Nederman NEX D 2m User manual

Instruction Manual
Extraction Arm
NEX D/DX
NEX 5 m
NEX 4 m
NEX 3 m
NEX 2 m
Originalinstruction manual
EN INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Translation of originalinstruction manual
DA BRUGER EJLEDNING
DE BEDIENUNGSANLEITUNG
ES MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES
FI KÄYTTÖOHJE
FR MANUEL D’INSTRUCTIONS
IT MANUALE D’ISTRUZIONI
NL HANDLEIDING
NO BRUKERHÅNDBOK
PL INSTRUKCJA UŻYTKOWANIA
S INSTRUKTIONSMANUAL
2021-11-08 2130038 (05)
EN
DA
DE
ES
FI
FR
IT
NL
NO
PL
SV

NEX D/DX
Trace back information:
Workspace Main version a1
Checked in 2021-11-08
Skribenta version 5.5.005

NEX D/DX
Declaration of conformity ......................................................... 4
Figures .......................................................................................... 6
English ........................................................................................... 16
Dansk ............................................................................................. 23
Deutch ........................................................................................... 30
Español .......................................................................................... 37
Suomi ............................................................................................ 45
Français ......................................................................................... 52
Italiano .......................................................................................... 60
Nederlands ................................................................................... 68
Norsk ............................................................................................. 76
Polski ............................................................................................. 83
Svenska ......................................................................................... 91
3

NEX D/DX
D claration of conformity
EN English
D claration of conformity
We, AB Ph. Nederman & Co., declare under our sole responsibility that
the Nederman product:
NEX D/DX (Part No. **, and stated versions of **) to which this declara-
tion relates, is in conformity with all the relevant provisions of the fol-
lowing directives and standards:
Dir ctiv s
2006/42/EC
Standards
EN ISO 12100:2010, EN 1127-1:2019, 80079-36:2016 (excluding 11
Marking), 80079-37:2016 (excluding 10 Marking)
The name and signature at the end of this document is the person re-
sponsible for both the declaration of conformity and the technical file.
DA Dansk
Ov r nsst mm ls s rklæring
AB Ph. Nederman & Co., erklærer som eneansvarlige, at følgende pro-
dukt fra Nederman:
NEX D/DX (Artikel nr. **, og erklærede versioner af **), som denne er-
klæring vedrører, er i overensstemmelse med alle de relevante be-
stemmelser i de følgende direktiver og standarder:
Dir ktiv r
2006/42/EC
Standard r
EN ISO 12100: 2010, EN 1127-1: 2019, 80079-36: 2016 (eksklusive 11
Marking), 80079-37: 2016 (eksklusive 10 Marking)
Navnet og underskriften sidst i dette dokument tilhører den person,
der er ansvarlig for såvel overensstemmelseserklæringen som den tek-
niske dokumentation.
DE D utch
Konformitäts rklärung
Wir, AB Ph. Nederman & Co., erklären in alleiniger erantwortung, dass
das Nederman Produkt:
NEX D/DX (Art.-Nr. **, und bauartgleiche ersionen **), auf welches
sich diese Erklärung bezieht, mit allen einschlägigen Bestimmungen
der folgenden Richtlinien und Normen übereinstimmt:
Richtlini n
2006/42/EC
Standards
EN ISO 12100: 2010, EN 1127-1: 2019, 80079-36: 2016 (ohne 11 Mar-
king), 80079-37: 2016 (ohne 10 Marking)
Der Name und die Unterschrift am Ende dieses Dokuments sind die für
die Konformitätserklärung und die technischen Unterlagen verant-
wortlichen Personen.
ES Español
D claración d Conformidad
Nosotros, AB Ph. Nederman & Co., declaramos bajo nuestra exclusiva
responsabilidad que el producto de Nederman,
NEX D/DX (Ref. n.º ** y las versiones indicadas de **), al que hace refe-
rencia esta declaración, cumple con todas las provisiones relevantes de
las Directivas y normas que se indican a continuación:
Dir ctivas
2006/42/EC
Normas
EN ISO 12100: 2010, EN 1127-1: 2019, 80079-36: 2016 (sin incluir 11
Marking), 80079-37: 2016 (sin incluir 10 Marking)
El nombre y firma que figuran al final de este documento corresponden
a la persona responsable, tanto de la declaración como de la ficha técni-
ca.
FI Suomi
Vaatimust nmukaisuusvakuutus
Me, AB Ph. Nederman & Co., vakuutamme yksinomaan omalla vastuul-
lamme, että Nederman tuote:
NEX D/DX (tuotenro ** ja **:n määritetyt versiot), jota tämä vakuutus
koskee, on seuraavien direktiivien ja standardien kaikkien sovelletta-
vien määräysten mukainen:
Dir ktiivit
2006/42/EC
Standardit
EN ISO 12100: 2010, EN 1127-1: 2019, 80079-36: 2016 (pois lukien 11
Marking), 80079-37: 2016 (ilman 10 Marking)
Tämä asiakirjan lopussa oleva nimi ja allekirjoitus ovat henkilön, joka
vastaa sekä vaatimuksenmukaisuusvakuutuksesta että teknisestä tie-
dostosta.
FR Français
Déclaration d conformité
Nous, AB Ph. Nederman & Co., déclarons sous notre seule responsabili-
té que le produit Nederman :
NEX D/DX (réf. ** et versions indiquées de **) auquel fait référence la
présente déclaration est en conformité avec toutes les dispositions ap-
plicables des directives et normes suivantes :
Dir ctiv s
2006/42/EC
Norm s
EN ISO 12100 : 2010, EN 1127-1 : 2019, 80079-36 : 2016 (hors 11 Mar-
king), 80079-37 : 2016 (hors 10 Marking)
Le nom et la signature à la fin de ce document sont ceux de la personne
responsable de la déclaration de conformité et du fichier technique.
4

