VeEX MTTplus-420 User manual

Table of Contents
1.0 General Information
2.0 Safety Information
3.0 Introduction to MTTplus-420
3.1 MTTplus-420 Overview
3.2 What is GPON
3.3 Key Features
3.4 Specifications
4.0 Basic Operation
4.1 Connector Panels
5.0 Preparing for Operation
5.1 Equipment Check List
5.2 GPON ITU-T G.984 Test Standards
6.0 Optical Fiber Patch Cord Preparation
6.1 Contamination
6.2 Inspection
6.3 Cleaning Procedure
6.4 Best Practices
6.5 Connectors
6.5.1 Connector Types
6.5.2 Connector Performance and Polishing
6.6 Fiber Patch Cords
6.6.1 Fiber Patch Cord
6.7 Inserting the Fiber
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6.7.1 Preventing Inaccurate Reading
6.8 Fiberscope Platform Application
6.8.1 Connecting the Fiberscope
6.8.2 FiberScope Setup - Page 1
6.8.3 FiberScope Analyzer - Page 2
6.8.4 FiberScope Capture Screen
6.8.5 Results
6.8.5.1 HTML Report
6.8.6 Managing Fiberscope Results with File Manager
6.8.6.1 File Manager Filters
6.8.6.2 Backing up and Restoring Test Profiles and
Results From USB
7.0 Optical Power Meter (OPM) Test Mode
7.1 Optical Power Meter (OPM) Test Procedure
7.2 Histogram and OLT Loss History
8.0 Advanced Mode
8.1 Advanced Setup
8.2 Advanced Results
8.2.1 Errors/Alarms
8.3 Active ONU
8.4 PLOAM Decoder
8.5 OMCI
9.0 Troubleshooting GPON Alarms/Errors
9.1 Downstream Alarms/Errors
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9.1.1 LOS
9.1.2 LOF
9.1.3 LCDG
9.1.4 BIP - Bit Interleaved Parity
9.1.5 Corr FEC
9.1.6 Uncor FEC
9.1.7 Corr HEC
9.1.8 Uncor HEC
9.2 Upstream Alarms/Errors
9.2.1 LOS
9.2.2 LOF
9.2.3 LCDG
9.2.4 BIP
9.2.5 RDI
9.2.6 REI
9.2.7 Corr FEC
9.2.8 Uncor FEC
10.0 GPON Rogue ONU Detection
11.0 GPON Wizard
12.0 Splitter Analysis
13.0 Distribution Analysis
14.0 Common Functions
15.0 Certifications and Declarations
16.0 About VeEX
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APPENDIX A GPON DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX B GPON ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
APPENDIX C PLOAM MESSAGES IN G.984 G-PON
C.1 Activation Process Overview
C.2 PLOAM Messages
C.2.1 Upstream overhead Message: Downstream
C.2.2 Extended_burst_length Message: Downstream
C.2.3 Serial_number_ONU Message: Upstream
C.2.4 Assign_ONU-ID Message: Downstream
C.2.5 Ranging_time Message: Downstream
C.2.6 Request_password Message (Downstream) and
Password Message (Upstream)
C.2.7 Assign_alloc-ID Message: Downstream
C.2.8 Acknowledge Message: Upstream
C.2.9 Configure_port-ID Message: Downstream
C.2.10 Encrypted_port-ID Message: Downstream
C.2.11 BER Interval Message: Downstream
C.2.12 REI (Remote Error Indication) Message: Upstream
C.2.13 Request_key Message ( Downstream) and
Encryption_key Message (Upstream)
C.2.14 Key_switching_time Message: Downstream
C.2.15 No_message Message: Both Directions
C.2.16 Popup Messages
C.2.17 Deactivate_ONU-ID Message: Downstream
C.2.18 Disable_serial_number Message: Downstream
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C.2.19 Dying_gasp Message: Upstream
C.2.20 Physical_equipment_error (PEE) Message: Both
Directions
C.2.21 PST (Protection Switch) Message: Both Directions
C.2.22 Change_power_level Message: Downstream - Unicast or
Broadcast
C.2.23 PON-ID: Downstream (optional)
C.2.24 Downstream (optional)
C.2.25 Ranging_adjustment: Downstream (optional)
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1.0 General Information
This user manual is suitable for novice, intermediate, and experienced users and is intended to help use the features and
capabilities of VeEX products successfully. It is assumed that the user has basic computer experience and skills, and is familiar
with telecommunication and other concepts related to VeEX product usage, terminology, and safety.
