
4.5. INITIAL SCREEN
When switching on the instrument, the initial screen appears
for a few seconds. It shows:
•The instrument model
•The manufacturer
•The serial number (SN:) of the instrument
•The Firmware version of the two instrument's internal
microprocessors (FW and HW)
•The date of instrument calibration (Calibration date:)
COMBITEST422
ELMA
SN: 21010037
HW: 1.03
FW: 1.03
Calibration date:
15/01/2021
After a few seconds, the instrument switches to general menu screen.

COMBITEST422
EN - 10
5. GENERAL MENU
Pressing the MENU/ESC key in any condition of the instrument allows going back to the
general menu in which internal parameters may be set and the desired measuring function
may be selected.
MENU 15/10 –18:04
AUTO
:
Ra , RCD, M 
DMM
:
Voltage/Freq.
RPE
:
Continuity
Lo 
:
10A R PE.Test
M 
:
Insulation
RCD
:
Auto, Ramp, Man
LOOP
:
ZE/ZS Impedance

MENU 15/10 –18:04
LoZ
:
High Res. Loop
1,2,3
:
Phase Sequence
 V%
:
Voltage drop
SET
:
Settings
MEM
:
Data saved
PC
:
Data transfer

Upon selecting one of the listed measurements with the cursor and confirming with
ENTER, the instrument shows the desired measurement on the display.
5.1. SET –INSTRUMENT SETTINGS
Move the cursor to SET by means of the arrow keys (,)
and confirm with ENTER. Subsequently, the displays shows
the screen which allows accessing the various instrument
settings.
The settings will remain valid also after switching off the
instrument.
S E T 15/10 –18:04
Language
Country
Electric al system
General sett ings
Date and time
Inform ation
5.1.1. Language
Move the cursor to Language by means of the arrow keys
(,) and confirm with ENTER. Subsequently, the display
shows the screen which allows setting the instrument
language.
Select the desired option by means of the arrow keys (,).
To store settings, press the ENTER key, to quit without
confirming the changes made, press the ESC key.
S E T 15/10 –18:04
Eng lish
Italiano
Español
Deutsch
Français
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