NEX D/DX
IT Italiano
Dichiarazion di conformità
AB Ph. Nederman & Co., dichiara sotto la propria esclusiva responsabili-
tà che il prodotto Nederman:
NEX D/DX (Art. N. **, e le versioni di detto **) al quale è relativa la pre-
sente dichiarazione, è conforme alle disposizioni delle seguenti diretti-
ve e normative:
Dir ttiv
2006/42/EC
Normativ
EN ISO 12100: 2010, EN 1127-1: 2019, 80079-36: 2016 (esclusi 11 Mar-
king), 80079-37: 2016 (esclusi 10 Marking)
Il nome e la firma in calce al presente documento appartengono al re-
sponsabile della dichiarazione di conformità e della documentazione
tecnica.
NL N d rlands
Conformit itsv rklaring
Wij ,AB Ph. Nederman & Co., verklaren onder onze verantwoordelijkheid
dat het Nederman product:
NEX D/DX (artikelnr. **, en vermelde uitvoeringen van **) waarop deze
verklaring betrekking heeft, in overeenstemming is met alle relevante
bepalingen van de volgende richtlijnen en normen:
Richtlijn n
2006/42/EC
Norm n
EN ISO 12100: 2010, EN 1127-1: 2019, 80079-36: 2016 (exclusief 11
Marking), 80079-37: 2016 (exclusief 10 Marking)
Naam en handtekening onder dit document zijn van degene die verant-
woordelijk is voor zowel de erklaring van Overeenstemming als het
technische document.
NO Norsk
Erklæring om ov r nsst mm ls
i, AB Ph. Nederman & Co., erklærer under vårt eneste ansvar at Neder-
man-produktet:
NEX D/DX (delenr. **, og angitte versjoner av **) som denne erklærin-
gen vedrører, er i samsvar med alle relevante bestemmelser i følgende
direktiver og standarder:
Dir ktiv r
2006/42/EC
Standard r
EN ISO 12100: 2010, EN 1127-1: 2019, 80079-36: 2016 (unntatt 11
Marking), 80079-37: 2016 (unntatt 10 Marking)
Navnet og signaturen på slutten av dette dokumentet er den som er
ansvarlig for både samsvarserklæringen og den tekniske filen.
PL Polski
D klaracja zgodności
My, AB Ph. Nederman & Co. niniejszym oświadczamy na naszą własną
odpowiedzialność, że Nederman produkt:
NEX D/DX [nr części ** oraz wskazane wersje **], który jest przedmio-
tem niniejszej deklaracji, spełnia wszystkie odpowiednie wymagania
wymienionych niżej dyrektyw i norm:
Dyr ktywy
2006/42/EC
Normy
EN ISO 12100: 2010, EN 1127-1: 2019, 80079-36: 2016 (bez 11 Mar-
king), 80079-37: 2016 (bez 10 Marking)
Na końcu niniejszego dokumentu znajdują się imię i nazwisko oraz pod-
pis osoby odpowiedzialnej za deklarację zgodności oraz dokumentację
techniczną.
SV Sv nska
Öv r nsstämm ls d klaration
i, AB Ph. Nederman & Co., förklarar under vårt fulla ansvar att Neder-
man-produkten:
NEX D/DX (artikelnummer **, och angivna versioner av **) som denna
deklaration avser, är i överensstämmelse med alla relevanta bestäm-
melser i följande direktiv och standarder:
Dir ktiv
2006/42/EC
Standard r
EN ISO 12100:2010, EN 1127-1:2019, 80079-36:2016 (exklusive 11
Marking), 80079-37:2016 (exklusive 10 Marking)
Namnet och signaturen i slutet av detta dokument är den person som
ansvarar för både försäkran om överensstämmelse och den tekniska fi-
len.
**
10500232, 10500332, 10501232, 10501332, 10502232, 10502332, 10503232, 10503332, 10500432, 10500532, 10501432, 10501532,
10502432, 10502532, 10503432, 10503532
AB Ph. Nederman & Co.
P.O. Box 602
SE-251 06 Helsingborg
Sweden
Anna Cederlund
Product Center Manager
Technical Product Management
2021-11-08
5