Every effort was made to ensure that the information contained in this user manual is accurate. Information is subject to change
without notice and we accept no responsibility for any errors or omissions. In case of discrepancy, the web version takes
precedence over any printed literature. The content in this manual may vary from the software version installed in the unit. For
condition of use and permission to use these materials for publication in other than the English language, contact VeEX, Inc.
© Copyright VeEX, Inc. All rights reserved. VeEX, Sunrise Telecom, Digital Lightwave, Air Expert, CaLan, FaultScout, Fiberizer,
MPA, MTT, RXT, VeGrade, VeriPHY, and VeSion, among others, are trademarks or registered trademarks of VeEX, Inc. and/or its
affiliates in the USA and other countries. All trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective companies. No
part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted electronically or otherwise without written permission from VeEX, Inc.
This manual describes software and/or a device that uses software either developed by VeEX Inc. or licensed by VeEX, Inc. from
third parties. The software is confidential and proprietary of VeEX, Inc. The software is protected by copyright and contains trade
secrets of VeEX, Inc. or VeEX's licensors. The purchaser of this device and/or software, downloaded or embedded, agrees that it
has received a license solely to use the software as embedded in the device and/or provided by VeEX Inc., and to use it solely as
intended and described in this manual. The purchaser is prohibited from copying, reverse engineering, decompiling, or
disassembling the software.
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1.1 Customer Support
For more technical resources, visit www.veexinc.com.
For assistance or questions related to the use of this product, call or e-mail our customer care department for customer support.
Before contacting our customer care department, have the product model, serial number, and software version ready. Please locate
the serial number on the back of the chassis. Please provide this number when contacting VeEX, Inc. customer care.
Support hours may vary depending on the product.
Product Technical Support
Support is generally available 8:00 AM to 8:00 PM, Eastern Standard Time, Monday to Friday.
Phone: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
MPA Product Technical Support
Support is generally available 8:30 AM to 5:30 PM, Eastern Standard Time, Monday to Friday.
Phone: [phone]
International: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
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1.2 Warranty
For warranty information on VeEX products, go to https://www.veexinc.com/Support/Warranty.
To activate the warranty, please register your product at https://www.veexinc.com/Support/ProductRegistration.
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1.3 Patent Information
VeEX product hardware and software may be protected by one or more patents on file with the United States Patent Office.
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1.4 Documentation Conventions
Icons used in this manual:
Marks a helpful tip (action or method), which can save time and improve
usability of the product.
Provides important information needed to use this product and avoid
missteps.
Cautions against and action or inactivity, which can hinder productivity.
Strongly warns against a condition, an action, or inactivity which can lead
to a health hazard, injury, equipment damage, data loss, and/or financial
losses.
Stop and read before continuing.
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2.0 Safety Information
Safety precautions should be observed during all phases of operation of this instrument. The instrument has been designed to
ensure safe operation however please observe all safety markings and instructions. Do not operate the instrument in the presence
of flammable gases or fumes or any other combustible environment. VeEX Inc. assumes no liability for the customer's failure to
comply with safety precautions and requirements.
Optical Connectors
The test sets display a laser warning icon when the laser source is active to alert the user about a potentially dangerous situation. It
is recommended to:
1. Deactivate the laser before connecting or disconnecting optical cables or patchcords.
2. Never look directly into an optical patchcord or an optical connector interface (SFP+) while the laser is enabled. Even though
optical transceivers are typically fitted with Class 1 lasers, which are considered eye safe, optical radiation for an extended
period can cause irreparable damage to the eyes.
