
2. Winder/Unwinder Operation
2-1
2. Winder/Unwinder Operation
2.1 Overview
Winders are also called “spoolers”. These components wind up web material
(iron wire, iron plate, steel wire, etc) as they maintain a constant tension in the
material. In contrast to this, unwinders unwind web material, as they maintain a
constant tension in the material.
Basically, the winder and unwinder in an iS7 inverter use analog feedback from
the tension control detectors, such as the dancer or load cell, to activate the PID
controller and maintain a constant tension. This way, the winder and unwinder
form a closed loop tension control system when winding and unwinding web
material. In addition, the characteristics of the PID controller in the closed loop
tension control system differ from existing PID controllers. That is why this
system is referred to as a “Web PID controller” in this manual.
However, even open loop tension control systems that do not use a Web PID or
tension control detectors like dancers and load cells can function using the
winder and unwinder from an iS7 inverter.
The tension control operation of an iS7 inverter can be broadly subdivided into
the winder/unwinder, closed loop/open loop, and speed/tension command
operations.
).1.11(.
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][ Eq
mdiameter
mpmFlux
rpmSpeedMotor
The actual diameter (m) of the winder increases during operation. As shown in
Eq. 1.1.1, the motor speed (rpm) decreases as the diameter of the winder
increases to maintain a constant flux (mpm). The motor speed, i.e. output
frequency of the inverter, is reduced by activating the Web PID controller. In
addition to this, the Web PID controller computes and estimates the increases to
the diameter of the winder internally and uses the computed diameter ultimately
to decrease the output frequency of the inverter.
In contrast to the winder, the actual diameter (m) of the unwinder decreases
during operation. As shown in Eq. 1.1.1, the motor speed (rpm) increases as the
diameter of the winder decreases to maintain a constant flux (mpm). In a closed
loop tension control system, this motor speed, i.e. the output frequency of the
inverter, is increased by activating the Web PID controller. In addition to this, the
Web PID controller computes and estimates the decreases to the diameter of the
winder internally and uses the computed diameter ultimately to increase the
output frequency of the inverter.
This system offers more consistent control over the winder tension than
conventional PID controllers. Since the internally computed diameter
compensates for the inverter's output frequency once again, the Web PID
controller uses significantly less of the inverter's output frequency. Therefore, the