NEX D/DX
Figur s
6
.ontraP
23721501
23821501.ontraP
Part no. 10512832
Moun�ng examples
Montagebeispiele
Examples de montage
Ejemplos de montaje
Esempi di montaggio
Montagevoorbeelden
Asennusesimerkkejä
Montageexempel
1
6

NEX D/DX
max. 2000
NEX 2m
NEX 3m
NEX 3m
NEX 4m
NEX 5m
Ø 160
R 1100 (NEX 2m)
R 1600 (NEX 3-4-5m)
230
320
225
160
2300
500 (NEX 2m)
1000 (NEX 3-4-5m)
Ø 11
max. 3000 max. 4000 max. 5000
1400
2
7

NEX D/DX
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
12
13
14
3
A
NEX 2 m / 3 m
A1
B1
NEX 2 m / 3 m
B
NEX 4 m / 5 m
A2
NEX 4 m / 5 m
B2
4
8

NEX D/DX
230
287
225
220
Ø11
NEX 4 m / 5 m
1
A
Ø7,5 mm
Rotary stop
Drehstop
Bu ée de rota�on
Tope de rotaci ón
Giunto de bloccaggio
Draaistop
Kiertorajoi�n
Vridstopp (drejestop)
C
B
M8x16
5
9

NEX D/DX
~2300 mm
~1900 mm
A
B
2b
2a
6
4NEX 2 m
NEX 3 m
3NEX 5 m
5
7
10

NEX D/DX
NEX 4 m
NEX 5 m
4
NEX 4 m
NEX 5 m
6
7
8
NEX DX only
Nur NEX DX
NEX DX uniquement
Solo NEX DX
Solo NEX DX
Alleen NEX DX
Vain NEX DX
Endast NEX DX








8
A
B
10
11
9
ENGLISH Strech the hose on the lengths A and B.
DEUTSCH Den Schlauch auf die Längen A und B dehnen.


ITALIANO Distendere il tubo alle lunghezze A e B.
NEDERLANDS Trek de slang strak bij de gedeelten A en B.


9
11

NEX D/DX
NEX D
1 ground cable
NEX DX
2 ground cables
14
12
13
10
15
16
17A
17B
< 10 ohm Ω
*
11
12