3. Never use a fiber microscope to check the optical connectors when the laser source is active.
Lithium-ion Battery Precautions
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery packs are compact and offer high capacity and autonomy, which make them ideal for demanding
applications, like providing long lasting power to portable test equipment. For safety reasons, due to their high energy concentration,
these batteries packs and products containing them must be used, charged, handled, and stored properly, according to the
manufacturer’s recommendations.
Li-ion battery packs contain individual Li-ion cells as well as battery monitoring and protection circuitry, sealed in its plastic container
that shall not be disassembled or serviced.
The test set unit's battery pack is also fitted with a safety connector to prevent accidental short circuits and reverse polarity.
Always charge the unit's battery pack inside the test platform battery bay using the AC/DC adapter supplied by VeEX.
Do not charge or use the battery pack if any mechanical damage is suspected (shock, impact, puncture, crack, etc).
Do not continue charging the battery if it does not recharge within the expected charging time
Storage: For long term storage, the battery pack should be stored at 20°C/68°F (room temperature), charged to about 30 to
50% of its capacity. Spare battery packs should be charged and used at least once a year to prevent over-discharge (rotate
them regularly).
It is recommended to charge and use battery packs at least every three months. Battery packs shall not go without recharging
(reconditioning) for more than six months.
After extended storage, battery packs may reach a deep discharge state or enter into sleep mode. For safety reasons, Li-ion
batteries in deep discharge state may limit the initial charging current (pre-recharge) before starting their regular fast charging
cycle. The pre-charging state may take several hours.
Air transportation of Li-ion batteries is regulated by United Nations' International Air Transportation Association (IATA)
Dangerous Goods Regulations and by country-specific regulations. Please check local regulations and with common carriers
before shipping Li-ion battery packs or products containing relatively large Li-ion battery packs.
Electrical Connectors
Telephone lines may carry dangerous voltages. Always connect the electrical test ports to known test interfaces which carry low
level signals.
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ESD: Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive Equipment
Test modules could be affected by electrostatic discharge. To minimize the risk of damage when
replacing or handling test modules, make sure to follow proper ESD procedures and dissipate any
electrostatic charge from your body and tools and the use proper grounding gear.
Perform all work at a workplace that is protected against electrostatic build-up and
discharging.
Never touch any exposed contacts, printed circuit boards or electronic components.
Always store test modules in ESD protected packaging.
Wear ESD protection and grounding gear when:
Inserting, extracting, or handling test modules.
Inserting or removing SFPs, XFPs, QSFPs, or CFPs from the platform.
Connecting or disconnecting cables from modules or platform.
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3.0 Introduction
3.1 MTTplus-420 Overview
The MTTplus-420 GPON test module for the VeEX® MTTplus platform is designed for ONT/ONU service activation and
troubleshooting. It is only intended to be used at the customer site between the splitter and Optical Network Unit/Optical Network
Terminal (ONU/ONT). The unit passively monitors downstream and upstream GPON traffic and tests optical power levels for
compliance to standards. Advanced testing mode reports system errors/alarms statuses and captures and decode OMCI and
PLOAM messages exchanged between the Optical Line Terminal (OLT) and ONT, allowing technicians to perform advanced
troubleshooting beyond basic signal level.
The operator is assumed to have received basic training in fiber optics and related testing and measurement practices.
3.2 What is GPON
The International Telecommunications Union standard (ITU-T G.984) describes attributes of gigabit- capable passive optical network
(GPON) systems. GPON utilizes optical wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) so a single fiber from a provider’s central office can
be split to serve multiple homes and businesses for both downstream and upstream data transmission.
The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) sends 1490nm signal downstream at a rate of 2.488 Gbits/s. Every Optical Network Unit/Optical
Network Terminal (ONU/ONT) receives the same data but is able to recognize data targeted to a specific ONU/ONT. Each
ONU/ONT upstream 1310nm signal transmits at a rate of 1.244 Gbits/s using a time division multiplex (TDM) format as each
ONU/ONT is assigned a time slot in which it can transmit to the OLT. The total available bandwidth is divided between all ONUs so
each user only gets a fraction of available bandwidth, such as 100 Mbits/s, depending on how the OLT allocates it. The upstream
transmissions, called burst-mode operation, is allocated on an as need basis by the OLT for each ONU/ONT that needs to send
data. Because the TDM method involves multiple users on a single transmission, the upstream data rate is always less than the
maximum available bandwidth to support sharing of bandwidth.