NEX D/DX
360 °
A
12
A
B
5
5
or
oder
ou
o
of
tai
eller
13
13

NEX D/DX
or
oder
ou
o
of
tai
eller
14
A
13 mm
B
13 mm
C1
C2
C3
15
14

NEX D/DX
C5
C4
C7
C6
C8
16
15

NEX D/DX
EN English
Instruction Manual
Tabl of cont nts
Figures ............................................................................................................................................................................. 6
1 Preface ............................................................................................................................................................................ 17
2 Safety .............................................................................................................................................................................. 17
3 Description ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17
3.1 Intended use ....................................................................................................................................................... 17
3.1.1 ATEX products ..................................................................................................................................... 17
3.2 Technical data ..................................................................................................................................................... 18
4 Installation ...................................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.1 90°-bend in hanging or standing position ..................................................................................................... 18
4.2 Mounting NEX D/DX ........................................................................................................................................... 18
4.2.1 Rotary stop ........................................................................................................................................... 18
4.3 Earth control measurement ............................................................................................................................. 19
5 Using NEX D/DX ............................................................................................................................................................. 19
6 Service and cleaning ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
6.1 Internal cleaning of hood, hose and 90°-bend ............................................................................................. 19
6.2 Internal cleaning, arm system .......................................................................................................................... 19
6.3 Regular maintenance ........................................................................................................................................ 19
6.4 Adjusting the links ............................................................................................................................................. 20
7 Spare Parts ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20
7.1 Ordering spare parts .......................................................................................................................................... 20
8 Recycling ......................................................................................................................................................................... 20
9 Appendix A: Installation protocol ............................................................................................................................... 21
10 Appendix B: Service protocol ...................................................................................................................................... 22
16

NEX D/DX
1Pr fac
Thank you for using a Nederman product!
The Nederman Group is a world-leading supplier and
developer of products and solutions for the environ-
mental technology sector. Our innovative products
will filter, clean and recycle in the most demanding of
environments. Nederman's products and solutions will
help you improve your productivity, reduce costs and
also reduce the impact on the environment from in-
dustrial processes.
Read all product documentation and the product iden-
tification plate carefully before installation, use, and
service of this product. Replace documentation imme-
diately if lost. Nederman reserves the right, without
previous notice, to modify and improve its products
including documentation.
This product is designed to meet the requirements
of relevant EC directives. To maintain this status, all
installation, maintenance, and repair is to be done
by qualified personnel using only Nederman original
spare parts and accessories. Contact the nearest au-
thorized distributor or Nederman for advice on tech-
nical service and obtaining spare parts. If there are
any damaged or missing parts when the product is de-
livered, notify the carrier and the local Nederman rep-
resentative immediately.
2Saf ty
This document contains important information that
is presented either as a warning, caution or note, ac-
cording to the following examples:
WARNING!Risk of p rsonal injury
Warnings indicate a potential hazard to the
health and safety of personnel, and how that
hazard may be avoided.
CAUTION!Risk of quipm nt damag
Cautions indicate a potential hazard to the
product but not to personnel, and how that
hazard may be avoided.
NOTE!
Notes contain other information that is import-
ant for personnel.
3D scription
3.1Int nd d us
The NEX D/DX is designed to be used in environments
where the atmosphere could be explosive as a res-
ult of mixing air with dust. NEX D is equipped with an
earthed ventilation hose made of FDA approved in-
gredients. NEX DX has a double earthed system, an-
tistatic earthed ventilation hose that prevents static
electricity and sparks. Both products are suitable for
industries where hygiene is a top priority.
3.1.1ATEX products
NEX D/DX is not marked with the EX symbol since
it does not fall under the scope of the directive
2014/34/EU. Even if NEX D/DX does not have the
EX marking, it is highly suitable for use in zones lis-
ted in the Table3.1 according to ATEX-work directive
1999/92/EC.
WARNING!Risk of xplosion
The NEX-arm must not be used for extracting
dust/air-mixtures with:
1MIE < 3 mJ for NEX D/DX
CAUTION!Risk of quipm nt damag
NEX D/DX must not be used for extracting dust
that could affect the materials that are part of
NEX D/DX, see Figure3 and the following bul-
let list.
NEX D/DX contains the following materials, see Fig-
ure3:
1 Aluminium
2 PP (Polypropylene)
3 P C
4 Nozzle: EPDM
5 NEX D: P CNEX DX: Polyester/Polyurethane
6 P C
7 Nozzle: EPDM
8 Stainless steel
9 PP
10 Arm system: Aluminium and spring steel
11 Nozzle: EPDM
12 P C
13 Nozzle: EPDM
14 Aluminium
1MIE = Minimum Ignition Energy
EN
17

NEX D/DX
EN 3.2T chnical data
Tabl 3.1T chnical data
NEX D/DX
Noise level*:54–81 dB(A)
Weight:
• NEX D/DX 2m 17 kg
• NEX D/DX 3m 21 kg
• NEX D/DX 4m 28 kg
• NEX D/DX 5m 32 kg
Hose diameter Ø 160 mm
Recommended airflow** Maximum 1700 m3/h
Recommended temperature use Maximum 70 °C
Zone, dust***:
• NEX DX 21, 22 ***
• NEX D 22 ***
*Measured according to ISO 11201.
** Also, apply to local directions.
*** For use in respective zones according to ATEX-work directive 1999/92/EEC.
4Installation
4.190°-b nd in hanging or standing po-
sition
The NEX D/DX arm is recommended to be mounted
according to Figure4 item A, with the 90°-bend in
hanging position.
The NEX D/DX arm can also be mounted according to
item B, with the 90°-bend in standing position. How-
ever, the arm holder must then be revolved 180°. Re-
volve the arm holder in the following way:
1 Loosen the four screws fitting the arm holder to
the 90°-bend.
2 Move the arm holder approximately 17 mm away
from the 90°-bend.
3 Revolve the arm holder 180°.
4 Move the arm holder back towards the 90°-bend.
5 Fasten the four screws.
4.2 Mounting NEX D/DX
See, Figure5–Figure11. The extraction arm can be
mounted on wall or ceiling together with a wall brack-
et. Ensure that the surface, on which to mount the
arm, is level and use the wall bracket to mark the
holes.
Use locking fixing bolts and nuts suitable for the wall
material. The bolts much each stand a torque force
of minimum 1200 N (2m), 1900 N (3m), 3200 N (4m),
4500 N (5m). Use a spirit level and make sure that the
extraction arm is fitted in a horizontal position.
Check that proper measures have been taken to avoid
all types of electrical stray currents to and/or from the
piping system and electrical wiring.
NOTE!
Make sure the NEX D/DX housing is properly
grounded. See Figure11 and Section4.3Earth
control measurement.
NOTE!
Fill out the installation protocol when finished
installing the NEX D/DX.
4.2.1Rotary stop
Should only be fitted when the arm is mounted in a
360° rotating position, see Figure5.
18

NEX D/DX
4.3Earth control m asur m nt
Check for proper earth connection, after both main in-
stallation and regular maintenance, as follows:
• NEX D has one earth wire. Measure according to Fig-
ure11 item 16.
• On NEX DX both the hose and the arm system are
connected to earth. Measure according to Figure11
item 16 and the following sequence:
1 Remove and isolate the earth wire of the hose
(see Figure13 item 5) from the connector.
2 Check earth continuity according to Figure11
item 16.
3 Reattach the earth wire, see Figure13 item 5.
4 Remove and isolate the earth wire of the arm,
see Figure11 item 17A and 17B.
5 Check earth continuity according to Figure11
item 16.
6 Reattach the earth wire, see Figure11 item 17A
and 17B.
5 Using NEX D/DX
WARNING!Ignition risk for som dust or
solv nts
• Do not collect material that is caustic, explos-
ive, highly flammable, chemically unstable,
spontaneously ignitable, or which can re-
lease sparks.
• Check that no objects which can cause spark-
ing or fire are sucked into the arm, or impact
against the hood.
• Avoid mixing dust from different processes,
for example, service works and plastic grind-
ing mixed with metal grinding.
See Figure12. The extractor arm can easily be posi-
tioned at any point within its working area. It can be
rotated 180° when wall mounted and 360° when ceil-
ing mounted. For best capture, the hood should be po-
sitioned as near the fume or dust-generating process
as possible. The hood (on some models) is equipped
with a damper which can be adjusted with a lever.
Recommended airflow: 1700 m3/h (1000 cfm). Also,
check the local directions.
Always check that the airflow is sufficient in the hood
before work begins. Insufficient airflow is depending
on:
• The fan impeller rotating in the wrong direction.
• Hood, hose or 90°-bend are blocked.
• Filter cartridges are blocked.
6S rvic and cl aning
Treat NEX D/DX as a part of other machinery and clean
it according to the cleaning procedure plan. In addi-
tion, clean and check it periodically according to the
instructions in Section6.1Internal cleaning of hood,
hose and 90°-bend to Section6.4Adjusting the links.
WARNING!Risk of p rsonal injury
• Use a dust filter mask and other necessary
safety equipment when cleaning the NEX D/
DX.
• Squeeze/crush risk at the horizontal link on
4m and 5m NEX-arm.
NOTE!
Fill out the service protocol for all maintenance
performed on the NEX D/DX.
The NEX D/DX can be dry or wet cleaned:
• Dry cleaning: acuum and wipe the components ex-
ternally and even internally if necessary.
• Wet cleaning: Use a detergent solution that will
not damage NEX D/DX, see Section3.1.1ATEX
products’. Follow the advice from the manufacturer
of the detergent solution regarding dosage and
washing method. Rinse with clean water. Use low
pressure and a water temperature of 40–50 °C.
Avoid directly rinsing sleeves, joints and so on. Let the
NEX-arm dry before it is used again.
6.1Int rnal cl aning of hood, hos and
90°-b nd
1 Detach hood and hose.
2 Carry out dry or wet cleaning according to instruc-
tions in Chapter6Service and cleaning.
3 Let the components dry.
4 Re-fit the components. Stretch the hose along the
lengths A and B.
5 Connect the hose spiral to earth, see Figure13.
Make sure the NEX D/DX is properly connected
to the earth. See Figure11 and Section4.3Earth
control measurement.
6.2Int rnal cl aning, arm syst m
Internal cleaning is recommended approximately once
a year, see Figure14
1 Hold the arm in a straight, slight angle.
2 Detach hose, arm covers and bellows but not the
arm system, see Figure13
3 Carry out dry or wet cleaning according to instruc-
tions in Chapter6Service and cleaning.
4 Let the components dry.
5 Re-fit the components. (Hose: see Figure13.)
6 Make sure the NEX D/DX is properly connected
to the earth. See Figure11 and Section4.3Earth
control measurement.
6.3R gular maint nanc
Regular maintenance is recommended at least once a
year.
EN
19