The OLT determines the distance and time delay for each subscriber. The software provides a way to allot time slots to upstream
data for each ONU. The typical split of a single fiber is 1:32 or 1:64. That means each fiber can serve up to 32 or 64 subscribers.
However, split ratios up to 1:128 are possible on some systems.
As for data format, the original GPON packets could handle ATM packets directly. Recall that ATM packages everything in 53-byte
packets with 48 bytes for data and 5 bytes for overhead. In 2008, the GPON standard removed direct ATM and only called for the
use of a generic encapsulation method (GEM) frame to carry protocols. GEM can encapsulate Ethernet, IP, TCP, UDP, T1/E1,
video, VoIP, or other protocols as called for by the data transmission. Minimum packet size is 53 bytes, and the maximum is 1518
bytes. AES encryption is used downstream only.
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3.3 Key Features
Basic Mode
Two Port pass through mode for measuring ONT upstream and downstream level measurements for 1310and 1490
Simultaneous display and measurement of calibrated PON signals
Automatic ODN class detection and power-level pass/fail analysis
Display OLT TX, PON Type, and Budget, and Class (if supported by OLT)
Indicate pass/fail status for signal and ODN link budget
Filtered, in-service loss measurements for each PON signal
Low insertion loss: ≤1.5 dB type
User defined Pass/Fail thresholds
Automated pass/fail fiber inspection analysis with optional fiberscope
Easy Report generation and data transfer
Upstream/Downstream LED status indicators for signal, Frame, Err/Alarm, and TC Sync
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Advanced Mode
System Errors and Alarms status with details of type and frequency of occurrence
FEC detection
List all active ONT IDs and serial numbers
PLOAM decoder and display PLOAM Control messages
OMCI decoder and display OMCI messages
GPON Wizard
Splitter Analysis
Distribution Analysis
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3.4 Specifications
Optical – GPON (designed to meet levels as defined by ITU standard when testing at ONT site)
Optical Measurement
Downstream 1490 nm OLT Signal 1-30 to -8 dBm
Spectral passband 1480 to 1500 nm
Upstream ONU/ONT 1310 nm Signal 1,2 -15 to +5 dBm
Spectral passband 1290 to 1330 nm
Fiber Inspection Optional Fiberscope via OTG cable
1577nm signal level only measurement option is available. Consult factory.
Optical – GPON (designed to meet levels as defined by ITU standard when testing at ONT site)
Data Analysis
ONT serial numbers identification Standard offering. Extracted from ONT
transmission
In-service signal levels with Pass/Fail analysis Standard offering. User defined P/F thresholds
PON identification Standard offering. Extracted from OLT
transmission.
System errors/alarms status Standard offering.
OMCI Capture/Decode Standard offering.
PLOAM Capture/Decode Standard offering.
1. For G-PON (ITU-T G984.x) signals.
2. Burst mode -15 to +5 dBm.
3. At 23°C, at 1310/1490 nm, using CW - 7 dBm source.
The most recent product specifications can be found on the VeEX web site at www.veexinc.com
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4.0 Basic Operation
The MTTplus-420 uses the MTTplus chassis.
For information on Basic Operations, Home menu, Launching Test Applications, Inserting/Removing Test Modules and other
features specific to the MTTplus host chassis, refer to the MTTplus Platform manual.
4.1 Connector Panels
The MTTplus-420 module connector panel features an ONU port (To ONU) and an OLT port (To
OLT).
MTTplus-420 connector panel with ONU and OLT ports
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5.0 Preparing for Operation
5.1 Equipment Check List
The following tools are required to operate the MTTplus-420 unit for GPON testing:
MTTplus platform unit with MTTplus-420 GPON module installed. SC/APC is the recommended connector.
Cleaning supplies to clean patch cord connectors and equipment optical connectors.