NEX D/DX
EN 1 Check that the NEX-arm is connected to the earth,
see Figure11.
2 Check that the hose is intact. If necessary, change
the hose.
3 Check the mounting of the arm on the wall or ceil-
ing.
4 Remove all the arm covers and bellows, see Fig-
ure14. Adjust the links if necessary. Check the
function of the spring and spring holder.
5 Check that the suction capacity in the hood is suf-
ficient.
6.4Adjusting th links
Adjusting links is recommended at least once a year,
see Figure15–Figure16.
WARNING!Risk of p rsonal injury
Use the necessary safety equipment.
• A. Adjust the inner link.
• B. Adjust the knee link.
• C1. Loosen the bellow.
• C2. Unscrew the ball joint from the hood.
• C3. Remove the bellow.
• C4. Loosen the two socket head cap screws.
• C5. Tighten the ball joint using two adjustable span-
ners.
• C6. Remount the ball joint at the hood and test the
hood movement. If necessary tighten the ball joint
still more.
• C7. Tighten the two socket head cap screws.
• C8. Unscrew the ball joint from the hood. Refit the
bellow. Fasten the bellow at the outer arm cover.
Fasten the ball joint at the hood.
• D. Make sure the NEX D/DX is properly connected to
the earth. See Figure11 and Section4.3Earth con-
trol measurement.
7Spar Parts
CAUTION!Risk of quipm nt damag
Use only N$e$d$e$r$m$a$n$ original spare parts and ac-
cessories.
Contact your nearest authorized distributor or
N$e$d$e$r$m$a$n$ for advice on technical service or
if you require help with spare parts. See also
w$w$w$.$n$e$d$e$r$m$a$n$.$c$o$m$.
7.1Ord ring spar parts
When ordering spare parts always state the following:
• The part number and control number (see the
product identification plate).
• Detail number and name of the spare part (see
w$w$w$.$n$e$d$e$r$m$a$n$.$c$o$m$/$e$n$/$s$e$r$v$i$c$e$/$s$p$a$r$e$-$p$a$r$t$-
$s$e$a$r$c$h$).
• Quantity of the parts required.
8R cycling
The product has been designed for component mater-
ials to be recycled. Different material types must be
handled according to relevant local regulations. Con-
tact the distributor or$N$e$d$e$r$m$a$n$ if uncertainties arise
when scrapping the product at the end of its service
life.
20