Fiberscope with Universal 2.5mm UPC and APC male tip, SC/APC bulkhead and SC/UPC bulkhead tips to inspect optical connectors.
Patch cord – one to two patch cords depending on what is required to insert the MTTplus-420 module between the splitter and ONT.
Mating blue (UPC) with green (APC) connectors will result in excessive insertion loss, reflectance,
and possible damage to the optical connector.
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5.2 GPON ITU-T G.984 Test Standards
The three primary classifications for GPON are Class A, B, and C. According to ITU-T G.984 Test Standards, for a GPON network to operate properly:
Span length must be ≤20 km (Class C+ ≤60km) and span loss budget must be met.
GPON 2.48 Gbps Downstream/1.244 Gbps Upstream Span
Budget (km)
Class
A
Class
B
Class
B+
Class
C
Class
C+
Min. Span Loss Budget G.984.2 5 13 15
Max Span Loss Budget G.984.2 20 28 30
Min. Span Loss Budget G.984.2/Amd 2 Digital Only 5 13 10 15
Max Span Loss Budget G.984.2/Amd 2 Digital Only 20 28 28 30
Min. 1490nm Loss Budget G.984.2/Amd 2 Vid Overlay 5 10 9 15 17
Max 1490nm Loss Budget G.984.2/Amd 2 Vid Overlay 20 28 27 30 32
Min. 1310nm Loss Budget G.984.2/Amd 2 Vid Overlay 5 10 13 15 17
Max 1310nm Loss Budget G.984.2/Amd 2 Vid Overlay 20 28 29 30 32
ITU-T G.984 Test Standards
A fiberscope must be used to inspect the connectors and ensure that they are free of contaminants, dents, or scratches. Use cleaning supplies to clean off
contaminants. Refer to Optical Fiber Patch Cord Preparation for contamination, inspection, and cleaning information. Dents or scratches can create
insertion loss and reflectance.
Downstream and upstream launch power must meet signal level specifications. A PON meter must be used to confirm that the signal levels are acceptable
per standards.
Since the MTTplus-420 is only designed to be used between the splitter and ONT (Customer Site), we are only concerned about the ONT received power
for the 1490nm signal and ONT launch power at 1310nm. 1490nm received power and 1310 launch power are both shown below
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2.48 Gbps Downstream Direction
1490nm OLT Launch Power (dBm)
1490nm ONT/ONU Receive Power
(dBm)
Class
A
Class
B
Class
B+
Class
C
Class
C+
Class
A
Class
B
Class
B+
Class
C
Class
C+
Min Avg
Power 0 5 1.5 3 -10 -21 -21 -28 -28 -32
Max Avg
Power 49579-1 -1 -8 -8 -8
1.244 Gbps Upstream Direction
1310nm ONT/ONU Launch Power
(dBm)
1310 OLT Receive Power
(dBm)
Class
A
Class
B
Class
B+
Class
C
Class
C+
Class
A
Class
B
Class
B+
Class
C
Class
C+
Min Avg
Power 0 5 1.5 3 -10 -21 -21 -28 -28 -32
Max Avg
Power 49579-1 -1 -8 -8 -8
Launch power specifications for downstream and upstream Signal Levels
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The communication ladder is defined within the ITU G.984.3 standards document and provides full details of OLT and ONU communication that occurs during the
activation process. For an overview of the GPON activation process, refer to Appendix C
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OLT and ONU communication defined in ITU G.984.3 standard
NOTE 1 – OLT waits at least 750 μs for the ONU to process the message.
NOTE 2 – ONU clears LOS/LOF error.
NOTE 3 – ONU constructs the preamble and delimiter and sets pre-assigned delay.
NOTE 4 – ONU constructs extended preamble.
NOTE 5 – ONU randomizes a response time and constructs Serial_Number_ONU PLOAM message.
NOTE 6 – OLT analyses incoming PLOAMs and associates ONU-IDs with serial numbers.
NOTE 7 – ONU stores assigned ONU-ID.
NOTE 8 – ONU prepares response PLOAM.
NOTE 9 – OLT measures time until response is received and calculates the adjustment to the ONU's Equalization Delay.
NOTE 10 – ONU updates its equalization delay.
NOTE 11 – Transmissions are in consecutive frames.
NOTE 12 – Downstream frame with empty BWmap (creates 125 μs of "quiet window").
NOTE 13 – BWmap should be constructed according to clause A.6.4.2.
NOTE 14 – To complete the SN request window (per clause A.6.4.2) the first StartTime in this frame should follow the margins described in clause A.6.4.2
(approximately 2 μs).
NOTE 15 – BWmap should be constructed according to clause A.6.4.2.
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6.0 Optical Fiber Patch Cord Preparation
Dirt, dust, and other contaminants severely impact high-speed data transmission in optical fibers and dirty connector end-faces are
often the number one cause of link failures. High insertion loss and/or high back reflection can result in transmission loss or high bit
errors and poor BER.
Most measurement variations and test repeatability conditions in fiber-optic systems can be traced back to the cleanliness of optical
connections. Contamination of fiber end faces not only affects optical power levels but also impacts back reflectance performance
and levels which is harmful to sensitive optical components.
Dirty fiber end faces can cause back reflectance and insertion loss
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6.1 Contamination
Optical connectors are susceptible to contamination from air borne particles and human body oils when exposed. Left over liquid
residue from improper cleaning can also leave the fiber end face contaminated. The smaller the fiber core, the more severe the
problem is likely to be, especially when considering that fiber core diameters can range from 62.5 microns all the way down to 8
microns in size.
Types of contamination viewed from a Fiber microscope
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Cross-section-mode and multi-mode fiber zones
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6.2 Inspection
Whenever possible, inspect the fiber-optic connection (connectors, bulkheads, and test interfaces) with a fiber microscope. It is
recommended to wear laser safety glasses when working with fiber-optic connections. Always check that the laser or transmitter is
disconnected before cleaning the connector end faces.
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6.3 Cleaning Procedure
To ensure proper and effective cleaning of optical fiber connectors and interfaces, use the following cleaning materials:
Isopropyl alcohol
Lint free soft tissues
Ferrule cleaners (1.25mm and 2.5mm versions)
Connector reel cleaners (CleTop or similar)
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Optical fiber cleaning materials clockwise from left--isopropyl alcohol, lint free soft tissues,
connector reel cleaners, and a ferrule cleaner
Clean the connector end-face by rubbing it onto a lint-free wipe dampened with isopropyl
alcohol
Procedure
1. Dab the contaminated connector end-face with a wipe that has been dampened with isopropyl alcohol - the solvent will
dissolve and remove contaminants that have dried and attached to the connector or fiber end-face.
2. Rub the fiber end-face perpendicularly against a dry lint free wipe several times.
3. Alternatively, use compressed air to dry the surface quickly. Do not blow or allow the connector end face to air dry as this
may leave a residue behind which is often more difficult to clean and which can attract even more dirt.
4. Re-inspect the fiber end-face with an optical microscope to check that all the contaminants have been removed properly - if
not, repeat the process.
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Using Compressed Air
In some clean air situations, filtered air is acceptable for use, which is free of oil and moisture to
remove debris and clean a fiber optic connection. However, unless very strict cleaning procedures
are followed, air-driven contaminants can cause more problems.
To use compressed air, hold the can upright. If the can is held at a slant, propellant could escape
and dirty the optical device. First spray into the air, as the initial stream of compressed air could
contain some condensation or propellant. Such condensation leaves behind a filmy deposit.
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6.4 Best Practices
Never touch the end face of an optical fiber connector with any hands or fingers.
Always install dust caps on unplugged fiber connectors.
Store unused dust caps in a resealable plastic bag to prevent dust accumulating.
Never re-use optic cleaning swabs or lint free wipes. Always discard materials that have been used.
Ensure all alcohol or solvent residues are removed after using wet cleaning techniques
It is recommended to re-inspect the bulkhead receptacles and connector end face using a fiber microscope following the
cleaning and prior to use.
Best practices for inspection and cleaning prior to connecting an optical fiber
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